EP1004779B1 - Method and device for gas supply and recuperation - Google Patents

Method and device for gas supply and recuperation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1004779B1
EP1004779B1 EP99122145A EP99122145A EP1004779B1 EP 1004779 B1 EP1004779 B1 EP 1004779B1 EP 99122145 A EP99122145 A EP 99122145A EP 99122145 A EP99122145 A EP 99122145A EP 1004779 B1 EP1004779 B1 EP 1004779B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
pressure
gas
stack
vessels
vessel
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EP99122145A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1004779A3 (en
EP1004779A2 (en
Inventor
Gottfried Hanifl
Ernst Dr.Dipl-Ing. Wandke
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Linde GmbH
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Linde GmbH
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Priority claimed from DE19940834A external-priority patent/DE19940834A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
    • B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
    • B22F3/15—Hot isostatic pressing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
    • F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
    • F15B21/14—Energy-recuperation means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
    • F17C5/06—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with compressed gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/04—Methods for emptying or filling
    • F17C2227/043—Methods for emptying or filling by pressure cascade

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for gas supply and gas recovery under Use of a gaseous medium, which in at least one stacking container is stored under pressure and from the stack container, if necessary via a Pressure converter, to a consumer (supply) and consumer, optionally via a pressure transducer, to at least one stack container or to another stack container (recovery) is passed.
  • the invention further relates to a device for gas supply and recovery using a gaseous medium comprising at least one stack container for storing the medium under pressure and one or more compounds from the at least one stack container, optionally via a pressure converter to a consumer (supply) and from the consumer, if necessary via a Pressure converter to or to another stack container (recovery).
  • Such methods and devices are used, for example, in the supply of gas a hot isostatic press and used in high-pressure gas quenching. in the The following is the prior art and the invention based on these applications closer look.
  • the gas is mostly in liquid form in a cryogenic storage tank (storage tank) at max. Stored at 18 bar.
  • a pressure booster and a high pressure evaporator the gas is pumped into the one stack container
  • the gas from the buffer tank in which the gas is stored in gaseous form at the required pressure (up to 300 bar) is introduced into the HIP system until pressure equalization of the two systems. Should however, the pressure in the HIP system should be too low, so must via the pressure transducer Gas must be pumped from the buffer tank in the required amount and pressure.
  • the gas is generated by the oven integrated in the HIP system Heated to 1000 ° C, whereby the pressure, for example, increases to 1000 bar.
  • the pressure is released from the HIP system and returning the gas to the buffer tank until pressure equalization of the two Systems. Subsequently, by the pressure converter, the gas, which is still in the HIP plant is pumped into the buffer. Due to the design of the pressure converter There is still residual gas in the HIP system, which is blown off as a loss to the outside becomes.
  • Another example provides high pressure gas quenching.
  • annealed (heated) materials preferably steel, by compressed gases Quenched in a short time in a hardness structure, then in a succession process application-specific remunerated (tempered).
  • tempered application-specific remunerated
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object, a method and a Device of the type mentioned above, which the gas supply and - improve recovery while avoiding the mentioned disadvantages. It should especially the (pressure) energy - depending on the practical task and the local conditions - as optimal as possible for the reduction of gas consumption and the necessary external energy.
  • the invention is based on the fact that so far only one stack container is replaced by two or more stacking containers whose operating pressures are cascaded are.
  • the individual stack container both in their volumes as be adapted to the specific conditions of use in the design.
  • stack container also includes buffer containers detected.
  • a general filling process takes place in that - as in the figure shown - the consumer first from the first container (container 1 has the lowest, container 5 in the figure, the highest operating pressure) up to a set first pressure level measured by a sensor filled.
  • the sensor closes the first container and opens a second container again up to one certain pressure. Then this second container is also closed and the next container opened. This sequence will be until you reach the desired Working pressure continued.
  • the handling is done in reverse order. First, will in the container with the next lower actual pressure (for example, after container 5 in container 4) and then in the reverse order described. After this Relaxing in the first container (container 1) can cause the residual gas in the consumer discarded (e.g., released into the atmosphere)). The residual gas can also over led a cleaning and filtering stage or another use, e.g. one Combustion in a heating system, be supplied.
  • the storage tank (tank) ago Before a new filling and emptying process, the storage tank (tank) ago, possibly via a pressure booster, the stack container again brought their output pressure.
  • the time required for filling gas volume is significantly below the amount of gas to be supplied in the prior art. It can vary depending on Technology and structural design up to 90% gas and up to 95% compression energy be saved.
  • the physical force for gas transport is advantageously the difference of State variables of the medium won.
  • the physical force results for gas transport either from a different pressure and / or different Operating temperature between the containers (also between consumers and stacking container).
  • means for transferring the gas present in a gas Pressure energy on the stack container without mixing this gas with the in the Stacking gas can be provided.
  • the invention can be used such that the pressure of the gas already used via means for (pre-) compressing a stacking container of a (suitable) pressure stage is used (e.g., by means of a corresponding device).
  • these Means are a container arranged in the balloon or a suitable piston translation (pneumatic translation).
  • the stack container in the invention can also cased together Be a bunch of bottles.
  • the LPG storage tank (storage tank) is optionally to a higher pressure, e.g. 36 bar, designed.
  • the HIP system is emptied using the temperature gradient between HIP plant and containers first the last cascade 5 on the filled maximum pressure of the cascade. Subsequently, the other cascades filled up to the maximum pressure or until pressure equalization.
  • the cascades can always through the HIP facility and do not need to be filled by a pressure transducer.
  • the loss amount of gas is from the liquid tank (e.g., 36 bar) by pressure equalization into the first cascade filled. In most cases it is therefore not necessary, after the initial filling of the Cascades to pump gas into the cascades by increasing the pressure.
  • the steel is quenched in a high-pressure gas system, a so-called. Cold chamber instead of the usual oil bath.
  • a high-pressure gas system a so-called. Cold chamber instead of the usual oil bath.
  • the batch (the workpiece) is transported from the annealing furnace to the cold chamber, the cold chamber closed, with gas, in this case with hydrogen (other gases such as He, N 2 , CO 2, etc., or mixtures thereof are also conceivable) to 20 bar covered.
  • gas in this case with hydrogen (other gases such as He, N 2 , CO 2, etc., or mixtures thereof are also conceivable) to 20 bar covered.
  • the system has hitherto been covered from a single stack container with a corresponding pressure difference and expanded for recycling into a second stack container.
  • the gas in the stack container is pressed by compressor for recycling in the first stack container.
  • the remaining amount in the cold chamber must be discarded.
  • the filling-side stacking container is replaced by, for example, two stacking containers, For example, the first with an operating pressure up to 20 bar, the second with replaced with an operating pressure of up to 35 bar.
  • the covering of the cold chamber is now done two-stage, first from the first stacking container, then - sensor- and computer-controlled - From the second stack container to operating pressure.
  • the temperature difference between consumer and container is missing, is the Emptying only in one step, in the first stack container, possible.
  • the previously for the relaxation used stack container deleted.
  • the gas losses and thus the Pressure losses must in this case from the storage tank (high-pressure tank) in be compensated for the second stack container.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Pipeline Systems (AREA)

Abstract

Gas supply and recovery process comprises gas passage between a consumer and a cascade of pressure containers at different pressures. An Independent claim is also include for equipment for carrying out the above process.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Gasversorgung und Gasrückgewinnung unter Einsatz eines gasförmigen Mediums, welches in mindestens einem Stapelbehälter unter Druck gespeichert wird und vom Stapelbehälter, gegebenenfalls über einen Druckumwandler, zu einem Verbraucher (Versorgung) und vom Verbraucher, gegebenenfalls über einen Druckumwandler, zum mindestens einen Stapelbehälter oder zu einem weiteren Stapelbehälter (Rückgewinnung) geleitet wird.The invention relates to a method for gas supply and gas recovery under Use of a gaseous medium, which in at least one stacking container is stored under pressure and from the stack container, if necessary via a Pressure converter, to a consumer (supply) and consumer, optionally via a pressure transducer, to at least one stack container or to another stack container (recovery) is passed.

Die Erfindung betrifft ferner eine Vorrichtung zur Gasversorgung und -rückgewinnung unter Einsatz eines gasförmigen Mediums umfassend mindestens einen Stapelbehälter zur Speicherung des Mediums unter Druck und eine oder mehrere Verbindungen vom dem mindestens einen Stapelbehälter, gegebenenfalls über einen Druckumwandler, zu einem Verbraucher (Versorgung) und vom Verbraucher gegebenenfalls über einen Druckumwandler zu dem oder zu einem weiteren Stapelbehälter (Rückgewinnung).The invention further relates to a device for gas supply and recovery using a gaseous medium comprising at least one stack container for storing the medium under pressure and one or more compounds from the at least one stack container, optionally via a pressure converter to a consumer (supply) and from the consumer, if necessary via a Pressure converter to or to another stack container (recovery).

Derartige Verfahren und Vorrichtungen werden beispielsweise bei der Gasversorgung einer heißisostatischen Presse und beim Hochdruck-Gasabschrecken eingesetzt. Im folgenden wird der Stand der Technik und die Erfindung anhand dieser Anwendungsfälle näher betrachtet.Such methods and devices are used, for example, in the supply of gas a hot isostatic press and used in high-pressure gas quenching. in the The following is the prior art and the invention based on these applications closer look.

Bisher wird beim heißisostatischen Pressen (HIP) durch ein Druckmedium, meist Argon oder Stickstoff, der benötigte Druck in der Presse wie folgt erzeugt:So far, in hot isostatic pressing (HIP) by a pressure medium, usually Argon or nitrogen, the required pressure in the press produced as follows:

Das Gas wird meistens in flüssiger Form in einem Tieftemperatur-Lagertank (Speicherbehälter) bei max. 18 bar gelagert. Durch eine Druckerhöhungsanlage und einen Hochdruckverdampfer wird das Gas in den einen Stapelbehälter gepumpt Abhängig vom benötigten Enddruck und der benötigten Temperatur wird das Gas aus dem Pufferbehälter, in dem das Gas gasförmig beim benötigten Druck (bis 300 bar) gespeichert wird, in die HIP-Anlage bis zum Druckausgleich der beiden Systeme eingeleitet. Sollte der Druck in der HIP-Anlage jedoch zu gering sein, so muß über den Druckumwandler Gas vom Pufferbehälter in benötigter Menge und Druck nachgepumpt werden. The gas is mostly in liquid form in a cryogenic storage tank (storage tank) at max. Stored at 18 bar. Through a pressure booster and a high pressure evaporator the gas is pumped into the one stack container Depending on required final pressure and the required temperature, the gas from the buffer tank, in which the gas is stored in gaseous form at the required pressure (up to 300 bar) is introduced into the HIP system until pressure equalization of the two systems. Should However, the pressure in the HIP system should be too low, so must via the pressure transducer Gas must be pumped from the buffer tank in the required amount and pressure.

Nun wird das Gas durch den in der HIP-Anlage integrierten Ofen beispielsweise auf 1000°C aufgeheizt, wodurch der Druck beispielsweise auf 1000 bar steigt.Now, for example, the gas is generated by the oven integrated in the HIP system Heated to 1000 ° C, whereby the pressure, for example, increases to 1000 bar.

Sollte es während der Haltezeit zu einem Druckverlust in der HIP-Anlage kommen, wird Gas durch den Druckumwandler nachgepumpt.Should there be a pressure drop in the HIP system during the holding time, Gas is pumped through the pressure converter.

Nach einer Haltezeit von 1 bis 8 Stunden erfolgt die Druckentlastung der HIP-Anlage und Rückführung des Gases in den Pufferbehälter bis zum Druckausgleich der beiden Systeme. Anschließend wird durch den Druckumwandler das Gas, welches noch in der HIP-Anlage ist, in den Puffer gepumpt. Bedingt durch die Konstruktion des Druckumwandlers bleibt noch Restgas in der HIP-Anlage, welches als Verlust ins Freie abgeblasen wird.After a holding time of 1 to 8 hours, the pressure is released from the HIP system and returning the gas to the buffer tank until pressure equalization of the two Systems. Subsequently, by the pressure converter, the gas, which is still in the HIP plant is pumped into the buffer. Due to the design of the pressure converter There is still residual gas in the HIP system, which is blown off as a loss to the outside becomes.

Vor Wiederbeginn des Prozesses muß nun die als Verlust ins Freie abgeblasene Gasmenge gegen den fast vollen Pufferdruck nachgepumpt werden.Before the process is restarted, it must now be vented to the atmosphere as a loss Gas quantity be pumped against the almost full buffer pressure.

Ein anderes Beispiel liefert das Hochdruck-Gasabschrecken. Bei diesem Verfahren werden geglühte (erhitzte) Werkstoffe, vorzugsweise Stahl, durch komprimierte Gase in kurzer Zeit in ein Härtegefüge abgeschreckt, um dann in einem Nachfolgeprozeß anwendungsspezifisch vergütet (angelassen) zu werden. Um diesen Abschreckvorgang zu realisieren, wird - ähnlich wie im bereits beschriebenen Beispiel beim heißisostatischen Pressen - ein Druckbehälter (Verbraucher) von einem Stapelbehälter auf Arbeitsdruck befüllt und nach dem Prozeß auf Atmosphärendruck entspannt.Another example provides high pressure gas quenching. In this process are annealed (heated) materials, preferably steel, by compressed gases Quenched in a short time in a hardness structure, then in a succession process application-specific remunerated (tempered). To this quenching process To realize, is - similar to the example already described in the hot isostatic Pressing - a pressure vessel (consumer) from a stacking container Working pressure filled and relaxed after the process to atmospheric pressure.

Auch hier sind die Nachteile, daß die in dem komprimierten Gas gespeicherte (Druck-)Energie nicht bzw. nur umzureichend genutzt bzw. zurückgewonnen wird, und die damit verbundenen hohen Gasverluste vorhanden.Again, the disadvantages are that stored in the compressed gas (Pressure) energy is not or only insufficiently used or recovered, and the associated high gas losses exist.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art aufzuzeigen, welche die Gasversorgung und - rückgewinnung unter Vermeidung der erwähnten Nachteile verbessern. Dabei sollte insbesondere die (Druck-)Energie - abhängig von der praktischen Aufgabenstellung und den örtlichen Gegebenheiten - möglichst optimal für die Senkung des Gasverbrauches und der notwendigen Fremdenergie eingesetzt werden. The present invention is therefore based on the object, a method and a Device of the type mentioned above, which the gas supply and - improve recovery while avoiding the mentioned disadvantages. It should especially the (pressure) energy - depending on the practical task and the local conditions - as optimal as possible for the reduction of gas consumption and the necessary external energy.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale der unabhängigen Ansprüche 1 und 10 gelöst. Die abhängigen Ansprüche enthalten vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung. Vorteilhafte Anwendungen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens und/oder Verwendungen der erfindungsgemäßen sind beim heißisostatischen Pressen oder beim Hochdruck-Gasabschrecken gegeben.This object is solved by the features of independent claims 1 and 10. The dependent claims contain advantageous refinements and developments the invention. Advantageous applications of the method according to the invention and / or uses of the invention are in hot isostatic pressing or during high pressure gas quenching.

Die Erfindung beruht darauf, daß der bislang lediglich eine Stapelbehälter ersetzt wird durch zwei oder mehrere Stapelbehälter, deren Betriebsdrücke kaskadenartig abgestuft sind. Dabei können die einzelnen Stapelbehälter sowohl in ihren Volumina als auch in der Bauform den konkreten Anwendungsbedingungen angepaßt werden.The invention is based on the fact that so far only one stack container is replaced by two or more stacking containers whose operating pressures are cascaded are. In this case, the individual stack container both in their volumes as be adapted to the specific conditions of use in the design.

Im Rahmen der Erfindung sind mit dem Begriff "Stapelbehälter" auch Pufferbehälter erfaßt.Within the scope of the invention, the term "stack container" also includes buffer containers detected.

Bei der Erfindung werden mehrere Druckbehälter mit kaskadenförmig abgestuftem Betriebsdruck eingesetzt, dergestalt, daß bei einem Befüllvorgang der Enddruck im Verbraucher durch zeitlich abgestimmte Teilfüllvorgänge, gesteuert von dem aktuellen Druck im Verbraucher, erreicht wird. Bei Entleerungsvorgängen wird entsprechend verfahren.In the invention, a plurality of pressure vessels with cascaded graduated Operating pressure used, such that during a filling of the final pressure in Consumers through timed Teilfüllvorgänge, controlled by the current Pressure in the consumer, is reached. When emptying operations will be appropriate method.

Erfindungsgemäß erfolgt ein allgemeiner Befüllvorgang dadurch, daß - wie in der Figur dargestellt - der Verbraucher zunächst aus dem ersten Behälter (Behälter 1 hat den geringsten, Behälter 5 in der Figur den höchsten Betriebsdruck) bis zu einer eingestellten ersten Druckstufe, die von einem Sensor gemessen wird, gefüllt. Der Sensor schließt den ersten Behälter und öffnet einen zweiten Behälter wiederum bis zu einem bestimmten Druck. Dann wird dieser zweite Behälter ebenfalls geschlossen und der nächste Behälter geöffnet. Diese Abfolge wird bis zum Erreichen des gewünschten Arbeitsdruckes fortgesetzt.According to the invention, a general filling process takes place in that - as in the figure shown - the consumer first from the first container (container 1 has the lowest, container 5 in the figure, the highest operating pressure) up to a set first pressure level measured by a sensor filled. The sensor closes the first container and opens a second container again up to one certain pressure. Then this second container is also closed and the next container opened. This sequence will be until you reach the desired Working pressure continued.

Bei dem Entleeren erfolgt die Handhabung in umgekehrter Reihenfolge. Zunächst wird in den Behälter mit dem nächst niedrigeren Istdruck (z.B. nach Behälter 5 in Behälter 4) entspannt und dann in der beschriebenen umgekehrten Reihenfolge. Nach dem Entspannen in den ersten Behälter (Behälter 1) kann das Restgas im Verbraucher verworfen (z.B. in die Atmosphäre entspannt)) werden. Das Restgas kann auch über eine Reinigungs- und Filtersstufe geleitet oder einer weiteren Nutzung, z.B. einer Verbrennung in einer Heizungsanlage, zugeführt werden.When emptying, the handling is done in reverse order. First, will in the container with the next lower actual pressure (for example, after container 5 in container 4) and then in the reverse order described. After this Relaxing in the first container (container 1) can cause the residual gas in the consumer discarded (e.g., released into the atmosphere)). The residual gas can also over led a cleaning and filtering stage or another use, e.g. one Combustion in a heating system, be supplied.

Vor einem erneuten Befüll- und Leerungsvorgang werden vom Speicherbehälter (Tank) her, gegebenenfalls über eine Druckerhöhungsanlage, die Stapelbehälter wieder auf ihren Ausgangsdruck gebracht. Die dabei zum Auffüllen notwendige Gasmenge liegt deutlich unter der beim Stand der Technik zuzuführenden Gasmenge. Es kann je nach Technologie und konstruktiver Ausführung bis zu 90 % Gas und bis zu 95 % Kompressionsenergie eingespart werden.Before a new filling and emptying process, the storage tank (tank) ago, possibly via a pressure booster, the stack container again brought their output pressure. The time required for filling gas volume is significantly below the amount of gas to be supplied in the prior art. It can vary depending on Technology and structural design up to 90% gas and up to 95% compression energy be saved.

Die physikalische Kraft zum Gastransport wird vorteilhafterweise aus der Differenz von Zustandsgrößen des Mediums gewonnen. Bevorzugt resultiert die physikalische Kraft zum Gastransport entweder aus einem unterschiedlichen Druck und/oder aus unterschiedlicher Betriebstemperatur zwischen den Behältern (auch zwischen Verbraucher und Stapelbehälter).The physical force for gas transport is advantageously the difference of State variables of the medium won. Preferably, the physical force results for gas transport either from a different pressure and / or different Operating temperature between the containers (also between consumers and stacking container).

Erfindungsgemäß können Mittel zum Übertragen der in einem Gas vorhandenen Druckenergie auf die Stapelbehälter ohne Vermischung dieses Gases mit dem in den Stapelbehältern befindlichen Gas vorgesehen sein. Beispielsweise für den Anwendungsfall, daß das benutze Gas nicht für den Prozeß wiederverwendet werden kann, läßt sich die Erfindung dergestalt nutzen, daß der Druck des bereits benutzten Gases über Mittel zum (Vor-)Komprimieren eines Stapelbehälters einer (geeigneten) Druckstufe benutzt wird (z.B. mittels einer entsprechenden Vorrichtung). Beispiele für diese Mittel sind ein im Behälter angeordneter Ballon oder eine geeignete Kolbenübersetzung (pneumatische Übersetzung).According to the invention, means for transferring the gas present in a gas Pressure energy on the stack container without mixing this gas with the in the Stacking gas can be provided. For example, for the application, that the gas used can not be reused for the process, The invention can be used such that the pressure of the gas already used via means for (pre-) compressing a stacking container of a (suitable) pressure stage is used (e.g., by means of a corresponding device). Examples of these Means are a container arranged in the balloon or a suitable piston translation (pneumatic translation).

Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, sowohl das Füllen als auch das Leeren computergesteuert zu optimieren.It is particularly advantageous, both the filling and emptying computer controlled to optimize.

Die Stapelbehälter im Rahmen der Erfindung können auch zusammen verrohrte Flaschenbündel sein. Der Flüssiggaslagertank (Speicherbehälter) wird gegebenenfalls auf einen höheren Druck, z.B. 36 bar, ausgelegt.The stack container in the invention can also cased together Be a bunch of bottles. The LPG storage tank (storage tank) is optionally to a higher pressure, e.g. 36 bar, designed.

Nachfolgend soll die Erfindung anhand von zwei Beispielen erläutert werden: The invention will be explained below with reference to two examples:

Beispiel 1:Example 1:

Beispiel 1 betrifft das HIP-Verfahren. Die einzige Figur zeigt schematisch den Aufbau eines solchen Ausführungsbeispieles. Die Betriebsdrücke der einzelnen Stapelbehälter (Pufferbehälter) (Sektionen) sind:

  • 1. Kaskade (Sektion 1) 10 - 50 bar
  • 2. Kaskade (Sektion 2) 10 - 100 bar
  • 3. Kaskade (Sektion 3) 10 - 200 bar
  • 4. Kaskade (Sektion 4) 10 - 200 bar
  • 5. Kaskade (Sektion 5) 10 - 300 bar
    • Example 1 relates to the HIP method. The single figure shows schematically the structure of such an embodiment. The operating pressures of each stack container (s) are:
  • 1st cascade (section 1) 10 - 50 bar
  • 2nd cascade (section 2) 10 - 100 bar
  • 3rd cascade (section 3) 10 - 200 bar
  • 4th cascade (section 4) 10 - 200 bar
  • 5. Cascade (Section 5) 10 - 300 bar

    • Im folgenden wird die Funktionsweise näher geschildert:The following describes the functionality:

    Beim Befüllen der Anlage zum heißisostatischen Pressen (HIP-Anlage) wird zuerst aus der ersten Kaskade Gas entnommen. Durch Differenzdrucküberwachung wird erkannt, wann aus den anderen Kaskaden Gas entnommen werden muß. Dabei ist der Differenzdruck frei wählbar.When filling the plant for hot isostatic pressing (HIP plant) is first off taken from the first cascade of gas. By differential pressure monitoring is detected when gas has to be taken from the other cascades. Here is the differential pressure freely selectable.

    Durch diese Art der Befüllung wird ohne Fremdenergie bei gleichem Stapelvolumen (Puffergröße) und bei gleichenm Druckverhältnissen mehr Gas in die HIP-Anlage gedrückt als beim bisher üblichen Verfahren. Es ist daher in den meisten Fällen nicht notwendig, Gas durch den Druckwandler nachzufördern, sehr wohl aber, wenn die HIP-Anlage Leckagen aufweist.This type of filling is without external energy at the same stack volume (Buffer size) and at the same pressure conditions more gas in the HIP system pressed than the usual procedure. It is therefore not in most cases necessary to recharge gas through the pressure transducer, but very well, if the HIP system has leaks.

    Nach der Haltezeit wird beim Entleeren der HIP-Anlage unter Ausnutzung des Temperaturgefälles zwischen HIP-Anlage und Behältern zuerst die letzte Kaskade 5 auf den maximalen Druck der Kaskade gefüllt. Anschließend werden die weiteren Kaskaden bis zum Maximaldruck oder bis zum Druckausgleich befüllt. Durch diese Art der Befüllung der Kaskaden können die Kaskaden immer durch die HIP-Anlage und müssen nicht durch einen Druckwandler befüllt werden. Die Verlustmenge an Gas wird aus dem Flüssigtank (z.B. mit 36 bar) durch Druckausgleich in die erste Kaskade gefüllt. In den meisten Fällen ist es daher nicht notwendig, nach der Erstbefüllung der Kaskaden, Gas durch die Druckerhöhung in die Kaskaden zu pumpen. After the hold time, the HIP system is emptied using the temperature gradient between HIP plant and containers first the last cascade 5 on the filled maximum pressure of the cascade. Subsequently, the other cascades filled up to the maximum pressure or until pressure equalization. By this kind of Filling the cascades, the cascades can always through the HIP facility and do not need to be filled by a pressure transducer. The loss amount of gas is from the liquid tank (e.g., 36 bar) by pressure equalization into the first cascade filled. In most cases it is therefore not necessary, after the initial filling of the Cascades to pump gas into the cascades by increasing the pressure.

    Beispiel 2 (nicht dargestellt):Example 2 (not shown):

    Bei einer Wärmebehandlungsanlage wird der Stahl statt in dem allgemein üblichen Ölbad in einer Hochdruck-Gasanlage, einer sog. Kaltkammer abgeschreckt. Entsprechend dem Stand der Technik wird die Charge (das Werkstück) aus dem Ofen mit Glühtemperatur in die Kaltkammer transportiert, die Kaltkammer geschlossen, mit Gas, in diesem Fall mit Wasserstoff (andere Gase wie He, N2, CO2 etc. oder deren Gemische sind ebenfalls denkbar) auf 20 bar bespannt. Entsprechend dem Stand der Technik wurde bisher die Anlage aus einem einzigen Stapelbehälter mit entsprechender Druckdifferenz bespannt und zur Wiederverwertung in einen zweiten Stapelbehälter entspannt. Das Gas im Stapelbehälter wird mittels Kompressor zwecks Wiederverwertung in den ersten Stapelbehälter gedrückt. Die Restmenge in der Kaltkammer muß verworfen werden.In a heat treatment plant, the steel is quenched in a high-pressure gas system, a so-called. Cold chamber instead of the usual oil bath. According to the prior art, the batch (the workpiece) is transported from the annealing furnace to the cold chamber, the cold chamber closed, with gas, in this case with hydrogen (other gases such as He, N 2 , CO 2, etc., or mixtures thereof are also conceivable) to 20 bar covered. According to the prior art, the system has hitherto been covered from a single stack container with a corresponding pressure difference and expanded for recycling into a second stack container. The gas in the stack container is pressed by compressor for recycling in the first stack container. The remaining amount in the cold chamber must be discarded.

    Erfindungsgemäß wird der füllseitige Stapelbehälter durch beispielsweise zwei Stapelbehälter, beispielsweise der erste mit einem Betriebsdruck bis 20 bar, der zweite mit einem Betriebsdruck bis 35 bar ersetzt. Die Bespannung der Kaltkammer erfolgt nun zweistufig, zunächst aus dem ersten Stapelbehälter, anschließend - sensor- und computergesteuert - aus dem zweiten Stapelbehälter auf Betriebsdruck. Da hier anders als im Beispiel 1 die Temperaturdifferenz zwischen Verbraucher und Behälter fehlt, ist die Leerung nur in einem Teilschritt, in den ersten Stapelbehälter, möglich. Der bisher für die Entspannung eingesetzte Stapelbehälter entfällt. Die Gasverluste und damit die Druckverluste müssen in diesem Fall aus dem Speicherbehälter (Hochdrucktank) in den zweiten Stapelbehälter ausgeglichen werden.According to the invention, the filling-side stacking container is replaced by, for example, two stacking containers, For example, the first with an operating pressure up to 20 bar, the second with replaced with an operating pressure of up to 35 bar. The covering of the cold chamber is now done two-stage, first from the first stacking container, then - sensor- and computer-controlled - From the second stack container to operating pressure. As different here In Example 1, the temperature difference between consumer and container is missing, is the Emptying only in one step, in the first stack container, possible. The previously for the relaxation used stack container deleted. The gas losses and thus the Pressure losses must in this case from the storage tank (high-pressure tank) in be compensated for the second stack container.

    Bei besonders wertvollen Gasen, wie z.B. Helium, hat es sich - unabhängig vom sonstigen Prozeßablauf - auch bewährt, über einen ständig laufenden Kompressor Gas aus dem ersten Stapelbehälter in den zweiten Stapelbehälter umzupumpen. Diese Verfahrensweise erfordert zwar zusätzlich Antriebsenergie für den Kompressor, spart aber Gas. In Abhängigkeit von Kompressor- und Strompreis kann dies für teure Gase eine sehr wertvolle Ergänzung des Gesamtprozesses sein.For particularly valuable gases, e.g. Helium, it is - regardless of other process flow - also proven, over a constantly running compressor To pump gas from the first stack container into the second stack container. These Although procedure requires additional drive energy for the compressor, saves but gas. Depending on compressor and electricity price this can be for expensive gases a very valuable addition to the overall process.

    Claims (16)

    1. Method for gas supply and recuperation using a gaseous medium, which is stored under pressure in at least one stack vessel and is passed from the stack vessel, if appropriate via a pressure converter, to a consumer (supply) and from the consumer, if appropriate via a pressure converter, to the or a further stack vessel (recuperation), characterized in that a plurality of pressure vessels with different pressures are used in cascade form as stack vessels.
    2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the physical force for transporting gas results either from a different pressure and/or from a different temperature between the vessels.
    3. Method according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the pressure vessels of the cascade are of different sizes.
    4. Method according to any of Claims 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the gas used is an inert gas or inert gas mixture, in particular argon, helium and/or nitrogen, and/or a reactive gas or reactive gas mixture, in particular hydrogen and/or carbon dioxide.
    5. Method according to any of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the stack vessels, at least when they are being filled for the first time, are filled from at least one storage vessel, with the gas preferably being stored in the liquefied state in the storage vessel.
    6. Method according to Claim 5, characterized in that the storage vessel is designed for a storage pressure of up to 50 bar, preferably up to 40 bar.
    7. Method according to any of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that pressure-increasing installations, via which the pressure vessels of the cascade are connected to one another, can be optionally connected up.
    8. Method according to any of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that pressure energy which is present in a gas is transferred to the stack vessels without this gas being mixed with the gas that is present in the stack vessels.
    9. Method according to any of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the method is monitored, controlled and/or optimized by computer means.
    10. Device for gas supply and recuperation using a gaseous medium, comprising at least one stack vessel for storing the medium under pressure and one or more connections from the at least one stack vessel, if appropriate via a pressure converter, to a consumer (supply) and from the consumer, if appropriate via a pressure converter, to the or a further stack vessel (recuperation), characterized in that a plurality of pressure vessels with a different pressure are provided in a cascade as stack vessels.
    11. Device according to Claim 10, characterized in that the pressure vessels of the cascade are of different sizes.
    12. Device according to Claim 10 or 11, characterized in that at least one storage vessel is provided for filling the stack vessels at least the first time they are filled, which storage vessel is preferably designed to store gas in the liquefied state.
    13. Device according to any of Claims 10 to 12, characterized in that means are provided for transferring the pressure energy that is present in a gas to the stack vessels without this gas being mixed with the gas that is present in the stack vessels.
    14. Device according to any of Claims 10 to 13, characterized in that the pressure vessels of the cascade are connected to one another via pressure-increasing installations which can be connected up as desired.
    15. Use of the method and/or of the device according to any of the preceding claims in the field of hot isostatic pressing.
    16. Use of the method and/or the device according to any of the preceding claims in the field of high-pressure gas quenching.
    EP99122145A 1998-11-27 1999-11-05 Method and device for gas supply and recuperation Expired - Lifetime EP1004779B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (4)

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    DE19854935 1998-11-27
    DE19854935 1998-11-27
    DE19940834 1999-08-27
    DE19940834A DE19940834A1 (en) 1998-11-27 1999-08-27 Method and device for gas supply and gas recovery

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    EP1004779A2 EP1004779A2 (en) 2000-05-31
    EP1004779A3 EP1004779A3 (en) 2003-05-28
    EP1004779B1 true EP1004779B1 (en) 2005-06-29

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    AT (1) ATE298842T1 (en)
    CZ (1) CZ298786B6 (en)
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    US8286670B2 (en) 2007-06-22 2012-10-16 L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Method for controlled filling of pressurized gas tanks
    DE102011051269A1 (en) 2011-06-22 2012-12-27 DIL Deutsches Institut für Lebensmitteltechnik e.V. Charging tank and method for simultaneous high pressure and temperature treatment of a food in a high pressure boiler
    CN103586472B (en) * 2013-10-30 2015-06-17 宁波恒普真空技术有限公司 Temperature cascade control method of vacuum degreasing sintering furnace in metal powder injection molding
    DE102017103793A1 (en) 2017-02-23 2018-08-23 Natura Foodtec Holding B.V. Device and method for the treatment of food
    JP6891301B2 (en) 2017-05-31 2021-06-18 キンタス・テクノロジーズ・エービーＱｕｉｎｔｕｓ Ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｉｅｓ ＡＢ Press component

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    NL44397C (en) * 1934-11-14
    US4750869A (en) * 1984-05-09 1988-06-14 Booster Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for boosting gas from a low-pressure source to a high-pressure receptacle
    SE454382B (en) * 1986-09-02 1988-04-25 Aga Ab SET ON EMPTYING OF GAS FILLED CONTAINERS AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SET
    US5479966A (en) * 1993-07-26 1996-01-02 Consolidated Natural Gas Service Company, Inc. Quick fill fuel charge process
    DE4422588C2 (en) * 1994-06-28 1999-09-23 Ald Vacuum Techn Gmbh Process for quenching workpieces with gases and heat treatment system to carry out the process
    US5676180A (en) * 1996-03-13 1997-10-14 Teel; James R. Method and system for storing and hydraulically-pressurizing compressed natural gas (CNG) at an automotive re-fuel station
    JP4124838B2 (en) * 1996-04-26 2008-07-23 株式会社神戸製鋼所 Pressure gas supply device

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    PL336609A1 (en) 2000-06-05
    ES2245066T3 (en) 2005-12-16
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    HU9904423D0 (en) 2000-02-28
    ATE298842T1 (en) 2005-07-15
    EP1004779A3 (en) 2003-05-28
    CZ298786B6 (en) 2008-01-30
    EP1004779A2 (en) 2000-05-31
    CZ9904243A3 (en) 2001-02-14
    PL191693B1 (en) 2006-06-30

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