EP0995822B1 - Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Bikomponenten-Endlosfasern unter Verwendung von biegsamen Rohrleitungen - Google Patents

Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Bikomponenten-Endlosfasern unter Verwendung von biegsamen Rohrleitungen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0995822B1
EP0995822B1 EP98123739A EP98123739A EP0995822B1 EP 0995822 B1 EP0995822 B1 EP 0995822B1 EP 98123739 A EP98123739 A EP 98123739A EP 98123739 A EP98123739 A EP 98123739A EP 0995822 B1 EP0995822 B1 EP 0995822B1
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Prior art keywords
openings
ducts
flexible
die
plate
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP98123739A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0995822A1 (de
Inventor
Rosaldo Fare'
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Fare' Rosaldo
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Individual
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/34—Core-skin structure; Spinnerette packs therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus and method for making a continuous fiber or filament and, more specifically, for forming a fiber including two discrete and different components.
  • Synthetic fibers as is known, are conventionally made by extruding molten polymers through a plurality of very small openings of an extruding die.
  • Said synthetic fibers can comprise two component polymers of different characteristics and physical properties.
  • These fibers are the so-called "sheath-core" fibers which include a central component (the core) inside a further fiber component (the skin or sheath).
  • these sheath-core fibers it is very important to properly held the fiber core in the center of the fiber, since if the fiber core is offset from the fiber center, even if slightly, then the qualities and physical properties of the resulting fiber would be deleteriously affected.
  • a conventional method for forming the above mentioned sheath-core fibers provides for using a pre-die plate, including a first plurality of openings passing through said pre-die plate therealong one of the two components flows, as well as a further die including therethrough a second plurality of die openings therethrough the second component flows, which second component, after joining the first, is discharged through the corresponding openings of the die, with the above mentioned sheath-core pattern.
  • both the pre-die plate and die plate proper are provided with a plurality of disordered openings passing therethrough and having a very small size, then, it should be apparent that the involved tolerances would be very narrow. Thus, a small disalignment of the mentioned small openings would be anyhow possible.
  • the die plate are conventionally made of a steel material, said high temperatures (and possible variations thereof) will cause the plate size to change, both by expanding and by contracting, and this variations can offset or displace opening sets of a plate from the respective openings of the other plate, thereby greatly and undesirably disaligning the two opening sets or series.
  • EP-A-0 284 784 discloses an apparatus substantially according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • an apparatus for making continuous fibers or filaments, constituted by a first and second component polymers, said apparatus including a first plate having an inlet for receiving said first component polymer and a plurality of first openings therethrough said first component polymer flows to an outlet end of said openings.
  • a second plate is oppositedly mounted with respect to said first plate, said second plate being provided with a plurality of second openings which are axially aligned with said plurality of said first openings of said first plate, said second plate being provided with a flow channel allowing said second polymeric component to flow through said second openings and exit from a respective end of the latter.
  • a plurality of flexible hollow ducts are axially assembled inside the mentioned second openings, one end of each said duct being arranged adjoining the outlet and of one of said first openings and the other end of each said flexible duct being arranged adjoining the outlet ends of said second openings.
  • Said flexible ducts are provided, through their cross-section, with a surface having a less area than that of the corresponding surface of said second openings, said flexible ducts being provided with a flexibility or resilience so designed as to overcome any possible disalignments of said first and second openings, thereby preventing the proper flow directions of said two component polymers from changing.
  • each said flexible duct is provided with centering means arranged at said other end of said ducts, said centering means extending outwardly and engaging on the walls of said second openings, thereby centering said other end of said flexible ducts with respect to said second openings, and thereby holding said other end in a position axially aligned with said second openings, even if said end of said flexible ducts is not axially aligned with said second openings.
  • said flexible ducts are mounted in the first openings of said first plate, at their outlet end.
  • said second plate is provided with die openings adjoining the outlet ends of said second openings and communicating with said second openings, thereby allowing said second component to flow from said second openings into said die openings, said other end of each said flexible duct being provided with a discharging or outlet opening directing the flow of said first polymeric component to the corresponding die opening inside the flow of said second polymeric component, thereby providing a sheath-core type of fiber or filament.
  • the present invention also relates to a method according to claim 6 for forming a continuous fiber or filament including two polymeric components, said method comprising the step of arranging a first top plate, provided in the inside thereof with a plurality of first openings, at a position immediately adjoining a second plate, in turn provided in its inside with a plurality of second openings and a plurality of die openings on the bottom surface thereof, said first and second openings being axially aligned.
  • the method of the invention further comprises the step of arranging a plurality of flexible hollow ducts so that an end of each said duct communicates with each said first opening and thereby said flexible ducts extend in said second openings being axially aligned therewith, each said flexible duct having a cross section surface smaller than a corresponding surface of said second openings, to form with the latter a flow channel.
  • Said method further comprises the steps of deforming said flexible ducts by bending said flexible ducts at their top end portions, thereby overcoming any possible disalignments or offset between said first and second openings.
  • the method further comprises the steps of providing a first path for the first polymeric component said first path extending through said first openings and through the inside of said flexible hollow ducts, to be discharged from the latter and through the die openings, as well as providing a second flow path for the second polymeric component said second flow path extending through said second openings and about the outer surfaces of said flexible ducts, to be discharged from said second openings and through said die openings, thereby encompassing the flow of said first polymeric component passing through said die openings, thereby forming a sheath-core type of fiber or filament.
  • the method further comprises the steps of arranging the bottom ends of said flexible ducts in the corresponding bottom ends of said second openings, as well as of mechanically holding said bottom ends of said flexible ducts at centered position which are centered with respect to said second openings, in particular at a position axially aligned with said second openings and the corresponding die openings, even if the top ends of said flexible ducts are not axially aligned with said second openings.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view, as cross-sectioned, of a preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the invention, specifically designed for making fibers or filaments.
  • the apparatus comprises a die plate 10, oppositedly arranged to and under a pre-die plate 12.
  • a distributing or delivering system 14 for delivering molten polymers to said pre-die plate 12 is moreover provided.
  • a full die can be made by two rectangular die plates arranged in a mutual side-by-side arrangement, each rectangular component plate having a length from 1 to 6 meters or larger, and a width of about 300 mm.
  • On the bottom surface of the die-plate 10 are provided a plurality of die openings 16, each die opening 16 being arranged at the center of 5 mm of surface of the bottom of the plate 10.
  • the given dimensions are merely indicative of a typical manner for carrying out the invention. Actually, different dimensions or size can be provided, depending on the desired application.
  • the delivery or distributing system 14 as schematically shown in Figure 1, comprises delivery channels 18, a first molten polymeric component A flows inside a chamber 20 and, hence, through a plurality of openings 22, to a second chamber 24. Then, the component A will vertically flow, downward, from the second chamber 24 through a plurality of vertically arranged openings 26, having a respective outlet end 28, on the bottom surface of the pre-die plate 12.
  • the delivery system 14 comprises moreover a second plurality of ducts 30 therethrough a second molten polymeric component B flows toward the vertical openings 32 formed through the pre-die plate 12.
  • the die plate 10 is formed, on the top surface thereof, with a comparatively broad open chamber 34, receiving the component B from the openings 32 of the pre-die plate 12.
  • the bottom portion of the die plate 10 is provided with a plurality of vertically extending second openings 36, each of which communicates with the chamber 34 and the bottom end of which communicates with one of said die openings 16.
  • said first vertical openings 26 of the pre-die plate 12 will be generally axially aligned with the second vertical openings 36 of the die plate 10.
  • a flexible hollow duct 38 is assembled on the bottom end of each said first openings 26 of the pre-die plate 12.
  • the bottom ends of said flexible ducts 38 extend vertically in the second openings 36 of the die plate 10, being axially aligned therewith.
  • the flexible ducts 38 are preferably formed by a thin stainless steel sheet element, adapted to provide suitably flexible ducts, as it will become more apparent hereinafter. In this connection, however, it should be apparent that said ducts 38 can be made of any other suitable material.
  • the bottom end of said flexible ducts 38 is provided with a cross-sectional surface smaller than the corresponding surface of the second openings 36.
  • a flow channel 40 will be formed between the outer surface of the ducts 38 and inner surface of said vertical openings 36.
  • the bottom end of the ducts 38 is provided with a plurality of centering elements 42 outwardly directed, thereby engaging with the walls of the openings 36.
  • Said elements 42 are so dimensioned that they will easily center the bottom end of the corresponding duct 38 on the bottom end of the respective vertical opening 36, thereby holding said bottom ends of said ducts 38 in axial alignment with said openings 36, even if the top ends of the ducts 38 are not axially aligned with said openings, as it will become more apparent hereinafter.
  • Said centering elements 42 could anyhow have different configurations from the patterns shown in the figures, and they can comprise, for example, a polygonal cross-sectional or the like, having apex points engaging against the walls of the openings 36.
  • Each flexible duct 38 is provided, as shown, with an outlet or discharging opening 44 precisely arranged under the centering elements 42, thereby said opening will be arranged to direct the molten polymer flow from said openings towards the center of the adjoining die opening 16.
  • the first molten polymeric component A which in the figure is indicated by solid arrows, will flow in the pre-die plate 12 from the delivery ducts 18, where suitable filters (not shown) for filtering the molten component A could be provided. Said molten component A will accordingly vertically flow through the openings 22, then through the second chamber 24 and into the top ends of the first openings 26. Hence, the component A will downward flow through the inside of the flexible hollow ducts 38, to exit the openings 44 and entering the corresponding openings of the die 16, therethrough it will exit the die plate 10.
  • a second molten polymeric component B which, in the figures, has been shown by dashed line arrows, will flow through the delivery ducts 30 in the direction of the vertical openings 32 of the pre-die plate 12. Then, the component B will arrive at the opening chamber 34 of the top end of the die-plate 10 and then it will downward flow through the channels 40 formed between the flexible hollow ducts 38 and second openings 36.
  • the component B in particular, will be collected on the bottom ends of the latter openings, to be discharged through the openings of the die 16 thereby encompassing the component A as it exits the discharging or outlet openings 44 of the ducts 38 and inside the openings of the die 16.
  • the two components A and B exit the die plate 10 through the openings 16, they will form a continuous sheath core type of fiber or filament, where the component A forms the fiber core and the component B will form the fiber skin or sheath.
  • first openings 26 through the pre-die plate 12 must be axially aligned with the second openings 36 of the die plate 10, thereby providing a sheath-core fiber having the core thereof centered with respect to the skin and to the axis of said fiber.
  • said openings 26 and 36 have a very small diameter, and, accordingly, even a very slight disalignment thereof would cause the fiber core to be offset from the center of the fiber, as shown in Figure 4, with a lot of deleterious consequences, as above discussed.
  • said disalignments or offset of said openings can be overcome, without deleteriously affecting the centered relationship of the core component A and the skin or sheath component B. More specifically, since the top ends of the flexible hollow ducts 38 are arranged in the open chamber 34, then it can freely move inside said chamber if, for any reasons, the outlet ends 28 of the first openings 26 would be arranged disaligned from the second openings 36 of the die plate 10.
  • centering elements 42 will assure that the bottom ends of the ducts 38 will be held centered both with respect to the openings 36, and in axial alignment with the die openings 16, in the case in which the top ends of the flexible ducts 38 are deflected or deformed because of any possible disalignments of the openings 26 and 36.
  • the ducts 38 will allow the two fiber components, formed in the die plate 10, to be always arranged with the core component A in the center of the two component fibers, as shown in Figure 3, even if the small openings 26 and 36 are disaligned, thereby preventing any generations of fibers having the core component A offset from the center of the fiber ( Figure 4).
  • the continuous fibers or filaments made by the method and apparatus of the present invention are suitable, in particular, to be used as staple-fibers (cut-out fibers), spun-bonded fibers and non woven fabrics.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)
  • Duct Arrangements (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Endlosfasern oder -filamenten, die durch eine erste (A) und eine zweite (B) Komponente gebildet werden, wobei die Vorrichtung Folgendes umfaßt:
    (a) eine erste Platte (12), die einen Einlaß (18) zum Erhalten der ersten polymeren Komponente (A) und mehrere hindurchgehende erste Öffnungen (26) aufweist, wobei die erste Komponente (A) zu einem Auslaßende (28) in den Öffnungen (26) fließt;
    (b) eine zweite Platte (10), die der ersten Platte (12) gegenüberliegend montiert ist und mehrere zweite Öffnungen (36) aufweist, die axial mit den mehreren ersten Öffnungen (26) der ersten Platte (12) ausgerichtet sind, wobei die zweite Platte (10) mit einem Fließkanal versehen ist, der der zweiten polymeren Komponente (B) gestattet, sich abwärts zu den zweiten Öffnungen (36) zu bewegen und aus jeweiligen Auslaßenden der zweiten Öffnungen (36) auszutreten;
    gekennzeichnet durch
    (c) mehrere biegsame hohle Rohrleitungen (38), die mit einer axialen Anordnung in den mehreren zweiten Öffnungen (36) angebracht sind, wobei die Rohrleitungen (38) jeweilige Enden aufweisen, die an das Auslaßende (28) von einer der Öffnungen (26) angrenzen, wobei das andere Ende der Rohrleitungen (38) so angeordnet ist, daß es an die Auslaßenden der zweiten Öffnungen (36) angrenzt, wobei die biegsame Rohrleitung (38) eine Querschnittsfläche aufweist, die kleiner als die entsprechende Fläche der zweiten Öffnungen (36) ist, und im Wesentlichen ausreichend biegsam ist, um jegliche Nichtausrichtungen der ersten Öffnungen (26) und der zweiten Öffnungen (36) zu überwinden, ohne die Flüsse der ersten und der zweiten polymeren Komponente negativ zu beeinflussen.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, wobei jede der biegsamen hohlen Rohrleitungen (38) mit Zentriermitteln (42) versehen ist, die am anderen Ende der Rohrleitungen angeordnet sind, wobei sich die Zentriermittel auswärts erstrecken, um mit den Wänden der zweiten Öffnungen (36) einzugreifen, und so in der Größe bemessen sind, daß sie die anderen Enden der Rohrleitungen (38) in den entsprechenden zweiten Öffnungen (36) zentrieren.
  3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, wobei die Zentriermittel (42) so in der Größe bemessen sind, daß sie das andere Ende jeder biegsamen Rohrleitung (38) sogar dann axial mit dem zweiten Öffnungen (36) ausgerichtet halten, wenn das Ende der biegsamen Rohrleitung nicht axial mit den zweiten Öffnungen ausgerichtet ist.
  4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, wobei die biegsamen Rohrleitungen (38) in den ersten Öffnungen der ersten Platte (12) an deren Auslaßenden (28) angebracht sind.
  5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, wobei die zweite Platte (10) Mundstücköffnungen (16) umfaßt, die an die Auslaßenden der zweiten Öffnungen (36) angrenzen und mit den zweiten Öffnungen (36) in Verbindung stehen, um der zweiten polymeren Komponente (B) zu gestatten, von den zweiten Öffnungen (36) in die entsprechenden Mundstücköffnungen (16) zu fließen, wobei das andere Ende jeder biegsamen Rohrleitung (38) mit einer Auslaßöffnung (44) versehen ist, die den Fluß der ersten polymeren Komponente in die entsprechende Mundstücköffnung (16) in den Fluß der zweiten polymeren Komponente (B) richtet.
  6. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer aus zwei polymeren Komponenten gebildeten Faser oder eines Filaments, wobei das Verfahren die folgenden Schritte umfaßt:
    (a) Anordnen einer ersten oberen Platte, die mit mehreren ersten Öffnungen versehen ist, an einer Position, die direkt an eine zweite untere Platte angrenzt, welche mit mehreren zweiten Öffnungen und, an ihrer unteren Fläche, mit mehreren Mundstücköffnungen versehen ist, wobei die ersten und zweiten Öffnungen axial ausgerichtet sind;
    (b) Anordnen mehrerer biegsamer hohler Rohrleitungen in einer solchen Weise, daß ein Ende jeder Rohrleitung mit jeder ersten Öffnung verbunden ist, sich jede Rohrleitung in die zweiten Öffnungen erstreckt und damit axial ausgerichtet ist, und wobei die Rohrleitung darüber hinaus mit einer Querschnittsfläche versehen ist, die geringer als die entsprechende Querschnittsfläche der zweiten Öffnungen ist, um mit den zweiten Öffnungen einen Fließkanal zu bilden;
    (c) Biegen der biegsamen Rohrleitung an einer Position, die an das obere Ende der biegsamen Rohrleitung angrenzt, um jegliche mögliche axiale Nichtausrichtung der ersten und zweiten Öffnungen zu überwinden;
    (d) Bereitstellen eines ersten Fließwegs für die erste polymere Komponente (A), der sich durch die ersten Öffnungen und im Inneren der biegsamen hohlen Rohrleitungen erstreckt, damit diese aus den biegsamen hohlen Rohrleitungen und von den Mundstücköffnungen ausgestoßen wird; und
    (e) Bereitstellen eines zweiten Fließwegs für die zweite polymere Komponente (B), der sich durch die zweiten Öffnungen und um die äußere Oberfläche der biegsamen Rohrleitungen erstreckt, um die zweite polymere Komponente von den zweiten Öffnungen und den Mundstücköffnungen auszustoßen, wodurch der Fluß der ersten polymeren Komponente von den Mundstücköffnungen umschlossen wird.
  7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, umfassend folgende Schritte: Anordnen der unteren Enden der biegsamen Rohrleitungen an den unteren Enden der zweiten Öffnungen; mechanisches Halten der unteren Enden der biegsamen Rohrleitungen an einer Position, die in Bezug auf die zweiten Öffnungen zentriert ist; und mechanisches Halten des unteren Endes jeder biegsamen Rohrleitung an einer Position, die sogar dann axial mit den zweiten Öffnungen und den Mundstücköffnungen ausgerichtet ist, wenn die oberen Enden der biegsamen Rohrleitungen nicht axial mit zweiten Öffnungen ausgerichtet sind.
EP98123739A 1998-10-19 1998-12-14 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Bikomponenten-Endlosfasern unter Verwendung von biegsamen Rohrleitungen Expired - Lifetime EP0995822B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITMI982237 1998-10-19
IT1998MI002237A IT1302696B1 (it) 1998-10-19 1998-10-19 Apparecchiatura e procedimento per la realizzazione di fibre ofilamenti continui bicomponenti con l'uso di inserti di condotti

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EP0995822A1 EP0995822A1 (de) 2000-04-26
EP0995822B1 true EP0995822B1 (de) 2005-01-26

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EP98123739A Expired - Lifetime EP0995822B1 (de) 1998-10-19 1998-12-14 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Bikomponenten-Endlosfasern unter Verwendung von biegsamen Rohrleitungen

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EP (1) EP0995822B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE287978T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69828790T2 (de)
DK (1) DK0995822T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2234066T3 (de)
IT (1) IT1302696B1 (de)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10154859B4 (de) * 2000-11-11 2011-03-10 Wetzel Ag Zunzgen Vorrichtung zum Schmelzspinnen von Mehrkomponentenfäden
WO2008072278A2 (en) 2006-12-15 2008-06-19 Fare' S.P.A. Process and apparatus for the production of nonwoven fabrics from extruded filaments
DE102013011956A1 (de) 2012-08-23 2014-02-27 Oerlikon Textile Gmbh & Co. Kg Spinndüsenvorrichtung
EP3479991A1 (de) * 2017-11-03 2019-05-08 Polytex Sportbeläge Produktions-GmbH Polymerkoextrusionskopf mit zweikanaldüse

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1570511A (de) * 1967-02-25 1969-06-13
DE3710946A1 (de) * 1987-04-01 1988-10-13 Neumuenster Masch App Duesenpaket zum spinnen von bikomponentenfaeden mit kern-mantel-struktur
JPH03104912A (ja) * 1989-09-13 1991-05-01 Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk 鞘芯複合糸紡糸用口金装置
JP2540384B2 (ja) * 1990-11-29 1996-10-02 株式会社クラレ 芯鞘型複合繊維の製造方法および口金装置

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Publication number Publication date
DE69828790D1 (de) 2005-03-03
ES2234066T3 (es) 2005-06-16
IT1302696B1 (it) 2000-09-29
ITMI982237A1 (it) 2000-04-19
DE69828790T2 (de) 2005-11-24
EP0995822A1 (de) 2000-04-26
ITMI982237A0 (it) 1998-10-19
ATE287978T1 (de) 2005-02-15
DK0995822T3 (da) 2005-05-23

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