EP0991787A1 - Method for treating molten lead with calcium - Google Patents

Method for treating molten lead with calcium

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Publication number
EP0991787A1
EP0991787A1 EP98932251A EP98932251A EP0991787A1 EP 0991787 A1 EP0991787 A1 EP 0991787A1 EP 98932251 A EP98932251 A EP 98932251A EP 98932251 A EP98932251 A EP 98932251A EP 0991787 A1 EP0991787 A1 EP 0991787A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
calcium
lead
sheath
alloy
alloys
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP98932251A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jacques Rapp
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ferroglobe France SAS
Original Assignee
Pechiney Electrometallurgie SAS
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Publication date
Application filed by Pechiney Electrometallurgie SAS filed Critical Pechiney Electrometallurgie SAS
Publication of EP0991787A1 publication Critical patent/EP0991787A1/en
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B13/00—Obtaining lead
    • C22B13/06—Refining

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for treating lead in the molten state using calcium or calcium alloys, in particular the refining of lead and the preparation of lead-calcium alloys.
  • Patent FR 2514786 from the company Extramet proposes using an Mg-Ca alloy containing 25 to 45% Ca in the form of granules injected into the molten lead bath using a carrier gas for the debismuthage of the lead. inert. The manufacture of such granules is described in patent EP 0048713 from the same company. The injection technique effectively improves the yield of treatment, but it requires investment in expensive injection equipment. Subject of the invention
  • the object of the present invention is to allow an efficient, simple and economical treatment of lead with calcium while avoiding loss of calcium by oxidation.
  • the subject of the invention is a process for treating molten lead with calcium or calcium alloys in which the calcium or its alloys are introduced into the bath continuously and regularly using a cored wire consisting of a charge of calcium or calcium alloys surrounded by a sheath of fusible or decomposable material at a temperature below 700 ° C.
  • the invention is based on the idea of using, to avoid premature oxidation of calcium and its alloys on the surface of the lead bath, the cored wire technique commonly used in the steel industry with the aim of obtaining more penetration. depth of the product in liquid iron.
  • steel sheathed wires filled with calcium powder are used, often mixed with other powdered products such as iron, lime aluminate or fluxes.
  • Pfizer patent EP 0137618 describes an example of the use of this cored wire technique.
  • the wires to steel sheath used in the steel industry is not suitable for the treatment of lead, because they lead to an undesirable supply of iron in the lead and the dissolution of the wire is too slow taking into account the temperature of the bath to be treated.
  • the cored wire technique can be used effectively and safely provided that the sheath can disappear quickly enough in contact with liquid lead from its melting temperature (327 ° C ), while remaining for some time in the molten bath to allow reaching a sufficient injection depth.
  • Good results have been obtained with polymer sheaths, for example polyethylene or polypropylene, or with metallic sheaths with melting point below 700 ° C, for example lead, aluminum or zinc.
  • the plastic sheathed wires can be produced either by forming a polymer sheet, or by using a preformed tube, or by a co-extrusion technique, such as that described in patent EP 0559589 in the name of the applicant.
  • the metallic sheathed wires can be manufactured according to the usual technique for the sheathed steel sheathed wires, that is to say by roller profiling of a tube with contiguous edges not welded from a metallic strip.
  • the charge of calcium or of a calcium alloy can consist of powder or of a mixture of powders of pure metals or their alloys. It can also consist of a solid calcium or calcium alloy wire obtained by extrusion.
  • a cored wire according to the invention makes it possible to improve the efficiency of addition of calcium, magnesium and / or aluminum both in the refining of lead and in the development of Pb- alloys. It.
  • the calcium and magnesium contents are respectively 420 and 830 ppm, ie an addition yield of 80.5% in Ca and 82% in Mg.
  • Example 2 An operation identical to that of Example 1 was carried out with a piece of Mg-Ca alloy at 34%> by weight of calcium. Analysis of the lead after treatment leads to a content of 450 ppm of Ca and 870 ppm of Mg, i.e. an addition yield of 86.5% in Ca and 86.1% in Mg
  • Example 2 An operation identical to that of Example 1 was repeated with a cored wire with lead sheath loaded with 34%> by weight of calcium in grains of size between 0.4 and 2 mm, and 66%> of magnesium in grains of size between 0.3 and 0.8 mm
  • Analysis of the lead at the end of the treatment indicates a content of 470 ppm of Ca and 900 ppm of Mg, ie an addition yield of 90.3%> in Ca and 89, 1% in Mg, which represents a significant increase compared to the mixture of Example 1 or of the alloy of Example 2
  • Example 3 The test of Example 3 was repeated with a composite wire consisting of a solid wire of Mg-Ca alloy with 34% Ca, extruded to a diameter of 12 mm and sheathed with a lead strip of thickness 0.5 mm Analysis of the lead after treatment gives a content of 485 ppm of Ca and 930 ppm of Mg, i.e. an addition yield of 93.2%) of Ca and 92% of Mg
  • Example 4 The test of Example 4 is repeated with an extruded wire sheathed with lead of an Mg-Ca alloy containing 20.6% o of Ca Analysis of the lead after treatment gives a content of 295 ppm of Ca and 1,120 ppm of Mg, ie an addition yield of 93% in Ca and 91.7% in Mg It is found that the decrease in the Ca content of the Mg-Ca alloy does not cause any significant difference in the addition yields, or in the dissolution rates.
  • This example and the following ones relate to the addition of calcium and aluminum in the molten lead to produce an alloy containing 0.1% Ca and 0.05% Al.
  • a charge of 65 kg of lead was melted which was maintained at a temperature of 550 ° C.
  • it was necessary to introduce 122 g of Ca and 65 g of Al in pieces ie an addition yield of 53.3% in Ca and 50%> in Al. If we replace the pieces with shot, only 89 g of Ca and 48 g of Al are needed, ie an addition yield of 73% in Ca and 67.7% in Al.
  • Example 6 To obtain the same lead alloy as in Example 6, a cored wire with a diameter of 13 mm was used, consisting of an aluminum sheath of 0.7 mm thickness and a load of calcium pellets with particle size ⁇ 2 mm, or 148 g of Ca and 77 g of Al per meter of wire. 0.46 m of wire was required to reach the desired composition of the lead alloy, ie an addition yield of 95% o in Ca and 91% in Al.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a method for treating molten lead with calcium or its alloys, which consists in introducing the calcium in the bath constantly and continuously in the form of a core welding wire comprising a filler of calcium or calcium alloy inside a sheath meltable or decomposable at a temperature less than 700 °C. The additive efficiency of calcium or alloy elements such as magnesium or aluminium is improved.

Description

Procédé de traitement du plomb fondu par le calcium Process for treating molten lead with calcium
Domaine de l'inventionField of the invention
L'invention concerne un procédé de traitement du plomb à l'état fondu utilisant le calcium ou les alliages de calcium, notamment l'affinage du plomb et la préparation d'alliages plomb-calcium.The invention relates to a method for treating lead in the molten state using calcium or calcium alloys, in particular the refining of lead and the preparation of lead-calcium alloys.
Etat de la techniqueState of the art
L'utilisation simultanée de calcium et de magnésium pour l'affinage du plomb, notamment pour en éliminer le bismuth, est connue depuis plus de 60 ans, c'est-à-dire depuis la mise au point du procédé Kroll-Betterton. La fabrication d'alliages plomb- calcium, en particulier les alliages faiblement alliés en calcium destinés à la préparation des grilles de batteries au plomb, nécessite l'addition dans le plomb fondu de calcium et éventuellement d'aluminium. Dans ces deux cas, le calcium, le magnésium ou l'aluminium sont ajoutés sous forme de morceaux massifs de métaux purs ou d'alliages entre ces métaux, principalement alliages Ca-Mg et Ca-Al. La difficulté principale rencontrée lors de l'introduction de ces métaux ou alliages dans le bain de plomb tient à l'importante différence de leur densité (1,5 pour Ca et 1,7 pour Mg) par rapport à celle du plomb (10,5), ce qui tend à les maintenir à la surface du bain et entraîne des pertes importantes par oxydation à l'air. Le brevet FR 2514786 de la société Extramet propose d'utiliser pour le débismuthage du plomb un alliage Mg-Ca contenant de 25 à 45% de Ca sous forme de granules injectés dans le bain de plomb fondu à l'aide d'un gaz porteur inerte. La fabrication de tels granulés est décrite dans le brevet EP 0048713 de la même société. La technique d'injection permet effectivement d'améliorer le rendement du traitement, mais elle oblige à investir dans un matériel d'injection coûteux. Objet de l'inventionThe simultaneous use of calcium and magnesium for refining lead, in particular for eliminating bismuth, has been known for more than 60 years, that is to say since the development of the Kroll-Betterton process. The manufacture of lead-calcium alloys, in particular the low-calcium alloys intended for the preparation of lead battery grids, requires the addition of molten lead of calcium and possibly aluminum. In these two cases, calcium, magnesium or aluminum are added in the form of massive pieces of pure metals or of alloys between these metals, mainly Ca-Mg and Ca-Al alloys. The main difficulty encountered during the introduction of these metals or alloys into the lead bath is due to the significant difference in their density (1.5 for Ca and 1.7 for Mg) compared to that of lead (10, 5), which tends to keep them on the surface of the bath and causes significant losses by air oxidation. Patent FR 2514786 from the company Extramet proposes using an Mg-Ca alloy containing 25 to 45% Ca in the form of granules injected into the molten lead bath using a carrier gas for the debismuthage of the lead. inert. The manufacture of such granules is described in patent EP 0048713 from the same company. The injection technique effectively improves the yield of treatment, but it requires investment in expensive injection equipment. Subject of the invention
Le but de la présente invention est de permettre un traitement efficace, simple et économique du plomb par le calcium en évitant les pertes de calcium par oxydation. L'invention a pour objet un procédé de traitement du plomb fondu par le calcium ou les alliages de calcium dans lequel le calcium ou ses alliages sont introduits dans le bain de manière continue et régulière à l'aide d'un fil fourré constitué d'une charge de calcium ou d'alliages de calcium entourée d'une gaine en matériau fusible ou decomposable à une température inférieure à 700°C.The object of the present invention is to allow an efficient, simple and economical treatment of lead with calcium while avoiding loss of calcium by oxidation. The subject of the invention is a process for treating molten lead with calcium or calcium alloys in which the calcium or its alloys are introduced into the bath continuously and regularly using a cored wire consisting of a charge of calcium or calcium alloys surrounded by a sheath of fusible or decomposable material at a temperature below 700 ° C.
Description de l'inventionDescription of the invention
L'invention repose sur l'idée d'utiliser, pour éviter l'oxydation prématurée du calcium et de ses alliages à la surface du bain de plomb, la technique de fil fourré utilisée couramment en sidérurgie dans le but d'obtenir une pénétration plus profonde du produit dans la fonte liquide. On utilise par exemple, pour l'affinage de l'acier, des fils fourrés à gaine acier remplis de poudre de calcium, souvent mélangée à d'autres produits en poudre tels que le fer, l'aluminate de chaux ou des flux. Le brevet EP 0137618 de Pfizer décrit un exemple d'utilisation de cette technique de fil fourré. On peut utiliser également du fil de calcium massif obtenu par extrusion, comme indiqué dans les demandes de brevet japonaises JP 54-072708, JP 54-072710 et JP 54-072750 d'Hitachi Cable ou le brevet RU 2011685. Cependant, les fils à gaine acier utilisés en sidérurgie ne conviennent pas au traitement du plomb, car ils conduisent à un apport indésirable de fer dans le plomb et la dissolution du fil est trop lente compte tenu de la température du bain à traiter.The invention is based on the idea of using, to avoid premature oxidation of calcium and its alloys on the surface of the lead bath, the cored wire technique commonly used in the steel industry with the aim of obtaining more penetration. depth of the product in liquid iron. For example, for refining steel, steel sheathed wires filled with calcium powder are used, often mixed with other powdered products such as iron, lime aluminate or fluxes. Pfizer patent EP 0137618 describes an example of the use of this cored wire technique. One can also use solid calcium wire obtained by extrusion, as indicated in the Japanese patent applications JP 54-072708, JP 54-072710 and JP 54-072750 of Hitachi Cable or the patent RU 2011685. However, the wires to steel sheath used in the steel industry is not suitable for the treatment of lead, because they lead to an undesirable supply of iron in the lead and the dissolution of the wire is too slow taking into account the temperature of the bath to be treated.
La demanderesse a constaté que, pour le traitement du plomb, la technique du fil fourré pouvait être utilisée de manière efficace et sûre à condition que la gaine puisse disparaître assez vite au contact du plomb liquide à partir de sa température de fusion (327°C), tout en subsistant un certain temps dans le bain fondu pour permettre d'atteindre une profondeur d'injection suffisante. De bons résultats ont été obtenus avec des gaines en polymères, par exemple en polyéthylène ou en polypropylène, ou avec des gaines métalliques à point de fusion inférieur à 700°C, par exemple en plomb, en aluminium ou en zinc.The Applicant has found that, for the treatment of lead, the cored wire technique can be used effectively and safely provided that the sheath can disappear quickly enough in contact with liquid lead from its melting temperature (327 ° C ), while remaining for some time in the molten bath to allow reaching a sufficient injection depth. Good results have been obtained with polymer sheaths, for example polyethylene or polypropylene, or with metallic sheaths with melting point below 700 ° C, for example lead, aluminum or zinc.
Les fils à gaine plastique peuvent être réalisés soit par formage d'une feuille de polymère, soit en utilisant un tube préformé, soit par une technique de co-extrusion, comme celle décrite dans le brevet EP 0559589 au nom de la demanderesse. Les fils à gaine métallique peuvent être fabriqués selon la technique habituelle pour les fils fourrés à gaine acier, c'est-à-dire par profilage au galet d'un tube à bords jointifs non soudés à partir d'une bande métallique.The plastic sheathed wires can be produced either by forming a polymer sheet, or by using a preformed tube, or by a co-extrusion technique, such as that described in patent EP 0559589 in the name of the applicant. The metallic sheathed wires can be manufactured according to the usual technique for the sheathed steel sheathed wires, that is to say by roller profiling of a tube with contiguous edges not welded from a metallic strip.
La charge en calcium ou en alliage de calcium, tels que les alliages Ca-Al ou Ca-Mg peut être constituée de poudre ou d'un mélange de poudres des métaux purs ou de leurs alliages. Elle peut être également constituée d'un fil massif de calcium ou d'alliage de calcium obtenu par extrusion.The charge of calcium or of a calcium alloy, such as the Ca-Al or Ca-Mg alloys can consist of powder or of a mixture of powders of pure metals or their alloys. It can also consist of a solid calcium or calcium alloy wire obtained by extrusion.
L'utilisation d'un fil fourré selon l'invention permet d'améliorer le rendement d'addition du calcium, du magnésium et/ou de l'aluminium aussi bien dans l'affinage du plomb que dans l'élaboration des alliages Pb-Ca.The use of a cored wire according to the invention makes it possible to improve the efficiency of addition of calcium, magnesium and / or aluminum both in the refining of lead and in the development of Pb- alloys. It.
ExemplesExamples
Exemple 1Example 1
Dans un four à induction équipé d'un creuset d'une capacité de 10 1, on a fondu 65 kg de plomb à une température de 420°C. La puissance du four a été ensuite ajustée pour maintenir cette température. On a ajouté à la surface du bain un morceau de calcium de 34 g et un morceau de magnésium de 66 g. Après 30 mn de maintien, la surface du bain a été décrassée, puis le métal a été brassé et on a prélevé un échantillon pour analyse.In an induction furnace equipped with a crucible with a capacity of 10 1, 65 kg of lead were melted at a temperature of 420 ° C. The oven power was then adjusted to maintain this temperature. A 34 g piece of calcium and a 66 g piece of magnesium were added to the surface of the bath. After 30 minutes of holding, the surface of the bath was cleaned, then the metal was stirred and a sample was taken for analysis.
Les teneurs en calcium et magnésium sont respectivement de 420 et 830 ppm soit un rendement d'addition de 80,5% en Ca et 82% en Mg.The calcium and magnesium contents are respectively 420 and 830 ppm, ie an addition yield of 80.5% in Ca and 82% in Mg.
Exemple 2 Une opération identique à celle de l'exemple 1 a été réalisée avec un morceau d'alliage Mg-Ca à 34%> en poids de calcium L'analyse du plomb après traitement conduit à une teneur de 450 ppm de Ca et 870 ppm de Mg, soit un rendement d'addition de 86,5% en Ca et 86,1% en MgExample 2 An operation identical to that of Example 1 was carried out with a piece of Mg-Ca alloy at 34%> by weight of calcium. Analysis of the lead after treatment leads to a content of 450 ppm of Ca and 870 ppm of Mg, i.e. an addition yield of 86.5% in Ca and 86.1% in Mg
Exemple 3Example 3
Une opération identique à celle de l'exemple 1 a été reproduite avec un fil fourré à gaine plomb chargé de 34%> en poids de calcium en grains de taille comprise entre 0,4 et 2 mm, et de 66%> de magnésium en grains de taille comprise entre 0,3 et 0,8 mm Le fil de diamètre extérieur 13 mm, logé dans une gaine d'épaisseur 0,5 mm, est maintenu en position verticale au dessus du bain de plomb et laissé libre de descendre dans ce bain au fur et à mesure de sa dissolution L'analyse du plomb en fin de traitement indique une teneur de 470 ppm de Ca et 900 ppm de Mg, soit un rendement d'addition de 90,3%> en Ca et 89,1% en Mg, ce qui représente une augmentation sensible par rapport au mélange de l'exemple 1 ou de l'alliage de l'exemple 2An operation identical to that of Example 1 was repeated with a cored wire with lead sheath loaded with 34%> by weight of calcium in grains of size between 0.4 and 2 mm, and 66%> of magnesium in grains of size between 0.3 and 0.8 mm The wire with an external diameter of 13 mm, housed in a sheath of thickness 0.5 mm, is kept in vertical position above the lead bath and left free to descend into this bath as it dissolves Analysis of the lead at the end of the treatment indicates a content of 470 ppm of Ca and 900 ppm of Mg, ie an addition yield of 90.3%> in Ca and 89, 1% in Mg, which represents a significant increase compared to the mixture of Example 1 or of the alloy of Example 2
Exemple 4Example 4
On a reproduit l'essai de l'exemple 3 avec un fil composite constitué d'un fil massif d'alliage Mg-Ca à 34% de Ca, extrudé à un diamètre de 12 mm et gainé d'une bande de plomb d'épaisseur 0,5 mm L'analyse du plomb après traitement donne une teneur de 485 ppm de Ca et de 930 ppm de Mg, soit un rendement d'addition de 93,2%) en Ca et 92% en MgThe test of Example 3 was repeated with a composite wire consisting of a solid wire of Mg-Ca alloy with 34% Ca, extruded to a diameter of 12 mm and sheathed with a lead strip of thickness 0.5 mm Analysis of the lead after treatment gives a content of 485 ppm of Ca and 930 ppm of Mg, i.e. an addition yield of 93.2%) of Ca and 92% of Mg
Exemple 5Example 5
On reproduit l'essai de l'exemple 4 avec un fil extrudé gainé de plomb en alliage Mg- Ca à 20,6%o de Ca L'analyse du plomb après traitement donne une teneur de 295 ppm de Ca et de 1 120 ppm de Mg, soit un rendement d'addition de 93% en Ca et 91,7% en Mg On constate que la diminution de la teneur en Ca de l'alliage Mg-Ca n'entraîne aucune différence significative dans les rendements d'addition, ni dans les vitesses de dissolution.The test of Example 4 is repeated with an extruded wire sheathed with lead of an Mg-Ca alloy containing 20.6% o of Ca Analysis of the lead after treatment gives a content of 295 ppm of Ca and 1,120 ppm of Mg, ie an addition yield of 93% in Ca and 91.7% in Mg It is found that the decrease in the Ca content of the Mg-Ca alloy does not cause any significant difference in the addition yields, or in the dissolution rates.
Exemple 6Example 6
Cet exemple et les suivants concernent l'addition de calcium et d'aluminium dans le plomb fondu pour réaliser un alliage contenant 0, 1% de Ca et 0,05%> d'Al. Dans le même four à induction que celui de l'exemple 1, on a fondu une charge de 65 kg de plomb qu'on a maintenue à une température de 550°C. Pour obtenir l'alliage à la composition désirée, il a fallu introduire 122 g de Ca et 65 g d'Al en morceaux, soit un rendement d'addition de 53,3% en Ca et 50%> en Al. Si on remplace les morceaux par de la grenaille, il ne faut que 89 g de Ca et 48 g d'Al, soit un rendement d'addition de 73% en Ca et 67,7% en Al.This example and the following ones relate to the addition of calcium and aluminum in the molten lead to produce an alloy containing 0.1% Ca and 0.05% Al. In the same induction furnace as that of Example 1, a charge of 65 kg of lead was melted which was maintained at a temperature of 550 ° C. To obtain the alloy with the desired composition, it was necessary to introduce 122 g of Ca and 65 g of Al in pieces, ie an addition yield of 53.3% in Ca and 50%> in Al. If we replace the pieces with shot, only 89 g of Ca and 48 g of Al are needed, ie an addition yield of 73% in Ca and 67.7% in Al.
Exemple 7Example 7
Pour obtenir un alliage de plomb à 0,14% de Ca et 0,04%> d'Al, on a introduit 146 g de morceaux d'alliage Ca-Al à 27% d'Al, soit un rendement de 85% en Ca et de 77% en Al.To obtain a lead alloy with 0.14% Ca and 0.04%> Al, 146 g of pieces of Ca-Al alloy containing 27% Al were introduced, ie a yield of 85%. Ca and 77% Al.
Exemple 8Example 8
Au lieu des grenailles de calcium et d'aluminium introduites directement dans le bain de l'exemple 6, on a utilisé un fil à gaine de plomb contenant 69 g de grenailles de Ca et 38 g de grenailles d'Al, soit un rendement de 94%> en Ca et de 85% en Al. On constate que l'utilisation d'un fil fourré conduit à une amélioration significative du rendement d'addition des 2 éléments.Instead of the calcium and aluminum pellets introduced directly into the bath of Example 6, a lead sheath wire containing 69 g of Ca pellets and 38 g of Al pellets was used, giving a yield of 94%> in Ca and 85% in Al. It can be seen that the use of a cored wire leads to a significant improvement in the efficiency of addition of the 2 elements.
Exemple 9Example 9
Pour obtenir le même alliage de plomb que dans l'exemple 6, on a utilisé un fil fourré de diamètre 13 mm, constitué d'une gaine d'aluminium d'épaisseur 0,7 mm et d'une charge de grenaille de calcium de granulométrie < 2 mm, soit 148 g de Ca et 77 g d'Al par mètre de fil. Il a fallu 0,46 m de fil pour atteindre la composition désirée de l'alliage de plomb, soit un rendement d'addition de 95%o en Ca et 91% en Al. To obtain the same lead alloy as in Example 6, a cored wire with a diameter of 13 mm was used, consisting of an aluminum sheath of 0.7 mm thickness and a load of calcium pellets with particle size <2 mm, or 148 g of Ca and 77 g of Al per meter of wire. 0.46 m of wire was required to reach the desired composition of the lead alloy, ie an addition yield of 95% o in Ca and 91% in Al.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Procédé de traitement du plomb à l'état fondu par le calcium ou ses alliages, caractérisé en ce que le calcium est introduit dans le bain de manière régulière et continue sous forme d'un fil fourré comportant une charge de calcium ou d'alliage de calcium à l'intérieur d'une gaine fusible ou decomposable à une température inférieure à 700°C.1. Process for treating lead in the molten state with calcium or its alloys, characterized in that the calcium is introduced into the bath in a regular and continuous manner in the form of a cored wire comprising a charge of calcium or calcium alloy inside a fusible or decomposable sheath at a temperature below 700 ° C.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la gaine du fil fourré est en polymère.2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the sheath of the cored wire is made of polymer.
3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la charge et la gaine polymère sont co-extrudées.3. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that the filler and the polymer sheath are co-extruded.
4. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la gaine est en plomb.4. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the sheath is made of lead.
5. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la gaine est en aluminium.5. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the sheath is made of aluminum.
6. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la gaine est en zinc.6. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the sheath is made of zinc.
7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que la charge est constituée de poudre de calcium ou d'alliage de calcium, ou d'un mélange de poudres de calcium et de magnésium ou d'aluminium.7. Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the filler consists of calcium powder or calcium alloy, or a mixture of calcium and magnesium or aluminum powders.
8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la charge de calcium ou d'alliage de calcium est un fil massif extrudé. 8. Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the calcium or calcium alloy charge is a solid extruded wire.
EP98932251A 1997-06-23 1998-06-23 Method for treating molten lead with calcium Withdrawn EP0991787A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9708071 1997-06-23
FR9708071A FR2764905B1 (en) 1997-06-23 1997-06-23 PROCESS FOR TREATING MOLTEN LEAD WITH CALCIUM AND CALCIUM-BASED WIRE FOR SUCH TREATMENT
PCT/FR1998/001304 WO1998059082A1 (en) 1997-06-23 1998-06-23 Method for treating molten lead with calcium

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0991787A1 true EP0991787A1 (en) 2000-04-12

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EP98932251A Withdrawn EP0991787A1 (en) 1997-06-23 1998-06-23 Method for treating molten lead with calcium

Country Status (4)

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EP (1) EP0991787A1 (en)
AU (1) AU8221198A (en)
FR (1) FR2764905B1 (en)
WO (1) WO1998059082A1 (en)

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DE102011080406A1 (en) 2011-08-04 2013-02-07 Bayer Pharma AG Substituted 3- (biphenyl-3-yl) -4-hydroxy-8-methoxy-1-azaspiro8 [4.5] dec-3-ene-2-ones

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FR2764905A1 (en) 1998-12-24
FR2764905B1 (en) 1999-07-23
WO1998059082A1 (en) 1998-12-30
AU8221198A (en) 1999-01-04

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