EP0991026B1 - Système de contrôle d'autorisation - Google Patents
Système de contrôle d'autorisation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0991026B1 EP0991026B1 EP99115748A EP99115748A EP0991026B1 EP 0991026 B1 EP0991026 B1 EP 0991026B1 EP 99115748 A EP99115748 A EP 99115748A EP 99115748 A EP99115748 A EP 99115748A EP 0991026 B1 EP0991026 B1 EP 0991026B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- signal
- fire arm
- interface means
- person
- code data
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A17/00—Safety arrangements, e.g. safeties
- F41A17/06—Electric or electromechanical safeties
- F41A17/063—Electric or electromechanical safeties comprising a transponder
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B3/00—Footwear characterised by the shape or the use
- A43B3/34—Footwear characterised by the shape or the use with electrical or electronic arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41B—WEAPONS FOR PROJECTING MISSILES WITHOUT USE OF EXPLOSIVE OR COMBUSTIBLE PROPELLANT CHARGE; WEAPONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F41B11/00—Compressed-gas guns, e.g. air guns; Steam guns
- F41B11/50—Magazines for compressed-gas guns; Arrangements for feeding or loading projectiles from magazines
- F41B11/57—Electronic or electric systems for feeding or loading
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41B—WEAPONS FOR PROJECTING MISSILES WITHOUT USE OF EXPLOSIVE OR COMBUSTIBLE PROPELLANT CHARGE; WEAPONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F41B11/00—Compressed-gas guns, e.g. air guns; Steam guns
- F41B11/70—Details not provided for in F41B11/50 or F41B11/60
- F41B11/71—Electric or electronic control systems, e.g. for safety purposes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
- G07C9/20—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass
- G07C9/28—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass the pass enabling tracking or indicating presence
Definitions
- the present invention relates in general to authorization control systems, and in particular to authorization control systems for preventing unauthorized using of devices. Even more particularly, the invention relates to authorization control systems for preventing unauthorized use of devices like fire arms, cars or other precious or dangerous devices.
- the European Patent Application EP 0 843 425 A2 discloses an electronic communication apparatus using the human body as a transmission medium.
- a person carries close to the body a personal area network instrumentality, for example in form of a card, formatted like the commonly used cheque cards.
- it is proposed to couple small currents into the human body, preferably by electrostatic field coupling, which current is a modulation of a signal which carries the personal, secrete ID acting as a PIN in a communication method to an external device, the use of which should be authorized by testing, if the PIN extracted from the current is identical to a PIN, stored in the external device.
- the method and device disclosed in this prior art document needs a control-panel including a contact and arranged for establishing an electrical coupling with the person.
- this system is not suited to be used as an authorization control-system for personal use of firearm devices, as the electrical circuit carrying the PIN in the prior art document is closed by the earth and the legs of the human person.
- the disclosure of above mentioned European Patent Application is not usable for a firearm the use of which is intended to be authorized automatically.
- the person who is authorized to use his fire arm wears near of his body a small transmitter embedded with a microchip in which secret, personal code data relating strictly only to this person or in case of a policeman relating to a group of policemen or eventually relating to any policeman is stored. In the fire arm, the same personal code data is stored.
- the transfer is achieved via a pair of electrical coupling devices which can be an ordinary metal contact, or, advantageously via a pair of electrodes, one coupling the stored data from the person's data carrier into his own body, and the second electrode receiving a signal, representing the personal code data from the body and conducting them into an evaluation circuit arranged in the fire arm.
- the authorization data are compared.
- a special purpose lock/unlock mechanism e.g. engaging a part of the trigger bar or a different part of the mechanic effectuation chain - beginning with the trigger and ending with the firing pin - inside the fire arm is enabled.
- the receiver in the fire arm does not receive any data or it receives data which is not identical to that one stored in the fire arm the lock/unlock mechanism will not be enabled, so the trigger of the fire arm remains locked and the person cannot shoot.
- the default position of the lock/unlock-mechanism can be an already unlocked position of e.g. the trigger or the like, which will be locked, when the data compare yields that the person who wants to shoot with the fire arm is not authorized to do it.
- the system comprises a data storage 10, the data of which can be accessed by a controller 12.
- the data storage is a PROM non volatile memory which stores the personal code data of the authorized person in form of a bit sequence of a predetermined length, e.g.256 bit.
- Controller 12 comprises a transmitter which couples signals, representing the personal code data through a transmitter electrode 14 into the body 16 of the authorized person.
- the resonant tank circuit produces a clean sine wave output from a square wave input minimizing RF harmonics, and boosts the output voltage in proportion to the Q of the tank.
- the transmit voltage can also be digitally programmed by varying the pulse width of the driving square wave.
- the transmit electrode couples the modulated voltage capacitively into the authorized person's body. This so called PAN-technology (Personal Area Network) was described in more detail relating to data exchange between persons in ' IBM Systems Journal, Vol. 35, No 3&4, 1996 ' the contents of which is incorporated by reference into the present patent application.
- This so called near-field communication can operate at very low frequencies such as 0.1 to 1 megahertz.
- This frequency is directly generated from inexpensive microcontroller devices which are easy to wear, e.g. in a watch-like form at the wrist of the hand.
- an electrical current which is small in intensity and not damaging the health of the person is fed into the human body 16 which in turn acts as 'wet wire'.
- the fire arm 20 is adapted to both right and left handed persons. So, in both grip plates one of which would then be touched with a larger area of the inner side of the person's hand a receiving electrode 22 is embedded the impedance of which is such that the current fed into the body 16 can be received by this antenna-like device.
- the signal received by the receiver electrode 22 incorporated in the fire arm 20 is amplified by an amplifier comprised of a controller 24 arranged e.g. as a chip 23 - see the broken lines in fig. 1 - inside of the fire arm. Controller 24 is connected to the receiver electrode 22 by a wire connection 26. In said controller, the signal is demodulated, A-D-conversion takes place, and the resulting data is compared to that one stored in a storage area 25, incorporated in the controller chip 23, too. The controller 24 generates an output signal 28 which reflects the data compare result, i.e.
- Prior art techniques can be taken in consideration to how the controlling device 30 controls the actuator device 32 which in turn is locking and unlocking the trigger, respectively.
- the receiving, evaluating and actuating circuit shown in the bottom part of the figure is powered by batteries not shown in fig.1.
- PAN devices can take the shape of commonly worn objects: watches, credit cards, eyeglasses, identification badges, belts, waist packs and shoe inserts, etc.
- the capacitive coupling area must be large enough to communicate the signals into the body.
- Such a near-field communication advantageously does not need a large amount of energy because it works at very low frequencies compared to far-field communication techniques e.g. GSA mobile radio communication.
- the transmitter depicted in fig. 2 and fig. 1 can operate at 330 kilohertz at 30 volts with a 10-picofarad electrode capacitance, consuming 1.5 milliwatts discharging the electrode capacitance.
- LC resonant inductance-capacitance
- fig. 2 and fig. 3 respectively a schematic representation of a prior art fire arm, a SIG-Sauer pistol P 225 (P6) is shown, which parts of German police are used to be equipped with. Said pistol is provided with an exemplary embodiment of the control system of the present invention.
- SIG-Sauer pistol P 225 (P6) is a prior art automatic pistol equipped with a double action trigger. Thus, motion of the trigger is biasing the hammer and unlocks the firing pin.
- the receiver electrode 22 is embedded in each of the grip plates of grip 18.
- the detector synchronously integrates the tiny received displacement current, e.g. 50 picoamperes, 330 KHz, into a voltage that can be measured by a slow low-resolution analog-to-digital converter operating at e.g. 50 KHz, 8 bits.
- Said analog components and the microcontroller are combined into a single CMOS integrated circuit in chip form to produce a low-cost integrated PAN receiver.
- circuit 24 comprises a logic circuit with the storage area 25 in which the same code is stored as is stored in the authorized person's data carrier. Said logic circuit evaluates the digital data extracted from the received signal and compares it to the data stored in the fire arm. If the data compare yields 'identical' the lock mechanism will be unlocked, see fig. 3 -otherwise not. This will be described next below.
- the lock mechanism comprises a locking member 48 having a rod 50 fixedly mounted with a small end portion 51 perpendicular to the length extension of the rod at a base portion 53 fixedly connected to an inner frame portion of the grip.
- the other end portion of the rod 50 is a protruding member 52 which engages an opening 54 formed in the trigger bar 56. With member 52 engaging the opening 54 a motion of the trigger for firing the arm is prevented.
- the rod is slightly biased to securely engage the opening 54.
- a relay-like circuit provided with a fixedly mounted coil 44 is energized which in turn attracts - by magnetic force - the back side of the end portion of the metal locking member 48.
- the member 48 is attracted against the elastic force of the metal rod 50 and disengages the opening 54 in the trigger bar 56.
- the rod is bent backward and is moved to the attracting coil until it's backside 46 touches the coil 44.
- trigger 58 can be pressed as usual and the person holding the fire arm is able to shoot, see back to fig. 3.
- chip 23 is provided with a timer which sets up again the full authorization control procedure after a certain delay of time, e.g. some few seconds in order to allow to fire a plurality of shots in relatively short time sequence without being influenced by the control system according to the invention.
- the coil remains energized during this preselected delay time.
- the trigger bar 53 takes back again the position shown in fig. 2.
- the coil is not energized anymore the fire arm is locked again and a new authorization control has to be passed before firing the next shot.
- the orientation of the edges pressing to each other at the attempt to shoot without authorization is such that the engaging edges cannot slide away without help of magnetic attraction of the coil 44.
- the lock/unlock mechanism is encapsulated in a case to prevent unauthorized manipulation of the mechanism.
- the transfer of data is achieved by a direct electrical contact between one contact surface being embedded in and protruding slightly from the finger facing portion of the trigger, the other contact being provided by a ring like device, worn by the authorized person.
- Said ring serves as carrier for the chip holding the personal data.
- the lock/unlock mechanism can be placed elsewhere, too.
- the hammer's motion to hit the firing pin's back end can be locked by blocking the main spring guide rod in a similar manner.
- the lock/unlock mechanism can be combined to an already existing safety system, e.g. that one of the firing pin. It should be noted that the arrangement, the location, and the structure of the lock/unlock mechanism should reflect the influence of magnetic fields set up by any unauthorized person and - and of coarse the particular type of construction and application of each fire arm which is object to the present invention.
- the device the use of which is to be controlled is provided with an using time registration and storing device with the help of which at least the shooting or more generally, the using time is stored.
- the time registration and storing device can advantageously be incorporated in the signal processing device 23.
- a pair of data e.g. shooting time and personal code data can be stored which is useful when the fire arm is dedicated to a limited plurality of persons. Later investigations regarding questions like 'which person did shoot, to which time, and how often' after the use of the fire arm become more easy to evaluate.
- a further application is to prevent larceny of cars.
- the signal receive interface means can advantageously be incorporated into the driver's seat or into the steering wheel in order to provide a sufficiently large capacitive coupling area.
- controller 10 data storage 12 controller 13 transmitter side chip 14 transmitter electrode 16 human body 18 grip 20 device, fire arm 22 receiver electrode 23 receiver side chip 24 controller circuit 25 data storage 26 wire connection 28 output signal 30 controlling device 32 actuator device 44 coil 48 locking member 50 rod 52 protruding member 54 opening 56 trigger bar 58 trigger 62 battery
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
- Storage Device Security (AREA)
Claims (11)
- Système de commande d'autorisation pour une utilisation personnelle d'un dispositif d'arme à feu (20), caractérisé par le fait de comprendre un anneau de doigt et le dispositif d'arme à feu, ledit anneau comprenant
un moyen de mémorisation (10) destiné à mémoriser au moins des données de code personnel, et
un moyen de fourniture de signaux (12) conçu pour fournir des signaux représentant lesdites données de code à un moyen d'interface de délivrance de signaux (14),
dans lequel ledit dispositif d'arme à feu (20) comprend
un moyen d'interface de réception de signaux (22) conçu pour la réception de signaux par le biais dudit moyen d'interface de délivrance de signaux (14) au moins lorsqu'une personne quelconque tend à utiliser le dispositif,
un dispositif de traitement de signaux (23) connecté audit moyen d'interface de réception de signaux (22) conçu pour déterminer l'autorisation d'une personne à utiliser ledit dispositif d'arme à feu (20) en évaluant les signaux et pour délivrer un signal de sortie (28) reflétant le résultat d'évaluation,
un dispositif de commande (30, 44) connecté audit dispositif de traitement de signaux (23) et à
un dispositif d'actionneur (32, 48), qui est à son tour conçu pour empêcher l'utilisation du dispositif d'arme à feu (20) en réponse audit résultat d'évaluation de signal,
grâce à quoi un circuit électrique est fermé lorsque ladite personne touche la détente de l'arme à feu avec la partie conductrice de son anneau de doigt et les signaux associés aux données de code personnel peuvent être transférés au moyen d'interface (14, 22). - Système selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par
le fait que ledit moyen d'interface de délivrance de signaux (14) est couplé de manière capacitive audit moyen d'interface de réception de signaux (22). - Système selon la revendication 2, caractérisé par le fait que ledit moyen d'interface de délivrance de signaux (14) est un dispositif d'émetteur comprenant une électrode d'émetteur (14) couplée de manière capacitive à un courant de déplacement modulé par les signaux représentant lesdites données de code dans le corps de la personne (16),
ledit moyen d'interface de réception de signaux (22) étant un dispositif de récepteur comprenant une électrode de récepteur (22) recevant de manière capacitive lesdits signaux provenant de la main de la personne lorsque la personne tend à utiliser l'arme à feu. - Système selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par
le fait que ledit dispositif (20) est une arme à feu,
le fait que ledit moyen d'interface de délivrance de signaux (14) est une partie électriquement conductrice d'un anneau de doigt porté par ladite personne,
le fait que ledit moyen d'interface de réception de signaux (22) est une partie électriquement conductrice de la détente de l'arme à feu,
grâce à quoi un circuit électrique est fermé lorsque ladite personne touche la détente de l'arme à feu avec la partie conductrice de son anneau de doigt et les signaux associés aux données de code personnel peuvent être transférés au moyen d'interface (14, 22). - Arme à feu comprenant
un moyen d'interface de réception de signaux (22) entre une source de signal (16) externe à ladite arme à feu et un dispositif de traitement de signaux (23) compris dans ladite arme à feu destiné à recueillir des signaux lorsqu'une personne quelconque tend à utiliser l'arme à feu, les signaux se rapportant à des données de code personnel associées à une personne ou un groupe de personnes autorisées à utiliser ladite arme à feu,
ledit dispositif de traitement de signaux (23) étant connecté audit moyen d'interface de réception de signaux (22) conçu pour évaluer les signaux et pour délivrer un signal de sortie (28) reflétant le résultat d'évaluation,
un dispositif de commande (30) qui est connecté audit dispositif de traitement de signaux (23) et à
un dispositif d'actionneur (32) qui est à son tour conçu pour empêcher le tir de l'arme à feu (20) si l'évaluation du signal donne pour résultat que ladite personne tendant à utiliser l'arme à feu n'est pas autorisée à l'utiliser. - Arme à feu selon la revendication 5, caractérisée par le fait que ledit moyen d'interface de réception de signaux (22) comprend un moyen de couplage capacitif.
- Arme à feu selon la revendication 6, caractérisée par le fait que ledit moyen d'interface de réception de signaux (22) comprend un dispositif de réception de couplage capacitif incorporé dans au moins une plaque de la crosse (18) de l'arme à feu (20) et,
par le fait que l'arme à feu comprend un circuit intégré mettant en oeuvre ledit dispositif de traitement de signaux (23) et ledit dispositif de commande (30). - Arme à feu selon la revendication 5, caractérisée par le fait que le moyen d'interface de réception de signaux (22) comprend une partie électriquement conductrice de la détente de l'arme à feu.
- Anneau de doigt pour une utilisation avec le système de commande d'autorisation d'utilisation d'une arme à feu selon la revendication 1, comprenant
un moyen de mémorisation (10) destiné à mémoriser au moins des données de code personnel,
un moyen de fourniture de signaux (12, 13) conçu pour fournir des signaux représentant lesdites données de code au moyen d'interface de délivrance de signaux (14). - Anneau de doigt selon la revendication 9, l'anneau comprenant
un circuit intégré mettant en oeuvre ledit moyen de mémorisation (10) et ledit moyen de fourniture de signaux (12),
et une partie électriquement conductrice servant en tant que ledit moyen d'interface de délivrance de signaux (14). - Système selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que le dispositif de traitement de signaux (23) est doté d'un dispositif d'enregistrement et de mémorisation de moments d'utilisation.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP99115748A EP0991026B1 (fr) | 1998-09-30 | 1999-08-07 | Système de contrôle d'autorisation |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP98118479 | 1998-09-30 | ||
EP98118479 | 1998-09-30 | ||
EP99115748A EP0991026B1 (fr) | 1998-09-30 | 1999-08-07 | Système de contrôle d'autorisation |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0991026A2 EP0991026A2 (fr) | 2000-04-05 |
EP0991026A3 EP0991026A3 (fr) | 2001-04-04 |
EP0991026B1 true EP0991026B1 (fr) | 2007-10-03 |
Family
ID=26149679
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99115748A Expired - Lifetime EP0991026B1 (fr) | 1998-09-30 | 1999-08-07 | Système de contrôle d'autorisation |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0991026B1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2000047942A1 (fr) * | 1999-02-11 | 2000-08-17 | Africa Outdoors Acs (Proprietary) Limited | Arme a feu |
DE10037227A1 (de) * | 2000-07-31 | 2002-02-14 | Rbs Netkom Gmbh | Waffensicherungssystem und -verfahren |
US6422911B1 (en) * | 2001-02-22 | 2002-07-23 | Mattel, Inc. | Toy device using through-the-body communication |
DE10232934A1 (de) * | 2002-07-19 | 2004-01-29 | Ident Technology Ag | Handgriffeinrichtung sowie Sicherheitsschaltungsanordnung insbesondere für ein kraftbetriebenes Werkzeug |
DE102004025720A1 (de) * | 2004-05-26 | 2005-12-22 | Heckler & Koch Gmbh | Schaltelement zur Waffensicherung |
FR2873073B1 (fr) * | 2004-07-15 | 2007-12-07 | Valeo Securite Habitacle Sas | Systeme de commande pour vehicule |
US11555663B2 (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2023-01-17 | Biofire Technologies Inc. | Electromechanical trigger and methods of operating a gun using the same |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0843425A2 (fr) * | 1996-11-14 | 1998-05-20 | International Business Machines Corporation | Dispositif de communication électronique utilisant le corps humain comme médium de transmission |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2129176B (en) * | 1982-10-12 | 1986-03-19 | Roundel Electronics | Indentification system |
US5204672A (en) * | 1989-09-13 | 1993-04-20 | Brooks James E | Keyless entry system |
FR2688301A1 (fr) * | 1992-02-20 | 1993-09-10 | Dubois Jean Pierre | Dispositif de verrouillage d'armes a feu. |
US5502915A (en) * | 1994-04-29 | 1996-04-02 | Eddie S. Mendelsohn | Gun |
DE4435894C2 (de) * | 1994-10-07 | 1999-09-16 | Telefunken Microelectron | Verfahren und Sicherungssystem zur Sicherung eines Kraftfahrzeuges |
GB9521241D0 (en) * | 1995-10-17 | 1995-12-20 | Robinson Alan W | Personnel identification system |
US5682032A (en) * | 1996-02-22 | 1997-10-28 | Philipp; Harald | Capacitively coupled identity verification and escort memory apparatus |
-
1999
- 1999-08-07 EP EP99115748A patent/EP0991026B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0843425A2 (fr) * | 1996-11-14 | 1998-05-20 | International Business Machines Corporation | Dispositif de communication électronique utilisant le corps humain comme médium de transmission |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0991026A3 (fr) | 2001-04-04 |
EP0991026A2 (fr) | 2000-04-05 |
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