EP0990864A1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von Rauchgasen - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von Rauchgasen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0990864A1
EP0990864A1 EP98402416A EP98402416A EP0990864A1 EP 0990864 A1 EP0990864 A1 EP 0990864A1 EP 98402416 A EP98402416 A EP 98402416A EP 98402416 A EP98402416 A EP 98402416A EP 0990864 A1 EP0990864 A1 EP 0990864A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
solidification
conical
smoke
series
chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP98402416A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Serge Lambert
Jean-Pierre Flour
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to EP98402416A priority Critical patent/EP0990864A1/de
Publication of EP0990864A1 publication Critical patent/EP0990864A1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/003—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes for supplying chemicals to fumes, e.g. using injection devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2213/00—Chimneys or flues
    • F23J2213/50—Top cover

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of smoke treatment and a device for putting implementing this process.
  • the object of the invention is to design a process and a smoke treatment device which allow totally eliminate releases in the form of gas.
  • a product of upstream of solidification is added fixing to the fumes to be treated.
  • This fixing product can be constituted by water, brought in the form of liquid atomized or vapor, to fix particles and facilitate glaciation. We can in particular perform this water supply in cases where the water vapor content of smoke is insufficient to allow glaciation correct.
  • the fixing product can also be made up by dry ice, which fixes the particles solids, especially the heaviest particles.
  • the flue gases are put at a pressure higher than 2 bars and at a temperature below 200 ° C.
  • the liquid obtained is subjected at a decantation and the decanted liquid is used, at less in part, for cooling the fumes in upstream of solidification.
  • the liquid is then treated, for example by fine centrifugation.
  • the chamber is formed by a closed enclosure, part of which of the upper wall carries the solidification surface.
  • the solidification surface is inclined relative to horizontally. This inclination facilitates detachment under the effect of the gravity of the solid film formed on the solidification surface and resulting from the solidification by smoke glaciation.
  • the solidification surface is equipped with a series of raised separation ribs arranged along the line of greatest slope of the solidification surface. These separation ribs prevent the formation of a large, solid one-piece wrap and make it easy thus the individual detachment of the film wafers formed between the dividing ribs.
  • the separation ribs of the solidification surface have side faces forming with the solidification surface an angle of draft greater than the right angle. The detachment of film pellets is thus facilitated.
  • the solidification surface is conical in shape vertical axis. Such a form of revolution allows to obtain, with a minimum space requirement, an area of maximum dimension. It also has the inclination desired to facilitate the detachment of the film solid.
  • the solidification surface conical has a half angle at the top between 25 ° and 30 °.
  • An angle close to 28 ° is particularly suitable well.
  • the solidification chamber is delimited by a column cylindrical having an upper end closed by a refrigerated conical tip internally carrying the surface solidification and a lower end opening out in the means of recovery.
  • the conical tip is formed by an assembly of plates forming cone sectors and having side edges juxtaposed with half-ribs for forming the surface separation ribs two by two solidification.
  • the tip has an outer surface conical which is capped by a conical cooling cap having a corresponding conical inner surface to the conical outer surface of the nozzle and which is formed by a cast aluminum alloy coating a series of refrigeration channels.
  • the solidification chamber is equipped with nozzles injection of a treatment product, such as water and / or dry ice, immediately arranged in upstream of the solidification surface by reference to the direction smoke flow.
  • a treatment product such as water and / or dry ice
  • the injection nozzles are oriented substantially in opposition to the direction of flow of the fumes. We thus improves the fixation of particles and gases on water and / or dry ice.
  • the injection nozzles can be controlled by information function supplied by at least one probe of smoke analysis arranged upstream of the injection nozzles.
  • the injection of water and / or dry ice is thus instantly adapted to the composition (possibly variable) smoke.
  • the smoke treatment device comprises a series of recovery conduits 1 fumes to be treated having an upstream end 2 and a downstream end 3 with reference to a direction of flow E smoke in this series of conduits.
  • the series of conduits 1 is connected to the upper end of a column C arrival of smoke from a combustion chamber such than an incinerator.
  • the series of conduits 1 opens into a solidification chamber 4.
  • this chamber is formed by a closed enclosure delimited by a vertical cylindrical column 5 having one end upper closed by a conical tip 6 refrigerated and a lower end opening into a recovery tank 7.
  • the downstream end 3 of the series of conduits 1 is connected to column 5 laterally, between its ends upper and lower.
  • the conical tip 6 has internally a solidification surface 8 which is conical in shape with a vertical axis 9 and which is finely polished ("ice" type polishing). To allow extremely fine polishing and to avoid any wear or corrosion, the nozzle 6 is made of stainless steel.
  • the cone shape that has a semi-apex angle preferably between 25 ° and 30 °. We have been able to determine that the optimum value of this apex half-angle is approximately 28 °.
  • End piece 6 has a conical outer surface 11 which is capped by a conical cooling cap 12.
  • This hat has a conical inner surface 13 corresponding to the conical outer surface 11 of tip 6. It is made of an aluminum alloy molded 14 coating a series of refrigeration channels 15. The cap 12 maintains the nozzle 6 at a temperature about -180 ° C.
  • the solidification surface 8 of the endpiece 6 is equipped with a series of separation ribs 10 in relief arranged along the line of greatest slope of the solidification surface 8, c that is to say vertically. These ribs have lateral faces 10 forming with the conical solidification surface 8 a draft angle b greater than the right angle.
  • the tip conical 6 consists of an assembly of plates 16 forming cone sectors. Each of these plates has two lateral edges 17 forming a half-ribs and having a flat side face of connection 18. The edges adjacent 17 of each pair of adjacent plates 16 are joined by their connecting faces 18 and thus form two two separating ribs 9 from the surface of solidification 8.
  • the solidification chamber 4 is equipped with nozzles 19, 20 for injecting a gas fixing product and solid particles. These nozzles are arranged according to an annular distribution, immediately upstream of the tip 6 surface with reference to a direction of flow fumes. They are further oriented substantially in opposition to the direction of flow of the fumes, which improves fixation efficiency.
  • the injection nozzles 19 and 20 are controlled by information function supplied by at least one probe 21 of smoke analysis arranged in the solidification chamber 4, upstream of the injection nozzles 19.
  • the solidification chamber 4 is equipped with a cooler 22, which is arranged between the downstream end 3 of the series of conduits 1 and the nozzles 19, 20.
  • This cooler is here outside, but which might as well be inside.
  • the series of conduits 1 in this case forms a baffle cooling system which is equipped with coolers 23. These coolers are set in such a way so that the smoke temperature at the entrance to the solidification chamber 4 is approximately 120 ° C.
  • the series of conduits 1 is further equipped with a turbine (or set of turbines) 24 to force the circulation and pressurize the fumes.
  • This turbine is arranged near the upstream end 2 of the series of conduits 1. It is adjusted so as to generate pressure in the solidification chamber 4 about 3 bars.
  • a return duct 25 makes it possible to avoid excess pressure in the solidification chamber 4.
  • This conduit 25 has one end 26 which is connected to the series of conduits 1 downstream of the coolers 23 and turbine 24, and an opposite end 28 which is connected either to the series of conduits 1 upstream coolers 23 and turbine 24, like this is the case here, directly to column C of arrival fumes.
  • the end 26 of the conduit 25 is closed off by a valve 27 intended to open in the event of excess of pressure, while the end 28 is closed by a valve or check valve 29.
  • the smoke treatment process according to the invention implemented by the device which has just been described, comprises the following steps.
  • the fumes from the inlet column C are sucked into the first duct in the series of conduits 1 and are pressurized by the turbine 24.
  • the smoke thus flows through the series of conduits 1 to what it comes out of it through the downstream end 3 to penetrate in the solidification chamber 4.
  • the smoke temperature being of the order of 600 ° C when it enters the series of conduits 1 by its upstream end 2, the coolers 23 of the series of conduits 1 provide cooling of the fumes for that they reach a temperature of around 120 ° when they enter the solidification chamber 4.
  • Other settings will be possible, but it is preferable that the internal temperature of the solidification chamber 4 does not exceed 200 °.
  • the turbine 24 provides pressurization fumes, such as the pressure inside the solidification chamber 4 is approximately 3 bars. Likewise that for the temperature, other settings will be possible, but it will be better if the indoor temperature of the solidification chamber 4, ie at least 2 bars.
  • the fumes are still cooled by cooler 22.
  • the temperature in the lower part of room 4 is therefore significantly higher than that prevailing in its part superior.
  • the injection nozzles 19 and / or 20 inject water and / or dry ice against smoke flow. Water and / or snow thus injected fixes (s) gases and solid particles. Moreover, the water supply made by the nozzles 19 makes it possible to increase the humidity level in the fumes when this rate is insufficient to allow solidification by glaciation on the solidification surface 8, like this is explained below.
  • the temperature of the solidification surface 8 is maintained at about -180 ° C. Other settings will be possible, but it will be preferable that this temperature remains significantly below -100 ° C.
  • the solid film formed on the surface of solidification 8 in the form of solid pancakes S, between the ribs 9 of the solidification surface 8, are detaches spontaneously under the effect of gravity. This spontaneous detachment is obtained on the one hand by the separation provided by the ribs 9 and on the other hand at extremely fine polishing of the solidification surface 8.
  • the liquid L obtained by liquefying solid pancakes S is decanted and the decanted liquid is used, at least in part, for cooling the fumes.
  • a pipe 33 is arranged between the tank 7 and the coolers 23, a valve 34 being located at the entrance to this pipeline.
  • the remaining liquid is processed by centrifugation and / or any other suitable process.
  • valve 27 In the event of overpressure in the pipe series 1 or the solidification chamber 4, the valve 27 is open, so that the vapors cooled by the 23 coolers are reintroduced into the column inlet C. We can thus overcome an overpressure momentary.
  • cooling circuit 1 smoke in baffles
  • fumes heavily loaded with heavy particles make a simple vertical column equipped with coolers.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
EP98402416A 1998-10-01 1998-10-01 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von Rauchgasen Withdrawn EP0990864A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP98402416A EP0990864A1 (de) 1998-10-01 1998-10-01 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von Rauchgasen

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP98402416A EP0990864A1 (de) 1998-10-01 1998-10-01 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von Rauchgasen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0990864A1 true EP0990864A1 (de) 2000-04-05

Family

ID=8235505

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98402416A Withdrawn EP0990864A1 (de) 1998-10-01 1998-10-01 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von Rauchgasen

Country Status (1)

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EP (1) EP0990864A1 (de)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5223567A (en) * 1975-08-18 1977-02-22 Hitachi Zosen Corp Process for treatment of exhaust gases evolved in incineration furnace s, etc.
DE2536874A1 (de) * 1975-08-19 1977-02-24 Hitachi Ltd Verfahren und vorrichtung zur dekontamination von spaltgashaltigem abgas
DE3138861A1 (de) * 1980-10-04 1982-05-19 Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen Verfarhen zur desublimation in einem wirbelbett
JPH01290512A (ja) * 1988-05-16 1989-11-22 Kyodo Sanso Kk キセノン含有廃ガスからのキセノン回収方法
DE4200990A1 (de) * 1992-01-16 1993-07-22 Linde Ag Verfahren zur abtrennung von dampffoermigen komponenten aus einem dampf-traegergas-gemisch
FR2761761A1 (fr) * 1997-04-04 1998-10-09 Serge Lambert Procede et dispositif de traitement des fumees

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5223567A (en) * 1975-08-18 1977-02-22 Hitachi Zosen Corp Process for treatment of exhaust gases evolved in incineration furnace s, etc.
DE2536874A1 (de) * 1975-08-19 1977-02-24 Hitachi Ltd Verfahren und vorrichtung zur dekontamination von spaltgashaltigem abgas
DE3138861A1 (de) * 1980-10-04 1982-05-19 Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen Verfarhen zur desublimation in einem wirbelbett
JPH01290512A (ja) * 1988-05-16 1989-11-22 Kyodo Sanso Kk キセノン含有廃ガスからのキセノン回収方法
DE4200990A1 (de) * 1992-01-16 1993-07-22 Linde Ag Verfahren zur abtrennung von dampffoermigen komponenten aus einem dampf-traegergas-gemisch
FR2761761A1 (fr) * 1997-04-04 1998-10-09 Serge Lambert Procede et dispositif de traitement des fumees

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 7714, Derwent World Patents Index; Class J01, AN 77-24259Y, XP002093851 *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 014, no. 068 (C - 0686) 8 February 1990 (1990-02-08) *

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