EP0990296B1 - Magnetgelagerter elektrischer antrieb - Google Patents

Magnetgelagerter elektrischer antrieb Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0990296B1
EP0990296B1 EP98925373A EP98925373A EP0990296B1 EP 0990296 B1 EP0990296 B1 EP 0990296B1 EP 98925373 A EP98925373 A EP 98925373A EP 98925373 A EP98925373 A EP 98925373A EP 0990296 B1 EP0990296 B1 EP 0990296B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pole
windings
rotor
stator
magnetic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98925373A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0990296A1 (de
Inventor
Wolfgang Amrhein
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Keba Industrial Automation Germany GmbH
Original Assignee
Lust Antriebstechnik GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lust Antriebstechnik GmbH filed Critical Lust Antriebstechnik GmbH
Publication of EP0990296A1 publication Critical patent/EP0990296A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0990296B1 publication Critical patent/EP0990296B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
    • F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
    • F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
    • F16C32/044—Active magnetic bearings
    • F16C32/0474—Active magnetic bearings for rotary movement
    • F16C32/0493—Active magnetic bearings for rotary movement integrated in an electrodynamic machine, e.g. self-bearing motor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/08—Structural association with bearings
    • H02K7/09—Structural association with bearings with magnetic bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2380/00—Electrical apparatus
    • F16C2380/26—Dynamo-electric machines or combinations therewith, e.g. electro-motors and generators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a magnetic drive electric drive, according to the preamble of the independent claim.
  • Magnetic bearing technology opens up fields of application for the machine and Device construction with extremely high demands on the speed range, the Lifetime, the purity and the tightness of the drive system - so in major areas of application using conventional Storage techniques are not possible or can only be implemented with difficulty.
  • Various Designs such as high-speed milling and Grinding spindles, turbo compressors, vacuum pumps, or pumps for high-purity chemical or medical products are already included Magnetic bearings equipped.
  • a conventional magnetic-bearing electrical machine (Fig. 1) is required in addition to a machine unit 1, two radial magnetic bearings 2 and 3, an axial magnetic bearing 4, two mechanical receiving bearings 5 and 6, as well as for the Control of the motor and magnetic bearing strands a total of thirteen Power controller 7, 8, 9, 10.
  • a switched reluctance drive is described in document US Pat. No. 5,424,595 disclosed, with protruding stator poles and individually excitable Phase turns equipped.
  • the individual phase turns serve both for generating a torque and for generating a Load capacity for the magnetic bearing of the rotor.
  • EP 0 768 750 A discloses by means of which a magnetically mounted rotor with high Speed can be rotated.
  • the reluctance drive according to EP 0 768 750 A is equipped with protruding stator poles, which with windings are provided for torque generation and for generating a radial force.
  • XP000638977 becomes a "bearingless” motor with permanent magnet excitation described.
  • the document XP000638977 describes in particular the Regulation of the magnetic bearing in the case of permanent magnet excitation Synchronous motor and the induction motor.
  • the load capacities are determined by Superposition of a (P + 2) or (P-2) pole magnetic flux with the normal magnetic flux of the motor (number of poles P).
  • the object to be achieved by the invention is therefore in the Simplification of the mechanical structure of the machine and Magnetic bearing unit taking into account the suitable ones electronic control.
  • Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of an integrated machine magnetic bearing unit.
  • This is not like the conventional version 2, two separate winding systems with different Pole pairs introduced into the stator, but the functions of Torque and load capacity formation integrated in a winding system.
  • This winding system consists of individual ones distributed around the circumference Pole windings 24, 25, 26, 27 together. Because these pole windings, as described below, using our own power supplies can be fed, as for the torque and load capacity formation required magnetic fields with different in the air gap Realize pole pair numbers. It should also be mentioned here that such Machine depending on the application both as a motor and as Generator can be operated.
  • FIG. 1 an arrangement according to FIG.
  • the winding coils In contrast to the embodiment in FIG. 2, one strand is not over several Grooves distributed. A craving to reduce the harmonic content voltage and current is not provided in the sheet metal cut 19, could but by shortening the pole widths 28 (see Fig. 8). With strong Longing may be favorable for the machine concentric run by shortening the pole width resulting large slot gap 29 with a ferromagnetic auxiliary pole 86 (see Fig. 8), which remain without winding can largely close.
  • the sheet metal cut 19 is, for example better cooling in an aluminum ring surrounding it or in one surrounded aluminum cylinder.
  • a sinusoidal river chain can also be distributed over several coils (two are shown) can be reached.
  • coils 57, 58 and 59.60 e.g. shown in Fig. 15, too Pole windings 55 and 56 with their own electronic connection 53a, 53b (this together form the connection 53) or 54a, 54b (these form together the electronics connection 54) interconnected.
  • the distributed Winding coils can be inserted in slots or as ironless ones Air gap winding can be realized similar to the bell armature motors.
  • FIG. 15 shows an example of two of the four pole windings according to FIG. 3 in distributed instead of a concentrated version.
  • pole winding cross sections 24a and 27b and 25b and 26a cancel each other out within a groove.
  • the remaining Pole winding cross sections 24b and 25a and 26b and 27a thus act as a strand of a two-pole winding.
  • FIG. 6 shows the direction of the third current component 3.
  • the distribution of the Electricity is applied in the same way as in FIG. 5, but at ninety Degrees rotated.
  • the second and third current components build a two-pole rotating field and the radial load capacity in amount and Direction by choosing the amplitude and phase of the two Set current components.
  • the determination of the individual current components is carried out under consideration the target size specification and the actual values for, for example, rotor position and Speed, rotor rotation angle or torque after evaluating the Sensor signals for rotor position and rotor rotation angle using a Analog circuit or a fast computing unit.
  • the signals of the Current components are superimposed on the pole winding by means of a Power electronics reinforced and the four pole windings 24,25,26,27 over clocked switches or analog power amplifiers supplied.
  • a possible bridge circuit is shown in Fig. 7. Instead of one Current injection can also take into account the characteristics of the Controlled system.
  • Fig. 9 shows a winding variant with three strands in which each current component has its own line (machine line: 30a, 30b, 31a, 31b, 32a, 32b, 33a, 33b; first magnetic bearing train: 34a, 34b, 35a, 35b; second magnetic bearing strand: 36a, 36b, 37a, 37b) is assigned, the Coils of a strand can be connected in series or in parallel.
  • the Overlay does not take place on the current level as in FIG. 3, but on the current level or field level instead. The location of the individual strand coils can be seen from the considerations for FIGS. 4 to 6.
  • the currents of the Strands I-IV (strand I: pole winding 24, strand II: pole winding 25, strand III: Pole winding 26, phase IV: pole winding 27) and the strands I'-III '(phase I': Windings 30-33, strand II ': windings 34-35, strand III': windings 36-37) can be converted into one another.
  • FIG. 9 is more complex to manufacture than that 3, however, only requires the electrical Control of three instead of four lines. What arrangement from an economic point of view is to be considered on a case-by-case basis. Of technical interest is possibly in the arrangement of FIG. 3 Possibility of weighting between the first and the second and the freely assign third power components. For example if the machine is idle, the whole is available vertical winding cross-section almost entirely for load-bearing capacity or in the case of a machine with no load capacity, almost the whole Winding cross section can be used for torque generation. In Such a free assignment is not a winding arrangement according to FIG. 9 possible because only when the machine is idling Winding cross section of the load capacity winding is available.
  • the type of rotor of the machine can be chosen freely.
  • An almost sinusoidal field distribution can be Use of permanent magnet rotors 85, for example by a Shaping the permanent magnets 82 with an angle-dependent Achieve an air gap between the rotor and the stator 84 shown in FIG. 17.
  • a sinusoidal field distribution also has a favorable effect diametrical magnetization of the permanent magnets. At 83 he is called ferromagnetic inference of the rotor. For cost reasons However, it can be advantageous to use concentrated windings and radial or diametrically magnetized permanent magnets without special shape use.
  • auxiliary torque to overcome the dead zone can be done, for example, by an asymmetrical one Sheet metal cut 38 take place in the region of the winding poles (FIG. 10).
  • Another Solution proposal (Fig. 13) provides one or more axially or radially Rotor attached auxiliary magnets 43, for example the four-pole Permanent magnet rotor 50 due to its pulling force when starting in a Bring favorable starting position 44 with the angle ⁇ . In position 45 the magnetic pole limit would be zero starting torque at any high current.
  • the winding poles are indicated with the positions 46, 47, 48 and 49.
  • the auxiliary magnets can also support the traction with a Iron inference can be provided.
  • a change in the magnetic pole position can also be caused by one of the magnetic bearing parts controlled rolling of the rotor 66 on the air gap face of the Stator poles 65 are effected (Fig. 16).
  • Fig. 16 A change in the magnetic pole position
  • the different Diameter results in a growing when rolling Angular displacement between the magnetic and stator poles, so that the rotor is off the dead zone in which torque development is not possible, can be turned out.
  • At 67 is the center point movement of the rotor shown during the rolling. It may be necessary for the scope of the rotor and / or stator is a means for preventing sliding between the rotor and stator during the rolling motion (e.g. Use of materials with high coefficients of friction, roughening the Surfaces, gearing, etc.).
  • FIG. 14 Another proposed solution is shown in FIG. 14.
  • the stator poles are provided on one side with a short-circuit ring 52, so that due to the Short-circuit currents instead of the alternating field a strongly elliptical rotating field results in the air gap.
  • FIGS. 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, 13, 14, 16 and 17 can also be seen as examples with regard to the number of pole pairs for the formation of torque and load capacity and with regard to the number of strands.
  • a three-phase machine can also be integrated into the magnetically mounted drive instead of the AC field machine.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
  • Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
EP98925373A 1997-06-21 1998-06-19 Magnetgelagerter elektrischer antrieb Expired - Lifetime EP0990296B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19726351A DE19726351A1 (de) 1997-06-21 1997-06-21 Magnetgelagerter elektrischer Antrieb mit integriertem Wicklungssystem
DE19726351 1997-06-21
PCT/CH1998/000267 WO1998059406A1 (de) 1997-06-21 1998-06-19 Magnetgelagerter elektrischer antrieb

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0990296A1 EP0990296A1 (de) 2000-04-05
EP0990296B1 true EP0990296B1 (de) 2003-12-17

Family

ID=7833213

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98925373A Expired - Lifetime EP0990296B1 (de) 1997-06-21 1998-06-19 Magnetgelagerter elektrischer antrieb

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US6268675B1 (ja)
EP (1) EP0990296B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP4189037B2 (ja)
DE (2) DE19726351A1 (ja)
WO (1) WO1998059406A1 (ja)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108123562A (zh) * 2017-12-19 2018-06-05 河北师范大学 一种无轴承永磁同步电机
WO2024054331A1 (en) * 2022-09-09 2024-03-14 Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation Bearingless rotating electric machine with field weakening

Families Citing this family (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6020665A (en) * 1998-02-25 2000-02-01 Electric Boat Corporation Permanent magnet synchronous machine with integrated magnetic bearings
JP3609649B2 (ja) * 1999-06-29 2005-01-12 三洋電機株式会社 ブラシレスｄｃモータ及びこのモータを用いた冷媒圧縮機
EP2290049B1 (de) 1999-09-08 2012-08-15 Levitronix Technologies, LLC Bioreaktor
JP2001190043A (ja) * 2000-01-05 2001-07-10 Sankyo Seiki Mfg Co Ltd 磁気浮上モータ
DE10034662A1 (de) * 2000-07-16 2002-01-24 Wolfgang Amrhein Aufwandsamer elektrischer Antrieb zur Erzeugung von Tragkräften und Drehmomenten
JP2002112593A (ja) * 2000-09-27 2002-04-12 Hideo Kawamura 複数系統の電力発電特性を持つ発電装置
US6750748B2 (en) * 2001-08-09 2004-06-15 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Limited angle unidirectional torque motor
AT505594A3 (de) * 2006-06-08 2015-03-15 Johannes Kepler Universität Linz Inst Für Elek Sche Antriebe Und Leistungselektronik Magnetisch gelagerter segmentantrieb
US7832922B2 (en) 2007-11-30 2010-11-16 Levitronix Gmbh Mixing apparatus and container for such
DE502008002481D1 (de) * 2008-07-21 2011-03-10 Siemens Ag Magnetisches Radiallager mit Permanentmagneten zur Vormagnetisierung sowie magnetisches Lagersystem mit einem derartigen magnetischen Radiallager
JP5577506B2 (ja) 2010-09-14 2014-08-27 ソーラテック コーポレイション 遠心式ポンプ装置
EP2693609B1 (en) 2011-03-28 2017-05-03 Thoratec Corporation Rotation and drive device and centrifugal pump device using same
DE102011077651A1 (de) * 2011-06-16 2012-12-20 Aloys Wobben Verfahren zum Steuern einer Windenergieanlage
US9371826B2 (en) 2013-01-24 2016-06-21 Thoratec Corporation Impeller position compensation using field oriented control
US9556873B2 (en) 2013-02-27 2017-01-31 Tc1 Llc Startup sequence for centrifugal pump with levitated impeller
US10052420B2 (en) 2013-04-30 2018-08-21 Tc1 Llc Heart beat identification and pump speed synchronization
US9623161B2 (en) 2014-08-26 2017-04-18 Tc1 Llc Blood pump and method of suction detection
EP3256183A4 (en) 2015-02-11 2018-09-19 Tc1 Llc Heart beat identification and pump speed synchronization
WO2016130944A1 (en) 2015-02-12 2016-08-18 Thoratec Corporation System and method for controlling the position of a levitated rotor
US10371152B2 (en) 2015-02-12 2019-08-06 Tc1 Llc Alternating pump gaps
WO2016130989A1 (en) 2015-02-13 2016-08-18 Thoratec Corporation Impeller suspension mechanism for heart pump
US10117983B2 (en) 2015-11-16 2018-11-06 Tc1 Llc Pressure/flow characteristic modification of a centrifugal pump in a ventricular assist device
PL445075A1 (pl) * 2023-05-30 2024-04-08 Politechnika Opolska Ośmiobiegunowe promieniowe łożysko magnetyczne z magnesami trwałymi
PL445074A1 (pl) * 2023-05-30 2024-04-08 Politechnika Opolska Czterobiegunowe, promieniowe łożysko magnetyczne z magnesami trwałymi

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5053662A (en) * 1990-04-18 1991-10-01 General Electric Company Electromagnetic damping of a shaft
US5036235A (en) * 1990-07-25 1991-07-30 Xerox Corporation Brushless DC motor having a stable hydrodynamic bearing system
US5237229A (en) * 1992-04-16 1993-08-17 Shinko Electric Co., Ltd. Magnetic bearing device with a rotating magnetic field
US5424595A (en) 1993-05-04 1995-06-13 General Electric Company Integrated magnetic bearing/switched reluctance machine
JP3664409B2 (ja) 1995-03-30 2005-06-29 明 千葉 スイッチドリラクタンス回転機

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
OKADA Y. ET AL: "Levitation and torque control of internal permanent magnet type bearingless motor", IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONTROL SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY, vol. 4, no. 5, September 1996 (1996-09-01), pages 565 - 571, XP000638977 *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108123562A (zh) * 2017-12-19 2018-06-05 河北师范大学 一种无轴承永磁同步电机
CN108123562B (zh) * 2017-12-19 2021-04-16 河北师范大学 一种无轴承永磁同步电机
WO2024054331A1 (en) * 2022-09-09 2024-03-14 Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation Bearingless rotating electric machine with field weakening

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19726351A1 (de) 1999-01-14
WO1998059406A1 (de) 1998-12-30
EP0990296A1 (de) 2000-04-05
DE59810474D1 (de) 2004-01-29
JP2002505066A (ja) 2002-02-12
US6268675B1 (en) 2001-07-31
JP4189037B2 (ja) 2008-12-03

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