EP0984683A2 - Means amd method for pest control - Google Patents

Means amd method for pest control

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Publication number
EP0984683A2
EP0984683A2 EP98932092A EP98932092A EP0984683A2 EP 0984683 A2 EP0984683 A2 EP 0984683A2 EP 98932092 A EP98932092 A EP 98932092A EP 98932092 A EP98932092 A EP 98932092A EP 0984683 A2 EP0984683 A2 EP 0984683A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
compounds
methyl
pest control
control agent
fcm
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP98932092A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Christoffel Jakobus Smit
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Octrooibureau Kisch NV
Original Assignee
Octrooibureau Kisch NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Octrooibureau Kisch NV filed Critical Octrooibureau Kisch NV
Publication of EP0984683A2 publication Critical patent/EP0984683A2/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N49/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing compounds containing the group, wherein m+n>=1, both X together may also mean —Y— or a direct carbon-to-carbon bond, and the carbon atoms marked with an asterisk are not part of any ring system other than that which may be formed by the atoms X, the carbon atoms in square brackets being part of any acyclic or cyclic structure, or the group, wherein A means a carbon atom or Y, n>=0, and not more than one of these carbon atoms being a member of the same ring system, e.g. juvenile insect hormones or mimics thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N27/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing hydrocarbons
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
    • A01N31/06—Oxygen or sulfur directly attached to a cycloaliphatic ring system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N35/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical
    • A01N35/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical containing aliphatically bound aldehyde or keto groups, or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof, e.g. acetals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N35/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical
    • A01N35/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical containing aldehyde or keto groups, or thio analogues thereof, directly attached to an aromatic ring system, e.g. acetophenone; Derivatives thereof, e.g. acetals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N35/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical
    • A01N35/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical containing keto or thioketo groups as part of a ring, e.g. cyclohexanone, quinone; Derivatives thereof, e.g. ketals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/02—Saturated carboxylic acids or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system
    • A01N37/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system having at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same aromatic ring system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/36—Rutaceae [Rue family], e.g. lime, orange, lemon, corktree or pricklyash

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a means and method for pest control. More particularly, this invention relates to an agent or composition, and a method for controlling Lepidoptera pests, such as false codling moths, codling moths, etc., and Diptera pests, such as fruit flies, flies, mosquitos, etc.
  • Lepidoptera pests such as false codling moths, codling moths, etc.
  • Diptera pests such as fruit flies, flies, mosquitos, etc.
  • FCM The false codling moth
  • FCM fluorescence-activated bacterium senory fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal s. fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal fungal
  • the FCM as a nocturnal insect is largely dependent on its olfactory sense for orientation in its living sphere.
  • the male moth locates the female entirely by following through the air, a trail of sex pheromone exuded by the female, and the female also locates the proper host plant to feed upon and
  • Attractive substances for example sex pheromones or food odours
  • insect repellents are for example Naphthalene (moth balls), used to repel cloth moths from wardrobes and Di-ethyl
  • toluamide (trade name or trade mark - M ⁇ iol) to repel blood-sucking insects
  • Lepidoptera pests such as FCM and codling moths (hereinafter referred to as "CM”
  • CM codling moths
  • Diptera pests such as Natal fruit flies.
  • a pest control agent including one or more flavour-masking compounds and/or scent-irritating and/or scent-disrupting compounds selected from the
  • the or each suitable phenolic compound(s) may include :
  • hydroxy and/or methoxy substituted benzyl compounds including:
  • aldehydes thereof including 2-hydroxy benzaldehyde, 2- hydroxy 3-methoxy benzaldehyde (o-Vanillin), 4-hydroxy 3- methoxy benzaldehyde (standard Vanillin), 2-hydroxy 4- methoxy benzaldehyde, 2-hydroxy 5-methoxy benzaldehyde, 2,5-dihydroxy benzaldehyde (gentisic aldehyde), 2,4-dihydroxy benzaldehyde, 2,3-dihydroxy benzaldehyde;
  • alcohols, acids, and esters of the aforementioned compounds including 2-hydroxy benzyl (salicyi) alcohol, salicylic acid. methyl salicylic acid, methyl p-hydrox ⁇ benzoic acid, methyl salicylate. ethyl salicylate, benzyl salicylate, phenety! salicylate, iso-amyl salicylate and hexenyl salicylate, but excluding methyl salicylate per se.
  • the or each suitable naphthyl or naphthalenic com ⁇ ound(s) may include -
  • naphthalene but excluding naphthalene per se:
  • methyl naphthyl or naphthalenic compounds including
  • the or each suitable mono-terpenoid compound(s) may include:
  • closed ring structures including (bi) cyciohexyl compounds. including limonene, iso-firrtonene, terpenene, phellandrene, sabinene, carvone, ionone , thujone, pulegone. menthol, menthone, diosphenol (buchu), and perilla aldehyde' and its corresponding alcohol;
  • closed ring structures including (bi) cyclo heptyl compounds including verbenol, myrtenal, myrtenol, fenchone, pinene, pinenal, camphene, carcene cineole and borneol;
  • dimethyl octyl compounds including ipsenol, nerol, geraniol, linalool, tagetone, allo-ocimen, neo allo-ocimen, myrcene, citral, citronelial, citronellene and iso— citronellene but excluding citro ⁇ ellol per se;
  • C 2 up to C 5 alkyl esters of mono-terpenoids including acetate, propionate, (iso) butyrate and valerate esters.
  • unsaturated alkenes and alkynes as mono- di- or tri -ene group compounds including 1 -decene, 1 -decyne, 1 ,5,9-decatriene, 1 -undecene, 1 -dodecene, 1 -tridecene, 1 -tetradecene, 1 ,7 octadiene.
  • ketones and methyl ketones occurring mostly as alarm pheromones/allomones in Formicidea (-ants) and including 2,6 dimethyl 4-heptanone, 2-undecanone, 2-dodecanone, 2-tridecanone, 4-methyl 3-heptanone, 4-methyl 3-hexanone, 4,6-dimethyl 4-octen 3-one, 6-methyl 3-octanone, 6-methyi,
  • the invention extends to a pest control agent as herein described, whenever provided in a composition or form adapted to be sprayed.
  • the invention also extends to a pest control agent as herein described, whenever provided in a composition or form adapted to provide a retarded and even release of volatile compound(s).
  • a pest control composition including an effective amount or concentration of a pest control agent as herein described.
  • a method of controlling pests including the step of using or applying an effective amount of a pest control agent to a pest habitat or location, the pest control agent including one or more flavour-masking compounds and/or scent-disrupting compounds selected from the following compounds namely suitable phenolic compounds, naphthalenic compounds, suitable mono- terpenoid compounds, suitable unsaturated aliphatic compounds, alkenes and alkynes - C 6 up to C 14 and suitable aliphatic ketones and methyl ketones
  • the method may include the step of providing the pest control agent in a composition or form suitable for spraying, and spraying a solution of the agent to a pest habitat or location.
  • the method may include the step of providing the agent in a composition adapted to effect a retarded and even release of volatile compound(s), and providing such composition in or near a pest habitat or location.
  • the method may include the step of or be adapted for treating pests which eat and/or spoil fruit and/or vegetables and/or plants or trees.
  • the pests to be treated may include Tortricid moths, such as (ordinary) codling moths. (Laspeyresia pomonella) Eastern fruit moths (Grapholita molesta), false codling Moths (Crytophlebia leucotreta) and fruit flies (Pterandrus rosa).
  • Tortricid moths such as (ordinary) codling moths. (Laspeyresia pomonella) Eastern fruit moths (Grapholita molesta), false codling Moths (Crytophlebia leucotreta) and fruit flies (Pterandrus rosa).
  • the pest control agent may include a mixture of efficient and safe odour active substances from all of the critical chemical groups in order to disrupt as many as possible insect smell acceptors.
  • spray additives may be provided in the composition to effect a retarded and more even release of all flavour active substances.
  • vanilla a flavour active (i.e. disruptive or repellant) substance
  • pure i.e. undiluted commercial Vanilla essence at 2ml per sex pheromone trap was applied inside the traps and placed in a FCM infested
  • flavour-masking compounds that were tested are dealt with hereunder.
  • flavour extracts from two other aromatic plants belonging to the Rutaceae family were tested in the same way in FCM sex traps. These plants were Buchu (Agathosma betulina) and Rue (Ruta graveolens).
  • Buchu extract (of which the active ingredients are the monoterpenoids memeegone and diosphenol) repelled i.e. did not attract FCM males for approximately 5 days from/to a treated trap in a FCM infested orchard but thereafter FCM moths were caught.
  • the Rue treatment had no significant effect.
  • Vanillin has a considerable odour- masking or odour-disrupting effect on the sex pheromone, sufficient to some extent to disorient and/or confuse i.e. not to attract male FCM. However under higher population pressures, the apparent repellant action may not be strong enough.
  • Navel orange orchards were sprayed with a 0,2% to 0,25% by volume solution of commercial Vanilla essence in water, on two farms both being in a citrus-growing area of the Cape region.
  • Medium spray volumes per tree were used, giving a good wetting but not sufficient for the solution to drip off.
  • Alsystin which was sprayed at a concentration of 15ml/ 100! reduced fruitfall one month after spraying by one half ( 1 ,6 to 0,8 fruits per day) but in the two consecutive weeks fruitfall increased till near the original level i.e. 1 ,4 fruits per day.
  • Alsystin as chitin inhibitor inhibited the hatching of part of FCM eggs only for one week while lethal levels of it were effective and before it reached sub-lethal levels because of natural breakdown. Alsystin resistance by FCM had previously been encountered in the particular orchard tested.
  • the first Vanillin spray was applied the beginning of March 1997, followed by two follow-up sprays as indicated.
  • FCM moth populations as monitored by sex traps (males) and fruitfall (females) are fairly mobile and easily migrate from place to place over time according to various (influencing) factors;
  • Control blocks (non-sprayed with Vanillin) must be sufficiently far removed (about 100m to 200m) away and up-wind not to be affected by Vanillin vapour drift.
  • FCM moth counts in sex traps varied from 6 to 10 and 12 moths per week in orchards sufficiently removed (between about
  • the Vanillin odour had the effect of substantially reducing FCM populations, especially female FCM, by its odour-masking effect.
  • no FCM or very few were caught in traps on trees sprayed with the aforementioned composition, as long as the Vanillin odour lasted, indicating the odour or smell-masking or disrupting effect of Vanillin. This is confirmed by the results shown in the attached graph.
  • one or more additives could be provided in the solution which will result in a retarded and more even release of the Vanillin odour.
  • Vanillin is seen as a useful, safe and inexpensive additive to smell disruption mixtures. However in follow-up experiments, possible under higher population pressures, it seems to need help from other flavour active substances regarding efficiency.
  • the test was commenced with Vanillin.
  • FCM a pilot test was conducted on a block of 10 x 10 full-bearing Navel orange trees on a farm in a citrus-growing area of the Cape region (of South Africa).
  • the block of trees was demarcated and the outer two rows were provided with a plurality of cloth strips which had been dipped in hot wax wherein 4% Vanilla had been dissolved.
  • the cloth strips were suspended from branches of the trees in these rows.
  • FCM sex pheromone trap counts were recorded weekly in five traps in the block of trees - one in each corner and one in the centre of the block. In the untreated part of the orchard approximately 20m around the demarcated block and along each of its four sides, four traps were monitored.
  • a test block (A) of 9 x 9 apple trees was selected in an orchard in an apple-growing area of the Cape region (of South Africa). In every other row 3 Vanillin dispensers, as used in the test described immediately above, were suspended in the branches of each tree. Five sex pheromone traps were positioned in the block, one at each corner and one at the centre of the block.
  • a second test block (B) was provided with 4 traps suspended from trees in the adjacent area i.e. in 2 rows of threes outside and around test block A. After 4 weeks of trap counts, the size of block A was increased and expanded to increase the area of (formerly untreated) block B.
  • test compounds were placed at an amount between 0,15 and 0,2g per jar and applied to the inside of the screw top on aluminium foil. Moths were placed in the scaled jars for varying periods.
  • insects effected by the odour active substances further suggest an irritation/unwanted effect of their chemosensilla which they try to get rid of by rubbing it off.
  • the reaction of the fruit flies to most of the odour active substances is an inceimpuls and active rubbing of their foreheads and extended mouthparts (probiscus) with its associated chemosensilla with their front legs.
  • the same was also seen in the case of the garden crickets stroking their antennas with their front legs and even pulling it through their mouthparts when exposed to salicylaldehyde vapour.
  • the first effect of all flavour active substances upon the 3 types of test insects used was a change from a immobile resting stance to rapid moving as if being irritated as soon as the vapours reach them from the inside of the jartops. Movements include running around, sitting on the one place and fluttering of wings, flying short distances and inducing copulation behaviour in males. After being effected, they lye on their sides and backs and rub their legs together.
  • Vanillin namely standard Vanillin, iso-Vanillin and ortho Vanillin, which are all hydroxy/methoxy benzaldehyde compounds. It was found that these and other flavouring compounds were injurious to the moths as measured by the shortening of their normal lifespan of approximately 10,5 days (250 hours).
  • the LD 50 periods for the untreated control and iso-Vanillin was approximately 160 hours, for standard Vanillin approximately 130 hours and for ortho- Vanillin only approximately 7,5 hours.
  • the LD S0 period is the time taken from the commencement of exposure of insects, in this case moths, to a relevant or suitable compound until 50% of the insects or moths are dead.
  • FCM false codling moth
  • CM codling moth
  • NVF Natal fruit fly
  • Phenolic substances (dosage 0,01 g/container):
  • Methyl salicylate 0,45- 1,17
  • Methyl naphtalene 1,6 - 6,25 Monoterpenoids (Dosage 0,005 g/container)
  • 2-Dodecanone 13 -78 Insect allomone compounds i.e. chemical defence and repulsive compounds which were taken as an indication of desired activity, and which are classified in the phenolic group, include methyl p-hydroxy benzoate, p- hydroxy benzaldehyde, hydroquinone, toluquinone and benzoquinone.
  • Naphthalene per se i.e. when used on its own is a recognised moth repellent but is also strongly toxic in respect of FCM as was also the case with methyl nephtalene. See the graphical representation above in Fig. 3 and Table 1 .
  • the mono-terpenoid group compounds are The mono-terpenoid group compounds:
  • Certain mono-terpenoid compounds were identified as flavouring and/or scent disrupting and/or irritating compounds, such as citronellal, myrtenal, verbenone, ips-dienone, thujone and terpene compounds. After it was established that these compounds are strongly toxic to FCM, it was attempted to establish their relative toxicities by reducing the dose per pot from the standard dose of 0, 15 g per pot in initial tests to 0,01 g, 0,005 g and 0,001 g per pot.
  • the most effective compounds of this group identified to date include thujo ⁇ e, citronellal, carvone and myrtenal which kill FCM in the time-frame of 1 ,0 to 1 ,5 hours, followed by citral and verbenone ( 2 to 3 hours), and iimonene (4 to 5 hours).
  • Terpe ⁇ yl acetate, geraniol, allo-octime ⁇ and eucalyptol (cineole) require higher doses to be effective in such short periods. See Table 1 and the graphical representation in Fig. 3 of the effectivity of mono-terpenoids in respect of FCM . See also Table 1 .
  • endogene mono-terpenoids in citrus include Iimonene. pheilandrene, cymene, linaloie, geraniol, citral, terpenene, citronellol, nerol, carvone, pinene, myrcene, sabi ⁇ ene, carene, and carnphene.
  • Mono-terpenoids which are used by certain insects as allomone/repellents against inter alia other insects include citronellal and pinene.
  • sex pheromone compounds of the Tortricid moths which include about 450 species worldwide, falls in the C 10 (deca) to C 14 (tetradeca) aliphatic groups . Since very sensitive smell acceptors are associated with these pheremones, suitable odour-active substances can be expected to be effective at very low dosages.
  • the C, 2 (dodeca) group is physiologically very important with moths of inter alia the Tortricid group, within which many of the important South African fruit pest insects fall, such as the common codling moth (Laspeyresia pomonella), false codling moth ⁇ Cryptophlebia leucotreta) and the Eastern fruit moth (Graphofita molesta).
  • Physiologically sensitive substances in this group include the sex pheremone compounds and plant wound hormones (traumatien), both of which are part of the Dodecenyl group, and the youth hormones and farnasene feeder plant marking compounds, both of which are part of the Dodecatriene group.
  • Insect allomone compounds are represented in most groups mentioned herein above, that is phenol, mono-terpenoides and the C 10 to C, 4 aikane and alkene series.
  • the toxicity versus FCM of certain insect allomone compounds has been reported before such as hydroxy and methyl hydroxy benzoate in the phenol group, citroneitol and citral in the mono-terpenoid group and dodecene and dodecanone in the C 10 to C 14 groups.
  • a special sub group of the insect allomone compounds which required investigation is ketones and/or methyl ketones of the C ⁇ to C 14 n-alkane and n-alkene series. Tests with this sub group compounds on FCM, CM and NFF are presently being conducted as well as with other allomone compound groups.
  • a spray mixture was prepared of the following substances and fruit bearing naval orange trees were treated therewith; salicyl aldehyde - 25ml, citronellal -25ml, and dodecene -25ml.
  • Cumulative moth deaths (% of total) over time (hours) were as follows: 1 ,75 hour - 61 ,7%; 18,75 hours - 76.6%; 21 .75 hours - 82,0%; and 25,3 hours - 90%.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
EP98932092A 1997-05-30 1998-05-28 Means amd method for pest control Withdrawn EP0984683A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA9704774 1997-05-30
ZA974774 1997-05-30
PCT/EP1998/003144 WO1998053678A2 (en) 1997-05-30 1998-05-28 Means amd method for pest control

Publications (1)

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EP0984683A2 true EP0984683A2 (en) 2000-03-15

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EP (1) EP0984683A2 (pt)
AP (1) AP9801249A0 (pt)
AU (1) AU8211098A (pt)
BR (1) BR9809199A (pt)
WO (1) WO1998053678A2 (pt)
ZA (1) ZA986236B (pt)

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SE515989C2 (sv) * 1999-03-23 2001-11-05 Robigus Ab Användning av vissa föreningar för skydd av barrträdsplantor mot insektsarterna Hylobius abietis, Hylobius pinastri, Hylobius pales, Hylobius congener och Pachylobius picivorus
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WO1998053678A2 (en) 1998-12-03
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WO1998053678A3 (en) 1999-03-11
AU8211098A (en) 1998-12-30
AP9801249A0 (en) 1999-11-29

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