EP0982949A2 - Bildverarbeitungsverfahren und -vorrichtung - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP0982949A2
EP0982949A2 EP19990306341 EP99306341A EP0982949A2 EP 0982949 A2 EP0982949 A2 EP 0982949A2 EP 19990306341 EP19990306341 EP 19990306341 EP 99306341 A EP99306341 A EP 99306341A EP 0982949 A2 EP0982949 A2 EP 0982949A2
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
encoding
encoded data
image
sample values
transforming
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Granted
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EP19990306341
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0982949B1 (de
EP0982949A3 (de
Inventor
Hiroshi Kajiwara
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Canon Inc
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Canon Inc
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Publication of EP0982949A3 publication Critical patent/EP0982949A3/de
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/117—Filters, e.g. for pre-processing or post-processing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/12—Selection from among a plurality of transforms or standards, e.g. selection between discrete cosine transform [DCT] and sub-band transform or selection between H.263 and H.264
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/12—Selection from among a plurality of transforms or standards, e.g. selection between discrete cosine transform [DCT] and sub-band transform or selection between H.263 and H.264
    • H04N19/122—Selection of transform size, e.g. 8x8 or 2x4x8 DCT; Selection of sub-band transforms of varying structure or type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/134—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/136—Incoming video signal characteristics or properties
    • H04N19/14—Coding unit complexity, e.g. amount of activity or edge presence estimation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
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    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/134—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/146—Data rate or code amount at the encoder output
    • H04N19/15—Data rate or code amount at the encoder output by monitoring actual compressed data size at the memory before deciding storage at the transmission buffer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/17—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object
    • H04N19/172—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a picture, frame or field
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/17—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object
    • H04N19/176—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a block, e.g. a macroblock
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/60—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H04N19/60—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding
    • H04N19/63—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding using sub-band based transform, e.g. wavelets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H04N19/63—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding using sub-band based transform, e.g. wavelets
    • H04N19/635—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding using sub-band based transform, e.g. wavelets characterised by filter definition or implementation details
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    • H04N19/63—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding using sub-band based transform, e.g. wavelets
    • H04N19/64—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding using sub-band based transform, e.g. wavelets characterised by ordering of coefficients or of bits for transmission
    • H04N19/645—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding using sub-band based transform, e.g. wavelets characterised by ordering of coefficients or of bits for transmission by grouping of coefficients into blocks after the transform
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/115—Selection of the code volume for a coding unit prior to coding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/134—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/146—Data rate or code amount at the encoder output
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/70—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals characterised by syntax aspects related to video coding, e.g. related to compression standards

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an image processing apparatus and method for encoding an image, and a storage medium that stores the method.
  • an original image is divided into four frequency bands LL, HL, LH, and HH, and processes for further dividing the lowest frequency band (LL(1)) of these divided bands into four frequency bands, and further dividing the lowest frequency band (LL(2)) of these divided bands are repeated for a predetermined number of times, thus generating 3m+1 (the number of times of wavelet transform) kinds of frequency bands.
  • the number of times of repetitions of the wavelet transform will be referred to as a level count hereinafter, and the respective frequency bands will be referred to as LL(m), HL(m), LH(m), and HH(m) by appending the level count to LL, HL, LH, and HH.
  • the LH component obtained by repeating the wavelet transform twice is expressed by LH(2).
  • the wavelet transform for some types of images to be encoded.
  • the coding efficiency can be improved when such image data undergoes a compression process as a post process of the wavelet transform before the wavelet transform, rather than the compression process after the wavelet transform.
  • an image processing apparatus comprising:
  • an image input unit 110 inputs image data to be encoded.
  • a frame memory 102 stores original image data (image data which is not wavelet-transformed, and is represented by LL(0) in the description of this embodiment) and the lowest frequency components LL(m) of the respective levels output from a discrete wavelet transforming circuit 103 (to be described below).
  • the discrete wavelet transforming circuit 103 computes the discrete wavelet transforms of the image data and lowest frequency components LL(m) of the respective levels stored in the frame memory 102.
  • An encoding circuit 104 encodes frequency bands HL(m), LH(m), and HH(m) (m indicates the number of times of wavelet transform) of the respective levels output from the discrete wavelet transforming circuit 103.
  • Encoding circuits 105 and 106 encode the lowest frequency components LL(m) of the respective levels output from the discrete wavelet transforming circuit 103.
  • the encoding schemes of the encoding circuits 105 and 106 are basically the same, and the encoding circuit 106 encodes LL(m-1) while the encoding circuit 105 encodes LL(m). For example, when the encoding circuit 105 encodes LL(1), the encoding circuit 106 encodes original image data LL(0); when the encoding circuit 105 encodes LL(2), the encoding circuit 106 encodes LL(1).
  • a multiplexer 107 multiplexes encoded data corresponding to frequency bands of an identical level. For example, the multiplexer 107 multiplexes three encoded data corresponding to HL(1), LH(1), and HH(1) output from the encoding circuit 104 to LL(1) output from the encoding circuit 105, and outputs encoded data corresponding to four frequency bands.
  • Memories 108, 109, 110, and 111 respectively store three encoded data corresponding to HL(m), LH(m), and HH(m).
  • the memory 108 stores three encoded data corresponding to level 1
  • the memory 109 stores three encoded data corresponding to level 2
  • the memory 110 stores three encoded data corresponding to level 3.
  • These memories are prepared in correspondence with the number of required levels, and each memory sequentially stores three encoded data corresponding to level (m), as shown in the memory 111.
  • Encoding amount counters 112 and 113 count the code length.
  • the counter 112 counts the code length of encoded data corresponding to four frequency bands LL(m), HL(m), LH(m), and HH(m) output from the multiplexer 107 (encoding circuits 104 and 105)
  • the counter 113 counts the code length of encoded data corresponding to LL(m-1) output from the encoding circuit 106.
  • a comparing circuit 114 compares the code lengths counted by the counters 112 and 113.
  • a selector 115 selectively outputs one of a plurality of input encoded data. When the selector 115 receives encoded data corresponding to LL(m-1) from the encoding circuit 106, it receives encoded data corresponding to four frequency bands LL(m), HL(m), LH(m), and HH(m) from the multiplexer 107.
  • the selector 115 when the selector 115 receives data obtained by directly encoding original image data LL(0), it receives encoded data corresponding to four frequency bands LL(1), HL(1), LH(1), and HH(1) from the multiplexer 107; when the selector 115 receives data obtained by encoding LL(1) from the encoding circuit 106, it receives encoded data corresponding to four frequency bands LL(2), HL(2), LH(2), and HH(2) from the multiplexer 107.
  • the image input unit 101 inputs original image data LL(0) indicating an image to be encoded for one frame in units of pixels in the raster-scan order, and the frame memory 102 stores the input image data.
  • the image input unit 101 may comprise, e.g., an image sensing device such as a scanner, a digital camera or the like, an interface for a network line, or the like.
  • the switch 116 Upon completion of storage of all the pixels of image data (for one frame in this embodiment), the switch 116 is set to be connected to terminal b. In this setup, the switch 116 is connected to terminal a after final encoded data corresponding to this image data is output from the multiplexer 118.
  • transformation formulas are for linear data.
  • the image data can be decomposed into four sub-bands LL(m), HL(m), LH(m), and HH(m) (initially, LL(1), HL(1), LH(1), and HH(1)).
  • Coefficients of the sub-bands other than the LL(m) sub-band are output to the encoding circuit 104 in the order of HL(m), LH(m), and HH(m), and those of the LL(m) sub-band are output to the encoding circuit 105 and are stored in a free area in the frame memory 102.
  • the encoding circuit 105 encodes the coefficients that form the LL(m) (initially, LL(1)) sub-band by the JPEG reversible process (predictive coding + entropy coding in units of coefficients). Since the JPEG reversible process is described in the recommendations ITU-T T.81 and ISO/IEC 10918-1, a detailed description thereof will be omitted. In the JPEG reversible process, one of Huffman coding and arithmetic coding can be selected as entropy coding. In this embodiment, Huffman coding is used. On the other hand, as prediction schemes of pixel values, seven different prediction schemes can be selected. This embodiment uses plane prediction (a scheme using Ra+Rb-Rc as a predicted value). Note that Ra, Rb, and Rc in that prediction scheme are values corresponding to left neighboring, upper neighboring, and upper left coefficients of the coefficient to be encoded.
  • plane prediction a scheme using Ra+Rb-Rc as
  • the encoding circuit 104 sets the entire sub-band to be encoded (one of HL(m), LH(m), and HH(m)) as a block to be processed (first block of interest).
  • a maximum value Cmax of the absolute values of the coefficients which form the block of interest is obtained, and is compared with a threshold value 2 n -1 determined by the number n of bits of interest. If Cmax is larger than the threshold value 2 n -1, the flow advances to step 705; otherwise, the flow advances to step 702.
  • the encoded data output from corresponding to the HL(m), LH(m), and HH(m) (initially, HL(1), LH(1), and HH(1)) sub-bands output from the encoding circuit 104 are also output to the multiplexer 107, which multiplexes these data to encoded data corresponding to the frequency band LL(m) (initially, LL(1)) of the identical level generated by the encoding circuit 105 and outputs encoded data multiplexed in the order corresponding to LL(m), HL(m), LH(m), and HH(m).
  • the encoding circuit 106 encodes the latest data LL(m-1) (initially, original image data LL(0), and image data changes to LL(1), LL2(2),... upon repeating the processes, as will be described later) stored in the frame memory.
  • the encoding scheme of this encoding circuit 106 is the JPEG reversible process as in the encoding circuit 105, and predictive coding in units of pixels (or coefficients) (plane prediction that outputs a predicted value Ra+Rb-Rc using values Ra, Rb, and Rc of left neighboring, upper neighboring, and upper left pixels (or coefficients) + entropy coding (Huffman coding) are similarly executed.
  • the encoding amount counter 113 counts the code length of the encoded data (initially, encoded data corresponding to original image data LL(0)) output from the encoding circuit 106, and outputs that code length to the comparing circuit 114.
  • the latest data LL(m) (LL(1) in case of the first repetition) already stored in the frame memory 102 undergoes a series of processes which are the same as those for the previously processed data LL(m-1) (original image data LL(O) in case of the first repetition).
  • the scope of the present invention includes a case wherein the above embodiments are implemented by some or all actual processes executed by a CPU or the like of a function extension board or a function extension unit, which is inserted in or connected to the computer, after the program code read out from the storage medium is stored in a memory of the function extension board or unit.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Discrete Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Compression Or Coding Systems Of Tv Signals (AREA)
  • Compression Of Band Width Or Redundancy In Fax (AREA)
  • Compression, Expansion, Code Conversion, And Decoders (AREA)
  • Image Processing (AREA)
EP19990306341 1998-08-24 1999-08-11 Bildverarbeitungsverfahren und -vorrichtung Expired - Lifetime EP0982949B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP23707498 1998-08-24
JP23707498A JP2000069292A (ja) 1998-08-24 1998-08-24 画像処理装置及び方法及び記憶媒体

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EP0982949A2 true EP0982949A2 (de) 2000-03-01
EP0982949A3 EP0982949A3 (de) 2003-10-08
EP0982949B1 EP0982949B1 (de) 2010-01-20

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EP (1) EP0982949B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2000069292A (de)
DE (1) DE69941941D1 (de)

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EP0982949B1 (de) 2010-01-20
EP0982949A3 (de) 2003-10-08
US6501859B1 (en) 2002-12-31
JP2000069292A (ja) 2000-03-03

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