EP0972572B1 - Hocheffiziente Zyklone - Google Patents

Hocheffiziente Zyklone Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0972572B1
EP0972572B1 EP99670006A EP99670006A EP0972572B1 EP 0972572 B1 EP0972572 B1 EP 0972572B1 EP 99670006 A EP99670006 A EP 99670006A EP 99670006 A EP99670006 A EP 99670006A EP 0972572 B1 EP0972572 B1 EP 0972572B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cyclone
diameter
cyclones
geometries
height
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP99670006A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0972572A3 (de
EP0972572A2 (de
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Romualdo Luis Ribera Salcedo
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/08—Vortex chamber constructions
    • B04C5/081—Shapes or dimensions

Definitions

  • the present invention concerning cyclones, fits into the technical area of dedusting equipment.
  • cyclones are dedusters employed in a variety of industries, with two complementary objectives: dust removal from gases emitted from industrial processes, before release to the atmosphere (e.g. flue gas cleaning), and dust recovery of raw materials used in various processes (e.g. wood, cork, ferrous and non-ferrous industries).
  • Industrial cyclones are of various types, but the most widely used are reverse-flow cyclones, such as shown in Fig.1.
  • the gas enters through the rectangular section ab and describes a descending spiral, eventually changing the direction of movement due to the established pressure field (thus the name 'reverse-flow') exiting through the vortex finder of length s and diameter D e .
  • the heavier (larger or denser) particles are swept to the cyclone wall and end up in the cyclone bottom, where they are separated from the gas.
  • Pe A . R e B
  • ( A,B ) are two appropriate constants
  • Pe is the non-dimensional Peclet number, which depends on the particles' turbulent diffusivity
  • Re is the non-dimensional Reynolds number, which depends on cyclone geometry and operating conditions.
  • the operating conditions when coupled to the ML theory and to the cyclone geometry, give the corresponding value for Re. From correlation (1), the value of Pe is then obtained, which then gives directly the corresponding value for the particles' turbulent diffusivity.
  • a computer program was developed to optimise the cyclone geometry, based on two distinct criteria: maximum efficiency and maximum ratio efficiency/costs.
  • the investment and operating costs were estimated by maximising a non-dimensional parameter K Licht , proposed by Licht (1980).
  • the computer program uses the ML theory with the estimated diffusivity obtained from correlation (1), and optimises the cyclone geometry using a non-linear optimiser available (Salcedo, 1992).
  • Several constraints were imposed on the optimisation, such as geometric criteria, to obtain feasible cyclones, and maximum pressure drop criteria, to obtain cost effective designs.
  • the maximum pressure drop was set at 1500 Pa ( ⁇ 150mm w.g.), as these are usual values in high-efficiency cyclones for industrial applications.
  • optimised designs correspond to cyclones where saltation is small or absent (emission to the atmosphere of reentrained particles).
  • the optimised designs should have collection efficiencies close to the design targets.
  • High efficiency reverse flow cyclones as per the invention which comprise a tangential entry of essentially rectangular section, of sides a and b , the first parallel to the cyclone axis, as well as a body of height H, with an upper cylindrical body of diameter D and height h, with a lower inverted cone with bottom base of diameter D b , as well as a cylindrical vortex finder of diameter D e and length s - with geometries obtained as described above, are characterised, respectively for both geometries A or B (the first relative to maximum efficiency cyclones and the second to cyclones with a maximum value for the parameter K Licht , e.g., the ratio efficiency/cost) as having the aforementioned sides, heights and diameters interrelated so that the ratios of the corresponding internal dimensions to the cyclone internal diameter are between the non-dimensional values listed in the first seven lines of Table 1.
  • Table 2 shows the same ratios as given in table 1, for various known geometries.
  • Table 2 - Geometries of cyclones available in the literature Ratio (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) a/D 0.544 0.500 0.500 0.750 0.500 0.440 0.500 0.583 0.635 b/D 0.306 0.230 0.200 0.375 0.250 0.210 0.250 0.208 0.279 s/D 0.544 0.654 0.500 0.875 0.625 0.500 0.600 0.583 0.500 D e /D 0.500 0.523 0.500 0.750 0.500 0.400 0.500 0.500 0.583 h/D 0.544 0.654 1.500 1.500 2.000 1.400 1.750 1.333 1.750 H/D 2.988 3.165 4.000 4.000 4.000 3.900 3.750 3.170 3.850 D b /D 0.500 0.317 0.375 0.375 0.250 0.400 0.400 0.500 0.400 (H-h)/D
  • cyclone A has all the ratios of the seven key dimensions different from all other cyclones, except in three cases, where, even so, the differences are enormous since only one ratio is common to some other geometry, while the six remainder are all different.
  • cyclone B the situation, in number, is exactly the same.
  • cyclone B relative to cyclone A is characterised by a common trait for the both first three ratios and the last ratio of the key dimensions, since the interval limits for cyclone B are within the interval limits for cyclone A. Furthermore, since the first two ratios are identical, for each cyclone type, this shows that the two geometries share some common gas entry characteristics.
  • the present patent request refers to two reverse-flow cyclone geometries, which were optimised by computer, with geometrical characteristics very different from cyclones available in the marketplace and being both significantly more efficient. Cyclone A is the most efficient while cyclone B, with a somewhat lower efficiency, has also correspondingly lower pressure losses and investment and operating costs.
  • Figure 3 shows the behaviour of two minicyclones, respectively cyclone A, and the other, cyclone 3 as referred.
  • This figure shows the experimental grade efficiencies (shown by white dots for cyclone A and by black dots for cyclone 3), and also, for both cyclones, the expected grade efficiencies from the ML theory when coupled with the estimates of turbulent diffusivity given by correlation (1). These are represented by a discontinuous curve for cyclone A and by a continuous curve for cyclone 3.
  • the test dust is ultra fine, since it has a mean mass diameter of 1.37 ⁇ m (it is the mass distribution that matters since the emission legal limits refers to dust concentration on a mass basis).
  • the global efficiencies which are weighted averages of the grade efficiencies taking into account the particle size distribution, were respectively of 38% and 55% for cyclones 3 and A, viz. the penetration through the optimised cyclone was 27% lower in comparison with the Stairmand HE cyclone.
  • optimised geometries may significantly reduce the penetrations in comparison with other high efficiency designs, at comparable pressure drop and saltation (reentrainment) effects.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Hochleistüngs-Cregenstromzyklon - mit einem tangentialen spiralförmigen Einlass von im wesentlichen rechteckigen Querschnitt mit Seiten a und b, von denen die erste parallel zur Zyklonachse liegt; einem Gehäuse mit einem oberen, zylindrischen Gehäuseabschnitt mit dem Durchmesser D und der Höhe h und einem unteren, umgekehrten Konusabschnitt mit dem Basisdurchmesser D b ; und einem zylindrischen Vortexnustrittsrohr der Höhe s- gekennzeichnet durch die wechselseitigen Beziehungen zwischen den Seiten, Höhen und Durchmessern, derart, dass die Verhältnisse der einander zugeordneten, inneren Abmessungen zu dem inneren Zyklondurchmesser D den folgenden dimensionslosen Intervallen entsprechen: a/D 0,270-0,360 b/D 0,270-0,360 s/D 0,330-0,495 D b /D 0,200-0,300
  2. Gegenstromzyklon - mit hoher Leistung gemäß dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, mit einem Gehäuse der Höhe H mit einem oberen, zylindrischen Gehäuseabschnitt der Höhe h und einem zylindrischen Vortexaustrittarohr des Durchmessers De - dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass seine Geometrie zusätzlich definiert ist durch Ausdrücke der Verhältnisse von Höhen und Durchmesser zu dem zugeordneten, inneren Zyklondurchmesser D entsprechend den folgenden dimensionslosen Intervallen: D e /D 0,280-0,370 h/D 1,001-1,300 H/D 4,050-4,250
  3. Gegenstromzyklon - mit hoher Leistung gemäß dem ersten Anspruch, mit einem Gehäuse der Höhe H mit einem oberen, zylindrischen Gehäuseabschnitt der Höhe h und einem zylindrischen Vortexaustrittsrohr des Durchmessers D e - dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass seine Geometrie zusätzlich definiert ist durch Ausdrücke der Verhältnisse von Höhen und Durchmesser zu dem zugeordneten inneren Zyklonduxchmesser D entsprechend den folgenden dimensionslosen Intervallen: D e /D 0,405-0,430 h/D 2,050-2,260 H/D 3,500-3,700
    und durch Ausdrücke der Verhältnisse gemäß dem ersten Anspruch entsprechend den folgenden Untergruppen: a/D 0,270-0,310 b/D 0,270-0,310 s/D 0,330-0,395 D b /D 0,250-0,300
  4. Zyklon nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Seiten a und b gleich sind mit einem quadratischen Einlassquerschnitt.
  5. Zyklon nach Anspruch 3, gekennzeichnet durch einen entlang seiner Außenseite geführten, tangentialen Einlass.
EP99670006A 1998-06-08 1999-06-08 Hocheffiziente Zyklone Expired - Lifetime EP0972572B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PT102166A PT102166B (pt) 1998-06-08 1998-06-08 Ciclones de elevada eficiencia
PT10216698 1998-06-08

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0972572A2 EP0972572A2 (de) 2000-01-19
EP0972572A3 EP0972572A3 (de) 2001-03-14
EP0972572B1 true EP0972572B1 (de) 2006-12-06

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EP99670006A Expired - Lifetime EP0972572B1 (de) 1998-06-08 1999-06-08 Hocheffiziente Zyklone

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EP (1) EP0972572B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE347448T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69934274T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2278433T3 (de)
PT (2) PT102166B (de)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU2003226488A1 (en) * 2002-03-19 2003-10-08 Bp Chemicals Limited Separation of gases and solids using a cyclone
DE60314852T2 (de) * 2002-03-19 2007-11-08 Ineos Europe Ltd., Lyndhurst Zyklon zur zentrifugaltrennung eines gemisches aus gas und feststoffteilchen
DE102004054304A1 (de) 2004-11-09 2006-05-11 Basell Polyolefine Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Gasphasenpolymerisation von Olefinen
DE102004054628A1 (de) * 2004-11-11 2006-05-18 Basell Polyolefine Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Gasphasenpolymerisation von Olefinen, insbesondere Ethylen
BRPI0803051B1 (pt) * 2008-06-30 2019-01-15 Petroleo Brasileiro S/A Petrobras separador ciclônico de suspensão gás-sólido e método de separação
IT1394230B1 (it) * 2009-05-15 2012-06-01 Repetti Dispositivo per l'abbattimento delle polveri nei fumi di combustione in stufe domestiche
FR2988307B1 (fr) 2012-03-26 2014-03-21 Coutier Moulage Gen Ind Separateur a cyclone
CN102658244A (zh) * 2012-05-09 2012-09-12 王合 旋风除尘器和使用该旋风除尘器的外旋四联体除尘器
CN103785550B (zh) * 2012-10-29 2017-03-01 中国石油化工股份有限公司 气流式颗粒分选器和流化床反应器及其应用
PT107312B (pt) * 2013-11-25 2022-05-10 Advanced Cyclone Systems S A Ciclone aglomerador de fluxo invertido e respectivo processo
DE202016102385U1 (de) 2016-05-04 2016-05-24 Outotec (Finland) Oy Zyklon und Tauchrohr zur Separation von Partikeln aus einem Gas

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9205057U1 (de) * 1992-04-10 1992-06-17 H. Krantz Gmbh & Co, 5100 Aachen Filteranlage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PT102166A (pt) 1998-12-31
DE69934274D1 (de) 2007-01-18
PT972572E (pt) 2007-03-30
PT102166B (pt) 2000-03-31
ES2278433T3 (es) 2007-08-01
DE69934274T2 (de) 2007-07-05
EP0972572A3 (de) 2001-03-14
EP0972572A2 (de) 2000-01-19
ATE347448T1 (de) 2006-12-15

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