EP0971561A1 - Résistance électrique chauffante pour four électrique et procédé de fabrication d'une telle résistance - Google Patents
Résistance électrique chauffante pour four électrique et procédé de fabrication d'une telle résistance Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0971561A1 EP0971561A1 EP99401460A EP99401460A EP0971561A1 EP 0971561 A1 EP0971561 A1 EP 0971561A1 EP 99401460 A EP99401460 A EP 99401460A EP 99401460 A EP99401460 A EP 99401460A EP 0971561 A1 EP0971561 A1 EP 0971561A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- particles
- resistance
- heating
- silicon carbide
- sintering
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract 5
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 14
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004264 Petrolatum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- HIGRAKVNKLCVCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumine Chemical compound C1=CC=[Al]C=C1 HIGRAKVNKLCVCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940066842 petrolatum Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000019271 petrolatum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodamine B Chemical compound [Cl-].C=12C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C2OC2=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C2C=1C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010063493 Premature ageing Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000032038 Premature aging Diseases 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003416 augmentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002223 garnet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940099259 vaseline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
- H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
- H05B3/141—Conductive ceramics, e.g. metal oxides, metal carbides, barium titanate, ferrites, zirconia, vitrous compounds
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
- H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
- H05B3/148—Silicon, e.g. silicon carbide, magnesium silicide, heating transistors or diodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/62—Heating elements specially adapted for furnaces
- H05B3/64—Heating elements specially adapted for furnaces using ribbon, rod, or wire heater
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrical resistance heater for electric oven, as well as a method of manufacturing such a resistance.
- the electric heating resistors are for example produced by sintering particles of ceramic material, and in particular grains of silicon carbide.
- Silicon carbide which is widely used in the manufacture of such heating elements provides relatively robust resistors with excellent thermal properties.
- the premature aging of such resistance is also due to the nature elements added to silicon carbide which generate, at high temperature, a secondary phase of low viscosity. The diffusion of oxygen towards the core of the material can then easily occur and cause oxidation of the heating element.
- the object of the invention is to overcome these drawbacks.
- an electric heating resistance for an oven electric comprising a heating resistive part in ceramic material, characterized in that the ceramic material comprises a sintered mixture of carbide particles of silicon, doping particles suitable for obtaining, after filtering; of a phase electrically conductive and mineral particles.
- FIG 1 there is shown a conforming electrical resistance heater to the invention, designated by the general reference 10.
- the resistance shown in this figure has a generally cylindrical shape, however, the invention also applies to the manufacture of heating resistors of any shape, in particular to tubular, straight or bent resistors.
- the resistor 10 essentially comprises a heating body 12 provided with a or two (as shown) mutually opposite end zones 14 and 16 forming mechanical fixing and electrical connection terminals.
- Terminals 14 and 16 have lower resistance than the body heating 12 and are either formed by machining the body, or produced by adding a cylinder on one or on each end of the body 12 and welding thereon.
- Resistor 10 is produced by sintering a ceramic material.
- the resistive part 12 comprises a sintered mixture of silicon carbide particles, doping particles suitable for obtaining a electrically conductive phase, consisting of nickel oxide, and particles minerals allowing liquid sintering of silicon carbide elements, by example of alumina and yttrium oxide.
- the silicon carbide particles In order to improve the density of the resistance, and therefore to decrease its porosity, the silicon carbide particles have a size between 0.1 micron and 20 microns, preferably equal to 1.5 microns.
- particles of silicon carbide constitute two populations whose size distributions are centered on 1 ⁇ m and 10 ⁇ m, respectively, the size distribution of the nickel oxide particles being centered on 0.5 ⁇ m.
- these particles of silicon carbide consist of commercial silicon carbide, for example of the FCP type, sold by "NORTON", USA, in powder form, the composition of which is illustrated in the table shown in the figure 2.
- the electrical connection and mechanical fixing terminals 14 and 16 of the resistance 10 also consist of a sintered mixture of carbide particles of silicon and mineral particles, identical to the particles entering into the constitution of the heating resistive part 12 and comprise a concentration of doping particles leading to a conductive electrical phase greater than that of the heating part.
- terminals 14 and 16 As a variant, and as visible in FIG. 1, it is possible to form the terminals 14 and 16, as described below, forming these during the manufacturing the heating part 12, by providing end zones having a cross-section of dimension larger than that of the resistive part heater 12, either obtained by machining the middle part of the resistor so as to reduce its cross-section, either as mentioned previously, reported on the extremities of the body 12.
- the first step consists of a raw material preparation step.
- NORTON FCP powder additives consisting of particles of mineral matter, namely alumina, AL 2 O 3 , and yttrium oxide Y 2 O 3 , and doping particles, namely nickel oxide NIO, leading to an electrically conductive phase.
- the mixture thus formed is then dried by passage in an oven at 80 ° C. or by atomization, until complete evaporation of the solvent.
- the resistance is shaped into using an extrusion technique.
- organic constituents are used so as to form a dough with rheological characteristics compatible with deformation during passage through a nozzle of an extruder and good mechanical strength of the elements extruded before cooking.
- the organic constituents comprise, previously prepared in the form gel, for example methylcellulose binder, a plasticizer, for example petrolatum as well as lubricants, for example an amine and oleic acid, and are incorporated into the mixture consisting of silicon carbide, mineral particles and doping particles during a mixing step, maintained for example during one o'clock.
- a plasticizer for example petrolatum as well as lubricants, for example an amine and oleic acid
- the dough is then extruded, using an extruder, so as to form cylindrical bars.
- the next manufacturing phase begins with a first processing step thermal aimed at the elimination of organic constituents.
- the bars are placed under ambient air, and a first rise from 20 ° C to 150 ° C using a speed of 30 ° C per hour, then maintains a one hour plateau at this temperature. Then we climb temperature from 150 ° C to 300 ° C, also using a speed of 30 ° C per hour, then this temperature is maintained at 300 ° C for one hour. A third climb in temperature is carried out so as to bring the bars to a temperature of 450 ° C., in using a speed of 30 ° C per hour. We keep the bars at the latter temperature for one hour, then allowed to cool to room temperature.
- the bars thus obtained are then introduced into another oven to undergo the final sintering heat treatment proper.
- Sintering is carried out on the one hand, under vacuum, by raising the temperature by 20 ° C. at 900 ° C, using a speed of 300 ° C per hour, then, under argon, at a pressure of a bar, by raising the temperature from 900 ° C to 2000 ° C, using a speed of 300 ° C per hour, maintaining a two-hour plateau at 2000 ° C, and finally, leaving the resistor will cool down to room temperature.
- Another neutral gas, for nitrogen, for example, can also be used.
- the part heater 12 is extended, on at least one of its ends, by a terminal 14 and 16, of electrical connection and mechanical fixing is added by adding a cylinder on the end of the bars, welded to the heating resistive part 12, or machined after extrusion, is formed simultaneously during the same extrusion step, in providing corresponding end zones having a cross section larger than those of the heating part 12.
- connection terminals 14 and 16 are it is possible to form the added part (s) using a concentration of doping particles leading to an electrically conductive phase higher than that of the heating resistive part 12.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Apparatuses And Processes For Manufacturing Resistors (AREA)
- Non-Adjustable Resistors (AREA)
- Electronic Switches (AREA)
- Ceramic Products (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
- Conductive Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- les particules minérales comportent de l'alumine et de l'oxyde d'yttrium et les particules dopantes comportent de l'oxyde de nickel;
- la taille des particules de carbure de silicium est comprise entre 0,5 micron et 20 microns ;
- la résistance comporte en outre au moins une borne de raccordement électrique et de fixation mécanique de la résistance, prolongeant au moins une zone d'extrémité correspondante de la partie résistive chauffante et comprenant un mélange fritté de particules de carbure de silicium, de particules minérales et de particules dopantes adaptées pour l'obtention, après frittage, d'une phase électriquement conductrice;
- la borne de raccordement électrique comporte une concentration en particules dopantes supérieure à celle de la partie chauffante; et
- en variante, la borne de raccordement comporte une section en coupe transversale de dimension supérieure à celle de la partie résistive chauffante.
- préparation d'un mélange de particules de carbure de silicium, de particules dopantes et de particules minérales,
- ajout d'au moins une matière organique au mélange préparé,
- mise en forme de la résistance par extrusion,
- traitement thermique de la résistance formée en vue de l'élimination de ladite au moins une matière organique, et
- frittage de la résistance formée, les particules dopantes étant adaptées pour l'obtention, après filtrage, d'une phase électriquement conductrice.
- l'étape d'ajout de matière organique consiste à ajouter au mélange de particules au moins un élément liant, au moins un élément plastifiant, et au moins un élément lubrifiant ;
- au cours de l'étape de mise en forme de la résistance, on forme au moins une borne de raccordement électrique et de fixation mécanique par augmentation de la section d'au moins une zone d'extrémité correspondante de la résistance ;
- en variante, on forme au moins une borne de raccordement électrique et de fixation mécanique par réduction de la section de la partie médiane de la résistance.
- la figure 1 est une vue schématique de profil d'une résistance électrique chauffante suivant l'invention; et
- la figure 2 est un tableau illustrant la composition d'une matière céramique entrant dans la constitution de la résistance de la figure 1.
- carbure de silicium : 90 à 99% en poids,
- alumine : 0,45 à 5% en poids,
- oxyde d'yttrium : 0,3 à 3% en poids, et
- oxyde de nickel : 0,25 à 4% en poids, et ce en fonction de la température à laquelle est effectuée une étape ultérieure de traitement thermique en vue du frittage de la résistance, et en fonction des caractéristiques du produit fini désirées, le reste étant constitué d'un solvant approprié pour l'utilisation envisagée.
- gel de méthylcellulose : 2% en poids de methylcellulose,
- huile de vaseline : 3 à 7% en poids,
- rhodamine :0,25 à 1% en poids, et
- acide oléique : 0,25 à 1% en poids.
Claims (12)
- Résistance électrique chauffante pour four électrique, comprenant une partie (12) résistive chauffante en matière céramique, caractérisée en ce que la matière céramique comporte un mélange fritté de particules de carbure de silicium, de particules dopantes adaptées pour l'obtention, après frittage, d'une phase électriquement conductrice et de particules minérales.
- Résistance chauffante selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les particules minérales comportent de l'alumine et de l'oxyde d'yttrium et en ce que les particules dopantes comportent de l'oxyde de nickel.
- Résistance chauffante selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisée en ce que la taille des particules de carbure de silicium est comprise entre 0,1 micron et 20 microns.
- Résistance chauffante selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte en outre au moins une borne (14,16) de raccordement électrique et de fixation mécanique de la résistance (10), prolongeant au moins une zone d'extrémité correspondante de la partie (12) résistive chauffante et comprenant un mélange fritté de particules de carbure de silicium, de particules minérales et de particules dopantes adaptées pour l'obtention, après frittage, d'une phase électriquement conductrice.
- Résistance chauffante selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que la borne (14,16) de raccordement électrique comporte une concentration en particules dopantes supérieure à celle de la partie chauffante.
- Résistance chauffante selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que la borne (14,16) de raccordement comporte une section en coupe transversale de dimension supérieure à celle de la partie (12) résistive chauffante.
- Procédé de fabrication d'une résistance chauffante en matière céramique pour four électrique, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte les étapes de :préparation d'un mélange de particules de carbure de silicium, de particules dopantes et de particules minérales,ajout d'au moins une matière organique au mélange préparé,mise en forme de la résistance par extrusion,traitement thermique de la résistance formée en vue de l'élimination de ladite au moins une matière organique, etfrittage de la résistance formée,
- Procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que la taille des particules de carbure de silicium est comprise entre 0,1 micron et 20 microns.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 7 et 8, caractérisé en ce que les particules minérales comportent de l'alumine et de l'oxyde d'yttrium et les particules dopantes comportent de l'oxyde de nickel.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 9, caractérisé en ce que l'étape d'ajout de matière organique consiste à ajouter au mélange de particules au moins un élément liant, au moins un élément plastifiant et au moins un élément lubrifiant.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 10, caractérisé en ce qu'au cours de l'étape de mise en forme de la résistance, l'on forme au moins une borne de raccordement électrique de fixation mécanique par augmentation de la section d'au moins une zone d'extrémité correspondante de la résistance.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 10, caractérisé en ce qu'au cours de l'étape de mise en forme de la résistance, l'on forme au moins une borne de raccordement électrique et de fixation mécanique par réduction de la section de la partie médiane de la résistance.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9808634 | 1998-07-06 | ||
FR9808634A FR2780845B1 (fr) | 1998-07-06 | 1998-07-06 | Resistance electrique chauffante pour four electrique et procede de fabrication d'une telle resistance |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0971561A1 true EP0971561A1 (fr) | 2000-01-12 |
EP0971561B1 EP0971561B1 (fr) | 2002-09-11 |
Family
ID=9528315
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99401460A Expired - Lifetime EP0971561B1 (fr) | 1998-07-06 | 1999-06-14 | Résistance électrique chauffante pour four électrique et procédé de fabrication d'une telle résistance |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6146550A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0971561B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2000036371A (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE224127T1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2276678A1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69902853T2 (fr) |
DK (1) | DK0971561T3 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2183491T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2780845B1 (fr) |
NO (1) | NO993306L (fr) |
PT (1) | PT971561E (fr) |
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US11097985B2 (en) | 2017-05-10 | 2021-08-24 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Carbon composite composition and carbon heater manufactured using the same |
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US6616890B2 (en) * | 2001-06-15 | 2003-09-09 | Harvest Precision Components, Inc. | Fabrication of an electrically conductive silicon carbide article |
KR100474333B1 (ko) * | 2002-04-09 | 2005-03-08 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 전열기의 발열체 단자 구조 |
PL2610570T3 (pl) * | 2011-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | Ipsen, Inc. | Układ elementu grzejnego dla pieca próżniowego do obróbki cieplnej |
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Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4174971A (en) * | 1975-12-11 | 1979-11-20 | Bulten-Kanthal Aktiebolag | Silicon carbide body containing a molybdenum disilicide alloy |
JPS6027653A (ja) * | 1983-07-21 | 1985-02-12 | 株式会社日立製作所 | セラミツク抵抗材料 |
EP0180928A2 (fr) * | 1984-11-08 | 1986-05-14 | Norton Company | Composition réfractaire et produits obtenus à partir de ladite composition |
FR2575458A1 (fr) * | 1984-12-17 | 1986-07-04 | Toshiba Ceramics Co | Corps en carbure de silicium fritte compact, element chauffant forme d'un tel corps et appareil de chauffage contenant cet element chauffant |
SU1685752A1 (ru) * | 1989-05-29 | 1991-10-23 | Тернопольский Государственный Педагогический Институт Им.Я.А.Галана | Покрытие дл карбидокремниевых электронагревателей |
JPH0547455A (ja) * | 1991-08-20 | 1993-02-26 | Nippon Pillar Packing Co Ltd | セラミツク製ヒーター |
WO1993014044A1 (fr) * | 1992-01-16 | 1993-07-22 | University Of Cincinnati | Element de chauffage electrique, composite connexe et composition et methode de production de ces derniers par synthese micropyretique sans matrice |
FR2757736A1 (fr) * | 1996-12-24 | 1998-06-26 | Electricite De France | Resistance electrique chauffante a longevite amelioree et procede de revetement d'une resistance electrique chauffante |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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SU1636400A1 (ru) * | 1989-04-03 | 1991-03-23 | Днепропетровский государственный университет им.300-летия воссоединения Украины с Россией | Шихта дл изготовлени электронагревателей |
-
1998
- 1998-07-06 FR FR9808634A patent/FR2780845B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-06-14 DK DK99401460T patent/DK0971561T3/da active
- 1999-06-14 DE DE69902853T patent/DE69902853T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-06-14 AT AT99401460T patent/ATE224127T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-06-14 EP EP99401460A patent/EP0971561B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-06-14 PT PT99401460T patent/PT971561E/pt unknown
- 1999-06-14 ES ES99401460T patent/ES2183491T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-06-30 US US09/343,204 patent/US6146550A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-06-30 CA CA002276678A patent/CA2276678A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 1999-07-02 NO NO993306A patent/NO993306L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-07-05 JP JP11190140A patent/JP2000036371A/ja active Pending
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EP0180928A2 (fr) * | 1984-11-08 | 1986-05-14 | Norton Company | Composition réfractaire et produits obtenus à partir de ladite composition |
FR2575458A1 (fr) * | 1984-12-17 | 1986-07-04 | Toshiba Ceramics Co | Corps en carbure de silicium fritte compact, element chauffant forme d'un tel corps et appareil de chauffage contenant cet element chauffant |
SU1685752A1 (ru) * | 1989-05-29 | 1991-10-23 | Тернопольский Государственный Педагогический Институт Им.Я.А.Галана | Покрытие дл карбидокремниевых электронагревателей |
JPH0547455A (ja) * | 1991-08-20 | 1993-02-26 | Nippon Pillar Packing Co Ltd | セラミツク製ヒーター |
WO1993014044A1 (fr) * | 1992-01-16 | 1993-07-22 | University Of Cincinnati | Element de chauffage electrique, composite connexe et composition et methode de production de ces derniers par synthese micropyretique sans matrice |
FR2757736A1 (fr) * | 1996-12-24 | 1998-06-26 | Electricite De France | Resistance electrique chauffante a longevite amelioree et procede de revetement d'une resistance electrique chauffante |
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SOVIET PATENTS ABSTRACTS Week 9230, Derwent World Patents Index; AN 92-248581, XP002097184 * |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11097985B2 (en) | 2017-05-10 | 2021-08-24 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Carbon composite composition and carbon heater manufactured using the same |
CN108934087A (zh) * | 2017-05-26 | 2018-12-04 | Lg电子株式会社 | 碳发热体 |
EP3425997A3 (fr) * | 2017-05-26 | 2019-03-20 | LG Electronics Inc. | Élément chauffant en carbone et son procédé de fabrication |
US11096249B2 (en) | 2017-05-26 | 2021-08-17 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Carbon heating element and method for manufacturing a carbon heating element |
CN108934087B (zh) * | 2017-05-26 | 2022-06-14 | Lg电子株式会社 | 碳发热体 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2276678A1 (fr) | 2000-01-06 |
NO993306D0 (no) | 1999-07-02 |
NO993306L (no) | 2000-01-07 |
PT971561E (pt) | 2003-01-31 |
DE69902853T2 (de) | 2003-05-22 |
EP0971561B1 (fr) | 2002-09-11 |
DK0971561T3 (da) | 2003-01-13 |
US6146550A (en) | 2000-11-14 |
ATE224127T1 (de) | 2002-09-15 |
FR2780845A1 (fr) | 2000-01-07 |
ES2183491T3 (es) | 2003-03-16 |
JP2000036371A (ja) | 2000-02-02 |
FR2780845B1 (fr) | 2000-08-11 |
DE69902853D1 (de) | 2002-10-17 |
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