EP0965695A2 - Device for screening and/or disintegrating screening materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The sieve and/or grinder for sieved material, at the bucket (1) of an earthmoving machine, has sieve shafts (4) across the horizontal rotary axis (5) of the bucket (1), and pref. at right angles to it. The sieve units (21), on the sieve shaft(s) (4), are fixed sieve discs with breaker bodies between them from the side, and clamped in place.

Description

The invention relates to a device for screening and / or crushing screen materials according to the features in the preamble of claim 1.

DE 93 04 186 U1 counts a sieve crusher for earth material for use in the bucket of an earth moving machine or a bucket loading machine to the stand of the technique. The rear wall of the bucket is as Crusher screen formed with rotating shafts that are about are arranged parallel to the axis of rotation of the bucket. During sieving the bucket is pivoted about its bucket rotation axis, so that the crusher screen is aligned approximately parallel to the ground is.

A disadvantage of this embodiment is that the drive units to drive the shafts on the side of the bucket are arranged. The necessary for the drive units Lateral construction volume is disadvantageous in operation Dead space. For example, when driving in with the bucket of the screen breaker in a silo or along the wall material between the side wall of the bucket and the building wall cannot be detected. Also the housing of the drive units is heavily worn and exposed to contamination. This has among other things result in the fastening screws of the cover plates cannot be removed due to damage or contamination become. It is then necessary to use the screws or the Separate cover plates. Maintenance and inspection the drive units is therefore considerably more difficult.

Another disadvantage of the known screen breaker results from the relatively long waves due to attack great forces of their effects. Shaft bearings as well Drive units must therefore be designed to be very robust. To the screen crusher not disproportionately heavy limit, there are limits to the torque that can be introduced. This in turn means that in particular difficult to break material of the buckets not completely filled can become the screen breaker because of the danger to overload.

Furthermore, it has been found in the known design that that stones are rotated during the sieving or breaking process of the shafts parallel to the bucket's axis of rotation are thrown out towards the cab can. This can damage the cab, especially the front window of the cab, as well as lead to personal injury. The well-known screen breaker therefore does not bring the security best conditions with itself.

The invention is based on this prior art based on the task of a device for sieving and / or crushing screen materials to create their Sieber success is improved with increased throughput and those disadvantageous of those described above Properties is exempt.

The invention solves the problem with a device the features of claim 1.

The main idea of the invention is the arrangement of the screen shafts transverse to the axis of rotation of the bucket. Are preferred the sieve shafts arranged perpendicular to the axis of rotation.

This arrangement has a number of advantages. The screen shafts are shorter than in the known design executed, whereby significantly higher torques can be transmitted are. Due to the transverse arrangement, more screening shafts can be used be arranged in the bucket, which consequently requires greater movement of the sieve material. The stronger movement improves sieving success and leads to an increase of throughput. Because with this type of rotary sieve the sieve material through the rotation of the sieve shafts or the sieve elements is moved on the sieve bottom results also by the transverse position of the screen shafts Larger screen section compared to the known device.

The device is suitable for sieving and / or crushing different sieve materials, e.g. Excavation, Filter cake, coal, compost but also for separation excavation of larger components such as rubble or wood.

The device is in exchange for a common shovel on exercise machines such as Wheel loaders, excavators, Chargers and tractors designed.

An advantageous embodiment of the basic concept of the invention is in the features of claim 2 characterized.

Then the sieve elements of a sieve shaft are open this fixed sieve disks with inserted in between Crusher bodies formed.

This training is constructive and technical advantageous. The screen shafts are robust despite being comparatively lightweight construction.

A particularly advantageous determination of the Crushing element of the sieve elements teaches claim 3 provided that the crushing body laterally in shots the sieve discs held and each by means of a Clamping element are set. Offers as a tensioning element the use of a bolt. The recordings are expediently slightly conical or taper towards their ends. Between two each A crushing body is incorporated into the sieve disks. To he reaches for the recordings in the sieve disks configuratively oppositely designed side sections in this one. The crushing body is then guided in the recordings held and can be attached by means of the clamping element become.

In an advantageous design, it is provided that that the bolt passes through the sieve shaft and can be screwed into an internal thread of the crushing body from behind is. Turning the screw bolt turns a Crusher body drawn into the conically shaped receptacles and tense. To replace a crushing body, the Screw bolts loosened a few turns first, then the crushing body is opened by a blow driven the head of the bolt out of the receptacles and unscrewed the bolt completely. Hereby is a change of the crushing body in a few easy steps easy and quick to do.

The crushing bodies preferably consist of a hard one wear-resistant material. If necessary, they can also with additional armor on their work surfaces be provided.

According to claim 4, the device has sieve elements Screen discs and spacers. Sieve disks and Spacers are alternately arranged on a sieve shaft. The compared to the spacers in diameter form larger sieve disks with the corresponding ones Screen discs on the adjacent screen shafts Sieve bottom, the fineness of the distance between the sieve shafts and the axial distance between the sieve disks.

The sieve disks can basically be a round, oval or have a polygonal outer contour. Between two A spacer body is arranged in each case.

The sieve elements can consist of two detachable disc segments be composed (claim 5). That has the advantage, that individual sieve elements can be replaced, without having to dismantle the entire screen shaft got to. It is possible that the sieve and the spacer in individual disc segments are divided. A slice segment of the spacer but can also with the corresponding disc segment Screen disc connected in one piece. In the latter case has a sieve element only two disc segments, whereby the number of components is reduced.

As already mentioned, the crushing elements are the sieve elements interchangeable. This has in particular maintenance and maintenance advantages. Is preferred between two sieve disks each with a crushing body attached. Within the scope of the invention, several crushing bodies can also be used be assigned to a sieve element.

The crushing bodies can be spiral or different Patterns on the circumference of the sieve shaft in the longitudinal direction distributed attached.

Cutting bars are also possible as crushing bodies, so that material could even be milled with the device, for example leaves, bark and the like.

Another advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in the features of claim 6. The screen shafts are individual or in groups summarized and can with different or changeable directions of rotation are driven.

This allows the material to move back and forth in the sieve bucket and thus be mixed well. The direction of rotation can be changed during operation. This will the sieve success further improved and possibly occurring Jams can be easily removed.

Furthermore, moving back and forth, i.e. changing the direction of sieving, the throwing out of stones suppressed by the sieve waves. In addition, the Buckets upright and preferably at right angles to Bottom plate arranged side walls through which, if necessary Stone chips are caught in the bucket. To the Safety of the device against being flung out to further increase material from the bucket it may also be useful to have the bucket opening on it upper long side with a shielding plate or a deflector to provide.

Several drive units can be advantageous on the device be arranged by which single or in Grouped screening shafts are driven can. The briefly designed due to the transverse arrangement Sieve shafts are suitable for absorbing high torques, which, if necessary, with additional drive units, preferably hydraulic motors, are simply applied can.

Within the scope of the embodiment of claim 7, sieve shafts are alternating with crushing bodies or without crushing bodies arranged. The screen shafts without crushing bodies act opposite the waves with crushing bodies as a kind of shear bar.

In this function it can be advantageous that a Sieve shaft without crushing body without drive or stationary is (claim 8). By doing this, one is essential lower drive power required, for example only every other sieve shaft are driven got to. The device can be manufactured inexpensively, while at the same time the number of wearing parts is reduced.

A further development of the invention which is advantageous in practice is characterized in claim 9. Show here the outer, adjacent to the side walls of the bucket Sieve shafts round sieve elements without crushing bodies.

Since there is jamming on the side walls of the bucket non-screenable material between the screen shaft and the Side walls can come, the outer is provided To design sieve shafts without crushing bodies. Furthermore it is convenient to have a combing between on the side walls engaging the spacers of the outer sieve shafts Arrange scraper plate so that the screenings do not get between the side wall and the sieve shaft can.

The front edge of the bucket bottom is interchangeable Cutting bar made of a resistant material provided to extend the life of the bucket. in the rear part of the base plate are easily accessible Pillow block for the screen shafts arranged by a rear sheet metal cover are protected. At the top Height range of the bucket is at least one drive unit with the necessary transmission elements to the Sieve shafts and a second pillow block for each sieve shaft arranged.

The drive units and the pillow block bearings are reliable protected and easily accessible. The device can be used like a normal shovel without Project modules laterally and when operating in Could be affected.

Figur 1

eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung im vertikalen Querschnitt,

Figur 2

eine teilweise geschnitte Darstellung der Vorrichtung gemäß Figur 1 in der Draufsicht,

Figur 3

ebenfalls in der Draufsicht eine Siebwelle,

Figur 4

einen vertikalen Querschnitt durch die Darstellung der Figur 3 entlang der Linie IV-IV,

Figur 5

die Darstellung der Figur 4 im Schnitt entlang der Linie V-V,

Figur 6

eine weitere Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung im vertikalen Querschnitt und

Figur 7

die Darstellung der Vorrichtung gemäß Figur 6 in der Draufsicht, teilweise in geschnittener Darstellungsweise.

The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawings. Show it:

Figure 1

a device according to the invention in vertical cross section,

Figure 2

2 shows a partially sectioned illustration of the device according to FIG. 1 in plan view,

Figure 3

also a top view of a sieve shaft,

Figure 4

3 shows a vertical cross section through the illustration of FIG. 3 along the line IV-IV,

Figure 5

the representation of Figure 4 in section along the line VV,

Figure 6

a further embodiment of a device according to the invention in vertical cross section and

Figure 7

the representation of the device according to Figure 6 in plan view, partly in a sectional representation.

1 denotes a bucket in FIGS. 1 and 2, the rear wall 2 is designed as a sieve plate 3. Of the Sieve plate 3 is formed from sieve shafts 4, which are at an angle are arranged from 90 ° to the axis of rotation 5 of the bucket 1. The Axis of rotation 5 of the bucket 1 is due to the articulation on a Earth moving machine specified. It extends in parallel to the sieve tray 3 in the longitudinal direction of the bucket 1.

The bucket 1 is configured in a scoop shape with vertical to the rear wall 2 and to a base plate 6 Sidewalls 7. Each end 8 of the screen shafts 4 stored in pedestal bearings 9 attached to the base plate 6. The base plate 6 has a cavity 10 in which the pillow block 9 are arranged and which with a Cover plate 11 is closed on the rear side.

The cavity 10 runs towards the front edge 12 of the Base plate 6 wedge-shaped. At the front edge is 12 a cutting bar 13 made of resistant material interchangeably attached.

The upper ends 14 of the screen shafts 4 extend into one gearbox extending between the side walls 7 15. The upper ends 14 are also in pillow blocks 9 rotatably mounted and are end with Double sprockets 16 provided. Two screen shafts each 4 are coupled to one another via an articulated chain 17. The outer sieve shafts 4 'next to the side walls 7 of the bucket 1 are via a link chain 17 with one in the gearbox 15 fixed drive unit 18 coupled. Of the For the sake of clarity, only that in the image plane is shown in FIG seen lower drive unit 18 shown. The drive units 18 can be synchronized with each other be.

On the gear box 15 are double-lug holders 19 arranged for attachment to an earthmoving device. The brackets are in the direction of the axis of rotation 5 pierced and each have aligned eyes 20.

Sieve elements 21 are arranged on the sieve shafts 4.

As can be seen in particular from FIGS. 3 to 5 is, the sieve elements 21 of a sieve shaft 4 through on this with spaced-apart welded sieve disks 22 formed. Between the sieve disks 22 are flail-like Crusher 23 incorporated. For this are the Crushing body 23 laterally in receptacles 24 of the sieve disks 22 held.

It can be seen from FIG. 4 that the receptacles 24 taper back towards its lowest. The Crushing bodies 23 are with oppositely configured side sections 25 guided in the receptacles 24 (Figure 5). By means of a clamping element in the form of a screw bolt 26 a crushing body 23 is fixed. The bolt For this purpose, the hollow cylindrical base body 26 27 of the sieve shaft 4 passing through the guide sleeve 28 and into an internal thread 29 on the back 30 the crushing body 23 screwed. This will Crushing body 23 pulled into the receptacles 24 and clamped.

In Figure 2 you can also see that on the inner walls 31 of the side walls 7 scraper plates 32 welded are intermeshing between the screen discs 22 of the outer Engage sieve shafts 4 '. The scraper plates 32 are arranged so that they have screen material between the outer Sieve shaft 4 'and the neighboring sieve shaft 4 conduct so if possible no sieve material between the sieve shafts 4 'and the side walls 7 can reach.

As FIG. 1 shows, there is 33 on the upper longitudinal side of the bucket 1 a shield 34 is provided for protection against throwing out sieve material. During sieving the bucket 1 is pivoted about its bucket axis of rotation 5, so that the sieve bottom 3 is aligned approximately parallel to the ground is. Even if it is due to jamming Throwing material out of the bucket 1 should shield 34 provide an effective one Protection.

Figures 5 and 6 show a bucket 1 ', which from basic structure ago the embodiment described above corresponds. Therefore corresponding to each other Components have the same reference numerals.

The sieve bottom 3 is formed by sieve shafts 4, 4 ', 4' ' which are arranged at an angle of 90 ° to the axis of rotation 5 of the bucket 1 ' are.

The two drive units 18 can also be seen, wherein in the embodiment shown here Drive unit from the side walls 7 to the central transverse plane MQE of the sieve shafts 4 lying on the bucket 1 ', 4 ', 4' 'drives. The middle screen shafts 4 '' are not connected to each other to transmit power.

The screen shafts 4, 4 ', 4' 'carry screen elements 35, which Sieve disks 36 and smaller in diameter, but in Axially direction include thicker spacers 37. Spacer 37 and sieve disks 36 are alternately on a sieve shaft 4, 4 ', 4' ', each one Spacer 37 welded to a screen disk 36 is.

Such an annular sieve element 35 is in two Disc segments 38 divided, which are screwed together and fixed on the sieve shafts 4, 4 ', 4' ' are. The screen shafts 4, 4 ', 4' 'are in the area of the screen elements 35 designed as square shafts.

The sieve elements 35 of the outer sieve shafts 4 'have one round outer contour. The sieve elements 35 of all others Screen shafts 4, 4 '' have octagonal screen disks 36 ', between each of which a crushing body 39 carries Spacer 33 'is arranged. The crushing bodies 39 are pinned to the respective spacers 37 ' and evenly over the circumference of the sieve shafts 4, 4 '' distributed. They are arranged so that they are collision-free between two screen disks 30, 36 'of the adjacent screen shafts 4, 4 ', 4' 'engage.

The devices according to the invention are notable for a robust design and high transferable moments. The arrangement of the screen shafts 4, 4 ', 4' 'transverse to the axis of rotation 5 ensures a larger sieve section, which makes the Success in sieving improved and throughput increased significantly becomes. The sieve shafts 4, 4 ', 4' 'can be used with different and changeable directions of rotation , causing the material in the bucket to move laterally and is well mixed. Deadlocks and throwing them out of stones are caused by changing directions of rotation and high side walls 7 largely suppressed.

List of reference symbols

1 -

bucket 1 'bucket

2 -

Back wall

3 -

Sieve bottom

4 -

Screen waves

4 '- outer screen shafts

4 '' medium screen shafts

5 -

Axis of rotation of 1

6 -

Base plate

7 -

Side wall

8th -

End of 4

9 -

Pillow block

10 -

Cavity in 6

11 -

Cover plate

12 -

Leading edge of 6

13 -

Cutting bar on 12

14 -

top end of 4

15 -

Gear box

16 -

Double sprocket

17 -

Link chain

18 -

Drive unit

19 -

bracket

20 -

Eye of 19th

21 -

Sieve element

22 -

Screen disc

23 -

Crushing body

24 -

admission

25 -

Side section v. 23

26 -

Bolts

27 -

Basic body

28 -

Guide sleeve

29 -

inner thread

30 -

back

31 -

Interior wall v. 7

32 -

Scraper

33 -

Long side v. 1

34 -

Shielding plate

35 -

Sieve element

36 -

Screen disc

36 'screen

37 -

Spacer

37 'spacer

38 -

Disc segment v. 35

39 -

Crushing body

MQE -

Median transverse plane of 1 '

Claims (9)

Device for sieving and / or crushing sieve materials with a bucket (1) which can be linked to an earthmoving device and can be pivoted about a horizontal axis of rotation (5) and which comprises a rear wall (2) designed as a sieve bottom (3) which is equipped with sieve elements (21, 35 ) provided screen shafts (4, 4 ', 4''), characterized in that
that the sieve shafts (4, 4 ', 4'') are arranged transversely to the axis of rotation (5), preferably perpendicular to the latter. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the sieve elements (21) of a sieve shaft (4, 4 ', 4'') are formed by sieve disks (22) fixed thereon with crushing bodies (23) incorporated between them. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the crushing bodies (23) are held laterally in receptacles (24) of the sieve disks (21) and are fixed by means of a clamping element (26). Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the sieve elements (35) comprise sieve disks (36, 36 ') and spacers (37, 37'), the spacers (37, 37 ') carrying exchangeable crushing bodies (39). Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the sieve elements (35) are composed of detachable disc segments (38). Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the screen shafts (4, 4 ', 4'') can be driven individually or in groups with different or changeable directions of rotation. Apparatus according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that screen shafts (4, 4 ', 4'') are arranged alternately with crushing bodies (23, 39) and without crushing bodies. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that at least one sieve shaft (4, 4 ', 4'') is driveless or stationary without a crushing body. Device according to one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that the outer sieve shafts (4 ') adjacent to the side walls (7) of the bucket (1) carry round sieve elements (21, 35) without a breaking body.

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