EP0959037A1 - Winch for the traction of a cable of an assembly like an opening panel, safety device and installation with the winch - Google Patents

Abstract

The cable winch comprises a casing and a drum for winding the cable under tension rotating relative to the casing. A first shaft (7) rotating the drum is mounted to rotate around a first rotational axis and a second control shaft (10) rotates about a second axis (11) by a crank (25). Complementary first and second meshing gears (14,15) are provided on the shafts. A drum brake is provided.

Description

The invention relates to a winch, intended for pulling a cable or the like of a mechanical assembly.

The invention also relates to a safety device and an installation. equipped with the winch.

The mechanical assembly is for example an opening, like a fire shutter. The winch is intended to keep the opening closed by pulling on the cable.

In the event of a fire in the building in which the opening is installed, ability to stop winch pull on cable so that the opening can open. This opening is caused by a mechanism automatic mounted near the sash and / or by its own weight.

Document FR-A-2 605 620 describes a winch comprising a frame in which are mounted a pulley and a drive pinion thereof.

A cable intended to be connected to the flap to be moved can be wound under tension on the pulley.

A support mounted oscillating on an axis and carried by the frame carries a worm engaged with the pinion.

The worm is mounted in the support by means of a rod training.

The winch has an oscillating link for retaining the support in a position in which the worm is engaged with the pinion and a member elastic return of the support in the direction of release of the worm by compared to the pinion. There is also a mechanism for actuating the rod for the release of the support under the action of the elastic member of reminder.

The pulley remains immobilized as long as its pinion is engaged with the worm.

Such braking is ensured by the judicious choice of the thread pitch so as to obtain an automatic blocking of the two elements in engagement.

The immobilization of the pulley under cable tension therefore risks being faulty, if the thread pitch is worn.

Furthermore, the safety of immobilization of the pulley under cable tension is subject to a large number of parts other than the pinion and the worm, this which only increases the risk of failure.

The abrupt release position of the worm gear relative to the pinion, allowing the unwinding of the pulley under the tension of the cable, is obtained by acting by the actuating member on the link, so as to tilt the support towards the rear under the action of the elastic return member.

This winch also has the disadvantage of being functional complicated and expensive to achieve.

In addition, the abrupt release position can only be obtained by breaking a glass retaining a percussion member of the link.

The glass must therefore be replaced in order to be able to use the winch later.

Document GB-2 155 888 describes a winch comprising a reversible motor, a motor shaft with a worm gear meshing a wheel, which drives a drum.

A friction brake automatically applies when the winch is inoperative, double helix drive means exerting an axial force which opposes the force of the brake in order to release it automatically when the winch is operating.

The winch described in document GB-2 155 888 is intended to apply to the cable tension for coal mines.

The forces brought into play in such applications impose on the winch a heavy and expensive structure, including rolling bearings and parts foundry.

Manually operating such a winch is therefore impossible; its structure seems unsuitable for actuating fire shutters, such an application requiring a lighter and cheaper design winch that can be operated manually.

The invention relates to a winch which overcomes the drawbacks of the state of the art.

The first object of the invention is a winch, intended for pulling a cable or analog of a mechanical assembly such as opening.

A second object of the invention is a security device, comprising a mechanical assembly, such as opening, with two first and second positions, such as opening and closing, automatic means to make pass the mechanical assembly from the second to the first position, a cable of traction, for example sheathed, intended to pass the mechanical assembly from the second to the first position, hold it there and release it and the winch cable pull and release.

A third object of the invention is an installation, such as a room or building, comprising the system and / or the winch.

The invention will be clearly understood on reading the description which follows.

Figure 1 is a schematic side view of the winch.

Figure 2 is a schematic view of the rear of the winch.

Figure 3 is a schematic top view of the winch, showing a spindle transverse in its lower part.

Figure 4 is a schematic top view of the lower rear part of the winch.

Figure 5 is a partial transverse elevation view of the winch, illustrating a second embodiment in which the winch is disengaged at using a bi-stable lever.

Figure 6 is a partial longitudinal elevation view of the winch, illustrating a variant in which the arrangement of the bi-stable lever is different.

The description of the figures is made with reference to a longitudinal direction L, in relation to which the adjectives "front" and "rear" are taken, a direction transverse T, with respect to which the adjectives "right" and "left" are taken, and an elevation direction E, orthogonal to the previous two and relative to which are taken the adjectives "high", "low", "above" and "below".

Winch 1 is intended for pulling a cable, not shown, as well as for its maintenance in a tense position.

The cable is intended to actuate a mechanical assembly, not shown, by example opening and closing a fire shutter or panel, no represented.

Of course, the invention applies to any mechanical assembly controlled by cable.

The winch 1 is intended to be fixed to a wall or a wall, for example vertical.

The winch 1 comprises a box or frame 2 of generally parallelepiped shape and for example in cut and folded sheet metal.

The housing 2 has a front face 3, a rear face 4, a face right transverse 5, a left transverse face 6.

Its front 3, right 5 and left 6 faces form a first U-shaped cradle made of cut and folded sheet metal, the core of which is formed by the face frontal 3 and the branches by the transverse faces 5 and 6.

Its rear face 4, of smaller height and width than the front face 3, makes facing the latter and is fixed to one of the right transverse faces 5 and left 6, in the embodiment shown, on the left face 6.

The winch comprises, mounted rotating between the right transverse faces and left 5, 6 and housed in holes thereof, a first shaft 7 for driving a drum 8 for winding the cable under tension.

The first shaft 7 has a transverse axis of rotation 9.

In other embodiments, not shown, the drum 8 is mounted on a tree distinct from the first tree 7 and meshing with it.

In the embodiment shown, the drum 8 is fixed to the first shaft 7 and has for axis of rotation the first axis 9 of rotation.

The first shaft 7 is immobilized in translation along its first axis 9.

Winch 1 includes a second shaft 10 for controlling the first shaft 7 and intended to be rotated by a crank or the like.

The second shaft 10 is mounted to rotate relative to the housing 2 around a second axis of rotation 11.

The second axis 11 is not parallel to the first axis 9.

In the embodiment shown, the second axis 11 is orthogonal to the first axis 9 and is for example longitudinal.

The front and rear faces 3, 4 have through holes respectively 12, 13 for the second shaft 10, for example reinforced by bronze rings.

Such rings facilitate the rotation of the second shaft 10 in the holes 12, 13 relative to the housing 2.

The use of bronze, whose coefficient of friction compared to steel is low, avoids the use of rolling bearings, which would require a heavier, more tedious and more expensive case 2 design for intensive use of the winch 1.

While this winch 1 is intended, inter alia, for applications which can only require occasional manipulation. This is typically the case with fire shutters.

The second shaft 10 is movable in translation along the second axis 11 of rotation.

First and second gear parts 14, 15 are fixed respectively on the first and second shafts 7, 10, between the faces front and rear 3, 4 and transverse 5, 6.

The first and second gear parts 14, 15 are of the wheel type tangent tooth and worm.

In the embodiment shown, the first gear part 14 comprises a toothed wheel, while the second gear part 15 comprises a worm.

In another embodiment, not shown, the first gear part 14 comprises a worm and the second part of the gear 15 comprises a gear wheel.

The first and second gear parts 14, 15 are complementary and able to transmit rotation between the first and second shafts 7, 10.

The first and second gear parts are such that under traction of the cable, the second shaft 10 is biased in translation along the axis of rotation 11, in a determined direction 16.

In the embodiment shown, this determined direction 16 is directed longitudinally from front to back.

In other embodiments, not shown, this determined meaning 16 is directed from back to front.

This direction 16 depends on the direction in which the cable is wound on the drum 8.

The tension of the cable produces on the drum 8 a first torque relative to the first axis of rotation 9.

The first gear part 14 being integral with the drum 8, in rotation around the first axis 9, the first torque exerted by the cable on the drum 8 is transmitted to the first gear part 14, which then exerts itself a second torque on the second gear part 15.

This second pair includes a longitudinal component, and a transverse component.

The direction of the longitudinal component of the second couple is substantially confused with the second axis 11, while its meaning is substantially confused with the defined meaning 16.

The second gear part 15, integral with the second shaft 10, transmits then to this one a longitudinal force equal to the longitudinal component of the second couple.

Thus, the second shaft 10 tends, under the effect of the tension of the cable, to move in the specified direction 16.

Furthermore, the transverse component of the second couple tends to drive the second gear part 15, and therefore the second shaft 10 which it is integral with it, in rotation about the second axis 11.

One of the goals sought during the design of this winch 1 is precisely to prevent this rotation from taking place when the cable is wound under tension around the drum 8.

To this end, the winch includes a brake device, which includes a cheek of blocking 17 fixed on the second shaft 10 and oriented along the second axis 11, in the determined direction 16.

This brake device also comprises a blocking lining 18, provided between the locking cheek 17 and the rear face 4, and against which is able to be plated the lining 18 in the determined direction 16.

In one embodiment, not shown, the cheek 17 extends over the entire periphery of the second axis 11 and the lining 18 extends over part of the periphery of the second axis 11.

In another embodiment, not shown, the cheek 17 extends over a part of the periphery of the second axis 11 and the lining 18 extends over the entire periphery of the second axis 11.

In the embodiment shown, the cheek 17 and the lining 18 extend over the entire the periphery of the second axis 11.

The lining 18 has a hole for the passage of the second shaft 10.

The lining 18 is turned towards the cheek 17 against the determined direction 16.

In the embodiment shown, the lining 18 comprises a plate having, in its thickness taken along the second axis 11, an abutment edge 19 against an edge 20 of complementary shape fixed to the housing 2 and preventing the rotation of the lining 18 around the second axis 11.

The abutment edge 19 of the plate is for example rectilinear and for example a those of the plate, for example rectangular.

The rear face 4 is folded at the top, for example perpendicularly from the determined direction 16, towards the lining 18 at an angle, and carries the complementary edge 20.

The cheek 17 is capable of being pressed against the lining 18 in the determined direction 16.

In another embodiment, the plate of the blocking lining 18 is shaped washer, the surface 21 of which faces in the determined direction 16 towards the face rear 4 is free and capable of being pressed against it and the edge of which device is free and remote from box 2.

This surface 21 has a coefficient of friction of a value sufficient for prevent the rotation, around the second axis 11, of the lining 18, with respect to the housing 2, when the cheek 17 is pressed against the lining 18 under the effect of cable tension.

This embodiment has the advantage of avoiding any deterioration by abutment in rotation, for example a break, of the blocking lining 18.

The lining 18 has a surface 22, facing the cheek 17, against of the determined direction 16, and having a coefficient of friction of a value sufficient to prevent rotation around the second axis 11 of the cheek 17 blocking with respect to the blocking lining 18, when the cheek 17 is pressed against the lining 18 under the effect of the tension of the cable.

The lining 18 comprises for example a "Ferrodo" plate (brand deposited), whose high coefficient of friction, compared to steel, gives, between the locking cheek 17 and the rear face 4, a function of brake pad.

The surface 23 of the cheek 17, turned in the determined direction 16 towards the surface 22 of the lining 18 is for example made of metal.

The lining 18 is able to prevent the cheek 17 from turning around the second axis 11, when the cheek 17 is pressed against the lining 18 in the direction determined 16.

In another embodiment, the lining 18 is fixed, for example glued against the back 4.

The second shaft 10 comprises a connecting member 24 to a crank 25, on its front end extending beyond in the longitudinal direction L of the face frontal 3.

In the embodiment shown, the blocking cheek 17 is formed by a surface of the second gear part 15, located downstream in the direction determined 16.

The surfaces 22, 23 are flat.

The winch 1 includes means 26 for moving the locking cheek 17 away from the locking insert 18 against the specified direction 16.

The removal means 26 comprise a third shaft 27 mounted rotating relative to the housing about a third axis 28 of rotation.

The third axis 28 is transverse to the second axis 11.

In the embodiment shown, the third axis 28 is transverse.

The third shaft 27 is intended to be rotated by a crank or the like.

A cam 29 is provided on the third shaft 27.

The cam 29 is suitable for being applied to the rear end portion 30 of the second shaft 10, downstream in the determined direction 16.

The cam 29 is able to move by rotation around the third axis 28 the second shaft 10 against the determined direction 16 to allow the unwinding the drum 8 under the traction of the cable.

In the embodiment shown, the cam 29 has a fixed screw head transversely transversely to the third axis 28 on the periphery from the third tree 27.

In another embodiment, not shown, the cam 29 includes a ball, rotating rise in a housing, for example in the drill, in the lateral surface of the third shaft 27.

The third shaft 27 is mounted rotating in one of the transverse faces right and left 5, 6, for example in the left transverse face 6 and in another transverse face 32 provided between the faces 5, 6.

In another embodiment, not shown, the third shaft 27 is intended to be rotated by a crank or the like through a lever arm or the like in order to increase the effort required to training.

The crank 25 is removable and comprises a connecting member 33 in rotation. The connecting member 33 of the crank is of complementary shape to the member link 24 and link member 31 which are of the same type.

The link member 33 of the crank or the link members 24, 31 of second and third shafts 10, 27 is for example hollow-sided, for example with hexagon socket.

As we saw above, the basic principles of this winch 1 are: lightness, simplicity.

These principles were applied to the design of the drum 8. It comprises in fact a metal sheet 34 in the shape of a cylinder, shaped by folding, and whose main axis coincides with the first axis 9.

The metal sheet comprises two end transverse parts, respectively left and right.

The drum 8 also includes two transverse flanges respectively left 35, and right 36, in the form of discs with holes in their centers respective, for the passage of the first tree 7.

The left flange 35 is fixed on the sheet 34 near its end part left irremovable, for example by crimping, welding or the like, while the right flange 36 is fixed in the same way to the sheet 34, near of its extreme right part.

The elevation dimensions, called diameters, of the flanges 35, 36, substantially identical to each other, are greater than the elevation dimension, or diameter, sheet metal 34.

This ensures the guiding of the cable during its winding on the drum 8.

In order to secure the drum 8 to the first shaft 7, rotating around the first axis 9 and in translation around it, the right flange 36 is fixed to the first gear part 14 by means of at least one screw 37, and by example a plurality of screws 37.

In another embodiment, the drum 8 is fixed to the first part of gear 14 by welding, gluing, or the like.

The housing 2 includes a reinforcing pin 38 transversely partly low rear crossing the transverse faces 5, 6 and 32 and located above from the third tree 27.

The housing also comprises, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, another transverse reinforcement pin 39 passing through the faces 5, 6 and 32 and located under the third tree 27.

The transverse faces 5, 6 of the housing 2 are fixed by means of rivets 40 to the opposite transverse branches 41, 42 of a fixing cradle 43 in U shape.

The fixing cradle 43 has, in its rear core 44, holes 45 for passing the winch fixing bolts to a wall, wall or the like.

The cradle 43 is produced for example by cutting and folding a sheet metallic.

An upper plate 46 is fixed on the cradle 43 and has a hole 47 of cable passage.

Winch 1 operates as follows:

To wind the cable around the drum 8, connect the connecting member 33 from the crank 25 to the connecting member 24 of the second shaft 10 and we make turn the crank 25 around the second axis 11 to rotate by through the gear parts 14, 15 the first shaft 7 and the drum 8.

The tensioning of the cable causes the translation of the cheek 17 against the gasket 18, sufficient to immobilize them relative to each other and by relative to the housing 2, which blocks in rotation the second shaft 10 and therefore the drum 7 via the gear parts 14, 15 and the first shaft 7.

To cause the unwinding of the drum 8, connect the crank 25 by through its connecting member 33 to the connecting member 31 and we do it turn to apply the cam 29 against the end portion 30 of the second tree 10.

This causes the translation of the second shaft 10 against the direction determined 16 and moves cheek 17 away from trim 18, allowing rotation of the second shaft 10 as well as that of the drum 8 via the gear parts 14, 15 and the first shaft 7.

It may happen that the cable exerts on the drum 8 a force such that for overcome the friction of the lining 18 against the cheek 17 and the abutment edge 20, the force to communicate to the crank 25 is too large and constitutes a annoyance for a user of the winch.

This is why it is provided in an alternative embodiment illustrated on the Figures 5 and 6, that the unwinding of the drum 8 is not performed either by means the crank 25 and the cam 29, but by means of a bi-stable lever 48, monobloc, and a washer 50 whose longitudinal dimensions called thicknesses are substantially equal.

The lever 49 extends in a transverse elevation plane, and comprises a handle 51 and a finger 52 forming an angle with the handle 51, for example about 120 °. It is formed for example by stamping a metal sheet.

The lever 49 comprises at the intersection of the handle 51 and the finger 52 a portion hinge 53 pierced with a through hole 54 in which a rivet 55 is inserted for the association of the lever 49 with the cradle 43, in pivoting connection around an axis of rotation 56.

The axis of rotation 56 can be arranged above the second axis 11 (FIG. 5), or below, in an alternative embodiment (Figure 6).

The lever 49, which can be actuated manually via its handle, can take a plurality of positions between two stable positions respectively active and inactive.

Between its active and inactive positions, the lever rotates around the axis of rotation of an angle A, for example around 45 °.

The finger 52 is provided in an end portion 57 with a projecting tooth 58, intended to engage in the washer 50 when the lever is in position active.

The washer 50 has an outside diameter greater than the outside diameter of the seal 18. It is produced for example by stamping a sheet metal metallic.

The washer 50 has in its center a circular hole 59 provided for engage around the second shaft 10 between the lining 18 and the edge 20.

The washer 50 comprises a front face 60 and a rear face 61, capable of times the washer mounted on the shaft 10, to be in sliding contact respectively against the lining 18 and the edge 20.

The washer 50 also has a notch 62 provided in its diameter outside, of complementary shape to tooth 58.

The washer 50 is, depending on the state of the lever 49, either crazy in rotation around of the second axis 11 when the lever 49 is in the inactive position, or blocked in rotation about the second axis 11 when the lever 49 is in the active position, the tooth 58 then being engaged in the notch 62.

The stability of the active and inactive positions of the lever 49 is ensured by a tension spring 63, stretched between a first lug 64 fixed in the cradle 43, and a second lug 65 fixed in the finger 57, for example perpendicularly to it, so that the axis of rotation 56 is located between the pins 64, 65.

When the lever 49 is in the active position, the two pins 64, 65 and the axis of rotation 56 form a non-flat triangle substantially symmetrical to that formed in the inactive position, so that the spring 63 imposes on the lever 49 a rotational movement in the opposite direction to the previous one, for example in counterclockwise, keeping finger 58 engaged in notch 62.

In this position, the washer 50 is fixed in rotation about the second axis 11, relative to the cradle. The coefficient of friction between the front face 60 washer 50 and the lining 18 is sufficient to keep the rotation fixed lining 18 around the second axis 18, and prevent the unwinding of the drum 18.

While when the lever 49 is in the inactive position, the two pins 64, 65 and the axis of rotation 56 form a non-flat triangle, so that the spring 63 imposes on the lever 49 a rotational movement in a determined direction, by example clockwise, now the handle 51 in support against a stopper 66.

In this position, the washer 50 is mad in rotation around the second axis 11. The coefficient of friction between the rear face 61 of the washer and the edge 20 being less than the coefficient of friction between the front face 60 and the gasket 18, the gasket 18 causes the washer 50 to rotate, which causes unwinding the drum 8.

To further facilitate this unwinding, it is planned to apply between the rear face 61 of the washer 50 and the edge 20 an oil film, which reduces the friction forces between the rear face 61 and the edge 20 and facilitates the rotation of the washer 50 around of the second axis 11 relative to the edge 20.

Claims (18)

Winch (1), intended for the traction of a cable or the like of a mechanical assembly such as opening, comprising: a housing (2); a cable winding drum (8), rotatably mounted relative to the housing (2); a first shaft (7) for rotating the drum (8), the first shaft (7) being rotatably mounted relative to the housing (2) about a first axis of rotation (9); a second control shaft (10), intended to be rotated by a crank (25) or the like; and first and second gear parts (14, 15), complementary, provided on the first and second shafts (7, 10); the torque transmitted by the first gear part (14) to the second gear part (15) being reversible; characterized in that the winch (1) is a direct manual actuation winch; the first shaft (7) being immobilized in translation along its first axis of rotation; the second shaft (10) being rotatably mounted relative to the housing (2) about a second axis of rotation (11) and being movable thereon; the first and second gear parts (14, 15) being able to transmit the rotation between one and the other of the first and second shafts (7, 10); the first and second shaft (7, 10) being such that the drum (8) biases, by reaction to the tension of the cable, the second shaft (10) moving in a determined direction (16) along the second axis of rotation ( 11); the winch (1) comprising, facing the second axis of rotation (11) and turned respectively against and in the determined direction (16): a blocking lining (18) capable of being immobilized relative to the housing (2); and a locking cheek (17) fixed to the second shaft (10) and able to be pressed against the locking lining (18); the drum (8) being fixed to the first shaft (7) and comprising a metal sheet (24) rolled into a cylinder, for example circular, crimped between two flanges (35, 36). Winch (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the first and second axes of rotation (9, 11) are not parallel to each other and by orthogonal example, the first and second gears (14, 15) being of the tangential wheel and worm type. Winch (1) according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the blocking lining (18) has a plate whose surface (22) facing the locking cheek (17) has a coefficient of friction of a value sufficient to prevent rotation about the second axis (11) of the cheek (17) blocking with respect to the blocking lining (18), when the second shaft (10) is biased in displacement in the determined direction (16). Winch (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the plate of the blocking set (18) is in "Ferrodo" (registered trademark), the cheek of blocking (17) comprising a surface (23) of metal, for example steel, facing this plate. Winch (1) according to any one of claims 3 and 4, characterized in that the blocking plate (18) has a hole for the passage of the second tree (10). Winch (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the plate of the blocking set (18) has a stop edge (19), for example straight, against a complementary edge (20) for example straight, such as that of an angle iron and preventing rotation of the blocking lining (18) around the second axis (11). Winch (1) according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the plate of the blocking lining (18) is in the form of a washer, comprising a surface (21) facing, in the determined direction (16), towards the housing (2) and able to be pressed against it, this surface (21) having a coefficient of friction of a value sufficient to prevent rotation, around the second axis (11), of the blocking lining (18), relative to the housing (2), when the second shaft (10) is biased in displacement in the specific direction (16). Winch (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it further comprises: a washer (50) mounted on the second shaft (10) between the lining (18) and the housing (2), the coefficient of friction between the washer (50) and the housing (2) being less than the coefficient of friction between the washer (50) and the packing (18); and a lever (49) pivotally mounted relative to the housing (2) about an axis of rotation (56), between a so-called active position in which an end portion (57) of the lever (50) engages in a notch (62) provided in the washer (50), to immobilize the latter in rotation about the second axis (11) relative to the housing (2) and prohibit the rotation of the lining (18) relative to the housing (2) , and a so-called inactive position in which the lever (49) is spaced from the washer to release the latter in rotation relative to the housing (2) around the second axis (11) and allow rotation of the lining (18) relative to the housing (2). Winch (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that it comprises a tension spring (63) tensioned between a lug (64) fixed to the housing (2) and a lug (65) fixed to the lever (49), the spring (63) being able to hold the lever (49) in its active position and / or in its inactive position. Winch (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in what it includes removal means (26) to move the cheek away from blocking (17) of the blocking lining (18), these distance means (26) comprising a third shaft (27) intended to be rotated by a crank (25) or the like, mounted to rotate relative to the housing around a third axis of rotation (28) transverse to the second axis of rotation (11) and comprising a cam (29) capable of being applied to the end part (30) of the second shaft (10), which is located downstream in the determined direction (16). Winch (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that the cam (29) comprises a screw head fixed transversely to the third axis (28) on the periphery of the third tree (27). Winch (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that the cam (29) includes a ball rotatably mounted in a recess, for example in the drill, in the lateral surface of the third shaft (27). Winch (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that it comprises at least one crank (25) or the like, removable and suitable to drive in rotation around their respective axis (11, 28), the second and / or the third shaft (10, 27), which each comprise a connecting member (24, 31) in rotation with the crank (25), the crank (25) comprising a link (33) complementary to these, the link member (33) of the crank (25) or the connecting members (24, 31) of the second and third shafts (10, 27) being for example with hexagon socket, such as with hexagon socket. Winch (1) according to claim 13, characterized in that the connection (24) of the second shaft (10) is on the upstream side in the direction determined (16), the winch (1) has a single removable crank (25) for the rotational drive of the second and third shafts (10, 27). Winch (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the first gear part (14) comprises a toothed wheel or a worm which is fixed to the first shaft (7) and of which a transverse surface is fixed, for example by one or more screws, to the adjacent flange (36), the second gear part (15) comprising a worm or a wheel toothed, including a surface transverse to the second axis of rotation (11) and turned in the determined direction (16) forms the locking cheek (17). Winch (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that it comprises a first U-shaped cradle, between the branches (5, 6) of which the first shaft (7) is mounted and a second U-shaped cradle, fixed by its branches (41, 42) to those (5, 6) of the first cradle and intended for fixing the winch to a support such as wall or wall. Safety device, comprising a mechanical assembly, such that opening, to two first and second positions, such as opening and closing, automatic means to pass the mechanical assembly from the second to the first position, a traction cable, for example sheathed, intended to pass the mechanical assembly from the second to the first position, to hold it there and to release it, a winch of traction and release of cable, characterized by a winch according to any one of claims 1 to 16. Installation such as room or building, comprising a system according to the claim 17 and / or a winch according to any one of claims 1 to 16.

Images