EP0957994B1 - Life saving apparatus for avalanches - Google Patents

Abstract

An avalanche life saving system has at least one inflatable buoyancy body of balloon design secured close to a user's body, a filling unit, a compressed gas unit with a compressed gas container and a release mechanism capable of actuation without a tool and attached to said compressed gas unit via a quick coupling and a release tubing. Compressed gas is transmitted to the buoyancy body via the filling unit upon actuation of the release mechanism. Actuation of the release mechanism produces a controlled pressure wave, which starts the flow of compressed gas from the compressed gas container to the filling unit.

Description

The invention relates to an avalanche rescue system, which is at least one close to the body of the user connected inflatable float, one Filling unit, a compressed gas unit with Compressed gas container and a trigger device.

Many experience downhill runs off marked slopes Skiers, snowboarders and ski tourers as impressive nature experience. But the pleasure can quickly become a life-threatening situation if Deep snow skiers get caught on a falling slope or kick a snowboard yourself. The crash with almost all those affected survive the snow masses. Just 7% die from immediate fall consequences such as shock or injury. Can spill up to 15 min around 90% of all avalanche victims are saved. Longer one survives only with free airways and after 30 to 45 min only with additional breathing cavity. To the To prevent spillage and thereby the Chances of survival in the event of an avalanche are significantly increased improve, avalanche rescue systems were the beginning developed type. Their functionality exists in that the user is attached by body-hugging Additional volume flushed up from the snow masses becomes, which spills and thus the risk of Suffocation is prevented.

For example, EP-PS 0123684 describes a Device for rescuing people in avalanches with one via a close connection with the user connected tearproof balloon, which in the Rescue operation is inflated using compressed gas, so that it acts like a buoyant body on the user Avalanche surface holds. This rescue device instructs Filling device on which one or more Pressurized gas cylinders are connected and which one Venturi nozzle arrangement is connected upstream. It also points out there described device a stiff, pot-shaped trained housing on that via straps with the User is connected. By with the environment Connected openings in the housing will fill of the balloon is sucked in ambient air, causing the Pressurized gas cylinder a correspondingly smaller volume can have.

WO96 / 35479 describes a rescue device which two via a close connection with the user connectable tearproof balloons, which in the Rescue operations are inflated using compressed gas, having. The filling device for connecting the balloon the compressed gas container has a device for opening of the compressed gas tank. The compressed gas tank with Filling device is independent of the balloon with the body of the User connected. The filling device is for a pure one Gas filling provided over the balloon.

The disadvantage of both devices described is that these either via separate harness over an existing one Backpack must be strapped so that at desired access to the backpack by placing the Rescue device is required, or that at Integration of the rescue device in one for it provided backpack the filling device considerable Has space requirements and the accessibility of the Backpacks difficult. With the pure gas filling comes additionally the increased weight of the compressed gas cylinders what both devices are unwieldy and only reluctant to be carried by the user.

The object of the present invention is therefore a space-saving, light weight, something that can be integrated directly into a backpack system if possible To create an avalanche rescue system that is safe is reliable and yet inexpensive.

This task is accomplished through an avalanche rescue system the features of claim 1 and a method for Refill such an avalanche rescue system Claim 11 solved. This points Avalanche rescue system based on a filling unit each space-saving within the buoyancy body or the. Buoyancy body is arranged. In addition to the smaller pack sizes for the buoyancy body (s) with integrated filling unit this arrangement additionally the advantage that filling unit and Compressed gas unit can be arranged separately can, whereby the filling unit and compressed gas unit can be spatially arranged so that they Do not bother users. Furthermore, it is Filling unit shielded from the user in this way, causing injuries to protruding parts be avoided. The compressed gas unit on the one hand a connection to the trip unit, which e.g. by means of a pressure gas hose or cable or linkage can be done, and connection options for the Pressurized gas lines to the filling units of the Buoyancy body. The heart of the compressed gas unit is the Holder for the compressed gas bottle and the Opening device for the closure of the Compressed gas cylinder. Advantageously, the Compressed gas unit also a fastening device for secure and firm attachment of the same to one designated place on. For example the integration of the compressed gas unit with Pressurized gas container in the back of a backpack particularly advantageous where this over tear-resistant straps with the force-transmitting fibers of the backpack connected is. The power transmission from the buoyancy body via the backpack to the user the backpack harness, which for the corresponding high loads during an avalanche occur is designed. This is no additional harness required, which makes the Use is facilitated. The or the Buoyancy bodies are stowed in the backpack in such a way that when triggered only a Velcro closure by the Pressure of the inflating buoyancy body open must become. The trigger device can advantageously attached to a shoulder strap or in be integrated to the front.

According to a preferred development of the invention the trigger device without tools from which the Connection to the compressed gas unit Release line detachable. In particular, in this Sense of the provided as a triggering device Release handle via a quick coupling to the Trigger line must be connected. The removability the triggering device allows unwanted Avoid tripping or false tripping. The Only then does the user of the system dock the trigger handle when he goes into the appropriate area. Before, especially in the mountain railway, on the train, in the Restaurant, in the omnibus, on the slopes, is the Release handle not docked. A triggering of the Systems is excluded. Furthermore, alternatively or additively, the triggering device for example with a Velcro tape unintentional triggering can be secured.

A particularly advantageous further training provides that the filling unit has an ejector nozzle. This is from the compressed gas at high speed flows through. This will during the filling process of the buoyancy body an additional suction of Ambient air allows what a lesser Requires amount of compressed gas, reducing the weight of the avalanche rescue system can be significantly reduced can. This contributes significantly to the comfort of the Avalanche rescue system.

An advantageous further development provides that the Ejector nozzle (250) from one with holes (261) provided jacket (260) is surrounded, whereby a two-stage ejector effect is generated.

It is also advantageous that the in the Float integrated filling unit with the Check valve connected to the environment. At When the filling process begins, compressed gas flows first through the ejector nozzle into the buoyancy body and causes it to be primed. It is Check valve still closed. The buoyancy body is freed from the storage space and that by the inflowing compressed gas generated vacuum causes this Open the check valve. The ejector effect of the Nozzle ensures a constant intake of ambient air. The buoyancy body shows in the filled state Mixture of compressed gas and ambient air. As Compressed gas can use nitrogen, for example become. When a certain filling level is reached decreases the ejector effect and the check valve closes again, causing an outflow of the Gas mixture from the buoyancy body is prevented.

An advantageous embodiment of the present Invention provides that the filling unit Bleed valve for manual bleeding of the Has buoyancy body. This makes it possible Avalanche rescue system back into one after use put in an easily transportable state, i.e. the Buoyancy bodies can be folded up again and in the stowage compartments provided for this purpose are brought. It is advantageous if the vent valve in the check valve is integrated. This contributes to Saving space and weight.

An advantageous embodiment provides that a Combined check and vent valve on the Filling unit is arranged.

The compressed gas unit advantageously has one Device for opening the pressurized gas container. This can, for example, a needle for piercing the Be the lid of the compressed gas container. The needle is there executed such that after piercing the Lid is pressed out of the compressed gas container or can flow around or through the compressed gas. The corresponding opening device can either by compressed gas, spring pressure, mechanical Linkage or cables are operated. Next flattened needles can also be hollow piercing pins or Firing pins are used.

An advantageous development of the present Invention provides that the compressed gas unit over a Compressed gas line is connected to the filling unit. By integrating the filling unit into the Buoyancy takes place because the air is sucked in directly on site, which means no corresponding designed lines for a gas-air mixture required are. By using Pressurized gas lines that are only connected to the Pressurized gas containers are not connected Check valve required in this area.

A particularly advantageous development of The present invention provides that the Trigger device a chamber for generating a controlled pressure wave. On the one hand, it can Ordinary blanks with gunpowder, but also Nitrogen cartridges are used. It can Trigger device both be constructed such that the Cartridge in a sled on a thorn snaps as also that a firing pin on a squib one fixed cartridge is popping. The triggered thereby Compressed gas wave is via a pressurized gas line executed trigger line to the compressed gas unit guided. Advantage of such a triggering device is that no complicated routing of Bowden trains or linkage is required, which means mechanical Failure such as Almost jamming a Bowden cable is excluded. To trigger all common Devices for igniting blank cartridges Application come. But also an electrical release can be used via wire or radio.

The triggering device (8) is advantageously as Handle designed to trigger a train. As an additional Such a handle can be a safety function Have an indicator that shows the charge status. Thereby the user will take a "shot down" avalanche rescue system warned.

The buoyancy body advantageously has one foldable, tearproof and gas-tight Material existing coat on. This can for example made of rubberized fabric or laminated Foil or tear-resistant balloon fabric. The Buoyancy bodies can have any suitable shape, such as e.g. Balloon, pillow or cigar shape. But also one simple tube shape can be sufficient.

Another advantageous embodiment provides that the buoyancy body (2, 3) within the shell (218) has a gas-tight balloon (219). By such a two-chamber structure is the Buoyancy body can be folded much smaller or "crumplable", which reduces the pack size. The Balloons can be made of PU, for example Polyamide fabrics exist while the sheath material thicker uncoated polyamide fabric.

An advantageous development of the present Invention provides that the jacket and balloon fabric of the buoyancy body with the valve opening of the Filling unit is connected gastight. This can can be achieved, for example, in that the jacket and Balloon tissue between a toothed Sealing ring and a pressure plate by means of screws or rivets are clamped gas-tight.

It is particularly advantageous that two laterally over buoyancy body protruding from the user's body are provided. On the one hand, this leads to the fact that The buoyancy body is stowed away in less disturbing places secondly, that the Total buoyancy area is increased because of the The user's body also as dynamic Buoyancy area serves. In the case of the Triggering the avalanche rescue system when a person leaves Flow avalanche a "sliding" on the surface of the Masses of snow. Another beneficial effect of lateral arrangement of the buoyancy bodies consists in that the skier or snowboarder in his Freedom of movement is hardly restricted, which means a Attempt to escape from the approaching avalanche is still possible is. Also the user's head is covered by the Buoyancy body protruding laterally over the head protected from injury. By using the dynamic buoyancy effect can be another significant effect the total volume of Buoyancy bodies are reduced, which increases significantly Reduction of weight and pack size contributes. Two buoyancy bodies also have one additional safety function because of damage or malfunction of one of the two buoyancy bodies of the remaining buoyancy bodies still sufficient Provides buoyancy.

Finally, it is advantageous if the Compressed gas unit of the avalanche rescue system in the Back part of a backpack is integrated and the Float connected to the side of the backpack are. This increases the comfort and enables Access the backpack without that To have to put down the avalanche rescue system beforehand or To clear parts of it out of the way. Also comes such a close connection that creates a deep The user does not sink into the avalanche.

A grille in front of the intake opening of the Filling unit advantageously prevents this Penetration of snow, ice or other foreign objects in the filling unit, e.g. during a fall and thereby jamming the check valve, which is a Malfunction of the filling unit prevented. The Grid can be a bar grid, sieve or fleece and for example made of plastic, synthetic fibers or Metal wire exist.

a) manuelles Betätigen der Auslösevorrichtung, wodurch eine Druckwelle ausgelöst wird;

b) automatisches Öffnen des Druckgasbehälters durch eine Öffnungsvorrichtung;

c) automatisches Vorfüllen des Auftriebskörper mit Druckgas, wodurch sich dieser aus dem Stauraum entfaltet;

d) automatisches Öffnen des Rückschlagventils der Befülleinheit;

e) Ansaugen von Umgebungsluft durch die Ejektorwirkung der Befüllungseinheit und vollständiges Befüllen des Auftriebskörpers.

An advantageous method for filling an avalanche rescue system according to the present invention explained above has the following steps:

a) manually actuating the triggering device, whereby a pressure wave is triggered;

b) automatic opening of the compressed gas container by an opening device;

c) automatic priming of the buoyancy body with compressed gas, whereby this unfolds from the storage space;

d) automatic opening of the check valve of the filling unit;

e) Sucking in ambient air through the ejector action of the filling unit and completely filling the buoyancy body.

Fig. 1 eine schematische Gesamtansicht des Lawinenrettungssystems;

Fig. 2 Schnitt durch eine Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Befülleinheit mit geschlossenem Rückschlagventil;

Fig. 3 die Befülleinheit aus Fig. 2 mit geöffnetem Rückschlagventil;

Fig. 4 eine Seitenansicht der Befülleinheit aus Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 Schnitt durch eine Ausführungsform der Druckgaseinheit mit Öffnungsvorrichtung in Ausgangsstellung;

Fig. 6 die Druckgaseinheit aus Fig. 5 in ausgelöstem Zustand;

Fig. 7 Druckgaseinheit mit angeschlossenem Druckgasbehälter;

Fig. 8 Schnitt durch eine Ausführungsform der Auslösevorrichtung in gespanntem Zustand;

Fig. 9 die Auslösevorrichtung aus Fig. 8 in ausgelöstem Zustand.

The present invention is described in more detail using an exemplary embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show:

1 is a schematic overall view of the avalanche rescue system;

2 shows a section through an embodiment of the filling unit according to the invention with the check valve closed;

FIG. 3 shows the filling unit from FIG. 2 with the check valve open;

FIG. 4 shows a side view of the filling unit from FIG. 2;

5 shows a section through an embodiment of the compressed gas unit with the opening device in the starting position;

6 shows the compressed gas unit from FIG. 5 in the triggered state;

Fig. 7 compressed gas unit with connected compressed gas tank;

8 shows a section through an embodiment of the release device in the tensioned state;

FIG. 9 the triggering device from FIG. 8 in the triggered state.

1 shows an overall schematic view of a Avalanche rescue system 1, which is dashed on indicated backpack 34 is arranged. In the Representation are two cigar-shaped floats 2, 3 in the inflated state, filling units 4, 5, a central compressed gas unit 6 Pressurized gas container 7 and a triggering device 8 shown. The buoyancy bodies 2, 3 have in the present Embodiment a volume of 75 1 each Tripping device 8 is via a quick coupling 9 connected to a trigger line 10 in one of the Carrying straps 31, 32 is integrated (not shown). The trigger line 10 designed as a compressed gas line is designed for high pressures (up to approx. 600 bar). she is at the end opposite the quick coupling 9 through a connector 11 with the lid 12 of the Pressurized gas unit 6 connected. The base member 13 of the Compressed gas unit 6 consists essentially of one cylindrical rotating part made of metal, which at its both arranged in the longitudinal axis direction End portions cylindrical cavities 37, 38 has. Both cavities 37, 38 are over a bore in connection with each other. The lid 12 is with a End portion of the cylindrical cavity 37 gas-tight screwed, in which there is a longitudinal axis of the base component displaceable piston 14 is located. With the piston 14, a needle 15 is connected, which in the hole between the two cylindrical ones Cavities 37, 38 of the base member 13 protrudes. The second cylindrical cavity 38 has an internal thread for receiving the cap of the compressed gas container 7 on. The compressed gas unit 6 and the compressed gas container 7 are integrated in the back of the backpack 34 and via fastening straps that are connected to the holding plate 35 connected, attached to this. In the middle section of the base component 13 are recordings for the Connections 16, 17 arranged. The connectors 16, 17 are with compressed gas lines 18, 19 (for pressures to about 600 bar) connected, each over Connection pieces 20, 21 with the filling units 4, 5 are connected. The filling units 4, 5 are located within the buoyancy body 2, 3 and have next to the Pressurized gas connection 20, 21 each have a non-return or Vent valve 22, 23 on. Leave the valves 22, 23 manually by pressing in the cylindrical body Open 24, 25. The filling unit 4, 5 consists of essentially made of plastic and is gastight with the Jacket of the buoyancy body 2, 3 connected. In the amount of Valve 22, 23 has the jacket of the buoyancy body 2, 3 a round opening, each inside of the Check valve is covered and sealed on the outside to protect against the ingress of snow Cover grid 26, 27 has. The material of the. Buoyancy body 2, 3 consists of gas-impermeable, tearproof and collapsible fabric and is about Tabs 28, each with a zipper on Backpack attached tabs 29, and a metal rod 30 passing through the tabs with the Backpack 34 connected (only on one side shown). It is also dashed on one side the side pannier 36 with the folded inside shown lift body 2a shown.

Device the user of the avalanche rescue system 1 into one Flow avalanche, so he actuates the triggering device 8 by pulling, which triggers a pressure wave, through the trigger line 10 on the piston 14 in the compressed gas unit 6 acts. The piston 14 is thereby moved towards the center of the base member 13, whereby the needle 15 connected to the piston 14 Cap of the pressure gas container 7 penetrates. The Pressurized gas, in the present case nitrogen (pressure approx. 200 bar), pushes the piston back with the needle and can then through the connectors 16, 17 and Pressurized gas lines 18, 19 into the filling units 4, 5 reach. The inflowing pressurized gas initially ensures a pre-filling of the buoyancy bodies 2, 3, whereby free them from their side panniers and the Check valves 22, 23 are exposed. The one through that inflowing compressed gas generated vacuum causes this Open the check valves 22, 23, which additionally Ambient air is sucked in. The filled Floating bodies 2, 3 thus have a filled state a mixture of compressed gas and ambient air. in the present embodiment are the two Buoyancy bodies 2, 3 on the backpack side parts arranged, which helps the skier escape do not hinder an avalanche. Moreover in the event of a fall, the buoyancy area the lateral arrangement of the buoyancy bodies 2, 3 significantly increased, which ensures safe sliding on the Flow avalanche possible. About the dashed indicated backpack straps 31, 32 and hip belt 33, also indicated by dashed lines, is a secure body-to-body connection of buoyancy bodies 2, 3 guaranteed with the user. The supporting seams of the Backpacks are designed to withstand particularly high forces the safe functioning of the avalanche rescue system guarantee.

2 and 3 show the filling unit 4 with the Plastic housing 200, the cover plate 210, the Cover grid 26, the compressed gas connection 20 and the Check or vent valve 22. Inside the Housing 200 is a base plate made of metal 220 arranged which have a through hole 230, as well has a bore 240. The bore 230 is on sealed at one end by the sealing screw 235 and the base plate is thereby fixed to the housing and is at its other end with the compressed gas connection 20th connected. The bore 230 is through the bore 240 with the nozzle 250 arranged on the base plate connected. The jacket is concentric with the nozzle 250 260 arranged. In its lower third, the Sheath 260 distributed four holes 261 around the circumference on. This is supported at the middle height of the jacket 260 Check / vent valve 22 on this. The Valve 22 consists of a guide rod 270 which of a spring 280 is surrounded. The spring protrudes into the Bore 285 of the cylindrical body 24 which in Longitudinal axis direction of the guide rod 270 is movable. On the circumference of the cylindrical Body 24 sits in a groove between two circular metal plates 290, 291 held circular Rubber seal 292. The cylindrical body 24 is opened the outside of the housing with a cylindrical jacket 294 of the grille 26 out. Between the Cover plate 210 and a sealing ring 215 are the Fabric jacket 218 and the balloon fabric 219 des Buoyancy body 2 screwed or riveted gastight. The cover plate 210 and the sealing ring 215 have an interlocking toothing on the additional security against slipping out of the Fabric jacket 218 and 219 offers (not shown). The diameter of the jacket opening is at present embodiment about 4 cm. The height the filling unit is approx. 14 cm.

In the idle state, the rubber sealing ring 292 is replaced by the Spring pressure of the spring 280 against the rotating one Sealing edge 296 pressed. During the filling process is compressed gas from the compressed gas line 18 via the Compressed gas connection 20, the bore 230 and the bore 240 introduced into the nozzle 250. The inflowing Compressed gas initially causes the Buoyancy body, which makes this automatically the side pannier exempt. The due to the Flow velocity of the compressed gas Negative pressure causes the check valve 22 to open against the spring pressure of the spring 280 (Fig. 3). Through the Ejector effect of the nozzle 250 is over the open one Check valve 22 through the grille 26 Ambient air sucked in (arrows A, B, C, D). there there is a double ejector effect because of the holes 261 sucked air flow the ejector effect of the compressed gas at the outlet of the casing tube 260 reinforced. With decreasing flow speed of the compressed gas decreases the ejector effect and that Valve 22 closes again. This will make a Escape of the gas mixture from the filled Prevents buoyancy. By pressure on the body 24, the valve 22 can be opened manually and the Buoyancy bodies are vented in this way.

4 shows a side view of the filling unit 6 from Fig. 2. In addition to the housing 200 is the cover plate 210, the cover grid 26, the cylindrical body 24 and the compressed gas connection 20 with the compressed gas line 18 shown. The cover plate 210 is through Screws or rivets 213 against the sealing ring screwed and clamped thereby the fabric jacket.

5 and 6 show the compressed gas unit 6 with the Cover 12, the piston 14, the needle 15 and the Connectors 11, 16, 17. The piston 14 has as Piston seal on an O-ring 430. The needle 15 has a strong one for stabilization and leadership Diameter and a smaller one in the area of the tip Diameter on. The needle 15 is on one side flattened so that gas can flow along it.

The base component 13 produced by machining points in the outer wall of the hollow cylindrical section in which the piston 14 is guided, a blow-off bore 400. Furthermore, the base component 13 has in its Middle section two blind holes 410, 411 and the central through hole 412 through which the needle 15 is performed. The cylindrical cavity 38 for The compressed gas container has an internal thread 420 on.

The pressure wave generated by the trigger device passes through the connector 11 in the cylindrical Cavity 37 of the compressed gas unit 6. There the piston 14 shifted by the pressure wave until the with the piston 14 connected needle 15 the cap 500 of the compressed gas container has pierced. In this Position, the piston 14 releases the blow-off bore 400, whereby the one generated by the trip unit Pressure wave can escape into the environment. That from the Compressed gas container flowing out presses now Needle and the plunger back into hers Starting position. This will make the Cap opening so far that compressed gas in the Blind holes 411, 412 can flow from where it is in the Connectors 16, 17 and from there on Pressurized gas lines 18, 19 into the filling units 4, 5 can reach.

7 shows the compressed gas unit 6 with the compressed gas container 7, the two-part as an aluminum turned part executed compressed gas bottle is formed. The Pressurized gas container 7 has an inside and External thread-provided cover 800 with guide collar 801 on. The union ring 810 works in conjunction with the Bund 801 centering the pressure vessel 7 at Screwing into the thread 800, causing damage the same is avoided. Furthermore, the prevents Bundle 801 screwing the Pressurized gas container 7 and thus unwanted opening of the Sealing cap. At the compressed gas unit 6 is the further the holding plate 35 by means of a collar 810 attached, through the longitudinal slots 820 Fastening straps for fastening the compressed gas unit 6 are provided in the back part of the backpack.

8 and 9 show a section through the Tripping device 8, wherein Fig. 8 the Trigger device in cocked and Fig. 9 the Show triggering device when triggered. Both Figures show the hollow cylindrical housing 600 made of metal, the cover 610, the spring 620, the carriage 630, the mandrel 640 and the pin 650, that runs in a guide 660 and one Has through hole 651. The carriage 630 has in the area of the receiving groove 670 for receiving the pin 650 an undercut 671. Through this Undercut 671 prevents pin 650 from being in the tensioned state, as shown in Fig. 8, from even slips out of the slot 670. Moreover becomes the strength through the depth of the undercut determined, which is required to pen 650 out pull out the slot 670. Furthermore points the carriage 630 a cartridge chamber 631 in which a blank cartridge 680 is accommodated. When actuated the triggering device 8 is a handle trained housing 600 in the pin 650th pulled away so that this from the The slot 670 slides out and the carriage 630 by the spring pressure in the direction of the mandrel 640 (Fig. 9). When the blank cartridge 680 strikes the This ignites the thorn and releases it Pressure wave can pass through the 650 pin Trigger line arrive. In the illustrated An embodiment is filled with gunpowder 9 mm blank cartridge used. Through the screw depth of cover 610 can bias spring 620 be adjusted, which is a safe triggering of the Blank cartridge allows. The groove 652 has a red one Marking on, whereby the user realizes that the release device is in the released state, as soon as this is visible as in Fig. 9. By appropriate design will slip back Pen 650 prevents the red mark in the Always "fired" state of the triggering device remains visible. Clamping is done by removing the Cover 610, whereby the spring 620 is relaxed and the sled can be removed. Then one new cartridge inserted and the sled into the Position in which the pin 650 in the Snap groove snaps into place. After that, the spring 620 becomes again biased by cover 610. The hollow cylindrical Pin 650 is connected to the trigger line with the Pressurized gas unit 6 connected.

Claims (17)

1. Avalanche rescue system (1), containing at least one inflatable buoyancy body (2, 3) that is connected to the user in the vicinity of the user's body and realized in the form of a balloon (219), a filling unit (4, 5), a compressed gas unit (6) with a compressed gas container (7) and a triggering device (8), characterized by the fact that the filling unit (4, 5) is arranged within the buoyancy body (2, 3).
2. Avalanche rescue system according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the filling unit (4, 5) contains an ejector nozzle (250) for attracting ambient air by suction.
3. Avalanche rescue system according to claim 2, characterized by the fact that the ejector nozzle (250) is surrounded by a jacket (260) with perforations (261) such that a two-stage ejector effect is achieved.
4. Avalanche rescue system according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the filling unit (4, 5) contains a return valve (22, 23) that is connected to the surroundings.
5. Avalanche rescue system according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the filling unit (4, 5) contains a ventilation valve for manually ventilating the buoyancy body (2, 3).
6. Avalanche rescue system according to claims 4 and 5, characterized by the fact that a combined return and ventilation valve is provided.
7. Avalanche rescue system according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the compressed gas unit (6) contains a device for opening the compressed gas container.
8. Avalanche rescue system according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the compressed gas unit (6) is connected to the filling unit (4, 5) via a compressed gas line (18, 19).
9. Avalanche rescue system according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the triggering device (8) contains a chamber (605) for generating a controlled pressure wave.
10. Avalanche rescue system according to claim 9, characterized by the fact that the triggering device (8) is realized in the form of a handle that is pulled in order to trigger the system.
11. Avalanche rescue system according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the buoyancy body (2, 3) contains an outer layer (218) that consists of a material that can be folded and is resistant to tearing.
12. Avalanche rescue system according to claim 11, characterized by the fact that the buoyancy body (2, 3) contains a gas-tight balloon (219) within the outer layer (218).
13. Avalanche rescue system according to claim 12, characterized by the fact that the outer layer fabric and the balloon fabric (218, 219) of the buoyancy body are connected in a gas-tight fashion to a valve opening (298) of the filling unit (4, 5).
14. Avalanche rescue system according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that two buoyancy bodies (2, 3) are provided which laterally protrude over the body of the user.
15. Avalanche rescue system according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the compressed gas unit (6) is integrated into the back section of a backpack, and by the fact that the buoyancy bodies (2, 3) are laterally connected to the backpack (34).
16. Avalanche rescue system according to claim 4, 5 or 6, characterized by the fact that a cover screen is provided in front of the valve so as to prevent the admission of foreign matter into the filling unit.
17. Avalanche rescue system according to one of claims 1-16, characterized by the fact that the triggering device (8) is connected to a triggering line (10) that produces the connection with the compressed gas unit (6) via a rapid-action coupling (9) that can be actuated without a tool.

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