EP0956424A2 - Procede et dispositif pour foncer des forages, en particulier des forages d'exploration et d'exploitation dans le fond de la mer - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif pour foncer des forages, en particulier des forages d'exploration et d'exploitation dans le fond de la mer

Info

Publication number
EP0956424A2
EP0956424A2 EP97951814A EP97951814A EP0956424A2 EP 0956424 A2 EP0956424 A2 EP 0956424A2 EP 97951814 A EP97951814 A EP 97951814A EP 97951814 A EP97951814 A EP 97951814A EP 0956424 A2 EP0956424 A2 EP 0956424A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drill string
platform
drill
string part
head
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97951814A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0956424B1 (fr
Inventor
Fritz Tibussek
Hermann-Josef Von Wirth
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mhwirth GmbH
Original Assignee
Wirth Maschinen und Bohrgeraete Fabrik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19702984A external-priority patent/DE19702984C1/de
Application filed by Wirth Maschinen und Bohrgeraete Fabrik GmbH filed Critical Wirth Maschinen und Bohrgeraete Fabrik GmbH
Publication of EP0956424A2 publication Critical patent/EP0956424A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0956424B1 publication Critical patent/EP0956424B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
    • E21B19/08—Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables; Apparatus for increasing or decreasing the pressure on the drilling tool; Apparatus for counterbalancing the weight of the rods
    • E21B19/09—Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables; Apparatus for increasing or decreasing the pressure on the drilling tool; Apparatus for counterbalancing the weight of the rods specially adapted for drilling underwater formations from a floating support using heave compensators supporting the drill string
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
    • E21B17/04—Couplings; joints between rod or the like and bit or between rod and rod or the like
    • E21B17/07—Telescoping joints for varying drill string lengths; Shock absorbers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
    • E21B19/08—Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables; Apparatus for increasing or decreasing the pressure on the drilling tool; Apparatus for counterbalancing the weight of the rods
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/001—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor specially adapted for underwater drilling
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/14—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor using liquids and gases, e.g. foams
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/29—Obtaining a slurry of minerals, e.g. by using nozzles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/12—Underwater drilling
    • E21B7/124—Underwater drilling with underwater tool drive prime mover, e.g. portable drilling rigs for use on underwater floors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/12—Underwater drilling
    • E21B7/128—Underwater drilling from floating support with independent underwater anchored guide base

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for bringing down boreholes, in particular for prospecting and extraction wells.
  • Excavation drilling is carried out for the purpose of investigating deposits and is intended to enable the material present in the deposit to be sampled.
  • Excavation wells are drilled in particular if the deposit is at greater depth and / or bodies of water above the deposit, such as lakes or seas, do not permit the excavation of excavation shafts.
  • Extraction wells are used to extract the reservoir content from soil layers.
  • the extraction of marine sediments with diamond inclusions stored on the sea floor is explained as an example of extraction drilling.
  • Such deposits which contain diamonds, have mostly formed before the estuaries in the form of not too large layers spread out on rocky ground.
  • To break down the diamond-containing sediment material mostly devices are used which comprise a drill head which is lowered to the sea floor with the aid of an extendable drill rod extending from a floating platform.
  • a floating platform is to be understood as any facility, the height of which depends on the current level of the sea or sea floor. Drill ships are particularly suitable for this.
  • the drill head In order to set the drill head into the rotational movement required for the drilling process, it is either arranged in a rotationally fixed manner on the drill pipe and this is set in rotation by means of a rotary drive (power head) arranged above the platform, or the drill string is rotatably mounted on the platform and it a drive is provided which rotates the drill head relative to the drill string.
  • a rotary drive power head
  • the drill string is rotatably mounted on the platform and it a drive is provided which rotates the drill head relative to the drill string.
  • the overburden which is loosened during the drilling process is usually conveyed through so-called "backwashing" - for example by using the known air lifting method - through the interior of the drill string to the platform, where it is provided via a pipe bend provided at the upper end of the drill string and connected to its internal volume Devices is supplied in which the separation of diamonds and overburden takes place in a known manner.
  • the platform comprises a device which permits vertical movement of the platform, for example caused by sea swell, without the propulsive force fluctuating significantly or the drill head even being lifted off the ground.
  • Such devices usually comprise pneumatic or hydro-pneumatic devices connected with a relatively large compensation volume. tables pistons / cylinder devices which are connected, for example, on the cylinder side to the drill string, on the piston side to a device carrying the drill string, for example a derrick.
  • the platform Due to the equalization volume connected to the cylinders, the platform can exert vertical movements without the force with which the drilling tool rests on the floor changes significantly. If the attachment point of the piston / cylinder devices on the platform side is below that on the drill string, the contact pressure of the drill head on the sea floor can be adjusted from the resulting weight force to a desired value by adjusting the pressure in the expansion tanks.
  • Pipe elbow are promoted. This is associated in particular with a high energy expenditure if the platform is currently at its lowest level, for example in a wave trough, since the energy expenditure depends on the height of the pipe bend above the water surface.
  • a device for drilling bores into the seabed in which the drill string comprises two drill string parts which can be displaced axially relative to each other and telescopically interlocking to compensate for the vertical movement of the platform.
  • the storage of internal and external drilling strand part is a complex device, comprising several seals and floating pistons for pressure equalization, which is filled with a hydraulic fluid and completely encapsulated to prevent the ingress of sediment.
  • the disadvantage of this device is that it is expensive to manufacture and because of the complicated on is prone to failure.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of further developing a method and a device of the type mentioned in such a way that these disadvantages are improved. This object is achieved by the method given in claim 1 and by the device given in claim 4.
  • the drill string consists of at least two telescopically intermeshing string parts which make a relative movement to one another when the platform moves vertically, for example induced by the thinning of the sea, means that the drill string is no longer necessary by at least half maximum expected vertical deflection of the platform protrudes over it, but the upper end of the drill string can lie directly above the platform surface.
  • the height of the center of gravity of the platform is considerably reduced, with the result that it is compared to those in which the
  • the drill head is arranged in a rotationally fixed manner on the drill string.
  • a drive is provided on the platform, which sets the drill string in rotation (claim 2).
  • the drill string is rotatably mounted on the platform and the drill head is set in rotation relative to the drill string.
  • This configuration on the one hand eliminates the need to increase the weight of the platform and possibly shift its center of gravity upwards, and on the other hand, the drill string can be used to guide electrical, hydraulic, etc. lines without the need for complex rotary unions or couplings.
  • One end of a rope guided to the platform can then also be attached in a simple manner to the lower drill string part, as a result of which the lower drill string part together with the drill head can be lifted from the bottom of the bore and onto the without any great expenditure of energy
  • the drill string comprises an outer and an inner drill string part, the inner drill string part - so that the vertical movement of the platform can be compensated for - at least over a length which is the maximum vertical to be expected from ocean thinning or the like
  • the outer drill string part with its upper end on the platform and at the lower end of the inner drill string part the drill head.
  • the arrangement is provided in the reverse manner, since the upper, preferably longer, drill string part, which is rigidly connected to the platform in the vertical direction during drilling operation, consists of components which are less complex to manufacture.
  • a device is provided on the platform with which the drill string can be provided in rotation about its longitudinal axis. The drill head is then arranged in a rotationally fixed manner on the drill string.
  • the drill string is rotatably mounted on the platform and a rotary drive is provided, by means of which the drill head can be set in rotation with respect to the drill string.
  • the rotationally fixed mounting of the drill string on the platform takes place in accordance with this preferred embodiment Claim 14 preferably by a non-rotatable, cardanic interception device ("gimbal").
  • the drill head is preferably driven either electrically or hydraulically (claims 15 and 16), the drive devices preferably being integrated into the drill head or being arranged directly above the same.
  • the pressure line required for using the air lifting method can be defined on the outer circumference of the drill string and parallel to it
  • the pressure line is designed as a pressure hose that can be unrolled from a winding drum (claim 18). This measure has the advantage that the pressure hose can be easily connected to both the upper drill string part and the lower drill string part.
  • At least one buoyancy element is arranged on the drill string part carrying the drill head.
  • the desired contact pressure of the drill head on the sea floor can be set in the device according to the invention.
  • buoyancy bodies are designed as floodable tanks, which can be filled with compressed air as required by a compressor located on the platform via appropriate compressed air lines (claim 21). If, according to claim 22, a buoyancy element is also provided on the drill string part mounted on the platform, part of the weight load on the platform can be compensated for, so that heavier and therefore longer drill string parts can be held and the device for digging digging holes at greater depths suitable is.
  • FIG. 1 shows a side view of an embodiment of the device according to the invention, in which the drill string has already been assembled to its full length, but has not yet been lowered into its operating position;
  • FIG. 2 shows the same embodiment with a drill string located on the platform in its operating position, but with a drill head raised from the seabed;
  • Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of section IV in Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 5 shows a cross section according to section V-V in Fig. 4 and a representation of the drill string in the area in which the inner drill string part projects into the outer - in sections - in longitudinal section.
  • the device designated 100 as a whole in FIGS. 1 to 3 comprises a mast 2 arranged on a floating platform 1, which is only shown in a hint in FIGS. 1 to 3. As is also only indicated in FIG. 1, it is equipped with a block and tackle 3 which serves to raise or lower one or more segments 4, 4 'of a drill string designated as a whole as 5.
  • the provision and transfer of the drill string segments 4, 4 'to the block and tackle 3 serve for this purpose
  • Known devices, not shown in the drawing which are usually referred to as a "pipe erector" or "pipe handling system”.
  • the drill string 5 consisting of removable segments 4, 4 'comprises an upper drill string part 6 and a lower drill string part 7.
  • the upper drill string part 6 opens at position 8 into the lower drill string part 7 and projects as shown in Fig. 1 approximately up to point 9 in this.
  • the upper and lower drill string parts 6, 7 are designed in the length range provided for the insertion of the upper drill string part such that the drill string parts 6, 7 can move relative to one another in this length range with little friction in the longitudinal direction of the drill string, a twisting of the two drill string parts
  • Drill head 10 is arranged, which can be rotated by means of a rotary drive 11 arranged above it on the lower drill string part relative to the drill string 5 which is mounted in the platform in a rotationally fixed manner and receives the reaction torque.
  • a hydraulic motor serves as the power source and is supplied with pressurized hydraulic fluid via a hydraulic line 12.
  • an electric drive instead of the hydraulic drive and to provide an electrical line instead of the hydraulic line 12.
  • Eyelets 13 are provided, to which two ropes 16 'are fastened, which run through an opening 14 provided in the platform, through which the drill string 5 also extends, and which are directed towards a winch 16 via deflection rollers 15. leads are.
  • the lower drill string part can thus be raised and lowered by actuating the winch 16.
  • the drill string 5 is already assembled to its full length by screwing individual segments 4 or 4 '.
  • the pipe bend serving for the discharge of excavated overburden is arranged.
  • the drill string parts 6, 7 are lowered until the upper region 18 of the upper drill string part 6 is level with a cardanically suspended intercepting device 19, shown schematically in FIG. Gimbal ").
  • the device 100 is positioned in such a way that the drill head is located above the location of the seabed to be removed.
  • the winch 16 is released, as a result of which the lower drill string part 7 slides down on the part protruding into it
  • a buoyancy unit 21 is arranged in the region of the upper end of the lower drill string part.
  • the essentially tubular upper drill string part comprises a tubular part 23 of circular cross section, which is divided into segments 4 which can be screwed together by means of flanges. Over its length that can be inserted into the lower drill string part, four angular profiles 22, evenly distributed over the circumference, are parallel to the central longitudinal axis L on the tubular part
  • Each angle profile 22 comprises two legs 22 ', 22''which form a right angle to one another.
  • the angle profiles 22 are welded to the free edges of the legs 22 ', 22''with the tubular part 23 of the upper drill string part 6 over their length - at least in sections.
  • the bearing of the upper drill string part 6 in the lower drill string part 7, which is suitable for the transmission of torques directed about the central longitudinal axis L and which allow a relative movement in the axial direction between the upper and the lower drill string part, serves accordingly
  • Each roller assembly 24 comprises two pairs of rollers 25, 26, the rollers 25, 25 '; 26, 26 'are spaced apart from one another in the direction of the central longitudinal axis and their axes of rotation run parallel to one another, whereas the axes of rotation of the pairs of rollers 25, 26 of a pair of rollers 24 are oriented perpendicular to one another.
  • Each roller arrangement 24 comprises a roller holder 27 which is arranged on the outer lateral surface of a substantially tubular segment 4 'of the lower drill string part 7.
  • bores for receiving roller shafts 29 are machined into the roller holder 27.
  • the bores are arranged in such a way that the axes of rotation S are essentially outside the cross section of the lower drill string part 7, but the rollers 28 enter the inner cross section of the segment 4 'through openings 30 which are incorporated. protrude so that the running surfaces 31 of the rollers are aligned with the outer surfaces of the angle profiles 22 and roll in the nested state of the drill string parts 6, 7 on the outer surfaces of the angle profiles.
  • This type of mounting ensures a low-friction displacement of the upper and lower drill string parts in the longitudinal direction relative to one another while simultaneously transferring high reaction moments about the central longitudinal axis L of the drill string.
  • the overburden is conveyed from the bottom of the bore to the platform according to the known air lifting method, not shown in the drawing, in which air is blown into the interior of the drill string via a corresponding feed line.
  • an inner tube 36 (epee pipe) flanged, which protrudes into the part of the lower drill string part 7 underneath and ends open just above the rotary drive 11.
  • the lower drill string part 7 is double-walled in this area, the inner wall 47 being formed by an inner tube 48, the inner diameter of which is dimensioned such that it forms a narrow annular gap 49 with the outer diameter of the inner tube 46.
  • the loosened sediment penetrates into the interior of the upper drill string part through the lower opening of the inner tube 36 as a result of the negative pressure prevailing in the inner volume of the upper drill string part through the use of the air-lifting method, so that it is not already compatible with the roller arrangements 24 or angle profiles 22 can come into contact.
  • the lower part that prevails in the interior of the upper drill string part 6 pressure to the fact that a certain amount of ambient water is always sucked up through the annular gap 49 from the upper end of the lower drill string part 7 and washed around the roller arrangement 24 and the angle profiles 22, so that possibly penetrated sediment portions are always washed out.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif pour foncer des forages, en particulier des forages d'exploration et d'exploitation, dans le fond de la mer (40). Selon l'invention, une partie du fond de la mer est enlevée au moyen d'une tête de forage (10) rotative qui est placée à l'extrémité inférieure d'une tige de forage (5) conçue pour la transmission d'un couple de rotation. L'extrémité supérieure de la tige de forage est placée sur une plateforme (1) flottante. La tige de forage (5) est constituée d'au moins deux tronçons de tige (6, 7) entrant l'un dans l'autre, de manière téléscopique, qui, lors d'un mouvement vertical de la plateforme, dû par exemple à la houle, exécute un déplacement relatif, de sorte que la tête de forage (10) repose avec une force sensiblement constante sur la surface à enlever.
EP97951814A 1996-12-10 1997-11-27 Procede et dispositif pour foncer des forages, en particulier des forages d'exploration et d'exploitation dans le fond de la mer Expired - Lifetime EP0956424B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19651303 1996-12-10
DE19651303 1996-12-10
DE19702984A DE19702984C1 (de) 1996-12-10 1997-01-28 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Niederbringen von Bohrlöchern, insbesondere für Schürf- und Gewinnungsbohrungen, in den Meeresboden
DE19702984 1997-01-28
PCT/DE1997/002770 WO1998026151A2 (fr) 1996-12-10 1997-11-27 Procede et dispositif pour foncer des forages, en particulier des forages d'exploration et d'exploitation dans le fond de la mer

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0956424A2 true EP0956424A2 (fr) 1999-11-17
EP0956424B1 EP0956424B1 (fr) 2001-01-24

Family

ID=26032067

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97951814A Expired - Lifetime EP0956424B1 (fr) 1996-12-10 1997-11-27 Procede et dispositif pour foncer des forages, en particulier des forages d'exploration et d'exploitation dans le fond de la mer

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US6422324B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP0956424B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU730041B2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998026151A2 (fr)

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US20060162933A1 (en) * 2004-09-01 2006-07-27 Millheim Keith K System and method of installing and maintaining an offshore exploration and production system having an adjustable buoyancy chamber
US7458425B2 (en) * 2004-09-01 2008-12-02 Anadarko Petroleum Corporation System and method of installing and maintaining an offshore exploration and production system having an adjustable buoyancy chamber
CN110159210A (zh) * 2019-04-25 2019-08-23 中国地质大学（武汉） 一种波浪位移补偿装置
US10975630B1 (en) 2020-02-06 2021-04-13 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Expansion tubing joint with extendable cable
CN116771352B (zh) * 2023-07-13 2023-12-29 中国海洋大学 一种垮塌式海砂抽采的采集装备及方法

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US6422324B1 (en) 2002-07-23
WO1998026151A3 (fr) 1998-10-01
AU730041B2 (en) 2001-02-22
WO1998026151A2 (fr) 1998-06-18
AU5548398A (en) 1998-07-03
EP0956424B1 (fr) 2001-01-24

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