EP0956383B1 - Method and device for treating filament yarn with air - Google Patents

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for air treatment of Filament yarn with yarn treatment nozzles with continuous, miniaturized Yarn channel into which compressed air or gaseous fluid is introduced and a dominant one Twist flow is generated in the yarn channel.

State of the art

The production of yarn from man-made fibers is based on a large number Basic procedural stages. The individual endless filaments are spun extruded from hot, liquid, thermoplastic polymer raw material and then solidified in a cooling stage. A desired number of filaments are then brought together into a single thread either cut as staple fiber or left as a continuous filament becomes. As a result, the stacked goods are no longer discussed. This will subjected to analog processing steps as they are based on the basic principle in classic natural yarn production are known. That under high pressure produced, very fine filament, like the yarn made from it, has a number Basic properties. These prevent the solidified, undrawn filaments for the manufacture of textiles. During the polymerization of a filament forms a chain molecular structure with less Preorientation of the chain molecules. If you put such a yarn under a stronger one Tension, so there is a considerable, permanent change in length. A typical one Representative of such a yarn called POY (pre-oriented yarn), lets stretch plastically by a factor of 1: 1.5 to 1.8.

Until 30 years ago, a LOY quality was mostly produced, which even had to be stretched in a ratio of 1: 3 to 3.8. The stretching process is for later use in the manufacture of textiles Mandatory work step, otherwise the fabric (manufactured from undrawn yarn) stretched locally for the first time would. The second property is that the molecular orientation at Yarn temperatures of about 200 ° C and more can be changed permanently, if the yarn is cooled immediately after an appropriate intervention. The Lowering the temperature below the glass transition point has an effect Fixing the changed Mulekülorientierung generated under force. The third property is based on the second. The yarn becomes one when hot subjected to strong twisting and a strong twist applied to the yarn. This Intervention has been used worldwide for many decades and is called a false twist procedure designated. Friction spindles are the most commonly used as swirlers used. The twist mechanically forced onto the yarn means that Yarn creates a spiral molecular orientation, so after solidification and when relaxed, the single filament into a curved shape can pass, as in the state of the art in Figure 1 on the right in the picture is shown schematically. The main sequence of the helix-like formed in this way Molecular orientation is that the relaxed yarn is a bulk or a Can assume crimped structure. The product created in this way is textured as false twist Yarn, and gives the later end product a textile character.

Another special property of man-made yarns is that single filament is sometimes very thin. So that you can economically focus on a large Production performance comes, many filaments are made from an appropriate Amount of spinnerets produced continuously and at very high speeds. In the 1960s the spinning speed was still around 1000 m / min. This has been continuously increased since then and is now between 3000 and 8000 m / min. It emerged, among others, two special processing branches for the production of textured yarn. In one case, the texturing is directly related to the spinning process coupled; in the other case (for titers <1000, in particular <334) the Texturing can be separated from the spinning process. In the second case there is a too large discrepancy between spinning speed (POY yarn 3 - 4000 m / min.) and the possible texturing speed. Therefore, after spinning Supply spools are manufactured. The finishing stretching and texturing is then carried out with the supply spools separately from the filament spinning process carried out. For coarse texture yarns, the so-called BCF yarns (Bulked continuous filament) can be directly connected to filament extrusion, cooling and Stretch, be textured. Typical BCF production speeds are included 2500 to 5000 m / min. become. One knows a simultaneous and sequential stretch texturing. Characteristic of both methods is that first a heating zone in the thread running direction and then a mechanical one Friction spindle for swirl generation is arranged. With sequential stretch texturing (Figure 1a) the yarn is stretched in a first stage and only in one second (in terms of yarn tension) separate stage, false twist texturing carried out. Since the twist in the thread running direction backwards up to the next supplying plant in front of it can immediately after the heating zone, however, a cooling zone must be arranged in front of the swirl sensor. Simultaneous stretch texturing stretching and texturing take place within the same Stage, as shown in Figure 1b. With the mechanical friction spindle the highest possible yarn speeds can currently be reached. It but there is a natural performance limit mainly due to the wrapping, the maximum allowable tension on the yarn and the friction resistance compared to the swirl discs. If the service to be transferred is Swirl disks are increased to a permissible level, so "Surging" occurs. there skips part of the false twist that has already been generated with the thread running, forward in the direction of the thread, the swirl discs. This leads to one currently reduced thread tension and at the same time a reduced twist effect. This effect is ultimately on the finished textiles as a periodic error repetitive differences e.g. recognizable in color.

The processes described are a combination of heating / cooling as well a mechanically generated change in the molecular orientation. In contrast to do you know the air bubble texturing e.g. according to EP-PS 88 254. The air blowing texturing uses air forces, especially shock waves at the outlet from an air nozzle out. The shock waves continuously create filament loops on each individual filament. In the case of air texturing, the yarn is delivered in large quantities led the air nozzle. This tradition is used in the texturing of bubbles for the in all directions, including loops forming against the inside of the thread. The stability of the loop yarn is special due to the loop effect but ensured by filament to filament friction. The generation of bulk In contrast, the false twist textured yarn is based on the newly formed helix molecule orientation. The character of air textured yarn and false twist textured Yarn is very different. The two yarn qualities have each own, special areas of application. Apart from the qualitative differences (from airblast textured and false sound textured yarns) there is a major difference of the two techniques in the structural dimensions of the texturing device. The mechanical friction spindle has a multiple of the dimensions the air-jet texturing nozzles mentioned. The mechanical friction spindle has extremely fast rotating parts, compared to the air texturing nozzle, which for their function does not require any moving parts. The most visible disadvantage of the mechanical friction spindle lies in the width dimension. Must be a parallel one Thread coulter with many threads are processed, so the corresponding Furnishing very wide. In addition to the classic, long or "deep" stretch texturing machines special machines are also built, e.g. for warp stretching, with parallel to those at a depth of 1 to 2 meters to well over 1000 threads, however can be processed without texturing spindles. The same applies to slip systems. The warp line systems with a tangle device show that a Air treatment in the smallest space is possible. The desired goal is therefore a Develop compressed air element in a correspondingly small form, especially with the Possibility of optimized simultaneous processing.

US Pat. No. 3,279,164 shows that the attempt was made four decades ago To exploit the performance of an air nozzle to replace mechanical ones Twister with an air nozzle to produce the well-known "Helanca" yarn. It was tried with compressed air at least half the speed of sound and with to work more than 200,000 turns on the yarn. It is interesting Claim that speeds of up to 1 million revolutions per minute have been achieved. From small cross-sectional channels to common nozzle cross-sections was a large number of different designs as well Air pressures from 1 to about 12 bar were examined. According to the technical teaching of In the publication, sequential processing was aimed for with a stretching operation prior to the texturing zone. The one shown is particularly interesting Figure 48, which illustrates the critical working conditions of the process. The Tradition was 15%. Strong pressures occurred at a pressure greater than 12 bar Voltage fluctuations on what leads to a twist doubling phenomenon becomes. Values between 8 and 12 bar were determined as the optimum pressure. The Processing speed was mostly at 100 to 300 m / min. Alone from the point of view of the new invention, the extremely low yarn throughput speed was probably the main reason why this air false twist technique in the Practice could have no chance. At the same time, one bet enormous increase in performance of the mechanical swirl encoders, which within 30 years to quadruple to quintuple the processing speed led to over a thousand m / min. In the professional world, opinion has changed until today enforced that the air treatment of filament yarn in particular the false twist texturing is not economically feasible, just like the newest Technical literature - e.g. Dr. Demir, Istanbul - confirmed (Chemical Fibers International, 46/1986 Dr. Demir, pages 361-363).

Presentation of the invention

The inventor set himself the task of looking for ways and means or to develop appropriate procedures to deal with ventilation technology without mechanical moving parts to treat the yarn and also prefers a "false twist texture" achieve. The goal was also a simultaneous drawing and texturing, be it on the individual thread or on a thread sheet. It was also part of the Task for a part of the applications of a mechanical swirl generator Air treatment nozzle to replace.

The method according to the invention is characterized in that high pressure air of more than 14 bar and the filament yarn is stretch-textured.

According to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the stretch texturing method of filament yarn with at least one heating zone and one cooling zone as well a twist generator is partially drawn yarn, preferably POY yarn, as Starting material simultaneously stretched and textured, or stretch textured, the Twist on the yarn through an air treatment nozzle with a feed pressure in it Range of 14 to 80 bar is generated. The inventive nozzle for Air treatment of filament yarns with a continuous yarn channel tangential supply of compressed air in the yarn channel for the production of a dominant swirl flow in the yarn channel, the yarn channel being miniaturized is characterized in that the nozzle is a miniature nozzle for one High pressure range of more than 14 bar, in particular 20 to 50 bar is formed.

A particularly preferred embodiment relates to a system, in particular a system Stretch texturing system for air treatment of filament yarns with at least one Air treatment nozzle in miniaturized form, an air pressure system for one area from 20 to 50 bar, as well as setting means for a selectable working pressure.

The inventor has recognized that in the previous practice of air treatment of yarn using air treatment nozzles actually has an upper reasonable limit for had passed the air pressure. First of all, one knows about pressure generators or compressors a natural upper pressure limit of around 12 bar when compressed in one step becomes. Secondly, all older, known experiments showed, especially those U.S. Patent 3,279,164 that an increase in pressure over the range of 8 to 12 bar mostly no improvement depending on the specific application, rather worsened the work result. So it didn't do any Sense, the pressure over two or more levels e.g. beyond 12 - 14 bar increase. There was also the logic that in any case the increase in air pressure, despite the much higher production costs, not to increase the air speed is usable. The inventor now went the opposite way. He recognized early on that in many applications not primarily the air speed alone, or the increase in air speed, but that it is combined with the increase in density of the air must be decisive. Through large series of tests (exactly contrary to the previous logic) starting from 100 bar and surprisingly, the inventor was able to steadily lower it down to the known values Striking working windows discover which ideal conditions in particular offer for false twist texturing of yarns. The determined work window are relatively narrow and in relation to low yarn speeds different yarn qualities different. In the area of fine yarn the window often between 20 to 35 bar. This print is with a two or three-stage compressor easily generated. Another surprise was that the good results almost easier at yarn speeds of over 500 m / min., and up to 800 m / min. and more have been achieved. It is therefore a Speed range that the direct "inline use" ex. at acquaintances Warp stretchers allowed. Another important point was the realization that the Air forces must be manageable to a much greater extent than in the prior art. The inventor looked for possibilities down to the smallest yarn channels, very high To achieve air swirl intensities. In order to realize this, an appropriate reasonably high air mass flow at high yarn twist speeds generated. It could be determined that the swirl is more intense when the amount of air is led tangentially into the yarn channel via many small transverse channels. But with that a high air-mass pressure rate is obtained with small cross-sectional cross-channels, at the nozzle inlet, the pressures were within the specified range tested from 20 to 100 bar. The tests have the correctness of the assumptions approved. High pressure generated in two or more stages, especially of over 20 bar can be used economically with a miniaturized nozzle. Especially with special Geometry, as will be explained. The added profit is that the compressed air consumption can be greatly reduced with the same work performance.

The invention permits a number of advantageous configurations or applications. It is very particularly preferred that all transverse channels open tangentially into the yarn channel, such that a dominant, cyclonic swirl flow creates and the filament yarn is actually false twisted textured. Here the benefits can be felt immediately be implemented, with the air nozzle working as an equivalent swirler, like good ones mechanical swirlers. A work window is particularly preferred once or repeatedly determined in the range of 14 to 50 bar operating pressure, for determination the range limits, after which the optimal operating feed pressure within the window can be determined accordingly. From the given pressure conditions the flow in the narrowest cross-section is always critical / supercritical. The air speed is accordingly in the area of sound / supersonic. The air speed can with a given nozzle geometry with greater pressure only in limited Extent to be increased. All attempts also have the acceptance of Inventor confirms that at least in a limited range the transferable Force increases in direct proportion to the air density. The print area below the Print window results in insufficient texturing and can with greater pressure reduction due to a steep increase in thread tension, it soon collapses the texture. At low yarn speeds and high feed pressure The air forces in the air are so great that the thread in the nozzle shears off directly can be. The area above the print window results in a "Surging" like it is already known for mechanical spindles. The best results so far could be achieved if POY yarn as the starting material simultaneously textured draw has been. With at least one heating zone, one cooling zone and Subsequent air treatment nozzle, the yarn over the air blow treatment nozzle was false twisted textured at 400 to over 800 m / min. Yarn feeding speed. During the first test attempts, without knowing the optimal one Working window, only with the FOY quality could you achieve usable results with conditions similar to those described in U.S. Patent 3,279,164 were. The tests also confirm the accuracy of the information provided by the Inventor US Pat. No. 3,279,164 which became known only later. Because the FOY yarn quality has a rigid behavior, i.e. can only be stretched minimally, had to go with imperative to be worked with tradition so that Shortening when twisting is compensated. This is not without problems Formation of a secondary thread.

According to the invention, an optimal working window is preferred for each yarn quality determined. Optimal thread tensions in relation to the thread titer are between 0.3 to 0.6 (cN / dtex), with a feed pressure between 20 and 40 bar. It will proposed that the control speed should preferably be the yarn speed, the working pressure and the thread tension are selected in relation to the thread quality and accordingly optimized values are set. The new invention also allows false twist stretch texturing of yarn, be it individual Thread or as a group of threads. The yarn can e.g. single-stage "in line" stretch-textured immediately before winding on a warp beam. The Air treatment nozzle preferably has a larger number, for example. 4 to 10 or more, preferably 4 to 8 cross channels. These are either in a radial plane, in a plane parallel to the yarn channel axis or in a combination of the two arranged. The cross channels open tangentially in the vicinity of the yarn channel wall, see above that an intensive and maximum possible swirl flow is generated. Advantageously become a multitude for a parallel air treatment of a thread group Nozzles close together i.e. Nozzle arranged on a pressure distribution body. Two or more nozzles can be combined in one nozzle block his. It is also possible to form the nozzle body in one piece and with a cylindrical one Form jacket shape, arranged in the region of both end sides of the jacket shape Sealing rings, with the compressed air supply between the two sealing rings is arranged. All previous attempts have given the best results though the yarn channel symmetrical and in the middle section circular cylindrical with high Surface quality is formed, and the mouths of the cross holes in the middle section and the geometric position of all cross holes in relation to the tangential insertion into the yarn channel are arranged identically. The tangential channels can be in a common radial plane, in a slightly conical shape, or preferably lie in a plurality of radial planes offset from one another. According to a further embodiment, the nozzle body is formed in two parts and the Tangential channels in a radial parting plane between the two parts arranged. For the use of the air treatment nozzle for false twist texturing the yarn channel is preferred in the area of the yarn entry and exit identically expanded conically.

The invention further relates to a system for air treatment of filament yarns and is characterized in that it has at least one or more Air treatment nozzles in miniaturized form, an air pressure system for 14 to 80 bar preferably 20 to 50 bar and a control / regulating device in particular for the yarn speed, the thread tension as well as a selectable working pressure in Has reference to the yarn quality to be processed. The plant is preferred as Warp stretching system designed with a large number of parallel machined partially drawn, preferably POY yarns or a corresponding thread group, with at least one heater, one cooler and one nozzle block with one Variety of air treatment nozzles, according to the number of threads, as well as one Warp beam, as well as one delivery plant before the heater and after the nozzle block.

Brief description of the invention

die Figuren 1a, 1b und 1c

die Falschdralltexturieruhng im Stand der Technik;

die Figur 2

schematisch ein erfindungsgemässer Falschzwirnprozess für Einzelfäden;

die Figur 3a

ein erfindungsgemässes Arbeitsfenster für den Einsatz einer Luftbehandlungsdüse;

die Figur 3b

verschiedene Fadenzugkraftaufzeichnung;

die Figur 4

schematisch ein Falschzwirnprozess mit gekoppeltem Luftexturierprozess;

die Figuren 5 sowie 6

zwei Ausgestaltungen von erfindungsgemässen Luftbehandlungsdüsen;

die Figur 7

schematisch eine FZ-Texturiermaschine des Standes der Technik;

die Figur 8

eine erfindungsgemässe Falschzwirnstrecktexturier-Schäranlage;

die Figur 9a, 9b und 9c

ein Druckluftverteilrohr zu Figur 8;

die Figur 10a,

einer Serie von Luftbehandlungsdüsen für eine Fadenschar mit einer Einzeldüse (Figur 10b).

The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to individual performance examples. Show it:

Figures 1a, 1b and 1c

the false twist texturing in the prior art;

the figure 2

schematically an inventive false twisting process for single threads;

the figure 3a

a working window according to the invention for the use of an air treatment nozzle;

the figure 3b

various thread traction recordings;

the figure 4

schematically a false twisting process with coupled air texturing process;

Figures 5 and 6

two configurations of air treatment nozzles according to the invention;

the figure 7

schematically an FZ texturing machine of the prior art;

the figure 8

a false twist stretch texturing warping system according to the invention;

Figures 9a, 9b and 9c

a compressed air distribution pipe to Figure 8;

FIG. 10a,

a series of air treatment nozzles for a family of threads with a single nozzle (Figure 10b).

Ways and implementation of the invention

In the following, reference is now made to FIGS. 1a, 1b and 1c, which show the present practice or the state of the art. In Figure 1a are on the two basic process steps are highlighted in the left half of the picture. It is about thereby a torsion generation (tors.) as well as the thermal fixation. Smooth Yarn 4 is fed to the process via a delivery unit 1 (LW 1) and after Delivery unit 2 (LW 2) drawn off as yarn 5 with crimp quality. The smooth yarn 4 will 1b and 1c removed from a supply spool 6 and, for example, on a take-up spool 7 rewound. A mechanical swirl device is used as the swirl device e.g. a friction spindle 8 is used. The thermal fixation 3 (therm. Fix.) Consists essentially of a heater 9 (H) and a cooler 10 (K). The swirl sensor 8 acts through the entire stage of thermal fixation. The effect is shown symbolically as twisted yarn 11. However, since it is is a false twist, this is canceled after the swirl 8, again. The the change in molecular orientation generated by the treatment is on the right in the Figure 1 shown, on the one hand as an outer geometric configuration of the yarn and on the other hand as an internal orientation of the molecules. Reference is made to the publication Chemical Fibers International, 46/1996 Dr. Demir, pages 361 to 363. The result of the known false twist texturing is a crimp yarn 5 due to a corresponding internal structural change. Figure 1b shows the sequential stretch texturing. A texturing zone (TZ) is 12 the yarn is drawn into a drawing zone 13 (St. Z) separated by the delivery unit 1. In contrast to this, FIG. 1c shows the stretching and texturing in FIG a stretching and texturing zone 14 (St.Z / TZ). This process is called simultaneous stretch texturing designated. With simultaneous stretch texturing, the Process section, so that this process can be operated much more economically. As mentioned at the beginning, using friction swirlers can be enormous high production speeds.

For weaving, the textured yarns e.g. with 500 to 1000 partly with 1000 up to 2000 parallel individual threads are wound up (FIG. 7). The upwind can not directly because of the very different division. In the state of the Technology must first intermediate coils or supply coils 7 as the first stage getting produced. In simultaneous stretch texturing, stretching and that Texturing can be carried out in a machine unit. The wrapping on one Warp beam 16, however, must also here in a separate second stage be carried out, as shown in Figure 7. As further shown in FIG. 7, an entire false twist stretch texturing system consists of at least the following Components: Bobbin creel 15 for filament yarn bobbins; first thread transport device LW1 for the thread group 20; Heater plate 17 for thread sheet; Heatsink (with or without forced cooling) 18; Swirl imparting devices 19; second Thread transport device LW2; Winding tree for the thread sheet 20; Monitoring equipment at various points on the machine.

Figure 2 shows a first example of the use of the new invention. This corresponds to the first part of the system up to the heater of Figure 1c, as well as the yarn transport after the swirl generator. The swirl generator is according to the new one Invention a miniature nozzle 30. This is compressed air from a pressure generator unit 23 with high compression, in the example in a two-stage compression supplied to the miniature nozzle 30. Just as an example is 12 bar and in in the first stage the second stage entered 33 bar. Air is drawn in via an inlet 24 pre-compressed in the first compression stage 25, via an outlet valve 26 and an air cooler 27 is guided into the second compression stage 28. From the second stage the air through an outlet valve and a corresponding compressed air guide system 29 the miniature nozzle 30 fed into the yarn channel 33. At 31 is a pressure control valve 32 the pressure setting means and 34 the fancy yarn.

FIG. 3a shows the test results for a specific one in a diagram Yarn quality (PES POY 167 f 30 VS - Visco Swiss). The specific nozzle used was designated S3. The delay was 1: 1,766. The temperature of the heater 200 ° C. The cooling rail was 1.7 m long. A Rothschild measuring head was used 100 cN. The graphic shows the thread tension F2 perpendicular to the nozzle, above the pressure p in bar as horizontal. The family of curves shows different ones Speeds V2 of yarn. The respective trend in the individual areas is marked with thick arrows: to the top left <Glattg. means increase Smooth yarn character; <Surg. means increase in surging; > Text.int. decreasing texturing intensity; A / E working window and the cheapest setting range. Speaking in the picture, one "half" of the new invention lies in the aspect Compressed air / work window. The other "half" is in the design of the Air treatment nozzles. The key problem in finding the solution was that the success of the miniaturized nozzles finding the work window and that Working window assumes the existence of the miniaturized nozzle. In the horizontal is the pressure of the supply air (20 to 60 bar) and vertically the yarn tension in cN. the 5th Curves 60, 61, 62, 63, 64 were created as texturing tests with 600 to 1000 m / min. In the middle field, at around 30 to 40 bar, one has become quite strong trained sink result. Particularly important for the assessment of the diagram is the observation of the process limits. These consist of the on the left side The fact that the texturing takes place only to a limited extent or not at all. It As a result, instead of the crimp structure, smooth yarn is increasingly produced, or it less and less texturing takes place. On the right was one Increased texture but increased surfing noted. It's in between Working window A / E, which is delimited by the thick solid line 65. Within A favorable adjustment range can be determined in the work window A / E, this is delimited with dashed line 66 (double diagonal hatching). Depending on the yarn type the curves can very strongly e.g. in the range of 20 to 30 bar or above Shift 40 bar. The really amazing thing that is clear from the diagram The expression comes from the fact that the working window is "upside down". Completely Surprisingly, it has been shown that in the higher speed range (above) a wider window is available and good quality is easier to achieve. However, if the production speed increases further, it becomes apparent given a nozzle shape a quality limit, or the texturing intensity increases so much so that the quality is no longer enough.

FIG. 3b shows an example with a different yarn quality PES POY 167 f30 RP (Rhone Poulenc). FIG. 3b shows the qualitative course of the yarn treatment three different operating pressure settings. As a quality criterion vertical the variation of the thread tension F and horizontal the time. The delay was over at 1,766, the yarn speed at 600 m / min. The length of the heating section was 3 m and the temperature was 200 ° C. The same nozzle was used as for Fig. 2. 33 bar feed pressure was in the middle of the work window and gave a very good one Yarn quality or crimp structure and otherwise very stable values. At 25 bar a greater variation in the yarn tensile strength, with which the quality of the textured Yarn was significantly worse. At 40 bar an undulating swaying occurred Yarn tension, which is very typical for Surging. The corresponding one varies Intensity of texturing makes the yarn quality unusable. In the example 3b, the operating pressure was set at 33 bar.

FIG. 4 shows a combined application, the false twisting process and the air texturing process 36 is coupled. The FZ yarn structure is immediate after bottle twisting open. The filaments are not intertwined. This is a basic requirement that an FZ yarn can be air-textured. Both the effect thread (s) 34 (EFF) and the upright thread 35 can be used (STAND) FZ, or just one of the two strands. The product is a thread with an increased texture and a characteristic grip.

Figures 5 and 6 are examples of extremely powerful air treatment nozzles Magnification shown. The yarn channel 33 is typically used for fine yarns small dtex, a diameter D preferably less than 1 mm and the transverse channels d (40) for the supply air has a range of 0.1 to 0.3 mm. The length L of the nozzle was between about 1 to 1.5 cm. They are actually miniature nozzles. The Figures 5 to 6 are correspondingly strong enlargements. The geometrical position in With regard to the tangential insertion, all transverse channels 40 are preferred identical. This also applies to the following design. The tangential alignment is chosen so that the outermost line of the transverse channels (40) tangential to the The outer surface of the yarn channel ends. The dimension S is in relation to Thread channel diameter and cross hole diameter selected. Figures 5a and FIGS. 5 b show a nozzle insert 47, which consists of a nozzle block 48 in two parts and a counterpart 49. The transverse channels 40 are, as in FIG. 5a is shown attached in the nozzle block. At 42 is the collision area of the two nozzle blocks 48, 49.

Figures 6a to 6d show a particularly interesting nozzle structure. Instead of the classic holes in the nozzle body became a variable number thin disk 43 made, each with an incorporated transverse channel 40. There is an end piece 44 and a counterpart 45 on each side of the washer 43 appropriate. The desired number, e.g. 8 discs 43, one end piece 44 and a counterpart 45 are pushed into a fitting sleeve 46 and form together a nozzle 47. The effectiveness of this nozzle 47 was surprisingly good, each transverse bore 40 lies in a parallel transverse plane and in Circumferential direction can be offset. The solution according to FIG. 6 has the advantage that Any number of transverse channels can be attached by the choice of the number of discs can be. At least test trials have confirmed that with increasing Number of cross channels improves the effect. The cross channels proved in different cross planes as top form.

Figure 8 shows a very interesting application of the new invention for the Treatment of a group of threads. POY quality yarn is taken from bobbins 6 removed and after a supply plant 1 in a simulating stretch texturing the thread family with a heater 17, a cooler 18 and a nozzle distribution block 50 and subsequent delivery plant 2 out. Figure 8 indicates that it involves the treatment of a large number of threads running in parallel, which are wound up directly onto a warp beam 16 after the delivery unit 2. From the comparison of Figures 7 and 8 it follows that the new invention Stretch texturing and winding on a warp beam in a single step allowed, whereby it is known that 100 and more individual threads are processed in parallel. With this, the previous prejudice that air jets could do the same Stretch texturing is not possible, at least not economically possible, for the first time be overcome.

FIG. 9a schematically shows a nozzle block 50 with a pressure distribution pipe 51 on the individual threads to be processed according to the number according to the invention Air treatment nozzles are installed. Figure 9b is a section IX of Figure 9a and shows a miniature nozzle 30 attached to the pressure distribution body. FIG. 9c shows a view A of Figure 9b. Two miniature nozzles are shown with Threading slot 52 and thread guides 53. The length specification LF corresponds approximately to that entire machine width or the length of the warp beam 16.

FIG. 10a shows a section of a series of miniature nozzles 30 as Nozzle inserts, which are lined up with the smallest possible distance and can be mounted on a pressure distribution pipe 51. The division T can be in the Range of half a centimeter, so very close to the distance of the parallel threads in warp stretchers. A nozzle core 55 is shown again in FIG. 10b shown. There is an area 54 for the compressed air supply with transverse channels 40 recognizable. The nozzle core has an outer cylindrical shape labeled E, and a sealing ring 56 on both sides.

The new invention proposes filament yarns, especially partially drawn yarns, known as POY yarns, via an air treatment nozzle for drawing texturing subject. The air treatment nozzles are designed in a miniaturized form, have a continuous yarn channel in which a variety of Cross holes open for the supply of high pressure air in the range of more than 14 bar, preferably between 20 and 50 within certain working windows bar. With the new invention, it was possible for the first time with an air swirl device POY yarn to process over simultaneous stretch texturing. The invention allows both treat individual thread like a parallel thread sheet, and allowed for the first time the construction of a false twist stretch texturing warping system, with one simultaneous air treatment of 500 to 1000 and more threads.

The following table shows the results of parallel tests of mechanical swirl generators and air swirl generators according to the invention, which for the most part give values that are on par.

Claims (19)

1. Method for treating filament yarn (4) with air using yarn treatment nozzles (30) having a continuous miniaturised yarn duct (33) into which compressed air or more precisely gaseous fluid is introduced and a dominant twisting flow is produced in the yarn duct (33), characterised in that highly compressed air at over 14 bar is used and the filament yarn (4) is draw-textured.
2. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the filament yarn is simultaneously draw-textured.
3. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that compressed air over 16 bar, preferably in the range of 17 to 40 bar, is used and the filament yarn is false twist textured.
4. Method to according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that an operating window (A/E) in the range of 20 to 50 bar feed pressure is determined once or repeatedly and the optimum operating conditions are established within the window.
5. Method for the drawing and texturing of filament yarn with at least one heating zone (H) and one cooling zone (K) and a twist generator according to claim 1, characterised in that partially drawn yarn, preferably with a drawing ratio lower than 2 as starting material is simultaneously draw-textured, the twist being created on the yarn by an air treatment nozzle having a feed pressure within 14 to 80 bar.
6. Method according to claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the filament yarn (4) is false twist textured via a yarn treatment nozzle (30) and is then air jet textured and the yarn is supplied at 400 to 1000 m/min without overfeed.
7. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that an optimum operating window (A/E) is determined with a yarn tension cN/dtex of 0.3 to 0.6 and a feed pressure adapted to the yarn thickness, and the yarn speed, operating pressure and yarn tension are preferably selected as control variables.
8. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the filament yarn (4) is false draw-textured as an individual yarn or a yarn sheet via nozzles arranged in parallel.
9. Method according to claim 8, characterised in that the yarn is draw-textured as a yarn sheet "in line" in one stage before being wound on to a warp beam (16).
10. Nozzle for treating filament yarn (4) with air comprising a through yarn duct (33) having a tangential supply of compressed air into the yarn duct (33) for producing a dominant twisting flow in the yarn duct (33), the yarn duct being miniaturised in design, characterised in that the yarn treatment nozzle (30) is designed as a miniature nozzle for a high pressure range above 14 bar, in particular 20 to 50 bar.
11. Nozzle according to claim 10, characterised in that the nozzle comprises at least three transverse ducts (40) which are arranged either in a radial plane, in a plane parallel to the yarn duct axis or in a combination of the two, and all transverse ducts (40) open tangentially in the vicinity of the yarn duct wall in such a way that a maximum possible twisting flow is produced, the geometric position of all transverse ducts (40) preferably being arranged identically with respect to the tangential introduction.
12. Nozzle according to any of claims 10 to 12, characterised in that, for parallel air treatment of a yarn sheet, a plurality of nozzles are arranged close together, i.e. nozzle on nozzle, on a pressure distributor, two or more nozzles (30) preferably being combined in a nozzle block (48).
13. Nozzle according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterised in that the nozzle body is formed in one piece and with a cylindrical envelope, with ring seals arranged in the region of both ends of the envelope, the compressed air supply being arranged between the two ring seals.
14. Nozzle according to any one of claims 10 to 13, characterised in that the yarn duct (33) has a circular cylindrical configuration in the central portion, the orifices of the transverse ducts (40) being arranged in the central portion.
15. Nozzle according to any one of claims 10 to 14, characterised in that at least four, preferably four to eight tangential ducts are arranged in a common radial plane or a slightly conical form, or four or more, preferably 4 to 10 tangential ducts are arranged in mutually offset radial planes.
16. Nozzle according to any one of claims 10 to 15, characterised in that the nozzle body is formed in two parts and the tangential ducts are arranged in a radial separating plane between the two parts.
17. Nozzle according to any one of claims 10 to 16, characterised in that the yarn duct (33) preferably has an identically conically enlarged configuration in the region of the yarn inlet and yarn outlet.
18. System for the air treatment of filament yarns as individual yarns, characterised in that it comprises at least one or more yarn treatment nozzles according to claim 10 for one or more yarns, an air compression system and adjusting means for a selectable operating pressure.
19. System for the false twist texturing of a yarn sheet, in particular drawn-texturing warping machine, characterised in that it is formed as a warp drawing system for a plurality of partially drawn POY yarns processed in parallel or more precisely a corresponding yarn sheet, with at least one heater (9), one cooler (10) and one nozzle block (48) with a plurality of yarn treatment nozzles (30) according to claim 10, depending on the number of yarns, and a respective feed unit (LW1) upstream of the heater (9) and downstream of the nozzle block (48) for the false twist draw-texturing of a yarn sheet.

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