EP0952624A1 - Elektronische Mehrfachrichtstrahlantenne mit Abtastung - Google Patents

Elektronische Mehrfachrichtstrahlantenne mit Abtastung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0952624A1
EP0952624A1 EP99400963A EP99400963A EP0952624A1 EP 0952624 A1 EP0952624 A1 EP 0952624A1 EP 99400963 A EP99400963 A EP 99400963A EP 99400963 A EP99400963 A EP 99400963A EP 0952624 A1 EP0952624 A1 EP 0952624A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
phase
antenna according
modulation
antenna
beams
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP99400963A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Joel Herault
Michel Soiron
Gérard Garnier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales SA
Original Assignee
Thomson CSF SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thomson CSF SA filed Critical Thomson CSF SA
Publication of EP0952624A1 publication Critical patent/EP0952624A1/de
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/44—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the electric or magnetic characteristics of reflecting, refracting, or diffracting devices associated with the radiating element
    • H01Q3/46—Active lenses or reflecting arrays

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a multibeam electronic scanning antenna. It is particularly applicable for antennas with phase control only in the context for example of communications by satellite or terrestrial requiring simultaneous communication with several variable sites.
  • Telecommunication demands are constantly increasing.
  • users, soldiers, professional civilians or individuals are demanding increasingly lower costs.
  • telecommunications equipment must be very profitable.
  • the main advantages of the invention are that it adapts to antennas already made, that it applies to all types of electronically scanned antennas, that it allows a large number of beams to be created simultaneously for the same antenna and that it is simple to implement.
  • f ij (x, y) e j ( ⁇ xi + ⁇ yj - ⁇ sp ij + ⁇ 0 )
  • ⁇ t ij the total phase equal to ⁇ xi + ⁇ yj - ⁇ sp ij + ⁇ 0 .
  • ⁇ tq ij E ( ⁇ t ij / q) ⁇ q
  • E ( ⁇ t ij / q) is the integer part of ⁇ t ij / q, q being equal to 2 ⁇ / 2 N.
  • ⁇ b1 2 ⁇ (i dx ⁇ sin ⁇ b1 cos ⁇ b1 + j dy ⁇ sin ⁇ b1 sin ⁇ b1 )
  • ⁇ b2 2 ⁇ (i dx ⁇ sin ⁇ b2 cos ⁇ b2 + j dy ⁇ sin ⁇ b2 sin ⁇ b2 )
  • a phase shift antenna only can therefore be used.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates such an approximation in the case of the formation of two beams in directions ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 taken in the Oxz plane defined above.
  • the ordinate axis represents values A (x) homogeneous to an amplitude modulation as a function of the coordinates taken on the x axis.
  • a first sinusoidal curve 21 represents the amplitude modulation A (x) to be applied according to the relation (12).
  • the amplitude modulation as represented by curve 21 is according to the invention approached by an amplitude modulation with two states, 1 and -1, represented by a curve 22.
  • This modulation with two states has the same period of variation Tx than the previous sinusoidal modulation. It is also of the same sign. In other words, when the function A (x) is positive, the approximation function is equal to 1, and when the function A (x) is negative, the approximation function is equal to - 1. It is it should be noted that the approximation function of the sinusoidal phase modulation A (x) has the same period Tx as the latter, which in particular makes it possible to preserve the information relating to the targeted directions contained in the period Tx, and allows n '' result in no loss of earnings.
  • the excitation law f ij applied to each phase shifter D ij is calculated by summing the phase laws ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 , ... ⁇ k , ... ⁇ N associated respectively with each direction of order 1, 2, ... k, ... N, according to the preceding relation (14) and by applying the resulting phase shift ⁇ t ij on the phase shifter, without applying the amplitude modulation resulting ⁇ ij .
  • -2 ⁇ r ij ⁇ k + ⁇ 0k is a corrective term which only applies in the case of a reflector antenna according to FIG. 1 for example, ⁇ 0k which can be applied to any antenna. Since the reflector 1 is planar and the radiation emitted by the source is spherical, it must be taken into account that not all phase shifters receive this radiation at the same time. This is the term -2 ⁇ r ij ⁇ k which represents the delay linked to the phase shifter D ij and in fact corresponds to the phase shift ⁇ sp ij from the previous relation (4), where r ij is the distance from the source 3 to the phase shifter D ij from the reflective plane. ⁇ 0k represents the phase of the radiation emitted, at the origin O of the reflective plane, and corresponds to the phase shift ⁇ 0 of the relation (5).
  • r k a weighting coefficient r k .
  • this coefficient is used for determining the phase law applied to a phase shifter D ij , but, as before, the resulting modulation is not actually applied since there is no modulation d amplitude at phase shifters.
  • the experiments carried out by the Applicant have indeed shown that several beams could be obtained from the phase law calculated in this way for each phase shifter, without applying amplitude modulation.
  • a possible application is for example the formation of a difference channel in one direction and of a sum channel in another direction in order to carry out in particular a removal of angular ambiguity.
  • the scanning could be carried out in the plane Ox, Oz as defined previously in a direction ⁇ 1 for the difference channel and in a direction ⁇ 2 for the sum channel.
  • r2 being a normalization coefficient which makes it possible to emit the same power in both directions and r 1 is a coefficient which makes it possible to obtain a difference channel in the first direction, r 1 being in fact equal to ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2 .
  • FIG. 1 presents an application with a reflector antenna, but it is of course possible to apply the invention to all types of antenna with electronic scanning with phase control only, with active modules or not. Moreover, the invention can a fortiori apply to antennas which are additionally controllable in amplitude. Nor does the network of phase shifters have to be planar.
  • phase shifters By way of example, reference has been made to discrete phase shifters, with N bits, but the invention also applies to phase shifters controlled continuously.
  • the invention makes it possible to adapt to antennas already produced since it only plays on the phase laws applied to the phase shifters of the antennas. It is also not necessary to make hardware adaptations, the invention is in particular thereby simple to implement. It suffices simply to integrate the laws calculated according to the invention into the control means of the phase shifters. It is also possible to create a large number of beams simultaneously, for example up to several tens, in particular if the number of phase shifters is large, with or without different frequencies.
  • An exemplary embodiment of the invention has been presented for a single source reflector antenna, in particular consisting of a horn.
  • the invention can however be applied for a reflector antenna with several sources, by associating for example one or two directions per primary source.

Landscapes

  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
EP99400963A 1998-04-24 1999-04-20 Elektronische Mehrfachrichtstrahlantenne mit Abtastung Withdrawn EP0952624A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9805182 1998-04-24
FR9805182A FR2778026B1 (fr) 1998-04-24 1998-04-24 Antenne a balayage electronique a multifaisceaux

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0952624A1 true EP0952624A1 (de) 1999-10-27

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99400963A Withdrawn EP0952624A1 (de) 1998-04-24 1999-04-20 Elektronische Mehrfachrichtstrahlantenne mit Abtastung

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US6198433B1 (de)
EP (1) EP0952624A1 (de)
JP (1) JP2000031737A (de)
FR (1) FR2778026B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2807213B1 (fr) 2000-03-31 2003-07-25 Thomson Csf Dephaseur hyperfrequence, et antenne a balayage electronique comportant de tels dephaseurs
US7714773B2 (en) * 2006-03-28 2010-05-11 Omron Corporation RFID tag distance measuring system and reader
US20160164174A1 (en) * 2014-12-05 2016-06-09 Raytheon Company Phased array steering

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5706012A (en) * 1995-12-13 1998-01-06 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Radar system method using virtual interferometry

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4314250A (en) * 1979-08-03 1982-02-02 Communications Satellite Corporation Intermodulation product suppression by antenna processing
US4612547A (en) * 1982-09-07 1986-09-16 Nec Corporation Electronically scanned antenna
US4980691A (en) * 1989-05-18 1990-12-25 Electromagnetic Sciences, Inc. Distributed planar array beam steering control with aircraft roll compensation

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5706012A (en) * 1995-12-13 1998-01-06 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Radar system method using virtual interferometry

Non-Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
BERNARD GROB: "grob basic electronics", 1992, MC GRAW HILL, USA, XP002090009 *
E. HECHT: "Optics", 1987, ADDISON-WESLEY, USA, XP002090007 *
GUO Y J ET AL: "PHASE EFFICIENCY OF THE REFLECTIVE ARRAY ANTENNA", IEE PROCEEDINGS: MICROWAVES, ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION, vol. 142, no. 2, 1 April 1995 (1995-04-01), pages 115 - 120, XP000523503 *
JAVOR R D ET AL: "BEAM STEERING OF A MICROSTRIP FLAT REFLECTARRAY ANTENNA", DIGEST OF THE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM, SEATTLE, WA., JUNE 19 - 24, 1994, vol. 2, 19 June 1994 (1994-06-19), INSTITUTE OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS, pages 956 - 959, XP000545575 *
SHIBAN K. KOUL: "Microwave and millimeter wave phase shifters volume 1", 1991, ARTECH HOUSE, USA, XP002090015 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2778026B1 (fr) 2007-01-26
FR2778026A1 (fr) 1999-10-29
JP2000031737A (ja) 2000-01-28
US6198433B1 (en) 2001-03-06

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