EP0952307A1 - Verfahren zur Errichtung einer Struktur unterhalb einer Trägböschung eines Gleises bzw. einer Fahrbahn - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Errichtung einer Struktur unterhalb einer Trägböschung eines Gleises bzw. einer Fahrbahn Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0952307A1
EP0952307A1 EP99400990A EP99400990A EP0952307A1 EP 0952307 A1 EP0952307 A1 EP 0952307A1 EP 99400990 A EP99400990 A EP 99400990A EP 99400990 A EP99400990 A EP 99400990A EP 0952307 A1 EP0952307 A1 EP 0952307A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
raft
frame
guide
angle
ground
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
EP99400990A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0952307B1 (de
Inventor
Jean Marie Beauthier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
freyssinet1 Bis Rue Du Petit Clamart F-78140 Vel
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Individual
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/005—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries by forcing prefabricated elements through the ground, e.g. by pushing lining from an access pit

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for making a passage or tunnel reserved for the movement of pedestrians or vehicles under a railroad or a working road or motorway roadway, which requires only a time-limited interruption of traffic on this track, the structure defining the passage to be constructed is prefabricated, if necessary carried out next to the track before it is temporarily cut to allow the excavation of the land forming the embankment of this track , said structure then being placed in the excavation thus created before the track or the roadway is reconstructed on top of this structure.
  • the invention relates more particularly to a process which allows, once the excavation cleared after sectioning the track, to bring the structure under the location of the latter in extremely short time, while allowing remarkable precision of its positioning , the sub-layers or the ballast then being reconstituted on the structure before the track is reformed, allowing immediate resumption of traffic.
  • the invention relates to a construction method in which the structure to be placed place under the track consists of one, or even two, hollow and concrete frames, developed in situ, the frame being arranged in the first case on one side of the embankment carrying the track and in the case of two frames homologous symmetrically to each other on each side of the median plane of this slope, parallel to the track, the single frame being placed transversely in the excavation or else the two frames joining in the median plane so as to ensure the continuity of the passage under the track from one frame to another.
  • This method uses, to move bridges or structures developed in situ in reinforced concrete, at least one flat support and guide raft for a concrete frame.
  • the frame is carried by the raft and is provided laterally with anchoring points for traction cables.
  • the traction cables are secured at the front of the guide raft to at least one fixed anchoring point, while the other end is engaged with jacks carried by the frame, so that the traction force exerted on the cables by the jacks results, as a result of a reaction, of a sliding of the frame on the raft, then on the ground.
  • the main drawback of this process lies particularly in the fact that it is insufficient for the movement of works of large mass. Indeed, the anchor points which are located laterally and at the front of the guide raft in a spade, tend to bend and tear from the ground under the effect of the traction of the jacks and due to friction important prevailing between the faces in contact respectively of the frame, the raft, then the ground.
  • British Patent GB 1,491,100 is a method of elevating a structure employing a system similar to an air cushion. It is in fact a bladder which is filled with a fluid which, under the effect of the pressure, causes the swelling of this bladder and the elevation of the structure. In this process, there is no injection of fluidifying agent under the solid mass of the frame to be transported, in order to facilitate its sliding.
  • the present invention therefore aims to overcome this drawback, by proposing a method which allows on the one hand, to distribute the tensile force over multiple anchor points judiciously distributed at the end of the front of the raft of guidance in at least one spade buried in the ground perpendicular to the axis of traction, and on the other hand to distribute using a mattress of fluid, contained between the slab of the structure and the sole of the raft or the ground, the pressure of this structure on the support.
  • the process considered consisting of temporarily cutting the track to the right of the location provided in the embankment supporting this track for the passage to be carried out, and carrying out an excavation by excavating the ground in this location, is characterized in that it consists of previously manufacturing or having, on at least one side of the excavation, at least one flat guide raft supporting at least one raft of the frame of the concrete structure, to be placed under the hollow frame inside reservation grooves made in the guide slab or in the frame slab, at least one traction cable, this cable being secured to one end of a fixed anchor point linked to the guide slab, while than the other end is engaged with at least one jack carried by the raft of the frame, so that the tensile force exerted on the cable by the jack is reflected, as a result of the reaction on the anchor point, by a pushing effect on the apron of the frame which slides progressively on the guide apron, then on the ground of the excavation, to ensure its direct penetration into it, in front of said guide apron.
  • the flat guide base is arranged so as to make it comprise at least one boss or solid mass constituting the passive anchoring point of the traction cables, this boss being arranged in the vicinity of the end of the guide raft directed towards the inside of the excavation, at the level of at least one transverse spade.
  • At the rear of the frame raft at least one boss or bulkhead is arranged, constituting the active anchoring point of the jacks which cooperate with the traction cables.
  • the method consists in associating, via passive and active anchoring points, each structure supported by the raft of the frame with at least one or more parallel cables, extending below the latter at the level of longitudinal passages made within the guiding apron.
  • the cable anchoring bosses are formed in the front part of the guide slab, as close as possible to the sides of the excavation in the embankment, the traction jacks being mounted on the slab of the frame.
  • the active anchoring bosses comprise, at the level of the areas of attachment of cylinders, orifices whose penetration axis is inclined relative to the horizontal by an angle a, by means of deflectors, so as to deflect the traction cables towards the bottom of the raft of the frame, in the grooves to reserve the guide raft.
  • the passive anchoring bosses situated in the zone forming the "spade" of the guide raft, at the zones of attachment of the end of the cables comprise orifices whose penetration axis is inclined relative to horizontally by an angle ⁇ , so as to deflect the traction cables running in the guide raft towards the "spade" zone.
  • the cables used are multi-wire cables, the strands of which are integral at one of their ends with a bearing plate in abutment on the opposite face of the anchoring boss.
  • the realization of such a passage is carried out in the following manner, the example given below relating to the implementation of a passage consisting of two precast concrete frames, homologous and arranged symmetrically on either side of the slope, these frames substantially joining in the median longitudinal plane of this slope extending parallel to the track.
  • the method applies equally well when the passage to be made is constituted by means of a single frame which extends entirely across the slope to form the passage in question on its own.
  • two support and guide rafts 1 are constructed on either side of the slope, these rafts being arranged opposite one another with respect to the median plane of the track .
  • Each guide raft 1 consists of a flat concrete base 2, preferably cast in situ and comprising projecting parts such as extending under this sole 2 to form spades 3 for immobilizing the base 1 in the ground . If necessary, the raft is associated with anchor rods, one end of which is secured to the edge of the raft and the other of which, which is buried in the ground, is blocked with respect to the latter by being embedded in a solid mass of concrete.
  • the sole 2 On its lateral sides, the sole 2 includes flanges 4 whose role will be explained later.
  • the sole 2 is provided with a plurality of reservation grooves 5 which are capable of allowing the passage of traction cables 6.
  • These reservation grooves 5 are arranged along the longitudinal axis of the guide raft 1, they allow horizontal routing traction cables 6 between the two ends 7, 8 opposite deflectors 9, 10 coming respectively from active 11 and passive 12 anchor points.
  • a hollow frame 13 forming the framework of the concrete structure, generally of rectangular cross section and comprising a lower slab 14, on the sides side 15 and an upper slab 16, parallel to the lower slab 14, the width of the frame 13 being substantially equal to that which separates, on the guide base 1, the flanges 4 thereof, so that, once the frame cast on the guide raft 1, this frame 13 can slide on the latter 1, this sliding being able to be notably facilitated by an injection between the sole 2 and the slab 14, between their opposite faces, of a lubricating agent , in particular a bentonite or other similar product grout, providing lubrication which may be useful during the relative movement of the frame 13 on the guide base 1, then on the ground, in front of the base as and as the frame 13 moves by moving away from it, as explained below.
  • a lubricating agent in particular a bentonite or other similar product grout
  • the lubrication agent injection wells open into a plurality of ⁇ sections placed in a direction substantially transverse to the direction of movement of the structure.
  • annular belt 17 is produced on the slab 14 of the raft of the frame 13, at the level of the opposite face of the guide raft 1.
  • This is intended to receive a bladder 18 or chamber preferably made of a deformable material, in particular of the plastic material type, under the action of a pressurized fluid.
  • the reserve of material forming the annular belt 17 is filled by a chamber 18 which is filled with a fluid under pressure incompressible of the water type, so as to expand the latter in the volume of the annular belt 17 and to conform a mattress which will be able to withstand the compressive forces during the pouring of concrete from the structure onto the raft of the frame 13.
  • the fluid contained in the bladder 18 is expelled and is replaced by a gaseous fluid under pressure (compressed air).
  • the face of the bladder 18 facing the face of the guide raft 1 has a plurality of raised zones 19, so as to conform a lip which retains the fluid which is injected between the sole 2 and the slab lower 14.
  • this bladder 18 filling the annular belt 17, to contain between the sole 2 and the lower slab 14, a substantially constant thickness of a fluid mattress of a lubricating agent, intended to support the work on the guide slab 1, then on the ground, during the sliding of the structure, and this without risk of lateral leaks of lubricating agent taking into account the presence of the lips.
  • the pressure of the structure on the guide slab 1, then on the ground, taking into account the order of magnitude of the facing surfaces, is maintained, by virtue of this device, within a very reasonable range, of the order of 0.3 to 1.5 bars, which allows the lifting of the structure for a fluid injection pressure, on the one hand inside the chamber 18 (of the order of 1.5 to 2 bars), and on the other hand between the lower slab 14 and the sole 2, the intensity of the injection pressure of the lubricating agent being of the order of 0.3 to 1.5 bars.
  • each frame 13 may optionally also include external bosses 11, disposed above the edges of the guide base 1 when the frame 13 rests thereon, being in these conditions substantially vis-à-vis screw and in the extension of the passive anchoring bosses 12 of this guide raft 1, provided at the end of the flanges at the end of the raft facing the slope.
  • the active bosses 11 of the frame 13 are arranged so as to allow the mounting and the support of hydraulic jacks 21, intended to cooperate with traction cables 6 such that, each of the cables possibly lateral and cables situated between the raft of the frame 13 and the guide raft 1, respectively along the lateral sides and the front edge of the frame, having one end fixed on the one hand on the corresponding passive anchor 12 buried in the ground at the spade 3 and being engaged on the other hand with the jack 21 so that the tensile force on the cable 6 exerted by this jack 21 causes, by reaction on the frame 13, a corresponding displacement of the latter with respect to the guide base 1 in slope direction.
  • the cables 6 are multi-wire cables, formed from a plurality of strands arranged in such a way that, at the end of the cable in the passive anchor 12, they open out in a recess of the latter in order to be fixed to the by means of locking keys on a support plate 22, ensuring an adequate distribution of the forces created by the corresponding traction cylinder 21.
  • the blooming zone of the cable 6 inside an orifice 23 formed in the passive anchoring 12 takes place within a trumpet 24.
  • the main axis of this orifice 23 is inclined by an angle ⁇ relative to the horizontal axis, this angle being between 5 and 15 ° and preferably close to 10 °.
  • each orifice 24 through which each traction cable 6 opens is inclined at an angle a with respect to the horizontal axis, this angle being between 5 and 15 ° and preferably close to 10 °.
  • each of the orifices 23, 24 produced within the active 11 and passive 12 anchor points is provided with a diverter 23 '.
  • This deflector 23 ′ is produced from a tube, in particular a metal tube, which is moreover bent.
  • the frame 13 cast on its guide raft 1, with a similar arrangement on each side of the slope in the example more especially considered, being again reminded that the same process can be carried out with a single frame and a single raft fitted out with '' on one side of the embankment, we then proceed to the momentary sectioning of the track and to carry out through the embankment a excavation whose transversely dimensions are substantially those of the frames which, once placed in this excavation, will delimit the passage realized under the track.
  • Each of these frames 13 is gradually and mutually ripped towards each other on the guide rafts 1 which support them, until these cables, which run horizontally within the reservation grooves 5, meet in the median plane of the slope, ensuring the continuity of the passage; the sub-layers or the ballast on the top of the upper slab 16 of each frame 13 can be quickly replaced, before the track is reconstituted so as to allow the resumption of the traffic which was only interrupted during the operations of shifting of the frames 13, as indicated above.
  • this guide groove in the raft of the frame 13 is formed by the '' assembly of angles previously secured to the guide slab 1, using plastic screws which will be sectioned during the movement of the structure, these angles being coated with a metal profile which is welded thereto after having made the path in the housing delimited by the two lateral angles, the strands of the cables 6.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Railway Tracks (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
  • Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
  • Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
EP99400990A 1998-04-23 1999-04-22 Verfahren zur Errichtung einer Struktur unterhalb einer Trägböschung eines Gleises bzw. einer Fahrbahn Expired - Lifetime EP0952307B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9805104 1998-04-23
FR9805104A FR2777924B1 (fr) 1998-04-23 1998-04-23 Procede pour la construction d'un ouvrage sous un talus de support d'une voie ferree ou d'une chaussee

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0952307A1 true EP0952307A1 (de) 1999-10-27
EP0952307B1 EP0952307B1 (de) 2004-03-31

Family

ID=9525596

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99400990A Expired - Lifetime EP0952307B1 (de) 1998-04-23 1999-04-22 Verfahren zur Errichtung einer Struktur unterhalb einer Trägböschung eines Gleises bzw. einer Fahrbahn

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0952307B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE263307T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69915920T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2216458T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2777924B1 (de)
PT (1) PT952307E (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL1014052C2 (nl) * 2000-01-11 2001-07-12 Aannemingsbedrijf Dubbink Vrie Werkwijze voor het bouwen van een tunnel.
EP1820934A1 (de) * 2006-02-17 2007-08-22 Aix Research Limited Methode und System zur Erstellung eines Tunnels unter einer Bahn
CN116791665A (zh) * 2023-07-05 2023-09-22 北京市水利规划设计研究院 Tbm工法山岭隧道综合管廊的永临结合结构
WO2025223129A1 (zh) * 2024-04-26 2025-10-30 中铁十四局集团有限公司 一种装配式u型槽结构、路基及施工方法

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1491100A (en) * 1975-12-19 1977-11-09 Mackley Ace Ltd Methods of manufacturing and transporting structures of concrete
FR2591276A2 (fr) * 1986-05-09 1987-06-12 Beauthier Jean Marie Procede pour la construction d'ouvrages sous des voies ferrees en exploitation et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede
EP0611848A1 (de) * 1993-02-19 1994-08-24 Jean Marie Beauthier Verfahren zur Konstruktion von Bauwerken unter der Böschung einer Eisenbahnstrecke oder dergleichen

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1491100A (en) * 1975-12-19 1977-11-09 Mackley Ace Ltd Methods of manufacturing and transporting structures of concrete
FR2591276A2 (fr) * 1986-05-09 1987-06-12 Beauthier Jean Marie Procede pour la construction d'ouvrages sous des voies ferrees en exploitation et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede
EP0611848A1 (de) * 1993-02-19 1994-08-24 Jean Marie Beauthier Verfahren zur Konstruktion von Bauwerken unter der Böschung einer Eisenbahnstrecke oder dergleichen

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL1014052C2 (nl) * 2000-01-11 2001-07-12 Aannemingsbedrijf Dubbink Vrie Werkwijze voor het bouwen van een tunnel.
EP1820934A1 (de) * 2006-02-17 2007-08-22 Aix Research Limited Methode und System zur Erstellung eines Tunnels unter einer Bahn
CN116791665A (zh) * 2023-07-05 2023-09-22 北京市水利规划设计研究院 Tbm工法山岭隧道综合管廊的永临结合结构
WO2025223129A1 (zh) * 2024-04-26 2025-10-30 中铁十四局集团有限公司 一种装配式u型槽结构、路基及施工方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2777924B1 (fr) 2000-06-23
DE69915920T2 (de) 2005-03-10
DE69915920D1 (de) 2004-05-06
ATE263307T1 (de) 2004-04-15
PT952307E (pt) 2004-08-31
FR2777924A1 (fr) 1999-10-29
EP0952307B1 (de) 2004-03-31
ES2216458T3 (es) 2004-10-16

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