Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
  • C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
  • C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
  • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
  • B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
  • B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
  • B28B13/0215—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo
  • B28B13/022—Feeding several successive layers, optionally of different materials
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
  • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
  • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
  • B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
  • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
  • B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
  • B44C1/16—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects for applying transfer pictures or the like
  • B44C1/165—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects for applying transfer pictures or the like for decalcomanias; sheet material therefor
  • B44C1/17—Dry transfer
  • B44C1/1712—Decalcomanias applied under heat and pressure, e.g. provided with a heat activable adhesive
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
  • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
  • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
  • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
  • C04B41/4505—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements characterised by the method of application
  • C04B41/4511—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements characterised by the method of application using temporarily supports, e.g. decalcomania transfers or mould surfaces
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
  • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
  • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
  • B28B11/001—Applying decorations on shaped articles, e.g. by painting

Definitions

• the invention relates to a process for realising decorated ceramic decorations. Specifically but not exclusively the invention is useful for realising tiles in vitrified stoneware and the like.
• Another technique for decorating vitrified stoneware tiles obtains the decoration by filling cavities made on the surface of the tiles with glaze.
• the cavities are made by mechanically removing a layer of material by sandblasting. This is not an easy process to carry out, and is somewhat expensi ve .
• a plurality of pockets are created, which are then filled with glaze.
• This technique is limited in that the obtainable mosaic-type decorations are strictly related to and conditioned by the dimensions and shapes of the pockets .
• Other techniques still use special soluble salts, which, when ceramic pigments are added thereto, are deposited on the dried and unfired tile.
• the application is made by means of silk-screening or airbrush machines. These products are able to penetrate to various depths from a few tenths up to a few millimetres into the body of the tile, so that resulting decorations are completely contained within the breadth of the tile itself.
• a first embodiment of the process of the invention comprises the following phases in order: loading the die with ceramic agglomerate or powder, destined to form the tile; transferring a decal on to said ceramic material] said decal comprising an image which at first is supported on a support; pressing the above elements to form an unfired tile which on one face thereof contains said image; extracting the tile from the die; fi ri ng the tile.
• a layer of vitreous material is deposited above the image of the decal and located on the ceramic material in the die. This layer of vitreous material will after firing be transparent .
• a further embodiment of the process of the invention is carried out in the following phases: depositing at least one decal, constituted by a support bearing a transferable image, in a ceramic tile-forming die; loading the die housing the decal with agglomerate or powdery ceramic material, which wi l form the tile; pressing the above elements to obtain an unfired tile which on one face thereof contains said image of said decal ; extracting the formed tile from the die; removal of the decal support from the tile; fi ri ng the tile.
• the transferable image predisposed on the support is formed by ceramic glazes of various colours, or by coloured clays which during the pressing phase are inserted up to their full thickness into the ceramic material of the tile.
• the decal support bearing the image to be transferred can be made of paper or of a suitable plastic material. In the first illustrated embodiments said support is removed at the moment of deposit of the decal, and in any case before tile-forming.
• the material used for the realisation of the tile is, preferably, constituted by a granular or powdery mixture which after firing provides a product exhibiting the characteristics of what is known as vitrified stoneware. After firing, a sanding or polishing operation can be made on the face containing the transferable image of the decal .
• the invention enables an "inlaid” decoration to be obtained, so that the image or decoration is comprised unprojecti ngl y within the breadth of the tile.
• the image of the decal can be obtained using glazes or ceramic clay-based products.
• An advantage of the invention consists in the fact of obtaining on products such as vitrified stoneware very detailed decorations with regard both to design and colour, without especially complicating the production cycle, and moreover incurring only very limited costs.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Finishing Walls (AREA)
• Glass Compositions (AREA)
• Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
• Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=11386166

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Families Citing this family (3)

Family Cites Families (3)

• 1996
  • 1996-10-24 IT IT96MO000137A patent/IT1288465B1/it active IP Right Grant
• 1997
  • 1997-10-14 BR BR9712571-7A patent/BR9712571A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1997-10-14 EP EP97945093A patent/EP0950038A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1997-10-14 WO PCT/IT1997/000247 patent/WO1998017601A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1997-10-14 TR TR1999/00896T patent/TR199900896T2/xx unknown

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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