EP0937944A2 - Procédé et dispositif de combustion de combustibles contenant du vanadium - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de combustion de combustibles contenant du vanadium Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0937944A2
EP0937944A2 EP99103123A EP99103123A EP0937944A2 EP 0937944 A2 EP0937944 A2 EP 0937944A2 EP 99103123 A EP99103123 A EP 99103123A EP 99103123 A EP99103123 A EP 99103123A EP 0937944 A2 EP0937944 A2 EP 0937944A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
combustion
burner
air
fuel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP99103123A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0937944A3 (fr
EP0937944B1 (fr
Inventor
Holger Dr.-Ing. Wulfert
Andre Michael Dipl.-Ing. Bätz
Klaus Prof.Dr.-Ing. Görner
Friedrich Schmaus
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Texaco Development Corp
Original Assignee
Walter Brinkmann GmbH
Loesche GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Walter Brinkmann GmbH, Loesche GmbH filed Critical Walter Brinkmann GmbH
Publication of EP0937944A2 publication Critical patent/EP0937944A2/fr
Publication of EP0937944A3 publication Critical patent/EP0937944A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0937944B1 publication Critical patent/EP0937944B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C5/00—Disposition of burners with respect to the combustion chamber or to one another; Mounting of burners in combustion apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C3/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber
    • F23C3/006—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber the chamber being arranged for cyclonic combustion
    • F23C3/008—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber the chamber being arranged for cyclonic combustion for pulverulent fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/02—Disposition of air supply not passing through burner
    • F23C7/06—Disposition of air supply not passing through burner for heating the incoming air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
    • F23C9/08—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber for reducing temperature in combustion chamber, e.g. for protecting walls of combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F23M5/08—Cooling thereof; Tube walls

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for combustion Vanadium-containing fuels according to the preamble of the claim 1 and a process for the combustion of vanadium-containing Fuels according to the preamble of claim 18.
  • Vanadium-containing fuels fall as residues in the Petroleum processing. These residues are usually burned in spiral current or rotary furnaces, whereby Vanadium and compounds thereof as well as other recyclable Components of the residues accumulate as slag and ashes, which are advantageously further processed can. At the same time, the one released during combustion Heat can be recovered.
  • the spontaneous slag caking has a particularly disadvantageous effect in the area of the feed nozzles of the fuel-air mixture and the air nozzles for the combustion air.
  • the slag after just a short period of operation Nozzles and lead to a restriction and malfunction of the Furnace operation.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a device and a method for the combustion of vanadium-containing fuels, in particular from petroleum processing, which enable largely trouble-free and particularly efficient recovery of vanadium and hot gas generation without slagging of the feed nozzles.
  • the object is achieved by a device a combustion chamber, a start burner and feeders for one Fuel-air mixture and combustion air as well as with one Flue gas outlet and slag removal solved, at which a Head burner arranged above the combustion chamber and as Ceiling burner is formed in a ceiling.
  • a Head burner arranged above the combustion chamber and as Ceiling burner is formed in a ceiling.
  • the ceiling of the head burner are at least the start burner and the Feeding the fuel-air mixture with at least one Dust nozzle arranged.
  • the object is achieved in that the Vanadium-containing residues from petroleum processing or other fuels containing vanadium in a head burner are supplied, which in a ceiling of a combustion chamber is arranged.
  • the fuel-air mixture on a secant to the cross-sectional area of the combustion chamber and at an angle between 35 ° and 65 ° to the longitudinal axis of the combustion chamber or in an alternative Execution coaxial to one in the ceiling of the combustion chamber arranged start burner fed to the combustion chamber and with short burnout times and an adjustable ignition front burned.
  • the method and the device according to the invention are based on the surprisingly high reactivity of those containing vanadium Residues and on an extremely fast ignition and short burnout times of vanadium-containing fuel dust.
  • vanadium becomes vanadium pentoxide which has a melting point of 672 ° C.
  • the combustion chamber prevents clogging Nozzles with slag. It is advantageous that the dust exit speed to change the ignition front of the dust can be changed at a predeterminable distance from the nozzle can.
  • the speeds are expediently the supplied fuel dust between 10 and 45 m / sec, preferably 20 m / sec.
  • A can be used to supply secondary air to the combustion chamber staged air supply over several, preferably over two Air jets can be provided. Specially shaped flaps in the air nozzles allow the exit speed to be changed the combustion air at different Mass flows. In this way, the ash / slag ratio can be varied. The exit speed also has an effect the combustion air on the burnout off, so that the exit velocity of the combustion air burnout can also be controlled.
  • a head burner arranged in a ceiling or a lid of a combustion chamber, which as in the first device and process variant formed in a bricked combustion chamber is.
  • the head burner is thus fireproof in a blanket lined combustion chamber and can also be used as a Ceiling or lintel burners are called.
  • the refractory lining is preferred cylindrical combustion chamber as an ignition aid and a Double jacket for preheating combustion air can.
  • the combustion is done within a relatively small Combustion chamber volume largely completed.
  • a waste heat boiler, which of the fireproof lined combustion chamber is connected downstream, can have a smaller volume, as if no bricked combustion chamber was used.
  • the head burner is a start burner has, which is preferably operated with gas or oil and as a dust nozzle an annular gap for the vanadium-containing Air-fuel mixture concentric around the start burner is arranged.
  • Burning with a head torch in a fireproof lined combustion chamber is at temperatures in the range from 1100 ° C to 1650 ° C, preferably at 1200 ° C carried out. It was found that the vanadium-containing Residues at a safe distance from the head torch ignite and, favored by the fireproof walls the bricked-up combustion chamber, a volume of the highest combustion intensity is formed. This can almost complete and rapid combustion of the fuel is achieved be what is technically advantageous on the post-reaction volume of a first train of a downstream one Waste heat boiler affects.
  • the waste heat boiler especially the first train to provide a slag discharge so that the fire slag droplets deposited on the solid walls of the combustion chamber, which fall into the waste heat boiler can be.
  • a combustion chamber arranged with an upstream head burner in a waste heat boiler.
  • the head torch is in the ceiling of the first train of the waste heat boiler.
  • An ignition aid is needed this device and process variant not for To be available. It is therefore procedurally provided the head burner to achieve higher combustion temperatures to drive with less excess air.
  • the centrally located start burner with less Load to be used as a support burner is from Advantage, the centrally located start burner with less Load to be used as a support burner.
  • this device variant Due to the high combustion temperatures, this device variant also liquid slag.
  • the droplets of slag are finely distributed in the flue gas and cool in the entrained flow through a radiant heat exchange with the boundary walls of the waste heat boiler.
  • the Furnace containing vanadium is thus almost completely considered dust-like slag discharged.
  • Recirculated flue gas is expediently supplied via nozzles in the boiler ceiling and concentric to the ceiling or lintel burner injected vertically. Droplets of slag on the walls of the waste heat boiler are recirculated through the injected Flue gas rejected and caking on the walls of the waste heat boiler prevented.
  • the flue gas and the contained therein Slag components cooled to below 500 ° C to a Corrosion, especially due to vanadium oxides, especially of vanadium pentoxide.
  • a combustion chamber used at least in the particularly wear-intensive Areas as coolable walls or wall sections has a so-called "cooling field".
  • the cooling field can thanks to water-bearing pipes in a fire-resistant casing the combustion chamber are formed. For example, donated ones Pipe coils laid horizontally and with one refractory vibration mass are cast.
  • the intense cooling on the water side cools down the combustion chamber side Surface to a temperature below the solidification temperature of the slag flowing down and for the formation of a corrosion-protective slag tank.
  • the distance of the ignition front from the supply of the fuel-air mixture regulated by a coating of the dust jet can be used as the covering Nitrogen.
  • An inert gas for example, can be used as the covering Nitrogen.
  • the proximity of the dust nozzle can be prevented and by admixing the combustion or Secondary air can be regulated.
  • a first variant of the device for the combustion of vanadium 1 shows a combustion chamber 4 with a frustoconical lid or a ceiling 14, a starting burner 3, a dust lance 5, which is arranged in an inclined ceiling wall 15. At the bottom There is a flue gas outlet 13 in the area.
  • the Combustion chamber 4 has a refractory lining 22 and one Double jacket 23 in which combustion air is preheated becomes.
  • the bricked double jacket serves as Ignition aid.
  • FIG. 1 and Fig. 2 illustrate that the dust lance 5th by their arrangement an injection of vanadium-containing Fuel-air mixture on a secant 33 enables which is at an angle of about 50 ° to a longitudinal axis 24 is formed.
  • the formed in a combustion chamber 9 of the combustion chamber 4 Slags and flue gases are discharged through the flue gas outlet 13 fed to a downstream waste heat boiler 6 (see Fig. 5).
  • 3 and 4 show a second variant of a device with fireproof lined combustion chamber 4 with a combustion chamber 9 and a blanket 14 with a head torch 2 as Dust burner.
  • the combustion chamber 4 is in the region of its outlet opening 19 for slag droplets and flue gas on a lid or a ceiling 16 of a waste heat boiler 6 is arranged.
  • the head torch 2 has a centrally positioned start burner 3 and an annular nozzle 17 for combustion air 7 and an inner annular nozzle 18, the nozzle 18 over a feed 8 the fuel dust-air mixture is supplied.
  • a device 12 arranged, which to a stronger or reduced mixing and swirl formation between air and Fuel depending on the vanadium and oxygen content of the fuel can be adjusted.
  • the Lid 14 of the combustion chamber 4 is in this embodiment formed flat and has flame guard 29.
  • the head burner 2 according to FIG.
  • Fig. 5 shows a waste heat boiler 6 with a first, second and third train 6.1, 6.2 and 6.3.
  • the blanket 16 of the waste heat boiler 6 is only hinted at in FIG. 5.
  • 6.1 of the waste heat boiler 6 reaches a mixture of flue gas and droplets of slag via the outlet opening 19 (see Fig. 3).
  • the recirculated flue gas protects the walls of the waste heat boiler 6 from slag deposits.
  • the circular concentric arrangement of the nozzles 26 also emerges from FIG. 4.
  • At the bottom of the first Train 6.1 is a discharge opening 21 for ash removal or the slag discharge provided.
  • the waste heat boiler 6 has pipes in the first and second train 6.1 and 6.2 and works on the low pressure evaporation system.
  • In the third turn 6.3 are tube bundles 38 and bottom a discharge opening 32 for loaded with slag ash Flue gas arranged.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 show a third device variant, at which a head or ceiling burner 2 in the ceiling 16 a Waste heat boiler 6 is arranged.
  • the ceiling burner 2 is in the middle of the ceiling 16 above the first train 6.1 of the Waste heat boiler arranged.
  • the ceiling burner 2 has one starting burner 3 arranged in the center.
  • the fuel-air mixture is via the feed 8 and an annular nozzle 18 into a combustion chamber 9 in the area of the first train 6.1 blown in.
  • the ceiling burner 2 corresponds to the feed preheated combustion air 7 the ceiling burner 3.
  • the ceiling burner 2 is, however, with a lower Excess air driven to higher combustion temperatures from approx. 1600 to 1800 ° C and also one to achieve good burnout.
  • Recirculated flue gas is used to prevent caking via an annular channel 28 (FIG. 3) and in the boiler ceiling 16 arranged nozzles 26 blown.
  • the droplets of slag are thereby rejected from the walls of the waste heat boiler 6.
  • a cooling of takes place in the waste heat boiler 6 Flue gas and slag droplets to ⁇ 500 ° C.
  • Fig. 8 is a modification in a vertical section the combustion chamber 4 and the ceiling burner 2 shown in FIG. 3. Matching elements and arrangements are therefore provided with the same reference numerals as in Fig. 3.
  • the modification essentially concerns a double ring nozzle 17, 17 ', which are essentially coaxial with the start burner 3 and the ring nozzle 18 supplying the fuel dust-air mixture is provided.
  • the ring nozzles 17, 17 'for the preheated Combustion air are swirl devices 12 and in the upper one Area controllable flaps 41 available.
  • the one in the double jacket 23 preheated combustion air can be used with this modification via correspondingly adjustable flaps 42 completely or partially directed to feeding the ring nozzles 17, 17 ' become. But it is also possible via the corresponding Flaps 42 the preheated combustion air over a Air nozzle 30, spaced from the head torch, approximately tangentially to blow into the combustion chamber 9.
  • Fig. 9 shows a horizontal section through the wall 22 of a combustion chamber 4 which, for example, according to FIG. 1 or can be designed according to FIGS. 3 and 8.
  • the wall 22 in FIG. 9 is as a coolable wall area 43 or as a so-called "cooling field" in a particularly wear-intensive Zone of the combustion chamber 4 is formed.
  • the coolable Wall area 43 is provided with tubes 44, which as Laying coolant pipe coils, and with fireproof Material 45 coated at least on the combustion chamber side are.
  • the tubes 44 have pins 47 which protrude radially and e.g. are welded on. These pins 7 favor the Solidification of the molten slag and the training a protective layer 46 of slag containing vanadium pentoxide.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
EP99103123A 1998-02-18 1999-02-17 Procédé et dispositif de combustion de combustibles contenant du vanadium Expired - Lifetime EP0937944B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19806823A DE19806823C2 (de) 1998-02-18 1998-02-18 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Verbrennung vanadiumhaltiger Brennstoffe
DE19806823 1998-02-18

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0937944A2 true EP0937944A2 (fr) 1999-08-25
EP0937944A3 EP0937944A3 (fr) 2000-01-05
EP0937944B1 EP0937944B1 (fr) 2003-05-28

Family

ID=7858202

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EP99103123A Expired - Lifetime EP0937944B1 (fr) 1998-02-18 1999-02-17 Procédé et dispositif de combustion de combustibles contenant du vanadium

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (2) US6148745A (fr)
EP (1) EP0937944B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3477102B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE19806823C2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2200418T3 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101825276A (zh) * 2010-04-26 2010-09-08 中国科学院广州能源研究所 一种节能环保型液排渣式燃煤供热系统
RU204537U1 (ru) * 2021-02-12 2021-05-31 Александр Михайлович Гилявский Горелочное устройство теплогенератора

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DE10305968B3 (de) * 2003-02-12 2004-07-01 Kümmel, Joachim, Dipl.-Ing. Verfahren zur Verbrennung von Asche und Schlacke bildenden Brennstoffen und Rückständen und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
US6968791B2 (en) * 2003-08-21 2005-11-29 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Oxygen-enriched co-firing of secondary fuels in slagging cyclone combustors
FR2869673B1 (fr) * 2004-04-30 2010-11-19 Alstom Technology Ltd Procede pour la combustion de residus de raffinage
DE102007010776B4 (de) * 2007-03-06 2008-11-13 Gfe Metalle Und Materialien Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines schwermetallangereicherten, kohlenstoffarmen Konzentrats aus kohlenstoffreichen, schwermetallhaltigen Rückständen insbesondere der Erdölverarbeitung
DE102007021799A1 (de) * 2007-05-07 2008-11-13 Rheinisch-Westfälisch-Technische Hochschule Aachen Verfahren zum Verbrennen von Brennmaterial
EP2180252B1 (fr) * 2008-10-24 2016-03-23 L'Air Liquide Société Anonyme pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude Procédé pour l'injection de ballast dans une chaudière à oxycombustion
US20100154430A1 (en) * 2008-12-22 2010-06-24 Krishan Lal Luthra System and method for operating a gas turbine using vanadium-containing fuels
KR101405470B1 (ko) 2013-01-02 2014-06-11 주식회사 한별 버너
CA3080927A1 (fr) * 2017-11-08 2019-05-16 Plasma Tech Holdings, Llc Fabrication efficace de fibres

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101825276A (zh) * 2010-04-26 2010-09-08 中国科学院广州能源研究所 一种节能环保型液排渣式燃煤供热系统
RU204537U1 (ru) * 2021-02-12 2021-05-31 Александр Михайлович Гилявский Горелочное устройство теплогенератора

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19806823C2 (de) 1999-12-09
JPH11281008A (ja) 1999-10-15
JP3477102B2 (ja) 2003-12-10
DE19806823A1 (de) 1999-09-09
US6148745A (en) 2000-11-21
US6422160B1 (en) 2002-07-23
EP0937944A3 (fr) 2000-01-05
ES2200418T3 (es) 2004-03-01
EP0937944B1 (fr) 2003-05-28
DE59905690D1 (de) 2003-07-03

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