EP0935504B1 - Procede de fabrication par extrusion d'une barre profilee en metal - Google Patents

Procede de fabrication par extrusion d'une barre profilee en metal Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0935504B1
EP0935504B1 EP97943712A EP97943712A EP0935504B1 EP 0935504 B1 EP0935504 B1 EP 0935504B1 EP 97943712 A EP97943712 A EP 97943712A EP 97943712 A EP97943712 A EP 97943712A EP 0935504 B1 EP0935504 B1 EP 0935504B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
preform
shaped bar
process according
mould
cross
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97943712A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0935504A1 (fr
Inventor
Miroslaw Plata
Martin Bolliger
Grégoire Arnold
Pius Schwellinger
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3A Composites International AG
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Alcan Technology and Management Ltd
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Publication date
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Priority to EP97943712A priority Critical patent/EP0935504B1/fr
Publication of EP0935504A1 publication Critical patent/EP0935504A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0935504B1 publication Critical patent/EP0935504B1/fr
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/12—Making non-ferrous alloys by processing in a semi-solid state, e.g. holding the alloy in the solid-liquid phase

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a Profile strand according to the preamble of claim 1. in the The scope of the invention also includes an implementation of the Method suitable device and an application of the Method or use of the device.
  • a known method for the production of metal profiles is extrusion. With today's press technology however, it is hardly possible to make large profiles from aluminum alloys with a width of more than about 700 mm. Another disadvantage is that profile wall thicknesses of less than about 2 mm can hardly be realized. in the However, it would be in terms of weight and cost savings highly desirable to reduce the wall thickness of profiles, i.e. in compliance with usual geometric profile tolerances To achieve wall thicknesses of less than 1 mm.
  • the limited pressing force, the limited possibilities a uniform metal distribution with regard to temperature and flow velocity are the essential factors that when using today's pressing technology of a production stand in the way of extremely thin-walled profiles.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of a method of the type mentioned above and one for implementation of the method to create suitable device with which hard alloys and composite materials of all kinds Process inexpensively to high quality products to let. Another goal is economical production extremely thin-walled large profiles and / or large profiles with extreme width. In addition, existing extrusion plants are said to converted in a simple and inexpensive way can be.
  • a method with the features of claim 1 leads to the achievement of the object according to the invention.
  • the preform is usually in the form of a bolt a preform chamber described in more detail below.
  • the preform and preform chamber thus correspond to that Press bolt or the recipient during extrusion.
  • the inventive deformation of the preform in the partially solid / partially liquid Condition can remain the same Press force to process materials into profiles that are Conventional extrusion hardly or only very uneconomically are producible. As a result of the lesser required Press forces can be compared to conventional Manufacturing comparable profile dimensions smaller systems are pressed, which is beneficial to the Manufacturing costs.
  • a major advantage of the method according to the invention is that hard alloys and composite materials too Profiles with metallurgical properties can be processed can't do that with conventional extrusion are achievable.
  • the Pressing force also wider profiles with less Produce profile wall thickness than this with today's pressing technology is possible.
  • preforms in the partially solid / partially liquid state compared to using conventional, perfect solidified press stud the advantage that the forming can be done with much less pressing force. Will the Low proportion of liquid phase compared to the solid phase held, so can also in thick-walled profile areas a sufficiently rapid solidification can be achieved.
  • the recipient temperature of up to 600 ° C is not arbitrarily increased can be, in an advantageous development of the provided method according to the invention, the pressing the preform to the profile strand by an attacking on the profile strand Support traction.
  • the degree of deformation at the transition from Preform to the profile strand in the partially solid / partially liquid state at least 50%, preferably at least 80%.
  • Under Degree of deformation is the decrease in cross section during understood the deformation of the preform to the profile strand.
  • the profile strand can immediately after exiting the mold for final shaping of the Profile section cross section are passed through a die.
  • This final shaping of the profile section is expediently with a degree of deformation of at most 15%, preferably at most 10%.
  • the profile strand is preferred after exiting the Mold or the die through complete evaporation a coolant sprayed onto the profile strand cooled.
  • a coolant sprayed onto the profile strand cooled By cooling with complete evaporation of the Coolant prevents liquid coolant from entering Direction to the hot and possibly still in liquid Condition of the present metal can flow back. With this measure can the cooling device as close to the Location of the desired cooling, i.e. as close as possible to the mold or the matrix.
  • Aluminum and magnesium alloys in particular are the metal matrix suitable. Their basic properties such as mechanical Strength and elongation can be achieved in a known manner can be achieved via the different alloy types.
  • the non-metallic additives can include the hardness that Rigidity and other properties favorably influenced become.
  • Preferred non-metallic additives are ceramic Materials such as metal oxides, metal nitrides and metal carbides. Examples of such materials are silicon carbide, Alumina, boron carbide, silicon nitride and boron nitride.
  • profiles can be made from composite materials that the preform is already in all materials contains the desired shape.
  • an additional material can in different forms and also in different aggregate states be added.
  • Supplementary material of the preform in solid form as wire, fibers or powder are fed continuously.
  • Wires for example, in the form of reinforcements in the profile remain.
  • a material can also be in the form of wire be added in the partially liquid / partially solid area melts and alloys there or a chemical reaction triggers.
  • the additional material can also be in liquid or in be added in gaseous state.
  • a major advantage of the method according to the invention compared to conventional extrusion is also that preforms from different cross-sections Material areas can be composed. That's the way it is For example, the edge zone or even inner parts a profile with other mechanical than the matrix Properties such as greater hardness, rigidity, abrasion resistance and the like.
  • a suitable device comprises an optionally heatable one Preform chamber to hold the preform, one to the preform chamber subsequent, possibly heatable molding chamber for forming the preform into a profile strand, and a cooled mold connected to the mold chamber Solidification of the profile strand, optionally for final shaping of the extruded section immediately after the Chill mold can still be arranged.
  • the device according to the invention can be used to create a Traction on the profile strand and thus to support the a pull-out device arranged throughout the pressing process his.
  • the pull-out device can have grippers and / or drive rollers include.
  • the mold chamber wall preferably has a constant curvature into the mold wall, i.e. the cross section of itself preform deforming to the profile strand takes continuously from.
  • the state of the preform is in the preform chamber and / or arranged in the molding chamber heating lines.
  • an intermediate layer to be arranged from a heat-insulating material.
  • a heater is arranged. This preferably has individually heated flow channels for the preform on.
  • the heating device consists of at least two devices lined up disc-shaped heating elements with integrated heating conductors, the heating elements individually are adjustable.
  • a particularly preferred area of application of the invention The process and the device are being manufactured of profiles with different cross sections Seen material areas.
  • Extrusion plant for the production of 1 has a recipient 10 with metal profiles a preform chamber 12 for receiving preforms 36.
  • a preform chamber 12 for receiving preforms 36.
  • the preform chamber 12 and the mold chamber 14 are with heating lines 20, 21 for heating the two chambers 12, 14.
  • the heater 42 has a plurality of in parallel individually heated to the pressing direction x Flow channels 44 for heating the preform 36 to an equilibrium state with respect to the desired one solid / liquid ratio.
  • Between the molding chamber 14 and the mold 16 is an intermediate layer 15 made of a heat insulating Arranged material.
  • the mold 16 is equipped with a first cooling device 24 indirect cooling of the contact with the mold wall 26th solidifying metal strand equipped.
  • a second cooling device 30 is arranged inside the die 18 and is used for the direct cooling of the material emerging from the die Profile strand 40 through direct application of coolant.
  • the profile chamber 14 In the same way as for extrusion - with a corresponding one Be mandrel insert.
  • an insertion channel 46 opens for feeding of an additional material 48 in the partially solid / partially liquid Area.
  • This additional material 48 can be in solid form as wire, fibers or powder, in liquid or also in gaseous form Condition.
  • the preform 36 in the form of a pre-heated one that is usually already preheated Metal stud is inserted into the preform chamber 12 and further heated via the heating lines 20.
  • the main part of the mold chamber 14 takes place Deformation of the preform 36, the wall 22 of the molding chamber 14 continuously the inlet opening of the mold 16 approximates.
  • the metal strand solidifies from the partially solid / partially liquid state f / fl along to the solid state f a solidification front starting from the mold wall 26 38.
  • solidified metal strand into the die 18 and is there in a die opening 28.
  • the shape of the profile strand 40 is within the mold 16 is already approximated so that in the Matrix 18 only a small change in cross section or a weak deformation takes place, i.e. die 18 mainly serves the training of a high quality Profile surface and the generation of a dimensionally accurate Profile cross-section.
  • die 18 mainly serves the training of a high quality Profile surface and the generation of a dimensionally accurate Profile cross-section.
  • preforms 36 are also suitable Metals with metallic or non-metallic additives, which have a higher melting point than the base metal.
  • These materials include, for example, or fiber-reinforced materials with an aluminum matrix, i.e. so-called metal matrix composites.
  • More suitable Materials are alloys - especially aluminum alloys - in the thixotropic state, as well as non-thixotropic Hard alloys such as AlMg alloys, in particular Alloys with eutectic solidification.
  • the preforms 36 can already be partially liquid state in the preform chamber 12 become. Completely more rigid because of the easier handling However, these are usually preformed to just under the lowest solidus temperature is heated up and only within the preform chamber 12 and the mold chamber 14 in transferred the desired partially solid / partially liquid state.
  • the heating device 42 is composed of individual disc-shaped heating elements 50 composed. This for example, have heating elements 50 made of steel Breakthroughs 52 on those machined into the surface Grooves 54 are surrounded. After inserting heating wires 56, the grooves 54 are welded.
  • Fig. 7 shows the Series of disk-shaped heating elements 50 for Heating device 42. The openings 52 of the individual disc-shaped Heating elements 50 are matched to one another in such a way that they form the continuous flow channels 44.
  • Fig. 8 shows the percentage of liquid to be processed Material over the length of the heater 42 of Fig. 7.
  • a temperature profile is generated which leads to a essentially linear increase in the liquid phase fraction leads.
  • the material to be processed enters the Heating device 42 is the proportion of the liquid phase for example 20%, on the outlet side of the heater for example 60%.
  • a heating capacity of around 1 kW 5 to 6 elements per heating element are sufficient to achieve the to generate the desired liquid phase fraction.
  • FIG. 9 shows an alternative embodiment of a heating device 42.
  • Disc-shaped heating elements 58 from, for example Boron nitride have heating conductors integrated into their surface 60 on.
  • the thickness of the heating elements 58 is, for example 1 mm.
  • the individual heating elements 58 are through Intermediate discs 62 made of carbon fiber reinforced, for example Graphite separated.
  • the heating elements 58 and the washers 62 have openings 52 which form the total flow channels 44.
  • the heater can operate at temperatures above 1000 ° be so that heat radiation into the preform 36 already before entering the heater 42, the liquid phase portion can be set to about 20%. About that In addition, a desired one can be created with this device Set the temperature profile much faster and more precisely.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
  • Telephone Function (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

Selon ce procédé de fabrication par extrusion d'une barre profilée (40) constituée au moins partiellement d'un matériau métallique, on extrude une préforme (36) dans un état partiellement solide ou partiellement liquide jusqu'à obtenir une barre profilée (40) et on conduit la barre profilée à l'état partiellement solide ou partiellement liquide à travers une coquille refroidie (16) afin de l'amener à se solidifier. Le dispositif correspondant comprend une chambre (12) de réception des préformes (36) le cas échéant chauffable, une chambre (14) d'extrusion des préformes (36) en barres profilées (40) qui est le cas échéant chauffable et suit la chambre de réception des préformes, et une coquille refroidie (16) qui suit la chambre (14) d'extrusion des préformes et dans laquelle les barres profilées se solidifient. Facultativement, une matrice (18) peut être directement située après la coquille (16) pour donner la forme définitive à la section transversale de la barre profilée. Ce procédé et ce dispositif permettent de produire des profilés dont la section transversale a des zones constituées de matériaux différents.

Claims (23)

  1. Procédé pour fabriquer un profilé (40) à partir d'une préforme (36) en un matériau au moins partiellement métallique, selon lequel on repousse par compression la préforme à l'état partiellement solide / partiellement liquide à travers une ouverture de formage, pour obtenir le profilé (40),
    caractérisé en ce qu'on provoque la solidification du profilé (40), qui apparaít lors du formage de la préforme (36), à l'état partiellement solide / partiellement liquide, au moyen d'une coquille refroidie (16).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la compression de la préforme (36) pour former le profilé (40) est assistée par une force de traction (44) qui est appliquée au profilé.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'on déforme la préforme (36) sur au moins 50 % et de préférence sur au moins 80 %.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que juste après la sortie du profilé (40) hors de la coquille (16), la mise en forme finale de la section transversale du profilé est exécutée au moyen d'une matrice (18).
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la mise en forme finale de la section transversale du profilé est exécutée avec un degré de déformation égal au maximum à 15 % et de préférence égal au maximum à 10 %.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'après sa sortie de la coquille (16) ou de la matrice (18), le profilé (40) est refroidi de préférence au moyen d'une évaporation complète d'un fluide de refroidissement pulvérisé sur le profilé.
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que pendant sa déformation, la préforme (36) contient une phase liquide pour un pourcentage égal au maximum à 70 % et de préférence compris entre 20 et 50 %.
  8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la préforme (36) est constituée par un alliage thixotrope, notamment un alliage d'aluminium ou de magnésium thixotrope, par un alliage dur non thixotrope formé d'aluminium ou de magnésium, notamment un alliage de AlMg ou un alliage de MgAl, ou par un matériau à base d'aluminium ou de magnésium, renforcé par des particules ou par du cuivre.
  9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la préforme (36) est formée par l'assemblage de zones de matériaux (A,B,C,D) ayant des sections transversales différentes.
  10. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce qu'un matériau additif (48) est ajouté à l'état partiellement solide / partiellement liquide à la préforme (36) avant l'entrée dans la coquille (16).
  11. Procédé selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le matériau additif (48) est ajouté à la préforme (36) sous forme solide en tant que fil, fibres ou poudre, à l'état liquide ou à l'état gazeux.
  12. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce qu'avant sa mise en forme pour former le profilé (40), on fait passer la préforme (36) à travers une zone de chauffage (42) et, dans la zone de chauffage, on la règle sur un rapport solide/liquide uniforme sur l'ensemble de la section transversale du profilé.
  13. Procédé selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que dans la zone de chauffage (42), on règle un profil de température différent en coupe transversale en fonction des parties de matériaux (A,B,C,D) ayant des sections transversales différentes.
  14. Dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé par une chambre à préforme (12) pouvant être éventuellement chauffée et servant à loger la préforme (36), une chambre de formage (14) qui se raccorde à la chambre à préforme, peut être éventuellement chauffée et sert à réaliser le formage de la préforme (36) sous la forme du profilé (40), ainsi qu'une coquille refroidie (16), qui se raccorde à la chambre de formage (14) et sert à solidifier le profilé.
  15. Dispositif selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce qu'un dispositif de tirage (64) est disposé en aval de manière à appliquer une force de traction (K) au profilé (40).
  16. Dispositif selon la revendication 14 ou 15, caractérisé en ce que pour le formage final de la section en coupe transversale du profilé, une matrice (18) est disposée directement en aval de la coquille (16).
  17. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 14 à 16, caractérisé en ce que la paroi (22) de la chambre de formage se prolonge, au moyen d'une courbure continue, par la paroi (26) de la coquille.
  18. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 14 à 17, caractérisé en ce que les dispositifs de chauffage (20,21) sont disposés dans la chambre à préforme (12) et/ou dans la chambre de formage (14).
  19. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 14 à 18, caractérisé en ce qu'une paroi intercalaire (15) formée d'un matériau d'isolation thermique est disposé entre la chambre de formage (14) et la coquille (16).
  20. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 14 à 19, caractérisé en ce qu'entre la chambre à préforme (12) et la chambre de formage (14) est disposé un dispositif de chauffage (42) possédant des canaux de circulation (44), qui peuvent être chauffés de préférence individuellement, pour la préforme (36).
  21. Dispositif selon la revendication 20, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de chauffage (42) est constitué par au moins deux éléments chauffants (50,58) en forme de disques, qui sont disposés l'un derrière l'autre et dans lesquels sont intégrés des conducteurs de chauffage (56,60), les éléments chauffants étant réglables individuellement.
  22. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 14 à 21, caractérisé en ce que pour le refroidissement ultérieur du profilé (40) qui sort de la coquille (16) ou de la matrice (18), il est prévu un dispositif de refroidissement direct, de préférence un dispositif de refroidissement (30) dans lequel est réalisée une évaporation complète du fluide de refroidissement appliqué au profilé (40).
  23. Utilisation du procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13 et utilisation du dispositif selon l'une des revendications 14 à 22 pour fabriquer des profilés (40) possédant des zones de matériaux (A,B,C,D) ayant des sections transversales différentes.
EP97943712A 1996-11-04 1997-10-20 Procede de fabrication par extrusion d'une barre profilee en metal Expired - Lifetime EP0935504B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP97943712A EP0935504B1 (fr) 1996-11-04 1997-10-20 Procede de fabrication par extrusion d'une barre profilee en metal

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP96810732A EP0839589A1 (fr) 1996-11-04 1996-11-04 Procédé pour la fabrication d'une corde profilée en métal
EP96810732 1996-11-04
PCT/CH1997/000391 WO1998019803A1 (fr) 1996-11-04 1997-10-20 Procede de fabrication par extrusion d'une barre profilee en metal
EP97943712A EP0935504B1 (fr) 1996-11-04 1997-10-20 Procede de fabrication par extrusion d'une barre profilee en metal

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0935504A1 EP0935504A1 (fr) 1999-08-18
EP0935504B1 true EP0935504B1 (fr) 2001-12-12

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EP96810732A Withdrawn EP0839589A1 (fr) 1996-11-04 1996-11-04 Procédé pour la fabrication d'une corde profilée en métal
EP97943712A Expired - Lifetime EP0935504B1 (fr) 1996-11-04 1997-10-20 Procede de fabrication par extrusion d'une barre profilee en metal

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EP96810732A Withdrawn EP0839589A1 (fr) 1996-11-04 1996-11-04 Procédé pour la fabrication d'une corde profilée en métal

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US6360576B1 (fr)
EP (2) EP0839589A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2001503678A (fr)
CA (1) CA2270069A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59705808D1 (fr)
NO (1) NO312156B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998019803A1 (fr)

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DE10361691B4 (de) * 2003-04-21 2006-01-05 Hyundai Motor Co. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Magnesiumlegierungs-Billets für ein Thixoforming-Verfahren
WO2012036583A1 (fr) * 2010-09-13 2012-03-22 Государственное Образовательное Учреждение Высшего Профессионального Образования "Московский Государственный Технический Университет Имени Н.Э.Баумана" (Мгту Им. Н.Э.Баумана) Procédé de thixo-pressage d'une thixo-ébauche cylindrique en mode de phase solide superplastique

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CN100346892C (zh) * 2005-01-25 2007-11-07 广东兴发集团有限公司 7075铝合金型材快速挤压方法
DE102005052470B3 (de) * 2005-11-03 2007-03-29 Neue Materialien Fürth GmbH Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Verbundwerkstoffs oder eines Vorprodukts zur Herstellung eines Verbundwerkstoffs
JP5290326B2 (ja) * 2008-01-14 2013-09-18 コリア インスティチュート オブ インダストリアル テクノロジー 半溶融押出成形装置及び方法
US7942987B2 (en) * 2008-06-24 2011-05-17 Stratasys, Inc. System and method for building three-dimensional objects with metal-based alloys
EP2145704A1 (fr) * 2008-07-08 2010-01-20 Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast- natuurwetenschappelijk onderzoek TNO Procédé et appareil pour l'extrusion en continu de thixo-magnésium en produits d'extrusion en forme de plaques ou de barres
EP2224032A1 (fr) * 2009-02-13 2010-09-01 Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast -natuurwetenschappelijk onderzoek TNO Procédé de fabrication de produits à base d'alliage de magnésium
US9844806B2 (en) * 2013-03-14 2017-12-19 The Electric Materials Company Dual-phase hot extrusion of metals
US9144833B2 (en) * 2013-03-14 2015-09-29 The Electric Materials Company Dual-phase hot extrusion of metals
CN103143584B (zh) * 2013-04-09 2015-09-09 河南理工大学 一种用于制备组织和性能均匀合金的装置
US20160361763A1 (en) 2015-06-15 2016-12-15 Stratasys, Inc. Magnetically throttled liquefier assembly
US10670019B2 (en) 2015-10-30 2020-06-02 Stratasys, Inc. Conical viscosity pump with axially positionable impeller and method of printing a 3D part
DE102016219912A1 (de) * 2016-10-13 2018-04-19 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft 3D-Spritzpressvorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines 3D-Hohlprofils
CN109909477B (zh) * 2019-03-06 2023-11-28 宿迁学院 一种塑性微成形装置

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DE10361691B4 (de) * 2003-04-21 2006-01-05 Hyundai Motor Co. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Magnesiumlegierungs-Billets für ein Thixoforming-Verfahren
WO2012036583A1 (fr) * 2010-09-13 2012-03-22 Государственное Образовательное Учреждение Высшего Профессионального Образования "Московский Государственный Технический Университет Имени Н.Э.Баумана" (Мгту Им. Н.Э.Баумана) Procédé de thixo-pressage d'une thixo-ébauche cylindrique en mode de phase solide superplastique

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EP0839589A1 (fr) 1998-05-06
NO312156B1 (no) 2002-04-02
CA2270069A1 (fr) 1998-05-14
DE59705808D1 (de) 2002-01-24
NO992170D0 (no) 1999-05-04
NO992170L (no) 1999-05-04
EP0935504A1 (fr) 1999-08-18
US6360576B1 (en) 2002-03-26
WO1998019803A1 (fr) 1998-05-14
JP2001503678A (ja) 2001-03-21

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