Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
  • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
  • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
  • B28B7/38—Treating surfaces of moulds, cores, or mandrels to prevent sticking
  • B28B7/384—Treating agents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
  • C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
  • C10M129/04—Hydroxy compounds
  • C10M129/06—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M145/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
  • C10M145/40—Polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
  • C10M173/02—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water not containing mineral or fatty oils
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
  • C10M2207/021—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2209/12—Polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, biopolymers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/30—Refrigerators lubricants or compressors lubricants
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/32—Wires, ropes or cables lubricants
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/34—Lubricating-sealants
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/36—Release agents or mold release agents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/38—Conveyors or chain belts
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/40—Generators or electric motors in oil or gas winning field
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/42—Flashing oils or marking oils
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/44—Super vacuum or supercritical use
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/50—Medical uses
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
  • C10N2050/01—Emulsions, colloids, or micelles

Definitions

• the invention relates to aqueous concrete release agents based on selected oil bodies and emulsifiers as well as the use of mixtures of selected oil bodies and emulsifiers for the production of aqueous concrete release agents.
• Release agents for concrete formwork and molds are, for example, from the corresponding guideline of the main committee "Concrete Technology of the German Concrete Association eV, Wiesbaden (1980) and from H.Reul, Handbuch Whyemie, Verlag für chem. Industrie, Ziolkowsky AG, Augsburg, 1991, p. 319f , known They are applied to the formwork before the fresh concrete is poured in and are intended to reduce the adhesion between the concrete and formwork when stripping and to prevent damage to the concrete surface and formwork, thereby increasing the number of technically possible uses of the formwork material.
• the release agents generally contain an oil component, as well as various additives, e.g. Rust inhibitors, antioxidants, antipore agents, preservatives, wetting agents, adhesives as well Emulsifiers.
• various additives e.g. Rust inhibitors, antioxidants, antipore agents, preservatives, wetting agents, adhesives as well Emulsifiers.
• Different substance classes or their mixtures are used as oil components used, e.g. Mineral oils or white oils, waxes, triglycerides based on vegetable or animal oils or fats or fat derivatives.
• the use of the is particularly advantageous Concrete release agent in the form of an aqueous emulsion.
• the release agents usually contain emulsifiers such as soaps, ethoxylated fatty acids and ethoxylated alkylphenols or petroleum sulfonates in amounts of about 10 to 30% by weight, based on the oil component.
• emulsifiers such as soaps, ethoxylated fatty acids and ethoxylated alkylphenols or petroleum sulfonates in amounts of about 10 to 30% by weight, based on the oil component.
• the release agents are not delivered to the site as Emulsion, but in the form of a concentrate, which is diluted immediately before use.
• the release agents used today have various disadvantages.
• Mineral oils or white oils are insufficiently biodegradable as an oil component.
• Triglycerides on a native basis for example beet oil, are readily biodegradable, but they have relatively high viscosities which are unfavorable for use.
• saponification of the oil by alkaline components of the concrete can lead to the precipitation of calcium soaps, the so-called sanding, which can cause adhesion problems when the concrete is processed further.
• Fatty acid esters show similar behavior. It has already been proposed to remedy the situation by using distillation residues from fatty alcohol production, but it has been shown that these compounds can only be used in part as an oil component, as described, for example, in DD-A5 290 439 .
• the oil component used here is 80 to 90% by weight of mineral oil, to which 4 to 10% by weight of a mixture of saturated and unsaturated wax esters with 32 to 36 carbon atoms, saturated and unsaturated fatty alcohols with 24 to 32 carbon atoms and hydrocarbon is added.
• the wax esters present in the mixture can moreover saponify and thereby trigger the liability problems described above.
• concrete release agents are known from WO 95/18704 (Henkel), which optionally contain unsaturated fatty alcohols or Guerbet alcohols as oil components and nonionic surfactants of the alkylene oxide addition adduct type to suitable H-acidic compounds as emulsifiers.
• European patent application EP-A 0 561 465 discloses mold release agents which contain esters of sterically hindered, polyfunctional alcohols as mandatory components. The concomitant use of monofunctional alcohols is described as a way of reducing the amount of emulsifier.
• British patent application GB-A 1 294 038 relates to a process for the production of concrete release agents in which monofunctional alcohols are used in combination with cationic surfactants.
• the emulsifiers used for the preparation of aqueous emulsions are also technical in terms of application not without problems. Until now, relatively large quantities had to be used to prepare the emulsions Amounts of emulsifier are used, but this negatively affects the rain resistance of the release agents being affected. In addition, with a high emulsifier content at the interface with the alkaline Cement a re-emulsification take place, with part of the release agent in the surface of the concrete penetrates. These separating agent residues can later lead to the problems already mentioned in the Liability of paints or plasters.
• the object of the invention was therefore to provide concrete release agents with improved to provide ecological compatibility, which is characterized by a high saponification stability distinguish and form stable, liquid emulsions even at low temperatures.
• the viscosity of the emulsions must also be so low that they can be sprayed without problems.
• uniform wetting must be combined with good adhesion to a wide variety of products Formwork materials must be guaranteed.
• the invention relates to aqueous concrete release agents containing (a) unsaturated fatty alcohols and (b) alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglyicosides.
• the agents according to the invention are one compared to the State of the art improved rheology and shelf life especially in the lower range Have temperatures.
• the preparations are saponification stable, free of shipping, show one strong network effect and adhere to a wide variety of formwork materials.
• Another The advantage is that the new funds are ecologically harmless and therefore in the Water hazard class 0 can be classified
• unsaturated fatty alcohols which preferably follow the formula ( I ) are used as the oil component (a), R 1 OH (I) in which R 1 represents a completely or predominantly unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having 6 to 22, preferably 12 to 18, carbon atoms
• R 1 represents a completely or predominantly unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having 6 to 22, preferably 12 to 18, carbon atoms
• Typical methyl ester mixtures which are suitable as starting materials for the production of the unsaturated fatty alcohols are those which are derived from beef tallow, old and new cultivated sunflower oil, old and new cultivated rape oil, linseed oil, peanut oil and the like.
• methyl esters based on predominantly saturated fats and oils can also be used, provided that the products are subsequently concentrated accordingly, as described, for example, in documents DE-C2 43 38 974, DE-A1 43 35 781, DE-A1 44 25 180 and DE-C1 44 22 858 (Henkel) is described.
• the agents usually contain unsaturated fatty alcohols which have an iodine number in the range from 40 to 200, preferably 50 to 150 and in particular 70 to 100.
• the unsaturated fatty alcohols are generally present in amounts of 10 to 50, preferably 20 to 40% by weight, based on the composition.
• Alkyl and alkenyl oligoglycosides which are suitable as emulsifier component (b) are known nonionic surfactants which follow the formula ( I ), R 1 O- [G] p (I) in which R 1 stands for an alkyl and / or alkenyl radical with 4 to 22 carbon atoms, G for a sugar radical with 5 or 6 carbon atoms and p for numbers from 1 to 10. They can be obtained by the relevant methods of preparative organic chemistry. As a representative of the extensive literature, reference is made here to the documents EP-A1 0 301298 and WO 90/03977 .
• the alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides can be derived from aldoses or ketoses with 5 or 6 carbon atoms, preferably glucose.
• the preferred alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides are thus alkyl and / or alkenyl oligo glucosides .
• the index number p in the general formula ( I ) indicates the degree of oligomerization (DP), ie the distribution of mono- and oligoglycosides, and stands for a number between 1 and 10.
• the alkyl or alkenyl radical R 1 can be derived from primary alcohols having 4 to 11, preferably 8 to 10, carbon atoms. Typical examples are butanol, capro alcohol, caprylic alcohol, capric alcohol and undecyl alcohol and their technical mixtures, such as are obtained, for example, in the hydrogenation of technical fatty acid methyl esters or in the course of the hydrogenation of aldehydes from Roelen's oxosynthesis.
• the alkyl or alkenyl radical R 1 can also be derived from primary alcohols having 12 to 22, preferably 12 to 14, carbon atoms.
• Typical examples are lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, palmoleyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, elaidyl alcohol, petroselinyl alcohol, arachyl alcohol, gadoleyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, erucyl alcohol, brassidyl alcohol and their technical mixtures, which can be obtained as described above, such as.
• Alkyl oligoglucosides based on hardened C 12/14 coco alcohol with a DP of 1 to 3 are preferred.
• the alkyl and / or alkenyl oligoglycosides are usually present in amounts of 0.2 to 5, preferably 0.5 to 2% by weight. based on the agent - contain, while the agent as such has an aqueous content in the range of 50 to 90, in particular 50-80 and preferably 60 to 70 wt .-%.
• the agents according to the invention can contain conventional auxiliaries and additives such as e.g. Corrosion protection agents, antioxidants, antipore agents, preservatives, wetting agents, Contain adhesives and the like.
• the proportion of these substances is usually based on the Agents in the range of 0.1 to 15 and preferably 0.1 to 5% by weight
• the watery Concrete release agents can be produced by a process in which an aqueous premix is first mixed with moderate stirring Produces oil body and the emulsifier and then this in a conventional manner, for example in an Ultraturrax, a Supraton or another high pressure or Gear rim homogenizer, homogenized into a fine-particle emulsion.
• the release agents can be in pure form or in the form of their emulsion by spraying, spraying, Brush, brush or brush on the formwork surfaces.
• the low viscosity Emulsions are so stable that they can be sprayed without problems.
• Highly viscous pastes can can also be applied by spatula.
• Another object of the invention therefore relates to Use of mixtures of (a) unsaturated fatty alcohols and (b) alkyl and / or Alkenyl oligoglycosides for the production of concrete release agents for steel, plastic or Wooden formwork can be used in concrete construction.
• the viscosity of the emulsions was determined using the Brookfield method in an RVT viscometer (20 ° C., spindle 4, 10 rpm). The stability of the emulsions was assessed after storage over a period of 4 weeks at 5 ° C.
• the performance properties of the emulsions are summarized in Table 1.
• the mixture R1 is according to the invention, the mixtures R2 to R6 are used for comparison. It can be seen that low-viscosity and cold-stable concrete release agents can only be obtained by using the combination of selected oil component and emulsifier according to the invention.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
• Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

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• 1996
  • 1996-09-17 DE DE19637841A patent/DE19637841A1/de not_active Ceased
• 1997
  • 1997-09-08 DE DE59711077T patent/DE59711077D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1997-09-08 WO PCT/EP1997/004870 patent/WO1998012032A1/de active IP Right Grant
  • 1997-09-08 EP EP97944851A patent/EP0932483B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1997-09-08 US US09/254,620 patent/US6274192B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1999
  • 1999-03-16 NO NO991274A patent/NO991274D0/no not_active Application Discontinuation

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