EP0931979A1 - Vorrichtung zur Unterdrückung von Flammen-/Druckschwingungen bei einer Feuerung insbesondere einer Gasturbine - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zur Unterdrückung von Flammen-/Druckschwingungen bei einer Feuerung insbesondere einer Gasturbine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0931979A1
EP0931979A1 EP98101150A EP98101150A EP0931979A1 EP 0931979 A1 EP0931979 A1 EP 0931979A1 EP 98101150 A EP98101150 A EP 98101150A EP 98101150 A EP98101150 A EP 98101150A EP 0931979 A1 EP0931979 A1 EP 0931979A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
flame
screen
flow
burner
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP98101150A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Horst Dr.-Ing. Büchner
Wolfgang Prof. Dr.-Ing. Leuckel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DVGW Deutscher Verein des Gas- und Wasserfaches eV
Deutscher Verein des Gas und Wasserfaches eV Technisch Wissenschaftlicher Verein
Original Assignee
DVGW Deutscher Verein des Gas- und Wasserfaches eV
Deutscher Verein des Gas und Wasserfaches eV Technisch Wissenschaftlicher Verein
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DVGW Deutscher Verein des Gas- und Wasserfaches eV, Deutscher Verein des Gas und Wasserfaches eV Technisch Wissenschaftlicher Verein filed Critical DVGW Deutscher Verein des Gas- und Wasserfaches eV
Priority to EP98101150A priority Critical patent/EP0931979A1/de
Priority to US09/235,475 priority patent/US6056538A/en
Priority to PCT/EP1999/000464 priority patent/WO1999037951A1/de
Priority to JP2000528824A priority patent/JP4121107B2/ja
Publication of EP0931979A1 publication Critical patent/EP0931979A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/42—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the arrangement or form of the flame tubes or combustion chambers
    • F23R3/50—Combustion chambers comprising an annular flame tube within an annular casing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/02—Disposition of air supply not passing through burner
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
    • F23C9/006—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber the recirculation taking place in the combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
    • F23L7/002—Supplying water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/96—Preventing, counteracting or reducing vibration or noise
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2202/00—Fluegas recirculation
    • F23C2202/40—Inducing local whirls around flame
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2206/00—Burners for specific applications
    • F23D2206/10—Turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2210/00—Noise abatement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for continuous combustion chambers; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23R2900/03282—High speed injection of air and/or fuel inducing internal recirculation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for suppressing flame / pressure vibrations with a furnace with at least one Burners for generating a flame and a combustion chamber in which the flame is directed, the furnace at least one gas outlet has, from which gas flows, the flame encloses a jacket and a higher flow rate in the flame propagation direction than the outer regions of the Flame, as well as a gas turbine using such a device is issued.
  • furnaces In industrial combustion plants such as gas turbines, combustion chambers, Hot water heaters, residue incineration plants or industrial furnaces, but also for small furnaces such as gas boilers or boilers in the domestic use area occur under certain through the firing parameters such as thermal performance conditions and unstable operating conditions on, which is characterized by time-period changes in the flame that are accompanied by changes in particular the static Pressure in the combustion chamber and in this upstream or downstream Plant parts. These unstable states also occur in furnaces whose flames are caused by known measures such as Swirl currents, bluff bodies etc. are sufficiently stabilized by ignition.
  • EP-A-0 754 908 accordingly describes a device as specified above proposed in which the flame of a burner with a Flow from gas is encased as closely as possible, the gas flow a higher speed in the direction of flame propagation has as the outer or edge areas of the flame or main burner flow containing fuel.
  • the principle of the invention is based on the knowledge that the vibrations essentially by themselves in the edge area of the Flame periodic ring vortices caused or intensified become.
  • This ring vortex created by rolling up the edge areas of the fuel-containing burner flow arise, close at their Education is hot, already burned out, no longer reactive Flue gases with a, which also quickly heats up the Ring vortex contained fuel / air mixture and therefore a pulse-like, pressure vibration-stimulating reaction of the fuel cause.
  • the procedure is as described above the flame with the smallest possible radial distance to the flame or to the main burner flow Surround the gas jacket flow, which has a higher flow rate in the flame propagation direction than the outer or Edge areas of the flame. So it comes between the jacket flow and flame or fuel gas / air flow for an axial pulse exchange, an acceleration of the free flame or flow boundary layer of the fuel / air mixture, with which the Effective formation of reactive vortices in this area is counteracted.
  • This object is achieved in that a Gas outlet opening more extensive, with a radial distance around the Burner outlet extending screen is provided, through which a the flue gas recirculation area connected to the combustion chamber is separated from said gas.
  • the design of the gas jacket flow is thereby dependent on that surrounding it remaining design of the furnace more independent. Especially with several, possibly mutually influencing Burners, this is another advantage of the invention.
  • the screen itself can be single-shell, with which it is already in existing furnaces can be retrofitted relatively easily.
  • the radial distance between the screen and the burner outlet is so to choose that the jacket flow is not due to a friction Adhesion to the wall undesirably slowed down too much becomes. It must be ensured that the jacket flow can reach the places where they form the formation of ring vortices should prevent.
  • the screen can also be designed with two shells and are flowed through by the gas forming the gas jacket flow.
  • the gas jacket can then, for example, completely or at least partially only emerge from the top of the screen. This Allows the gas to the screen, for example, from a high temperature resistant steel or a ceramic material exists, can still cool accordingly and thus that Prevention of thermal problems with the screen prevented.
  • a preferred place of use of the invention is gas turbines, in particular with several burners, preferably in ring combustion chambers, at which the inventive effect of reducing mutual Influence comes to bear.
  • a furnace equipped according to the invention is in the Section shown. It is a swirl burner, the one premixed fuel gas / air mixture 1 supplied via a burner tube 2 becomes.
  • This burner tube 2 ends at a swirl cabinet 3, the is rotationally symmetrical and inclined guide vanes on its outer circumference 4 has. These vanes have a slope of about 30 °, whereby the outflowing fuel gas / air mixture Distraction and thus a swirl.
  • combustion chamber 8 On the outside 6 of the swirl cupboard 3 becomes the fuel gas / air mixture emerging from the burner ignites and forms a flame 7, which in a combustion chamber 8 occurs.
  • This combustion chamber 8 is in the example shown here the annular combustion chamber of a gas turbine, the in FIG Combustion chamber downstream turbine sections not shown are.
  • the flame 7 is formed by the outer areas of the reacting Layers of fuel gas / air flow with an intense Flame color is the flame contour that can be recognized by an observer produce.
  • This through a reacting fuel-air mixture A flame made of gas flows around the flame.
  • This jacket is caused by a gas flow 9 through a Ring channel 10 passed parallel to the burner tube 2 through the burner is and exits the burner at gas outlet openings 11.
  • a large number of these gas outlet openings is above the Circumference of the burner distributed. This multitude of openings is tight around the swirl cabinet 3 of the burner arranged around so that from the 11 corresponding to the number of gas outlet openings resulting multiple gas flows 9 complete the flame surrounding jacket flow forms.
  • the flow rate from the gas outlet openings 11 escaping gas jacket flow is due to the quarter circle nozzles 12 accelerated so far that the speed in the direction of the axis 13 is considerably higher than that of the outer areas of the flame 7 of the burning fuel gas / air mixture behind the swirl cabinet 3. This takes place in the area between the one burning in a flame Fuel gas / air mixture and the closely surrounding one Gas jacket flow partially accelerates the boundary layer burning, partially not yet ignited fuel gas / air mixture. This effectively prevents it in the edge area of the Flame for the formation of periodic, coherent ring vortex structures that comes through a quick reaction of the contained in them Flame / pressure vibrations due to in-phase energy supply can stimulate and reinforce.
  • the gas jacket flow is continuously from the Exit gas outlet openings 11.
  • the ring vortex structures form periodically, there is also the possibility to operate the air flow periodically, that is, in discontinuous mode Wise.
  • the ones to be provided for this Control devices such as valves, controls etc. with associated with high costs and also have such additional Device parts an additional susceptibility to failure of the entire system result.
  • the combustion chamber is at the front side 14 8 a cylindrical screen 15 welded. That umbrella has a radial distance to the burner and also encompasses the Gas outlet openings 11. So outside of the screen 15 Flue gas recirculation area 16 separated from the gas flow 9. This prevents that in this area due to the flow conditions essentially radially inward flowing Flue gases, the flow path of which is indicated by the arrow lines 17 is also sucked into the gas flow 9 and thus in deteriorate their effect. Instead, the gas flow can In the initial area, expand unaffected like free jets.
  • Figure 2 is a Section through an annular combustion chamber 8 of a gas turbine, in of which eight burners are distributed over the circumference. In supervision on these burners you can see the swirl cabinet 3 and the ring-shaped gas outlet openings 11, which on the burner generate a gas jacket flow. Around this gas jacket flow of the influence of neighboring burners or through them To shield flue gas recirculation caused by each burner surrounded by a corresponding screen 15.
  • a cylindrical screen is the radial distance between the screen 15 and the gas outlet opening 11 chosen so that the gas jacket flow 9, which their exit from the gas outlet openings 11 like free jets expands, only in the vicinity of the upper edge 18 of the screen 15 at its Inside.
  • this can prevent the Gas flow is too early on the screen 15 and due to the friction with the wall formed by the screen 15 in unintentional Way is slowed down.
  • it ensures that between the gas jacket flow and the upper edge 18 of the screen 15 Gap arises through the flue gases to the exit areas of the Gas jacket flow can flow, which is mixed in there undesired would.
  • the distance to be selected from these aspects is in a known, opening angle dependent on gas density and gas temperature the gas jacket flow as a function of the extension of the screen parallel to the flame propagation direction by simple to determine trigonometric relationships.
  • the direction of flame propagation coincides with the axis of the burner 13.
  • FIG. 4 also shows an embodiment, in which the burner within the cylindrical screen in the direction of flame propagation is brought forward.
  • the effect achieved here is in essentially due to the fact that the recirculation of the Flue gas with a flow component directed radially towards the burner takes place in the flue gas recirculation area 16 and so in the plane in which in the example shown in FIG Gas outlet openings 11 are, the flue gas recirculation none noticeable radial flow component has more but essentially characterized by their axial flow.
  • FIG. 5 Another alternative to this is shown in FIG. 5: Here is a double-walled screen 20 is provided by the gas for the Gas jacket flow is flowed through and corresponding at the upper edge Has provided gas outlet openings 21, from which then the gas jacket flow 22 emerges.
  • the recirculation of the flue gases without essential radial flow component and the gas jacket flow 22 can prevent the ring vortex without going through here radially incoming smoke gases to be hindered.
  • this has the through double walled shield flowing gas still a cooling function for the umbrella.
  • the screens are each made of high temperature resistant Steel or from a corresponding ceramic material.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)
  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
EP98101150A 1998-01-23 1998-01-23 Vorrichtung zur Unterdrückung von Flammen-/Druckschwingungen bei einer Feuerung insbesondere einer Gasturbine Withdrawn EP0931979A1 (de)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP98101150A EP0931979A1 (de) 1998-01-23 1998-01-23 Vorrichtung zur Unterdrückung von Flammen-/Druckschwingungen bei einer Feuerung insbesondere einer Gasturbine
US09/235,475 US6056538A (en) 1998-01-23 1999-01-22 Apparatus for suppressing flame/pressure pulsations in a furnace, particularly a gas turbine combustion chamber
PCT/EP1999/000464 WO1999037951A1 (de) 1998-01-23 1999-01-25 Vorrichtung zur unterdrückung von flammen-/druckschwingungen bei einer feuerung, insbesondere einer gasturbine
JP2000528824A JP4121107B2 (ja) 1998-01-23 1999-01-25 ガスタービンの炉における火炎・圧力振動の抑制装置

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP98101150A EP0931979A1 (de) 1998-01-23 1998-01-23 Vorrichtung zur Unterdrückung von Flammen-/Druckschwingungen bei einer Feuerung insbesondere einer Gasturbine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0931979A1 true EP0931979A1 (de) 1999-07-28

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98101150A Withdrawn EP0931979A1 (de) 1998-01-23 1998-01-23 Vorrichtung zur Unterdrückung von Flammen-/Druckschwingungen bei einer Feuerung insbesondere einer Gasturbine

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US6056538A (ja)
EP (1) EP0931979A1 (ja)
JP (1) JP4121107B2 (ja)
WO (1) WO1999037951A1 (ja)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000012939A1 (de) * 1998-08-31 2000-03-09 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Brenneranordnung
EP1122493A2 (de) * 2000-02-02 2001-08-08 Robert Bosch Gmbh Drallbrenner mit einem Drallkörper in einer Brennkammer
US6773257B2 (en) 2000-12-23 2004-08-10 Alstom Technology Ltd Burner for the production of a hot gas
DE10326720A1 (de) * 2003-06-06 2004-12-23 Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg Brenner für eine Gasturbinenbrennkammer
DE102010020389A1 (de) * 2010-05-12 2011-11-17 Robert Bosch Gmbh Gasbrenner für ein Heizgerät
CN103201996A (zh) * 2010-08-16 2013-07-10 胡夫·许尔斯贝克和福斯特有限及两合公司 提供无线机动车访问的方法
CN105020744A (zh) * 2015-07-06 2015-11-04 南京航空航天大学 一种斜流驻涡燃烧室

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US6893251B2 (en) 2002-03-16 2005-05-17 Exxon Mobil Chemical Patents Inc. Burner design for reduced NOx emissions
US6846175B2 (en) * 2002-03-16 2005-01-25 Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. Burner employing flue-gas recirculation system
EP1495263B1 (en) * 2002-03-16 2015-04-29 ExxonMobil Chemical Patents Inc. IMPROVED BURNER WITH LOW NOx EMISSIONS
US6884062B2 (en) 2002-03-16 2005-04-26 Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. Burner design for achieving higher rates of flue gas recirculation
US6893252B2 (en) 2002-03-16 2005-05-17 Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. Fuel spud for high temperature burners
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EP1400752B1 (en) 2002-09-20 2008-08-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Premixed burner with profiled air mass stream, gas turbine and process for burning fuel in air
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US7513115B2 (en) * 2005-05-23 2009-04-07 Power Systems Mfg., Llc Flashback suppression system for a gas turbine combustor
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JP4739275B2 (ja) * 2006-08-11 2011-08-03 Ｊｘ日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社 バーナ
US7827797B2 (en) * 2006-09-05 2010-11-09 General Electric Company Injection assembly for a combustor
US8443607B2 (en) * 2009-02-20 2013-05-21 General Electric Company Coaxial fuel and air premixer for a gas turbine combustor
US9086018B2 (en) * 2010-04-23 2015-07-21 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Starting a gas turbine engine to maintain a dwelling speed after light-off
DE102011121455B4 (de) 2011-12-16 2018-03-15 Fokko Crone Vorrichtung zur thermischen Nachverbrennung von Abgasen oder Ablüften
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US5044932A (en) * 1989-10-19 1991-09-03 It-Mcgill Pollution Control Systems, Inc. Nitrogen oxide control using internally recirculated flue gas
EP0704908A2 (de) 1994-09-30 1996-04-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Abschaltbares Halbleiterbauelement
EP0754908A2 (de) * 1995-07-20 1997-01-22 DVGW Deutscher Verein des Gas- und Wasserfaches -Technisch-wissenschaftliche Vereinigung- Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Unterdrückung von Flammen-/Druckschwingungen bei einer Feuerung

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000012939A1 (de) * 1998-08-31 2000-03-09 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Brenneranordnung
EP1122493A2 (de) * 2000-02-02 2001-08-08 Robert Bosch Gmbh Drallbrenner mit einem Drallkörper in einer Brennkammer
EP1122493A3 (de) * 2000-02-02 2002-01-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Drallbrenner mit einem Drallkörper in einer Brennkammer
US6773257B2 (en) 2000-12-23 2004-08-10 Alstom Technology Ltd Burner for the production of a hot gas
DE10326720A1 (de) * 2003-06-06 2004-12-23 Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg Brenner für eine Gasturbinenbrennkammer
US7621131B2 (en) 2003-06-06 2009-11-24 Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co. Kg Burner for a gas-turbine combustion chamber
DE102010020389A1 (de) * 2010-05-12 2011-11-17 Robert Bosch Gmbh Gasbrenner für ein Heizgerät
EP2386797A3 (de) * 2010-05-12 2017-11-15 Robert Bosch GmbH Gasbrenner für ein Heizgerät
CN103201996A (zh) * 2010-08-16 2013-07-10 胡夫·许尔斯贝克和福斯特有限及两合公司 提供无线机动车访问的方法
CN103201996B (zh) * 2010-08-16 2016-03-23 胡夫·许尔斯贝克和福斯特有限及两合公司 提供无线机动车访问的方法
CN105020744A (zh) * 2015-07-06 2015-11-04 南京航空航天大学 一种斜流驻涡燃烧室

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