EP0927500A1 - Station de base et procede pour alimenter une cellule d'un systeme radiotelephonique mobile cellulaire - Google Patents

Station de base et procede pour alimenter une cellule d'un systeme radiotelephonique mobile cellulaire

Info

Publication number
EP0927500A1
EP0927500A1 EP97941984A EP97941984A EP0927500A1 EP 0927500 A1 EP0927500 A1 EP 0927500A1 EP 97941984 A EP97941984 A EP 97941984A EP 97941984 A EP97941984 A EP 97941984A EP 0927500 A1 EP0927500 A1 EP 0927500A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
base station
branches
zweigl
zweign
time slot
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP97941984A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Christian Lüders
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0927500A1 publication Critical patent/EP0927500A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0602—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using antenna switching
    • H04B7/0608—Antenna selection according to transmission parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/24—Cell structures

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a base station for communication connections to mobile stations via radio interfaces and a method for supplying a cell of a cellular mobile radio system.
  • Mobile communication systems e.g. Mobile radio systems such as the GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) mobile radio system enable communication connections to and from mobile subscribers to be established by transmitting information via a radio interface.
  • GSM Global System for Mobile Communications
  • Various methods for separating the subscribers can be used on the radio interface, including the time-division multiplex and the frequency division multiplex method.
  • the information is transmitted on the radio interface using electromagnetic waves. After transmission via the radio interface, only part of the energy is absorbed by the receiving antenna of the receiving radio station.
  • the information transmitted on the radio interface is subject to various interferences.
  • the information sent by the transmitting station reaches a receiving station via various propagation paths, so that the signal components of different propagation paths overlap at the receiving station.
  • shadowing can significantly hinder the transmission of information from a sending station to the receiving station.
  • Interferers in the frequency band of the respective communication link also impair the quality of the signals received.
  • a method for improving the radio cell illumination in a cellular mobile radio system is known from European patent specification 0 617 861 B1.
  • the information of a communication link is transmitted from several radio stations, typically three branches of a base station, on the edge of a cell to be supplied to a mobile station with a single carrier frequency.
  • the signals of the individual branches overlap at the mobile station and thus lead to an improvement in the quality of the communication link.
  • the signals sent by the mobile station are received by all branches of the base station supplying the cell and are subjected to a diversity combination method. The connection from the mobile station to the base station can thus also be improved.
  • a base station for communication connections to mobile stations via radio interfaces contains at least one combination device.
  • At least two base station branches for supplying a cell are connected to this combination device.
  • the combination device is provided for monitoring the transmission quality for a communication connection between a mobile station and the at least two base station branches. In accordance with the determined transmission quality for a communication connection, the combination device switches additional base station branches on and off. Switching on and off takes place in both transmission directions. If a base station branch is switched on, then the information transmission between this base station branch and the mobile station takes place for the communication link mentioned in both directions in addition to the information transmission that has already taken place via the base station branches that have already been switched on.
  • the transmission quality can be improved by the flexible switching on and off of additional base station branches, or it is possible, with sufficient transmission quality, to reduce the outlay on base station branches required for a communication connection. There is no separation of the two transmission directions, but both transmission directions are switched together. This makes it possible to release a transmitting and receiving unit in a base station branch.
  • the evaluation and the monitored transmission quality and the triggering of the switching on and off of branches can also be initiated by a control device outside the combination device.
  • a signal combination, for example addition, and distribution of the received signals of the individual branches also advantageously take place in the combination device.
  • the transmission quality determined is checked for the individual branches and for the communication link as a whole. It can thus be determined which branches are required to ensure adequate transmission quality and which are not.
  • the corresponding branches are switched on or off for the connection under consideration. Switching on and off takes place in both transmission directions. By releasing in both transmission directions, the transmitter and receiver device that has become free on the branch that is switched off can be used for a communication link of another mobile station; That is, while the communication link is in existence, transmission and reception devices are not reserved at all branches, but are dynamically switched on and off as required. This makes it possible to make better use of transmitting and receiving devices while maintaining the advantages of multiple coverage, ie to make savings.
  • the percentage of connections that require additional branches (eg reception level lower than the average level in the cell) and in which the additional branches have a substantial improvement in the reception conditions was determined by simulations using conventional radio propagation models and the model of the reception power addition for the signal combination cause (eg reception level improvement more than 1 dB).
  • the typical result is:
  • Receiving devices can be implemented by the base station according to the invention.
  • a base transceiver station or sector antenna which was switched off for a communication link, is switched on on another carrier frequency for a further communication link.
  • This configuration results in an improved utilization of the transmitting and receiving devices of the base station and an improved utilization of the system resources for the purpose of increasing the network capacity.
  • the transmission devices of a base station are advantageously designed in such a way that in the case of a time-division multiplexing method, a switching of the carrier request is possible in relation to the time slot. For each time slot, a logical node is dynamically assigned to a physical channel.
  • the base station branches are formed by base transceiver stations, which are each arranged on the edge of the cell, or alternatively by sector antennas, to which different sectors of a cell are assigned.
  • the base transceiver stations have a radiation pattern directed towards the center of the cell, while in the case of sector antennas, which can be generated both by separate antennas and by electronic modulation, the radiation pattern points to the cell edge.
  • the signal quality can be improved by using the same channel at the base station.
  • Interference can only be received in a small angular range (e.g. by selecting the sector with the best reception). Furthermore, less interference is spread by the base station for other communication connections, since the transmission signal is not sent in all directions, but rather in a targeted manner. Here, too, it is possible to dynamically switch transmitters and receivers on and off at the respective make savings while maintaining sectorization.
  • the base station is operated according to the time-division multiplex method, with the switching on and off of a base station branch - a base transceiver station or a sector antenna - being controlled with respect to a communication connection in a time slot-related manner.
  • guard times are provided between the time slots in accordance with the time division multiplex method, during which the transmission power of the transmission station is reduced.
  • the monitoring of the transmission quality can be made possible by measuring transmission parameters such as the signal level, the signal-to-noise ratio or the ratio of useful signal to interference signal for a communication link in each individual branch in the combination device at regular intervals or stimulated by the transmission quality or by the bit error rate is determined for each individual branch.
  • the monitoring can also be restricted to individual branches or the transmission quality of all branches as a whole is determined.
  • the combination device can control that additional base station branches are incorporated into the communication system. connection for the purpose of monitoring the transmission quality.
  • a mobile station is advantageously supplied by a plurality of base station branches on a common carrier frequency.
  • several base station branches - base transceiver stations or sector antennas - transmit on a common carrier frequency, so that the signal components of the mobile station overlap to form the overall signal and the reception of the mobile stations can be improved without increased effort.
  • This further development enables the base station to be modified without having to adapt the mobile stations.
  • the base stations have at least one organization channel, the carrier frequency of which, according to an advantageous development, is preferably used for communication connections which are supplied by a plurality of base station branches. Since the organization channel is provided by all base station branches regardless of the load state of the cell, the carrier frequency of this organization channel can advantageously be used for communication connections which occupy a large number of branches. Such a procedure makes it possible to reduce the number of carrier frequencies required per base transmission / reception station or sector antenna depending on the load.
  • These physical channels can advantageously be switched between a combination device and a branch, as a result of which only the actually required number of physical channels is switched between the combination device and the base transceiver station or sector antenna.
  • a method for supplying a cell of a cellular mobile radio system is specified.
  • the base station according to the invention and the method for supplying a cell will be explained in more detail with reference to the figures using exemplary embodiments.
  • 1 shows a block diagram of the cellular mobile radio system
  • FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of a base station with three base station branches for supplying a cell
  • FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of a base station with assigned sector antennas
  • 5 shows a radio interface with two time slots and three carrier frequencies with two branches.
  • the mobile communication system shown in FIG. 1 has at least one mobile switching center MSC which is networked with other mobile switching centers or which provides access to a fixed network PSTN. Furthermore, this mobile switching center MSC is connected to at least one base station controller BSC. Each base station controller BSC in turn enables a connection to at least one combination device KOM.
  • the mobile switching center MSC and the base station controller BSC are arrangements such as are known, for example, from the GSM mobile radio system.
  • the combination device KOM is connected, for example, to three base station branches Zweigl to Zweig3.
  • These base station branches Zweigl to Zweig3 are, for example, radio stations that can establish a communication link to mobile stations MS via a radio interface.
  • In 1 shows such a radio connection to a mobile station MS.
  • the radio interface between base station branches Zweigl to Zweig3 and mobile station MS is organized according to the time-division multiplex method. For example, eight time slots are provided on a carrier frequency, which can be used for different communication connections and for organizing the radio interface. Details on the organization of the radio interface can be found, for example, in M.Mouly, MBPautet, "The GSM System for Mobile Communications", 1992.
  • the radio interface is also optionally organized according to the frequency division multiplex method, so that one radio station uses several carrier frequencies Communication connections to mobile stations MS can be established, so a radio channel is characterized by its carrier frequency and by the time slot.
  • three base station branches Zweigl to Zweig3 connected to a common combination device KOM are arranged on the edge of a cell Z of the cellular mobile communication system with a plurality of cells Z.
  • the base station branches Zweigl to Zweig3 can thus together, i.e. at the same time and with high quality, ensure a communication link to a mobile station MS.
  • the combination device KOM and the base station branches Zweigl to Zweig3 form a base station BS which can be repeated in accordance with the cell structure of the mobile communication system.
  • the base station BS receives, for example, information on six different carriers, ie based on a time slot, there can be a maximum of six communication connections to mobile stations. These six different carriers, which correspond to physical channels, are routed to the combination device KOM. This combination tion device KOM switches the physical channels to individual branches, which are implemented by base transceiver stations BTS.
  • three base transceiver stations BTS or alternatively two base transceiver stations or a plurality of base transceiver stations, are arranged on the edge of a common cell and supply, for example, six mobile stations identified by numbers.
  • six mobile stations identified by numbers In order to supply six mobile stations at the same time through all base transmission / reception stations BTS during a time slot, it would be necessary to provide transmission and reception devices TRX for six different carrier frequencies on all base transmission / reception stations.
  • a smaller number, four in FIG. 2, of transmitting and receiving devices TRX1 to TRX4 is provided.
  • the number of transmitting and receiving devices per base station branch is greater than 1, but smaller than the number of physical channels on the network side up to the combination device KOM.
  • the physical channels between the base station branches and the combination device KOM can be switched by the combination device KOM.
  • the mobile stations 1, 5, 6, which are located near a single base transceiver station BTS, are supplied exclusively by this base transceiver station BTS, while other mobile stations 3, 4 are supplied by two base transceiver stations BTS or another one Mobile station 2 are supplied by three base transmitting / receiving station BTS.
  • the number of transmitting and receiving devices that have to be provided for each base station branch in the network planning can be determined using methods of traffic theory.
  • the load per base station branch ie diversity branch of a communication connection
  • the load per base station branch can be determined from the traffic to be expected for a cell and the maximum permissible blocking rate.
  • This load can be modeled to the extent that the average number of diversity branches per communication link ⁇ 3 is, for example, between 1.2 and 1.5.
  • the load per branch depends on the special circumstances of a single cell, so that a certain safety margin has to be taken into account. From the load per branch, the number of required transmitters and receivers per base station branch can now be determined.
  • Base station branches (physical channels to the transmitting and receiving devices of these branches) are switched on and off by the combination device KOM in accordance with the transmission quality for this communication connection as a whole and on the individual branches.
  • a required transmission quality is defined within the mobile communication system, which can be derived from the reception level, the bit error rate, the signal-to-noise ratio, the ratio of useful signal to interference signal or a combination of these measured variables. If the transmission quality falls below a first threshold value, the combination device KOM can cause a further base station branch to be connected for this communication connection. On the other hand, the combination device KOM switches a base station branch - advantageously the one with the worst transmission quality - out of the communication connection if a second threshold value with regard to the transmission quality is exceeded or if it does not make a significant contribution to the signal quality.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further base station BS which consists of a base transceiver station BTS with a combination device KOM. The base station BS is connected to a base station controller BSC, which gives access to the
  • Sector antennas A are assigned to the base station BS and emit transmission signals or receive signals as antenna devices.
  • the sector antennas A form the base station branches Zweigl to Zweign and are each aligned so that the cell that surrounds the base station BS is divided into different sectors.
  • the sectors of the individual sector antennas A overlap, so that a communication connection to a mobile station MS is possible via at least two sector antennas A.
  • the sector antennas A can also be configured as one antenna or a plurality of antennas with electronic deflection of the radiation pattern.
  • This sectorization of a cell of a cellular mobile radio system makes it possible to reduce the radiated and received interference power, and the same carrier frequency of a base station BS for different ones which can be distinguished by their direction with respect to the base station BS
  • the sector antennas A are connected to individual transmitting and receiving devices, which in turn are connected to the combination device KOM.
  • the combination device KOM connects branches represented by sector antennas A to the network-side physical channels from and to the base station controller BSC.
  • the transmitting and receiving devices of the base stations BS according to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 can be switched to different carrier frequencies in relation to the time slot.
  • the frequency resources within a cell are used in an improved manner and a high network capacity is realized with the available frequency band.
  • a base station branch is referred to as a branch for supplying a mobile station MS.
  • the probability that a transmitting and receiving device for the corresponding time slot is not available for an existing communication connection that requires an additional branch should be kept as low as possible. This probability is referred to in the following as the blocking probability to separate it from the
  • connection blocking probability should advantageously take precedence over a minimization of the set-up blocking probability in order to secure existing communication connections with sufficient quality.
  • the goal of keeping both probabilities low can be achieved by: an appropriate time slot allocation strategy when establishing a connection, and
  • this is supplied by several or all, for example three, branches.
  • branches On the basis of the measurements of the respective reception level and / or qualities (bit error rates), it is determined which branches are required to supply the communication link.
  • a new time slot can be searched for this communication connection, so that the connection blocking probability resulting from the laying on this time slot is as low as possible, and the communication connection on this
  • the old channel can also be retained if the probability of the block being blocked was low, e.g. less than an adjustable threshold or not much larger than the new blocking probability.
  • connection blocking probability ZBW depends on different sizes:
  • N number of transmitting and receiving devices per branch
  • n b (ts) number of occupied transmitting and receiving devices on the time slot ts on branch b.
  • K2 ⁇ (n b (ts)) b_l is minimal.
  • Rule 3 choose a time slot ts in which the number of communication connections that are operated on this time slot is minimal, see FIG. 5.
  • Rule 4 use measurements of the reception level or quality or, if necessary, the trend analysis to calculate estimated values for the probability that the i-th communication connection on time slot ts will soon need branch b or can release branch b. These probabilities are called W t (s) and w b (ts).
  • the probability ZBV ⁇ Os) can be calculated that for an existing communication connection which requires branch b, a necessary transmitting and receiving device for the corresponding time slot ts is not available for this branch b.
  • ZBW (ts) 1 - (1 - ZBW, (ts)) * * (1 -ZB ⁇ ⁇ (ts)) * .. * (l - ZB ⁇ ⁇ (ts)).
  • Rule 4 is therefore: choose a time slot ts where ZBW (ts) is minimal.
  • the order of magnitude can be in the range of 1..5 s, but it depends on the speed of the mobile station and the cell topology.
  • the period can be set as a parameter in the system.
  • the time slot allocation strategy results, for example (modifications in the sense of minimizing the blocking probabilities and possibly reduced effort are also possible):
  • Another way to minimize the probability of being blocked is to regroup communication connections, i.e. moving to another time slot ts.
  • the sizes according to rule 1 to 4 can be compared with a threshold value. This can be checked at regular intervals or if a pointer is required but is not available or if a transmitting and receiving device is released.
  • a call to be rescheduled is determined by checking which is the communication link that most greatly reduces the sizes according to rules 1-4.
  • the time slot ts is selected as at the beginning of the communication connection. It can be provided that the laying is only carried out if the sizes of the two time slots determined according to the rules 1 to 4 differ by a threshold value.

Abstract

Une station de base comporte au moins un dispositif combiné auquel au moins deux dérivations de la station de base sont reliées pour alimenter une cellule. La qualité de transmission d'une liaison de communication est contrôlée dans chaque dérivation de la station de base et ces dernières sont mises sous ou hors tension en conséquence dans les deux sens de transmission. L'invention peut également être mise en oeuvre dans des stations de base comportant des antennes sectorielles pour alimenter une cellule. L'invention convient notamment pour des systèmes radiotéléphoniques mobiles cellulaires, par exemple le système radiotéléphonique mobile GSM.
EP97941984A 1996-09-17 1997-09-05 Station de base et procede pour alimenter une cellule d'un systeme radiotelephonique mobile cellulaire Withdrawn EP0927500A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP96114902A EP0830043A1 (fr) 1996-09-17 1996-09-17 Station de base et procédé de couverture de cellule dans un système radio mobile cellulaire
DE96114902 1996-09-17
PCT/EP1997/004841 WO1998012889A1 (fr) 1996-09-17 1997-09-05 Station de base et procede pour alimenter une cellule d'un systeme radiotelephonique mobile cellulaire

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0927500A1 true EP0927500A1 (fr) 1999-07-07

Family

ID=8223188

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96114902A Withdrawn EP0830043A1 (fr) 1996-09-17 1996-09-17 Station de base et procédé de couverture de cellule dans un système radio mobile cellulaire
EP97941984A Withdrawn EP0927500A1 (fr) 1996-09-17 1997-09-05 Station de base et procede pour alimenter une cellule d'un systeme radiotelephonique mobile cellulaire

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96114902A Withdrawn EP0830043A1 (fr) 1996-09-17 1996-09-17 Station de base et procédé de couverture de cellule dans un système radio mobile cellulaire

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US6311074B1 (fr)
EP (2) EP0830043A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2001503213A (fr)
KR (1) KR20000036197A (fr)
CN (1) CN1231106A (fr)
AU (1) AU4382597A (fr)
TR (1) TR199900597T2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998012889A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1998012889A1 (fr) 1998-03-26
US6311074B1 (en) 2001-10-30
AU4382597A (en) 1998-04-14
EP0830043A1 (fr) 1998-03-18
CN1231106A (zh) 1999-10-06
TR199900597T2 (xx) 1999-06-21
KR20000036197A (ko) 2000-06-26
JP2001503213A (ja) 2001-03-06

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