EP0914587A1 - Element d'allumage a couche mince pour matieres actives pyrotechniques et son procede de fabrication - Google Patents
Element d'allumage a couche mince pour matieres actives pyrotechniques et son procede de fabricationInfo
- Publication number
- EP0914587A1 EP0914587A1 EP98929356A EP98929356A EP0914587A1 EP 0914587 A1 EP0914587 A1 EP 0914587A1 EP 98929356 A EP98929356 A EP 98929356A EP 98929356 A EP98929356 A EP 98929356A EP 0914587 A1 EP0914587 A1 EP 0914587A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ignition
- layer
- thin
- element according
- hafnium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
- F42B3/10—Initiators therefor
- F42B3/195—Manufacture
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
- F42B3/10—Initiators therefor
- F42B3/12—Bridge initiators
- F42B3/13—Bridge initiators with semiconductive bridge
Definitions
- the invention relates to a thin-layer ignition element for pyrotechnic active compositions according to the preamble of patent claim 1 and a method for its production according to the preamble of patent claim 11.
- DE 42 22 223 C1 proposes a thin-layer ignition bridge made of titanium, titanium nitride or an alloy predominantly containing titanium, since titanium or titanium nitride has a large-area and uniform heating of the pyro due to its high thermal conductivity and its higher electrical resistance when melting compared to conventional ignition bridge materials - ensure technical mass.
- the ignition energy required for this is very high, since titanium has a melting point above 1660 ° Celsius; Titanium nitride above 2900 ° Celsius and usual titanium alloys are even higher.
- the hydrogen storage in metal hydrides can also be regarded as known, but this is usually undesirable as a negative effect on the strength of the metal (hydrogen disease). This effect can also be used for the targeted storage of hydrogen (cf. Bergmann / Schulfer: Textbook of Experimental Physics, Vol. 6 1992, p. 452 f.).
- the object of the present invention is to develop a thin-layer ignition element which can be ignited by a low initialization energy and which is passed on to the pyrotechnic ignition compound with the least possible loss of efficiency.
- the thin-layer ignition element should also be easy to manufacture and in large numbers.
- Characteristic of the present invention is the coupling of physical, chemical and thermal energy input from the hafnium and / or titanium hydride directly into the pyrotechnic active mass with significantly smaller amounts of initialization energy.
- a mixture of the two is also suitable for linking their respective positive properties.
- Low-voltage voltages ⁇ 50 V and an initialization energy in the range of a few millijoules are sufficient to start the ignition;
- the property of the hafnium and / or titanium hydride which is already at a local temperature of approx. 450 ° C, is essential for energy savings 800 degrees Celsius decomposed, whereas previously a melting temperature of approx. 1660 ° Celsius had to be applied.
- the decomposition temperature increases with increasing hafnium content.
- the metallic component of titanium used can be ⁇ process technically simple to control and has the basic mode of action, so that in addition to the effect of released during the decomposition of reactive hydrogen, as well as the effect of the resulting plasma and the energy input is high by the heated metal atoms, which accelerates the ignition .
- the metallic constituent hafnium is characterized by a higher specific atomic weight, so that in addition to the effect of the reactive hydrogen released during the decomposition and the effect of the resulting plasma, the energy input by the heavy metal atoms is particularly high, which accelerates the ignition process. More advantageous compared to other metal hydride barriers is the high thermal stability with hafnium hydride with regard to the out-diffusion of the hydrogen and the even higher decomposition temperature of the metal hydride layer compared to the already quite good titanium, which has a favorable effect on the stability against thermal environmental influences and on the overall service life of the ignition element.
- the thermal insulation layer below the ignition bridge layer reduces energy losses due to the heat dissipation into the carrier substrate and thus increases the amount of energy flowing and thus effective in the direction of the pyrotechnic active mass.
- a ignition bridge layer between 0.2 and 2 ⁇ m allows a fairly large surface area of the ignition bridge and good possibilities of variation due to the length and width of the ignition bridge in the preferred range of the total electrical resistance of the ignition bridge layer of 0.5 up to approx. 200 ⁇ .
- the method required for producing an ignition element according to the invention is described in claim 11, wherein the temperature of about 350 ° Celsius, which is quite low compared to conventional tempering processes, is particularly advantageous for hydrogen storage. While the process time increases significantly at lower temperatures (below 300 ° Celsius), the decomposition process of the titanium hydride already begins at higher temperatures (above 400 ° Celsius), so that hydrogen is not stored or only under considerably more difficult process conditions (pressure ect.) becomes possible. If the hafnium content is high, the temperature resistance increases.
- All manufacturing steps are compatible for manufacturing in semiconductor factories and can thus be implemented for a large number of ignition elements at the same time by using a silicon wafer as the carrier substrate, which is only sawn after all manufacturing steps.
- Fig. 1 Ignition element with a deposited and structured TiH x - -
- Ignition bridge layer (0.2 ⁇ x ⁇ 2) on a carrier substrate with a thermal insulation layer, Fig.la as a top view without contact metallization,
- Fig.2b as a top view with contact metallization
- Fig. 5 Ignition element with a deposited and structured TiH x ignition bridge layer (0.2 ⁇ x ⁇ 2) on a carrier substrate without a thermal insulation layer and with a directly applied pyrotechnic active compound
- Ignition bridge layer (0.2 ⁇ x ⁇ 2) on a carrier substrate with a thermal insulation layer and with a pyrotechnic active compound applied at a short distance
- FIG. 8 Ignition element with an insulation layer on the ignition bridge It is of fundamental importance for all of the exemplary embodiments shown below that all manufacturing steps and layers are compatible by means of semiconductor processes. Only one thin-film ignition element is shown; however, this is implemented with a large number of identical ignition elements on a semiconductor substrate wafer. In principle, however, it is also possible to use a different carrier substrate, for example a glass or ceramic surface, instead of a semiconductor substrate.
- a different carrier substrate for example a glass or ceramic surface, instead of a semiconductor substrate.
- the representation of the layer thicknesses, widths and lengths is schematic and not to scale.
- FIG. 1 shows an ignition element with a deposited, structured and hydrogenated ignition bridge layer 2 made of TiH x . ( o , 2 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 2) and / or hafnium hydride HfH x . ( o , o 25 ⁇ x ⁇ 2) on a carrier substrate 4 with a thermal insulation layer 3.
- the thermal insulation layer 3 is designed as a closed epitaxially deposited SiO 2 layer. In principle, however, this can also be produced by oxidation of a silicon substrate surface. In addition, other materials are also suitable for thermal insulation, but it is essential for the function that the ignition bridge layer 2 is electrically short-circuited neither by the thermal insulation layer 3 nor by the carrier substrate 4, if the thermal insulation layer 3 is omitted.
- the contact surfaces 21 (see FIG. 1 a) of the ignition bridge layer are made wider in order to achieve the lowest possible contact resistance to the contacts 1.
- the contacts 1 are realized as an Al layer or another layer made of a highly conductive material (see FIGS. 1b and 1c) in order to facilitate contacting.
- the dimensions of the contact surfaces 21 depend on the contacting conditions required in each case.
- FIG. 1c shows the sequence of the layers again on average, the variable thickness d of the thermal insulation layer 3 influencing the ignition point and the minimum required ignition voltage. If current flows through the ignition bridge layer 2, the time until the critical decomposition temperature is reached depends essentially on the thermal conductivity of the insulation layer 3. Can a larger amount of heat to flow through the insulation layer 3 to the carrier substrate 4, so the ignition timing is delayed or a higher power must be implemented, which means a higher ignition voltage.
- the hafnium and / or titanium hydride layer 2 can also be deposited directly on the carrier substrate 4 if a delay in the ignition timing is desired or the ignition voltage is chosen to be high and the carrier substrate is also not electrically conductive.
- the contacts 1 are again deposited on the structured ignition bridge layer 2 (cf. FIGS. 2b and 2c).
- FIG. 4 shows the basic circuit diagram of the ignition circuit.
- the ignition takes place by applying an electrical voltage u in the low-voltage range to the metallized contacts 1.
- the ignition bridge 2 heats up, which is then caused by its heating. and the chemical decomposition (release of reactive hydrogen) and a plasma discharge initiate the ignition process in the pyrotechnic active mass 5 lying directly on top (cf. FIG. 5).
- the hot metal atoms and the pressure lead to extensive ignition.
- the pyrotechnic active mass 5 can be arranged directly on the ignition bridge layer 2 (see FIG. 5) in order to use the direct heat conduction in addition to the hydrogen reaction and plasma effect. Or a short distance 7 is realized by means of distance-determining intermediate layers 6 to the ignition - bridge layer 2 (see FIG. 6), in order primarily to utilize the pure plasma effect.
- FIG. 7 now shows yet another embodiment in which the ignition bridge layer 2 is contacted in the area of the contact surfaces 21 from the lower side opposite the pyrotechnic active mass.
- the contacts 1 are, for example, embedded in the upper side of the carrier substrate. Between the contacts 1 and under the effective area of the ignition bridge layer 2, the thermal insulation layer 3 is provided, which thermally and electrically insulates the ignition bridge layer 2 from the carrier substrate 4.
- the carrier substrate has interconnect regions 4.1, which are made, for example, of highly doped carrier substrate material (Si).
- the two interconnect areas 4.1 are isolated from one another by an isolation trench 4.2 in the carrier substrate 4.
- the advantage of this exemplary embodiment is the omission of an AI layer and external connections to the contacts.
- the contact between the pyrotechnic active compound and the ignition bridge layer is simplified and improved.
- FIG. 8 again shows in section an embodiment of a further development of the invention, according to which an insulation layer 7 is deposited on the ignition bridge layer 2 in the effective region of the ignition bridge between the contacts 1.
- an insulation layer 7 made of oxide material, for example, can accelerate the heating process of the ignition bridge layer to the temperature required for the decomposition by increasing the pressure.
- the thickness of the layer and its structure (local tapering of the insulation layer 7 as a predetermined breaking point ect.) Is chosen so that after the release of the reactive hydrogen and the beginning expansion, the insulation layer 7 opens at a predetermined pressure and the hot hydrogen gas as well the hot particles of the ignition bridge layer and, if developing, the plasma can get to or into the pyrotechnic active mass 5.
- the insulation layer 7 is only so thick that it is destroyed directly at the start of the reaction of the ignition bridge layer 2.
- the insulation layer 7 can consist of a material or a sequence of layers in which at least the layer directly on the ignition bridge layer 2 lying must be electrically insulating so that the ignition bridge layer 2 is not bridged.
- a partial metal deposition as a cover layer of the insulation layer 7 is, however, conceivable, since the reflection on the metallized cover layer reflects the heat back into the ignition bridge layer 2 before the insulation layer 7 is destroyed and thus heats it up more quickly.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
Abstract
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE1997121929 DE19721929C1 (de) | 1997-05-26 | 1997-05-26 | Dünnschichtanzündelement für pyrotechnische Wirkmassen |
DE19721929 | 1997-05-26 | ||
DE19732380 | 1997-07-25 | ||
DE1997132380 DE19732380B4 (de) | 1997-07-25 | 1997-07-25 | Anzündelement für pyrotechnische Wirkmassen mit einer Dämmschicht |
PCT/EP1998/003009 WO1998054535A1 (fr) | 1997-05-26 | 1998-05-22 | Element d'allumage a couche mince pour matieres actives pyrotechniques et son procede de fabrication |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0914587A1 true EP0914587A1 (fr) | 1999-05-12 |
EP0914587B1 EP0914587B1 (fr) | 2002-10-16 |
Family
ID=26036837
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98929356A Expired - Lifetime EP0914587B1 (fr) | 1997-05-26 | 1998-05-22 | Element d'allumage a couche mince pour matieres actives pyrotechniques et son procede de fabrication |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0914587B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP3772312B2 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE59805957D1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1998054535A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2807157B1 (fr) * | 2000-04-04 | 2003-01-31 | Vishay Sa | Element resistif pour initiateur pyrotechnique |
EP1315941B1 (fr) * | 2000-09-07 | 2006-04-05 | Nknm Limited | Dispositif electro-explosif muni d'un pont lamine et methode de fabrication de ce pont |
DE10204833B4 (de) * | 2002-02-06 | 2005-11-10 | Trw Airbag Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg | Mikroelektronisch-Pyrotechnisches Bauteil |
US7557433B2 (en) | 2004-10-25 | 2009-07-07 | Mccain Joseph H | Microelectronic device with integrated energy source |
JP2007024327A (ja) * | 2005-07-12 | 2007-02-01 | Matsuo Electric Co Ltd | 電気式点火装置用イグナイター |
EP1933108B1 (fr) | 2005-09-07 | 2014-03-26 | Nippon Kayaku Kabushiki Kaisha | Pont semi-conducteur, allumeur et générateur de gaz |
CN103017197B (zh) * | 2011-09-23 | 2014-10-01 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十八研究所 | 一种无引线封装薄膜桥发火器的制造方法 |
CN105674808B (zh) * | 2016-02-26 | 2017-10-31 | 中国振华集团云科电子有限公司 | 一种片式合金箔点火电阻器及其制备方法 |
CN106765308A (zh) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-05-31 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十八研究所 | 一种直插式薄膜桥点火器及其制备方法 |
CN111174652B (zh) * | 2019-09-30 | 2022-09-27 | 深圳市开步电子有限公司 | 一种起爆电阻及爆破装置 |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4484523A (en) * | 1983-03-28 | 1984-11-27 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Detonator, solid state type I film bridge |
US4708060A (en) | 1985-02-19 | 1987-11-24 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Semiconductor bridge (SCB) igniter |
US5348597A (en) * | 1988-11-10 | 1994-09-20 | Composite Materials Technology, Inc. | Propellant formulation and process containing bi-metallic metal mixture |
US5080016A (en) | 1991-03-20 | 1992-01-14 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Energy | Hydrogen loaded metal for bridge-foils for enhanced electric gun/slapper detonator operation |
DE4222223C1 (de) | 1992-07-07 | 1994-03-17 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Elektrische Anzünd-/Zündmittel |
FR2738334A1 (fr) * | 1995-09-05 | 1997-03-07 | Motorola Semiconducteurs | Dispositif allumeur a semiconducteur, pour declenchement pyrotechnique, et procede de formation d'un tel dispositif |
-
1998
- 1998-05-22 DE DE59805957T patent/DE59805957D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-05-22 JP JP50020199A patent/JP3772312B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-05-22 WO PCT/EP1998/003009 patent/WO1998054535A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1998-05-22 EP EP98929356A patent/EP0914587B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9854535A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE59805957D1 (de) | 2002-11-21 |
EP0914587B1 (fr) | 2002-10-16 |
WO1998054535A1 (fr) | 1998-12-03 |
JP3772312B2 (ja) | 2006-05-10 |
JP2001505646A (ja) | 2001-04-24 |
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