EP0914243A1 - Procede et installation d'extraction en continu d'un liquide contenu dans une matiere premiere - Google Patents
Procede et installation d'extraction en continu d'un liquide contenu dans une matiere premiereInfo
- Publication number
- EP0914243A1 EP0914243A1 EP97920779A EP97920779A EP0914243A1 EP 0914243 A1 EP0914243 A1 EP 0914243A1 EP 97920779 A EP97920779 A EP 97920779A EP 97920779 A EP97920779 A EP 97920779A EP 0914243 A1 EP0914243 A1 EP 0914243A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- screws
- pressing
- zone
- extrusion machine
- filtration
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
- B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
- B30B9/12—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using pressing worms or screws co-operating with a permeable casing
- B30B9/16—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using pressing worms or screws co-operating with a permeable casing operating with two or more screws or worms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
- B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
- B30B9/12—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using pressing worms or screws co-operating with a permeable casing
- B30B9/16—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using pressing worms or screws co-operating with a permeable casing operating with two or more screws or worms
- B30B9/163—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using pressing worms or screws co-operating with a permeable casing operating with two or more screws or worms working in different chambers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/06—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by pressing
- C11B1/08—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by pressing by hot pressing
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process and an installation for continuously extracting a liquid contained in a raw material.
- the present invention applies for example to the extraction of oil from an oleaginous or oleoproteinous raw material, algae, plants or even citrus fruits.
- thermomechanical preparation phase the raw material first undergoes a so-called thermomechanical preparation phase, followed by a pressing phase carried out in flat presses or in single-screw filters so as to collect more or less dry residues.
- the residues are processed in a solvent extraction unit, conventionally n-hexane, which finally allows a residue to be obtained having a residual liquid content varying from 1 to 3% by weight.
- the object of the invention is to propose a method for extracting a liquid contained in a raw material, which makes it possible to considerably reduce the time necessary for the extraction of the liquid and therefore the energy consumption.
- the subject of the invention is therefore a process for the continuous extraction of a liquid contained in a raw material, such as for example an oleaginous or oil-proteinaceous material, characterized in that:
- a second part of the extrusion machine comprising two co-rotating mono-screws carried by parallel axes integral with the axes of the screws of the first part and driven in rotation inside a second elongated sheath provided with independent bores and communicating with each other not a light, at least one pressing and one filtration are carried out to recover the liquid from the material leaving the first part of the extrusion machine,
- the first and second cooking are carried out at a temperature between 90 and 150 ° C
- the invention also relates to an installation for continuously extracting a liquid contained in a raw material, characterized in that it comprises an extrusion machine comprising: - a first part formed by two co-rotating screws and co- penetrating driven in rotation about parallel axes inside a first elongated sheath and provided with intersecting bores and determining :. an area for introducing and transporting the material,
- a second part formed by two co-rotating single-screws carried by parallel axes integral with the axes of the screws of the first part and driven in rotation inside a second elongated sheath provided with independent bores and communicating with each other by a lumen and determining at least one pressing and filtration zone for recovering the liquid from the material leaving the first part of the extrusion machine,
- the screws of the first part have, in the areas of transport, mixing and cooking and pressing and filtration, a variable pitch,
- the first sleeve comprises, in said pressing and filtration zone, a filtering surface formed by holes distributed over a portion of the periphery of said sleeve,
- the screws of the first part are provided, in the compression and shearing zone of threads with inverted pitch relative to the direction of transport of the material and provided with openings for passage downstream of a controlled flow of material ,
- each single screw, in the pressing and filtration zone of the second part has a compression ratio of less than 8 and preferably between 1.1 and 4, - the pitch of the single screw is, in the zone of pressing and filtration of the second part, constant and the diameter of the axis of each of said single-screw increases in the direction of flow of the material,
- the pitch of the single-screws gradually tightens in the direction of flow of the material and the diameter of the axis of each of said single-screws is constant
- the second sleeve comprises, in said pressing and filtration zone, a filtering surface formed of holes distributed over a portion of the periphery of said sleeve,
- the filtering surface has a transparency between 3 and 50% and preferably between 5 and 20%
- the compression and extrusion zone of the third part is formed by a die comprising at least one insert movable longitudinally and determining with the end of each single-screw, an adjustable air gap.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view in a vertical plane passing through the axis of a screw of an extraction installation according to the invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view in cross section of the extraction installation according to the invention
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view along line 3-3 of FIG. 2,
- FIG. 4 is a sectional view along line 4-4 of FIG. 2.
- a raw material such as for example an oleaginous or oil-proteinaceous material and in particular citrus fruits, plants or algae.
- This extraction installation consists of an extrusion machine designated as a whole by the reference 1 and which comprises three parts, respectively A, B and C.
- the extrusion machine 1 is supplied at its upstream end with raw material via an orifice 2 connected to a supply hopper 3 which is itself supplied with raw material by means of a hopper storage 4 and a doser 5, of the weight or volumetric type.
- the first part A of the extrusion machine 1 comprises two co-rotating and co-penetrating screws, respectively 10a and 10b, driven in rotation about parallel axes, respectively 11a and 11b, inside 'a first sleeve 12.
- the screws 10a and 10b are rotated by an assembly, not shown, consisting of a motor, a geared motor and a gearbox. As shown in Figs.
- the screws 10a and 10b are provided with helical threads which mesh with one another, and the internal wall of the sheath 12 has two intersecting bores, respectively 12a and 12b, with an inside diameter slightly greater than the outside diameter of the threads of screws 10a and 10b. These threads are nested inside each other and the two screws 10a and 10b are driven at the same speed of rotation and in the same direction so that the two screws 10a and 10b are identical, the threads being simply offset by one compared to others.
- the screws 10a and 10b advantageously consist of canne ⁇ les shafts, respectively 13a and 13b, on which are screw sections.
- the internal bore of each of these sections is provided with grooves corresponding to those of the fluted shaft and the external part is provided with helical threads whose pitch differs according to the section considered for transporting and processing the raw material. .
- the first part A of the extrusion machine 1 consists of several successive zones each corresponding to a particular phase of the extraction process according to the invention.
- the first part A of the extrusion machine 1 comprises:
- a first zone A2 for kneading and cooking the material at least one zone A3 for pressing and filtering to recover part of the liquid contained in said material,
- the screws 10a and 10b comprise threads 20 with a wide pitch in order to ensure the transfer of the material introduced through the orifice 2 which opens widely on the two screws 10a and 10b to distribute said material in the threads 20.
- the sheath 12 is provided with heating means 14 constituted by a circuit for circulation of a heat transfer fluid or by an electric heating member, for example by induction.
- These heating means 14 allow the material to be cooked at a temperature between 90 and 150 ° C.
- the screws 10a and 10b are provided with threads 22 with tight pitch so as to press the material to recover the liquid contained in this material.
- the sheath 12 is provided with a filtering surface formed by holes 15 distributed over a portion of the periphery of said sheath 12, cor re ⁇ presented in FIG. 3.
- the screws 10a and 10b are provided with counter threads 23, that is to say threads with reverse pitch which have openings 24 extending radially from the axis of the screw to the periphery of the thread and evenly distributed around the axis.
- counter threads 23 that is to say threads with reverse pitch which have openings 24 extending radially from the axis of the screw to the periphery of the thread and evenly distributed around the axis.
- the screws 10a and 10b are provided with threads 25 with tight pitch and counter threads 26, that is to say threads with reverse pitch comprising openings 27 extending radially from the axis of the screw to the periphery of the thread and distributed regularly around the axis.
- the sheath 12 is provided with heating means 16 constituted by a circuit for circulation of a heat transfer fluid or by an electric heating member, for example by induction.
- the second part B of the extrusion machine 1 is formed of two co-rotating single screws, respectively 30a and 30b, carried by parallel axes, respectively 31a and 31b, integral with axes lia and 11b screws 10a and 10b of the first part A of the extrusion machine 1.
- the screws 30a and 30b are rotated inside a second elongated sheath 40 provided with bores, 40a and 40b respectively, for each of the screws 30a and 30b.
- These bores 40a and 40b are independent and communicate with each other by a light 32 allowing passage of the material between the two bores 40a and 40b of the sleeve 40.
- the screws 30a and 30b determine at least one zone Bl and B2 of pressing and filtration to recover the liquid from the material leaving the first part A of said extrusion machine 1.
- this area is formed of a first zone Bl in which the screws 30a and 30b are provided with threads 33 with a wide pitch and a zone B2 in which the screws 30a and 30b are provided with threads 34 with tight pitch.
- each single screw 30a and 30b has a compression ratio of less than 8 and preferably between 1.1 and 4.
- the pitch of the single screws 30a and 30b tightens in the direction of flow of the material and the diameter of the axis 31a and 31b of each of said mono - screw is constant.
- the second sheath 40 has a filtering surface formed of holes 41 distributed over a portion of the periphery of said sheath 40.
- the pressing and filtration zone comprises a first series of holes 41 of diameter 0.5t ⁇ n over a length of 55mm, a second series of holes of diameter 0.6mm over a length of 70mm and a third series of holes of 41 with a diameter of 0.8mm over a length of 90mm.
- Each of these series of holes 41 is characterized by its percentage of transparency.
- This transparency is defined as the ratio of the surface generated by the holes to the total interior surface of a bore.
- the third part C of the extrusion machine 1 determines a zone C1 for compression and extrusion of the dry residue of said material.
- This zone C1 is formed by a die 50 which comprises an insert 51 cooperating with the tip of each single screw 30a and 30b and determining an air gap 52 and an outlet channel 53 of the dry residue.
- the air gap 52 is adjustable by the insert 51 which is mounted movable longitudinally by suitable means, not shown.
- At least one pressing and filtration is carried out to recover the liquid still contained in the material leaving the first part A and in the third part C of said extrusion machine 1 , the dry residue of the material is compressed and extruded.
- the content of residual liquid in the dry residue leaving the extrusion machine is less than 15%.
- the operating parameters for implementing the extrusion machine 1 according to the invention vary depending on the type of material. These parameters determine the effectiveness of the solid / liquid separation, i.e. the efficiency of liquid extraction.
- the material feed rate influences the filling rate of the screws and this rate is controlled, for example, by the weight or volumetric metering device 5.
- the configuration of the screws determines the state of transformation of the material and therefore the physical and physico-chemical characteristics of the product during the different treatment phases.
- the configuration of the single-screws influences the pressing dynamics and the compression rate.
- the configuration of these screws fixes the pressing rate which is equal to the ratio of the quantity of material to be pressed contained in a thread pitch over the time necessary to perform a complete rotation of this pitch .
- the speed of rotation of the screws determines, for a given flow rate, the residence time of the material within the zone considered which contributes to the conditioning of this material at the entrance to the pressing and filtration zone.
- the configuration of the die is transcribed by three elements, the air gap, the insert and the taper of the points of the single-screws.
- the air gap makes it possible to create a more or less significant material retention at the level of the die.
- the air gap therefore acts on the residence time of material and the insert makes it possible to recreate a material retention downstream of this air gap.
- This element therefore makes it possible to act on the residence time of the material, but also on the time of pressing of this material within the air gap and on its degree of crushing.
- the taper of the points of the single-screws makes it possible to modify the flow in the air gap and to modify the pressure in the die.
- the pressing and filtration zone by its geometrical characteristics, influences the quantities of liquid extracted and the liquid content of the dry residue leaving the extrusion machine.
- the temperature of the heating means makes it possible to regulate the heat losses or to heat the material also resulting in a modification of the flow within the extrusion machine, as well as within the die.
- Tests have been carried out on rapeseed seeds and pure almonds of rapeseed 00.
- the extrusion machine has the following configuration, for a bore diameter of 55.5mm in the first part A provided with co-rotating and co-penetrating screws and a bore diameter of 45.5mm in the second part B fitted with single screw.
- the operating parameters are as follows:
- diameter of the drainage channel 16mm. length of the drainage channel: 6mm
- the dry matter content in the oil collected is less than 10%.
- the residual oil content in the meal is around 12%.
- the extrusion machine has the configuration shown in the table below for a bore diameter of 55.5 mm in zone A with co-rotating and co-penetrating screws and a bore diameter of 45, 5mm in part B with single screws.
- the operating parameters are as follows:
- diameter of the discharge channel 6 ⁇ m. length of the drainage channel: 6mm
- the dry matter content in the oil collected is less than 10%.
- the residual oil content in the cake is about 15 ⁇
- the extrusion machine has the configuration indicated in the table below, the other parameters being identical to those of Example 1.
- the operating parameters are as follows:
- diameter of the drainage channel lmm. length of the drainage channel: 6mm
- the mechanical and thermal powers consumed are approximately 35kW / t and 15kW / t respectively.
- the dry matter content in the oil collected is approximately 10%.
- the residual oil content in the meal is less than 15%.
- the extrusion machine according to the invention can comprise intermediate introductions of raw material in order to introduce fresh raw material, or additives or adjuvants, for example water.
- the extrusion machine according to the invention can be used alone, in single pressure processes or upstream of a solvent extraction unit or in pre-pressure processes.
- the single pressure can be applied in the case of marginal crops such as castor or flax which requires relatively low pressing capacity, and for which the installation of solvent extraction unit is not not always desirable given its cost.
- this extru ⁇ sion machine can be installed to replace all the traditional equipment either within small decentralized units, or within large pressing units for specific work.
- the extrusion machine In pre-pressure, the extrusion machine can be installed in large pressing units, as the only equipment, upstream of the solvent extraction unit.
- the extrusion machine according to the invention offers multiple advantages.
- thermo-mechanical transformation processes are energy and material savings, thanks to the integration in a single machine of several thermo-mechanical transformation processes.
- the extrusion machine allows savings in energy consumption of up to 50%.
- Another advantage lies in the integration within the same equipment of the functions of kneading, grinding, cooking and pressing.
- the total control of the extrusion machine can be manual or computer assisted.
- the modifications of the operating parameters are done with very short response times.
- the extrusion machine is modular and versatile. It allows, by easy disassembly of its constituent elements, to modify at will the configuration of the screws and other elements. This allows the treatment of different types of materials with short modification times of the equipment and without this leading to very large investments or long immobilization times.
- the oil cake is produced in the form of pellets and has a good ability to percolate during a possible solvent extraction phase later.
- the extrusion machine can also replace the use of expanders on certain production lines.
- the meal can be recovered directly on the same production site.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
- Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
- General Preparation And Processing Of Foods (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9606006 | 1996-05-14 | ||
FR9606006A FR2748685B1 (fr) | 1996-05-14 | 1996-05-14 | Procede et installation d'extraction en continu d'un liquide contenu dans une matiere premiere |
PCT/FR1997/000696 WO1997043113A1 (fr) | 1996-05-14 | 1997-04-17 | Procede et installation d'extraction en continu d'un liquide contenu dans une matiere premiere |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0914243A1 true EP0914243A1 (fr) | 1999-05-12 |
EP0914243B1 EP0914243B1 (fr) | 2000-01-12 |
Family
ID=9492128
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97920779A Expired - Lifetime EP0914243B1 (fr) | 1996-05-14 | 1997-04-17 | Procede et installation d'extraction en continu d'un liquide contenu dans une matiere premiere |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0914243B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE188645T1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69701151T2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2748685B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1997043113A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19706803C2 (de) * | 1997-02-21 | 2000-03-02 | Klaus Buttchereit | Einrichtung zur Verwendung eines Großwolfes zur mechanischen Trockenextraktion und Zerkleinerung organischer Rohstoffe |
NL1007588C2 (nl) * | 1997-11-20 | 1999-05-25 | Inst Voor Agrotech Onderzoek | Werkwijze voor het extraheren van een substantie uit een uitgangsmateriaal alsmede extractie-inrichting voor het uitvoeren van de werkwijze. |
US6076279A (en) * | 1998-01-09 | 2000-06-20 | Finbark Oy | Method and a device for improving liquid removal |
FR2780410B1 (fr) * | 1998-06-25 | 2000-09-15 | Toulousaine De Rech Et De Dev | Procede et dispositif pour l'extraction d'huile de graines oleagineuses |
FR2791601B1 (fr) * | 1999-03-31 | 2001-06-01 | Philippe Guyomard | Procede et installation d'extraction d'un liquide contenu dans une matiere premiere |
ITMO20060207A1 (it) * | 2006-06-27 | 2007-12-28 | Wam Spa | Coclea da utilizzarsi per trasportatori, compattatori e simili. |
FR2923587B1 (fr) * | 2007-11-12 | 2017-10-20 | Ecole Nat Superieure Des Techniques Ind Et Des Mines D'albi Carmaux | Procede de deshydratation mecanique assistee thermiquement |
CN101879788A (zh) * | 2010-03-26 | 2010-11-10 | 何学文 | 一种泥水分离机 |
FR3052064B1 (fr) * | 2016-06-01 | 2020-01-24 | Sirius | Procede d'obtention d'emulsion stable a partir de graines entieres oleo-proteagineuses, l'emulsion obtenue et les compositions cosmetiques comprenant ladite emulsion |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH662531A5 (de) * | 1983-09-30 | 1987-10-15 | Netstal Ag Maschf Giesserei | Schnecken-plastifizier- und foerdereinrichtung einer kunststoff-spritzgiessmaschine. |
JPS6083799A (ja) * | 1983-10-17 | 1985-05-13 | Mitsubishi Kakoki Kaisha Ltd | 圧搾抽出装置 |
FR2566700B1 (fr) * | 1984-06-27 | 1987-01-23 | Clextral | Procede de traitement de matiere par extrusion et machine a plusieurs vis pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede |
CN86102620A (zh) * | 1985-04-17 | 1986-11-05 | 克莱克斯特拉尔 | 提取动物脂肪的设备及加工方法 |
FR2601380B1 (fr) * | 1986-07-08 | 1989-08-18 | Clextral | Procede et dispositif pour la fabrication en continu de combustibles mixtes a base de matieres organiques et de matieres hydrocarbonees |
JP2764068B2 (ja) * | 1988-11-30 | 1998-06-11 | 株式会社スエヒロイー・ピー・エム | 二軸型押出搾油・搾汁機械 |
JP2733689B2 (ja) * | 1989-05-09 | 1998-03-30 | 東芝機械株式会社 | ベント型押出機の安定押出装置 |
-
1996
- 1996-05-14 FR FR9606006A patent/FR2748685B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1997
- 1997-04-17 WO PCT/FR1997/000696 patent/WO1997043113A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1997-04-17 EP EP97920779A patent/EP0914243B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-04-17 DE DE69701151T patent/DE69701151T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-04-17 AT AT97920779T patent/ATE188645T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9743113A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69701151T2 (de) | 2000-05-25 |
DE69701151D1 (de) | 2000-02-17 |
FR2748685B1 (fr) | 1998-08-14 |
EP0914243B1 (fr) | 2000-01-12 |
FR2748685A1 (fr) | 1997-11-21 |
WO1997043113A1 (fr) | 1997-11-20 |
ATE188645T1 (de) | 2000-01-15 |
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