EP0913662B1 - Hohlladungsprojektil und dazugehöriges Waffensystem - Google Patents

Hohlladungsprojektil und dazugehöriges Waffensystem Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0913662B1
EP0913662B1 EP98402704A EP98402704A EP0913662B1 EP 0913662 B1 EP0913662 B1 EP 0913662B1 EP 98402704 A EP98402704 A EP 98402704A EP 98402704 A EP98402704 A EP 98402704A EP 0913662 B1 EP0913662 B1 EP 0913662B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
charge
distance
initiation
shooter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
EP98402704A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0913662A1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Luc Renaud-Bezot
Jean-Marie Montigny
Marc Reuche
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Giat Industries SA
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Giat Industries SA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0913662A1 publication Critical patent/EP0913662A1/de
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Publication of EP0913662B1 publication Critical patent/EP0913662B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C11/00—Electric fuzes
    • F42C11/06—Electric fuzes with time delay by electric circuitry
    • F42C11/065—Programmable electronic delay initiators in projectiles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A1/00—Missile propulsion characterised by the use of explosive or combustible propellant charges
    • F41A1/08—Recoilless guns, i.e. guns having propulsion means producing no recoil
    • F41A1/10—Recoilless guns, i.e. guns having propulsion means producing no recoil a counter projectile being used to balance recoil
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41F—APPARATUS FOR LAUNCHING PROJECTILES OR MISSILES FROM BARRELS, e.g. CANNONS; LAUNCHERS FOR ROCKETS OR TORPEDOES; HARPOON GUNS
    • F41F3/00—Rocket or torpedo launchers
    • F41F3/04—Rocket or torpedo launchers for rockets
    • F41F3/045—Rocket or torpedo launchers for rockets adapted to be carried and used by a person, e.g. bazookas
    • F41F3/0455—Bazookas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/04—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type
    • F42B12/10—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C17/00—Fuze-setting apparatus
    • F42C17/04—Fuze-setting apparatus for electric fuzes

Definitions

  • the subject of the invention is a projectile intended to be launched by a shooter towards a target using a firing device, and comprising a military head with charge formed.
  • Known projectiles usually have one or more several shaped charges which are triggered at an optimal distance from the target by means of a impact contactor.
  • the patent FR2718842 thus describes a such projectile with charge formed.
  • Armored or lightly armored vehicles are more and more often endowed with means of protection which detect the approach of anti-tank projectiles driven by light systems.
  • These protective means may include means of response, like grenades, which are thrown in front of the projectile and which initiate it from a distance of the target thus reducing the piercing efficiency of the projectile.
  • Protective means may also include masking or decoy systems which disturb the sensors carried by the projectile and prevent it from being fire.
  • the subject of the invention is a projectile intended to be launched by a gunner in the direction of a target equipped with protection means, by means of a firing device, and comprising a military charge head formed whose axis is confused with that of the projectile, charge the initiation of which is brought about on trajectory and at a given distance from the firing device by a firing device, characterized in that the charge formed is a charge generating a nucleus, in that the projectile has a geometry giving it a positive static margin, and in that the firing device causes the initiation of the charge formed between a distance D1 of the shooter of the order of 30 m so that this shooter does not receive fragments and a distance D2 of the target of up to 200 m, so as to prevent the projectile from being disturbed by the means of protection of the target.
  • the projectile comprises a means for receiving a signal transmitted by the device of fire, signal intended to control the setting device fire.
  • the device firing includes a means of detecting the firing of the projectile, a chronometric means counting down a delay interval from projectile fire and a means of initiating the charge at the end of this time interval.
  • the chronometry means may include a delay pyrotechnic composition initiated by a igniter when fired.
  • the chronometry means may include a rocket mechanical or electronic. This rocket will advantageously programmable.
  • the projectile includes a sensor attitude to determine the inclination of his axis relative to a firing direction, the initiation of the load only allowed if this angle is zero or minimal.
  • the projectile comprises a safety prohibiting any initiation of the load if the projectile is at a distance from the shooter less than the minimum distance D1m.
  • the firing device causes initiation of the charge formed at a distance from the shooter at least equal to the minimum distance D1m.
  • the invention also relates to a weapon system using such a projectile, weapon system characterized in that it comprises a launching tube containing the projectile and a propellant charge, tube carrying sighting means and triggering means of the projectile.
  • This weapon system may include means of programming of a projectile rocket.
  • It may also include telemetry means, calculation means and a transmitter intended to transmit to the projectile on trajectory a firing order.
  • a weapon system 1 comprises a launch tube 2 inside which is disposed a projectile 3, a propellant charge 4, and a counterweight dispersible 5.
  • the tube 2 also carries sighting means 6 (which may advantageously include a laser rangefinder) and a firing handle 7 provided with a trigger 8 making it possible to trigger the propellant charge 4 (by example by striking an igniter 9) and firing the projectile 3.
  • sighting means 6 which may advantageously include a laser rangefinder
  • firing handle 7 provided with a trigger 8 making it possible to trigger the propellant charge 4 (by example by striking an igniter 9) and firing the projectile 3.
  • the structure of the counter mass, of the charge propellant as well as means allowing its ignition are well known to those skilled in the art and therefore will not be described in more detail.
  • the tube 2 can also carry programming means 10 for a rocket of the projectile 3, means constituted by an electronic box endowed with a keyboard or an adjustment button and connected by a wire 11 to projectile.
  • the tube may also carry a transmitter 12 intended for transmit a path 13 to the projectile.
  • the transmitter will advantageously be a laser transmitter and can use the laser source of the rangefinder.
  • Projectile 3 includes a military head 14 with charge nucleus generator.
  • Load axis 38 is the same with that of the projectile, the charge being arranged so to generate a nucleus in the direction of flight of the projectile.
  • This load consists of a coating 15 applied on an explosive charge 16 whose initiation is controlled by a firing device 17.
  • the core generating charges are described by example by patent FR2632394. They do not generate a jet like shaped charges, but a projectile (or nucleus) with a speed of the order of 2000 m / s, nucleus whose elongation and rear skirt provide trajectory stability up to distances of more than 200 m.
  • the firing device 17 is arranged in a rear body 18 of the projectile, body on which are fixed deployable stabilizing fins 19.
  • a ballistic warhead 20 protects the coating 15 of the external environment.
  • the geometry and the mass distribution of the projectile will be defined so that it has a margin positive static (distance between the center of gravity and the focus of aerodynamic forces). That is to say a projectile such that its center of gravity is located in front of the aerodynamic focus (the latter is generally at the connection between the part before the tail and the body of the projectile).
  • Such a provision will reduce the incidence maximum that the projectile undergoes in the first moments of its trajectory (angle between the axis 38 of the projectile and the target direction).
  • Those skilled in the art will easily define the projectile geometry so that this incidence be reduced.
  • FIG. 2 shows schematically a first embodiment of the firing device 17.
  • This device constitutes here a programmable electronic rocket comprising a computer 21, and a chronometry or clock means 22 (these components can be produced in the form of a microprocessor).
  • the rocket also incorporates a source of energy (not shown).
  • the rocket computer 21 is connected to a means 25 detection of the projectile which can for example be constituted by an inertia switch.
  • the computer 21 is intended to deliver a signal of firing an initiation means, such as a detonator 26, which initiates the charge formed 14.
  • an initiation means such as a detonator 26, which initiates the charge formed 14.
  • a security and arming device (not shown) will ensure in a conventional way the misalignment of the detonator and the explosive charge during the projectile storage phases. These measures will ensure the alignment of the detonator during the first meters from the trajectory of the projectile.
  • the computer is also connected by wire 11 to programming means 10 integral with the firing handle.
  • These programming means here include a keyboard 36 and a calculation means 23, itself connected to a display 24 and the sighting means 6.
  • a shooter 27 is equipped with the weapon system 1 according to the invention. It aims at a target 28 (here a tank) with the aiming means 6.
  • the rangefinder equipping the aiming means allows him to measure the distance D which separates him from the target 28.
  • the calculation means 23 receives the information relating to distance D. This information will eventually be validated by the shooter by pressing a button appropriate.
  • the calculation means 23 contains in different memories or registers the ballistic characteristics of the projectile (initial speed, drag coefficient ballistics), features introduced as shooting tables. He therefore deduces the instant at which it must be initiated the charge formed after firing the projectile for the nucleus is formed at a distance from the target D2 equal to about 200 m.
  • the distance D1m is around 30 meters.
  • the display 24 may signal the impossibility of firing, and the shooter can then possibly introduce by the keyboard 22 a distance D2 less than 200m or else choose an automatic charge initiation at the minimum distance D1 which is in memory in the means of calculation (shooting safety distance).
  • the means calculation 23 automatically enters the value of the instant of initiation in a memory or register of the computer 21 of the firing device 17 of the projectile. Programming will be done for example automatically when the shooter validates the choice of aimed target.
  • support on the trigger 8 causes the projectile which follows a ballistic trajectory 29 up to a distance D1 at which the nucleus-generating charge is initiated.
  • the generated nucleus moves towards the target at a speed of the order of 2000 m / s and it retains upon impact a significant perforation capacity.
  • the firing axis of the charge formed (which is also the axis of the projectile) is not far from the trajectory and the initial line of sight.
  • the shot being planned for a short distance 200 m from the target results in a high probability of reaching the target by the formed nucleus (including path deviation is negligible).
  • triggering of the firing of the charge formed 200 m from the target causes a impact of the nucleus generated in a circle of 1.7 m radius around the target point.
  • target acquisition is made before firing and projectile is totally devoid of guiding means or target detection means. It cannot therefore be lured or disturbed by smoke bombs.
  • projectile 3 does not have a ballistic trajectory that on the distance D1 and it is before its firing at a distance from the important target, which prevents this the implementation of response means against the projectile itself.
  • the nucleus formed by the charge is hardly detectable by the means of protection of the vehicle and it has kinetic energy such that it is difficult to disrupt or deflect before impact.
  • This device will include a computer 21 which contains in memory the minimum distance D1m at which the fire must be carried out as well as the data relating to the projectile ballistics. Means 25 will detect the instant of projectile fire and initiation will take place automatically when the projectile is at the safety distance from the shooter, regardless of the distance from the target.
  • This embodiment is more particularly suitable to short-range rustic systems (less than 500m ?).
  • Medium range systems from 500 m to 1000 m or long range will preferably include a programming of the ignition time as described previously.
  • the projectile For large spans we may well obviously equip the projectile with a powder propellant.
  • a projectile with an attitude sensor 37 (such as a gyrometer) which is connected to the computer 21 (see figure 2).
  • This sensor will permanently determine what is the angle of incidence of the projectile (and therefore of the axis 38 of the load 14) relative to the intended direction.
  • the algorithm contained in the calculator will then be defined so as to authorize the initiation of charge 14 only when this angle is zero (or minimum). This increases the probability of reaching the target even for a triggering at a large distance from the target (greater than 200m).
  • FIG. 3 Another embodiment of a projectile according to the invention is shown in Figure 3. This mode of realization also includes a firing device 17 which is not programmable before firing.
  • the delay in igniting the charge is obtained by a chronometric means which is a pyrotechnic composition delay 30, itself initiated by an igniter 31 at moment of projectile firing.
  • the projectile will of course also include a security and arming device (not shown) which ensure, during the storage phases and during first meters of trajectory, the misalignment of the detonator 26 and explosive charge 16.
  • the igniter will for example be initiated by the gases generated by the charge propellant 4.
  • the pyrotechnic delay will conventionally be a composition combining oxidizing, reducing and binding (by example a Zirconium / Chromate composition of Barium / binder).
  • This embodiment is extremely rustic and not very expensive. It is also suitable for shooting systems short range.
  • Figure 4a shows a projectile according to a third embodiment of the invention.
  • the firing device 17 includes a computer 21 and a means of detecting the shot 25.
  • It also includes a reception means formed by an infrared laser radiation sensor 32 which is oriented towards the rear of the projectile to receive a signal 13 issued by the weapon system.
  • Sensor 32 is protected from shooting constraints by a window 33 transparent arranged in the bottom wall 34 of the body 18.
  • the signals supplied by the sensor 32 are processed by an electronic processing module 35 which ensures a setting shaped signals and a conversion analog / digital.
  • Module 35 provides the programming signals to the calculator 21.
  • FIG. 4b represents the programming means 10 carried by the weapon system and adapted to this mode particular achievement.
  • These programming means 10 also include a keyboard 22 and a calculation means 23, itself connected to a display 24 and aiming and telemetry means 6.
  • the calculation means delivers the programming signal to an infrared laser transmitter 12 which can advantageously be constituted by the rangefinder 6 itself.
  • the programming signal for the ignition time is no longer transmitted by a wire but by the laser transmitter 12.
  • Such an embodiment makes it possible to take account of the actual initial velocity of the projectile which will be measured by rangefinder 6 and which will correct the value of programming calculated by the calculation means 23 in depending on the ballistic characteristics of the projectile.
  • the programming will be transmitted to the projectile in the first meters of the trajectory of the projectile.
  • the projectile according to this embodiment may also include a gyrometer connected to the computer for determine the angle of incidence of the projectile relative to the intended direction and only authorize the initiation of the charge only when this angle is zero or minimal.
  • the transmission of the order will then take place at a distance from the shooter which will be greater than or equal to the safety distance D1m.
  • the main advantage of such a variant will be simplify the firing device 17 which may not include for example a detection and detection system in the form of the signal directly coupled to the detonator 26.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Projektil (3), das dafür vorgesehen ist, von einem Schützen in Richtung eines mit Schutzmitteln ausgerüsteten Zieles mit Hilfe einer Abschussvorrichtung abgefeuert zu werden, und einen militärischen Gefechtskopf (14) mit geformter Ladung umfasst, dessen Achse (38) mit der des Projektils zusammenfällt, wobei die Auslösung der Ladung auf der Flugbahn und bei einem gegebenen Abstand von der Abschussvorrichtung durch eine Zündvorrichtung (17) hervorgerufen wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die geformte Ladung ein Kernladungsgenerator ist, dass das Projektil eine Geometrie aufweist, die ihm einen positiven Neutralpunktsabstand verleiht und dass die Zündvorrichtung (17) die geformte Ladung zwischen einem Abstand D1 vom Schützen in der Größenordnung von 30 m auslöst, so dass dieser Schütze keine Splitter abbekommt, und einem Abstand D2 vom Ziel, der bis zu 200 m beträgt, um zu vermeiden, dass das Projektil durch die Schutzmittel des Ziels gestört wird.
  2. Projektil nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es ein Mittel (32) zum Empfang eines durch die Abschussvorrichtung übermitteltes Signal umfasst, wobei das Signal dafür vorgesehen ist, die Zündvorrichtung (17) zu betätigen.
  3. Projektil nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zündvorrichtung (17) ein Mittel (25) zur Erfassung des Abschusses des Projektils, ein Zeitmessmittel (22), das ein Verzögerungsintervall vom Abschuss des Projektils an herunterzählt, und ein Mittel (26) zur Auslösung der Ladung am Ende des Verzögerungsintervalls umfasst.
  4. Projektil nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Zeitmessmittel ein pyrotechnisches Verzögerungsgemisch (30) umfasst, das durch einen Zünder (31) beim Abschuss ausgelöst wird.
  5. Projektil nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Zeitmessmittel einen mechanischen oder elektronischen Zünder umfasst.
  6. Projektil nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Zünder programmierbar ist.
  7. Projektil nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Höhensensor (37) es ermöglicht, die Neigung seiner Achse (38) in Bezug auf eine Abschussrichtung zu erfassen, wobei die Auslösung der Ladung nur dann erlaubt wird, wenn dieser Winkel Null oder minimal ist.
  8. Projektil nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es eine Sicherheitseinrichtung umfasst, die die gesamte Auslösung der Ladung unterbindet, wenn sich das Projektil in einem Abstand zum Schützen, der kleiner als der minimale Abstand D1m ist, befindet.
  9. Projektil nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zündvorrichtung (17) die Auslösung der geformten Ladung in einem Abstand vom Schützen von wenigstens gleich dem minimalen Abstand D1m bewirkt.
  10. Waffensystem (1), das ein Projektil nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9 einsetzt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es ein Abschussrohr (2) umfasst, welches das Projektil (3) und eine Treibladung (4) enthält, wobei das Rohr Mittel (6) zum Zielen und Mittel (8,9) zum Auslösen des Abschusses des Projektils trägt.
  11. Waffensystem nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es Mittel (10) zum Programmieren eines Zünders des Projektils (3) umfasst.
  12. Waffensystem nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es Mittel zur Telemetrie, Rechenmittel (23) und einen Sender (12), der dafür vorgesehen ist, einen Zündbefehl an das Projektil auf der Flugbahn zu übermitteln, umfasst.
EP98402704A 1997-11-03 1998-10-30 Hohlladungsprojektil und dazugehöriges Waffensystem Expired - Fee Related EP0913662B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9713761 1997-11-03
FR9713761A FR2770637B1 (fr) 1997-11-03 1997-11-03 Projectile a charge formee et systeme d'arme tirant un tel projectile

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0913662A1 EP0913662A1 (de) 1999-05-06
EP0913662B1 true EP0913662B1 (de) 2003-08-27

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EP98402704A Expired - Fee Related EP0913662B1 (de) 1997-11-03 1998-10-30 Hohlladungsprojektil und dazugehöriges Waffensystem

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US (1) US6318273B1 (de)
EP (1) EP0913662B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69817496T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2770637B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1095982C (zh) * 1997-10-17 2002-12-11 罗克泰克有限公司 除去矿场中的堵塞物的方法和装置
US7387060B1 (en) 2005-05-17 2008-06-17 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Rocket exhaust defense system and method
DE102005030263B3 (de) * 2005-06-29 2006-11-30 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Sicherheitssystem für tempierbare Munition mit Selbstzerlegung
UA98976C2 (ru) * 2007-09-21 2012-07-10 Райнметалл Ваффе Мунитион Гмбх Способ оптического программирования снаряда и система для его осуществления
DE102015009823B4 (de) * 2015-05-12 2021-03-18 Mbda Deutschland Gmbh Startsystem für einen Lenkflugkörper sowie Lenkflugkörper für ein derartiges Startsystem

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US3777665A (en) * 1969-07-22 1973-12-11 Gen Electric Fuze actuating system
GB1605301A (en) * 1976-10-08 1988-08-24 Secr Defence Brit Fuzing systems for projectiles
AT371596B (de) * 1980-12-23 1983-07-11 Oregon Ets Patentverwertung Granate
DE3048596A1 (de) * 1980-12-23 1982-07-01 Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf Panzerabwehrhandwaffe
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DE69706738T2 (de) * 1996-04-05 2002-07-04 Luchaire Defense Sa Geschoss dessen Sprengladung durch einen Zielanzeiger ausgelöst wird

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2770637A1 (fr) 1999-05-07
US20010039897A1 (en) 2001-11-15
EP0913662A1 (de) 1999-05-06
DE69817496T2 (de) 2004-04-08
DE69817496D1 (de) 2003-10-02
US6318273B1 (en) 2001-11-20
FR2770637B1 (fr) 1999-12-03

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