EP0898115B1 - Kessel mit externer dichter Wirbelschicht - Google Patents

Kessel mit externer dichter Wirbelschicht Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0898115B1
EP0898115B1 EP98402063A EP98402063A EP0898115B1 EP 0898115 B1 EP0898115 B1 EP 0898115B1 EP 98402063 A EP98402063 A EP 98402063A EP 98402063 A EP98402063 A EP 98402063A EP 0898115 B1 EP0898115 B1 EP 0898115B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
hearth
boiler
tubes
drum
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98402063A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0898115A1 (de
EP0898115B2 (de
Inventor
Jean-Claude Semedard
Pierre Gauville
Christian Enault
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GE Vernova GmbH
Original Assignee
Alstom Power Boiler SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=9510338&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0898115(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Alstom Power Boiler SA filed Critical Alstom Power Boiler SA
Priority to DE69810717T priority Critical patent/DE69810717T3/de
Publication of EP0898115A1 publication Critical patent/EP0898115A1/de
Publication of EP0898115B1 publication Critical patent/EP0898115B1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0898115B2 publication Critical patent/EP0898115B2/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F22B31/0007—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed
    • F22B31/0015—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed for boilers of the water tube type
    • F22B31/003—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed for boilers of the water tube type with tubes surrounding the bed or with water tube wall partitions
    • F22B31/0038—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed for boilers of the water tube type with tubes surrounding the bed or with water tube wall partitions with tubes in the bed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F22B31/0007—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed
    • F22B31/0084—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed with recirculation of separated solids or with cooling of the bed particles outside the combustion bed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F22B31/0007—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed
    • F22B31/0015—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed for boilers of the water tube type
    • F22B31/0023—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed for boilers of the water tube type with tubes in the bed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F22B31/0007—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed
    • F22B31/0069—Systems therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F22B31/08—Installation of heat-exchange apparatus or of means in boilers for heating air supplied for combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D13/00—Heat-exchange apparatus using a fluidised bed

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a boiler comprising a evaporator immersed in a dense external fluidized bed.
  • This heat exchanger commonly takes the form of a bundle of tubes and the circulation of the fluid can be natural or assisted by one or several pumps.
  • the height of the fluidized bed is limited by the fluidization pressure and also by the stability of the fluidization. We admits that this height can hardly exceed 4 meters and, in any case, it does not seem possible to envisage a height higher than 5 meters.
  • the speed in these tubes must be suitable to avoid the appearance of DNB ("Departure from Nucleate Boiling" for critical heating) and to also avoid stratified flow, i.e. the appearance of a liquid vapor interface. A flow of this type generates phenomena of tube overheating, thermal shock and corrosion.
  • DNB Departure from Nucleate Boiling
  • the tubes To reach the required speed, the tubes must have a large section and large clearance heights at their ends higher.
  • the hot particles are not present in quantity sufficient so that, the vaporization being weak, the speed in the tubes is insufficient and there is a risk appearance of DNB.
  • the assisted circulation exchangers allow overcome the difficulties encountered with exchangers with natural circulation.
  • the assistance pumps are expensive and there is a risk of failure, which is detrimental to the availability of the boiler.
  • the present invention thus relates to a boiler provided with a dense external fluidized bed of a design simple and very reliable.
  • this boiler comprises a hearth with circulating fluidized bed, a gas separation member and solids extracted from this hearth, a dense fluidized bed external between the solids outlet of the separator and the base of the fireplace, this external bed comprising a first heat exchanger in which a fluid circulates coolant to evaporate, and, in addition, the outlet of this first exchanger is directly connected to a second exchanger thermal placed in the hearth.
  • This second heat exchanger increases substantially the speed of circulation in the tubes of the first heat exchanger. So even if this one works in natural circulation, the tubes which make up can be arranged horizontally without risk for installation.
  • the first heat exchanger is consisting of a bundle of tubes.
  • these tubes are horizontal.
  • these tubes are provided with at least one helical groove.
  • the second exchanger is an integral part of a wall of the home.
  • the second heat exchanger is immersed in the hearth.
  • the invention is of particular interest when the hearth is a circulating fluidized bed comprising membranes internal welded to the cased walls of this hearth, these membranes being called screen extensions.
  • the second heat exchanger is arranged in an extension of this foyer.
  • This boiler therefore comprises a hearth 1 in which the combustion of solid particles is maintained.
  • This hearth 1 is connected in its upper part to a separation 2 by an extraction pipe 12 which conveys combustion gases and recirculated particles.
  • the separation member 2 evacuates the gases in an exhaust pipe 20 taking birth at its top and the particles in a recycling line 23 which opens into a fluidized bed dense external 3.
  • This recycling line is generally provided with a siphon and ducts.
  • the bed external is provided with a first heat exchanger 3A which here takes the form of a bundle of tubes arranged in coils in vertical planes, so that sections of elongated tubes are horizontal from preference.
  • This first exchanger 3A is supplied with fluid coolant to evaporate, for example water, inlet pipe 39.
  • the outlet 30 of this exchanger 3 is connected directly to a second heat exchanger 3B which is at household contact 1.
  • a first embodiment of this second exchanger 3B shown in Figures 1 and 2 applies when the wall of the upper body of the hearth is made by a set of vertical pipes 1A secured between them.
  • one of these pipes constitutes the second 3B exchanger connected at its lower end to the outlet 30 of the first exchanger 3A.
  • the first exchanger 3A has a single outlet.
  • the second exchanger 3B is an evaporator arranged at inside this foyer.
  • the invention therefore applies to boilers whose 1 cased hearth is provided with a circulating fluidized bed. It is so common to provide at least one screen extension welded on the inside of the hearth wall. This extension screen is itself formed of vertical pipes secured between them.
  • the second exchanger 3B is constituted by one of the pipes of the screen extension which is connected at its end lower than the outlet 30 of the first exchanger 3A.
  • the performance of the first 3A exchanger when the tube or tubes which constitute are grooved tubes ("rifled” in English), that is to say that they have on their internal surfaces one or more helical grooves. Indeed, due to centrifugal force, the vapor phase of the emulsion will concentrate towards the inside of the tubes, which repels the appearance of DNB.
  • the invention is intended for a first natural circulation exchanger.
  • the invention reduces the power of the or assistance pumps and therefore reduce the cost and power consumption accordingly.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Kessel, der einen Herd (1) mit zirkulierender Wirbelschicht, eine Trenneinrichtung (2) für aus diesem Herd ausgebrachte Gase und Feststoffe, und eine dichte externe Wirbelschicht (Fluidatbett) (3) zwischen dem Festkörper-Auslass (23) der Trenneinrichtung (2) und der Basis des Herdes (1) aufweist, wobei diese externe Wirbelschicht (Fluidatbett) einen ersten Wärmetauscher (3A) beinhaltet, in welchem ein zu verdampfendes Wärmeübertragungsfluid zirkuliert, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Austritt (30) dieses ersten Wärmetauschers (3A) direkt mit einem im Herd (1) angeordneten zweiten Wärmetauscher (3B) verbunden ist.
  2. Kessel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste Wärmetauscher (3A) mittels natürlicher Zirkulation arbeitet.
  3. Kessel nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste Wärmetauscher (3A) aus einem Rohrbündel besteht.
  4. Kessel nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rohre horizontal sind.
  5. Kessel nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rohre mit mindestens einer schraublinienförmigen Nut versehen sind.
  6. Kessel nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der zweite Wärmetauscher (3B) einen integralen Teil einer Wand des Herdes (1) bildet.
  7. Kessel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der zweite Wärmetauscher (3B) im Herd (1) versenkt ist.
  8. Kessel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der zweite Wärmetauscher (3B) in einem Vorsprung der Abschirmung der zirkulierenden Wirbelschicht angeordnet ist.
EP98402063A 1997-08-18 1998-08-14 Kessel mit externer dichter Wirbelschicht Expired - Lifetime EP0898115B2 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE69810717T DE69810717T3 (de) 1997-08-18 1998-08-14 Kessel mit externer dichter Wirbelschicht

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9710425 1997-08-18
FR9710425A FR2767379B1 (fr) 1997-08-18 1997-08-18 Chaudiere a lit fluidise dense externe

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0898115A1 EP0898115A1 (de) 1999-02-24
EP0898115B1 true EP0898115B1 (de) 2003-01-15
EP0898115B2 EP0898115B2 (de) 2012-06-13

Family

ID=9510338

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98402063A Expired - Lifetime EP0898115B2 (de) 1997-08-18 1998-08-14 Kessel mit externer dichter Wirbelschicht

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US6003476A (de)
EP (1) EP0898115B2 (de)
JP (1) JPH11182802A (de)
KR (1) KR19990023666A (de)
CN (1) CN1118661C (de)
AT (1) ATE231230T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69810717T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2187908T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2767379B1 (de)
PL (1) PL328051A1 (de)
ZA (1) ZA987423B (de)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI121637B (fi) * 2004-07-23 2011-02-15 Foster Wheeler Energia Oy Menetelmä ja laite lämmönsiirtimen suojaamiseksi
US20090031967A1 (en) * 2007-07-31 2009-02-05 Alstom Technology Ltd Integral waterwall external heat exchangers
RS54251B1 (sr) * 2012-11-23 2016-02-29 Alstom Technology Ltd Toplovodni kotao sa razmenjivačem toplote sa fluidizovanim slojem
CN112933622B (zh) * 2021-02-02 2023-01-31 崔秋生 一种热回收内浮顶储罐油的装置及方法

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3968346A (en) * 1973-06-01 1976-07-06 Cooksley Ralph D Method and apparatus for electrically heating a fluid
DE3125849A1 (de) * 1981-07-01 1983-01-20 Deutsche Babcock Anlagen Ag, 4200 Oberhausen Dampferzeuger mit zirkulierender atmosphaerischer oder druckaufgeladener wirbelschichtfeuerung sowie verfahren zu seiner regelung
ATE87077T1 (de) † 1985-06-12 1993-04-15 Metallgesellschaft Ag Verbrennungsvorrichtung mit zirkulierender wirbelschicht.
DE3642396A1 (de) * 1986-12-11 1988-06-16 Siemens Ag Dampferzeugeranlage mit einer zirkulierenden wirbelschicht
US5005528A (en) † 1990-04-12 1991-04-09 Tampella Keeler Inc. Bubbling fluid bed boiler with recycle
US5273000A (en) * 1992-12-30 1993-12-28 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Reheat steam temperature control in a circulating fluidized bed steam generator
US5463968A (en) * 1994-08-25 1995-11-07 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Fluidized bed combustion system and method having a multicompartment variable duty recycle heat exchanger

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0898115A1 (de) 1999-02-24
FR2767379A1 (fr) 1999-02-19
DE69810717T3 (de) 2012-12-27
DE69810717D1 (de) 2003-02-20
JPH11182802A (ja) 1999-07-06
ATE231230T1 (de) 2003-02-15
CN1211702A (zh) 1999-03-24
US6003476A (en) 1999-12-21
EP0898115B2 (de) 2012-06-13
DE69810717T2 (de) 2003-10-23
ZA987423B (en) 1999-09-22
KR19990023666A (ko) 1999-03-25
CN1118661C (zh) 2003-08-20
ES2187908T3 (es) 2003-06-16
PL328051A1 (en) 1999-03-01
FR2767379B1 (fr) 1999-11-12

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