EP0898115B2 - Kessel mit externer dichter Wirbelschicht - Google Patents

Kessel mit externer dichter Wirbelschicht Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0898115B2
EP0898115B2 EP98402063A EP98402063A EP0898115B2 EP 0898115 B2 EP0898115 B2 EP 0898115B2 EP 98402063 A EP98402063 A EP 98402063A EP 98402063 A EP98402063 A EP 98402063A EP 0898115 B2 EP0898115 B2 EP 0898115B2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
hearth
boiler
tubes
drum
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98402063A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0898115A1 (de
EP0898115B1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Claude Semedard
Pierre Gauville
Christian Enault
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GE Vernova GmbH
Original Assignee
Alstom Technology AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=9510338&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0898115(B2) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Alstom Technology AG filed Critical Alstom Technology AG
Priority to DE69810717T priority Critical patent/DE69810717T3/de
Publication of EP0898115A1 publication Critical patent/EP0898115A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0898115B1 publication Critical patent/EP0898115B1/de
Publication of EP0898115B2 publication Critical patent/EP0898115B2/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F22B31/0007—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed
    • F22B31/0015—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed for boilers of the water tube type
    • F22B31/003—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed for boilers of the water tube type with tubes surrounding the bed or with water tube wall partitions
    • F22B31/0038—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed for boilers of the water tube type with tubes surrounding the bed or with water tube wall partitions with tubes in the bed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F22B31/0007—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed
    • F22B31/0084—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed with recirculation of separated solids or with cooling of the bed particles outside the combustion bed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F22B31/0007—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed
    • F22B31/0015—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed for boilers of the water tube type
    • F22B31/0023—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed for boilers of the water tube type with tubes in the bed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F22B31/0007—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed
    • F22B31/0069—Systems therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F22B31/08—Installation of heat-exchange apparatus or of means in boilers for heating air supplied for combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D13/00—Heat-exchange apparatus using a fluidised bed

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a boiler comprising an evaporator immersed in an outer dense fluidized bed.
  • This heat exchanger commonly takes the form of a bundle of tubes and the circulation of the fluid can be natural or assisted by one or more pumps.
  • DNB Departure from Nucleate Boiling
  • a flow of this type causes overheating of the tubes, thermal shock and corrosion.
  • the tubes must have a large section and large clearance heights at their upper ends.
  • the hot particles are not present in sufficient quantity so that, as the vaporization is low, the speed in the tubes is insufficient and there is a risk of occurrence of DNB.
  • the circulation-circulation exchangers make it possible to overcome the difficulties encountered with natural circulation exchangers.
  • the assistance pumps are expensive and they present a risk of failure, which is detrimental to the availability of the boiler.
  • the present invention thus relates to a boiler provided with an outer dense fluidized bed of simple design and high reliability.
  • the subject of the invention is a boiler according to claim 1.
  • This second heat exchanger makes it possible to substantially increase the speed of circulation in the tubes of the first heat exchanger. Thus, even if it operates in natural circulation, the tubes that compose it can be arranged horizontally without risk for installation.
  • the first heat exchanger consists of a bundle of tubes.
  • these tubes are horizontal.
  • these tubes are provided with at least one helical groove.
  • the speed of circulation can be reduced to avoid the appearance of DNB in the tubes.
  • the second heat exchanger is an integral part of a fireplace wall.
  • the second heat exchanger is immersed in the fireplace.
  • the invention is of particular interest when the furnace is a circulating fluidized bed having internal membranes welded to the cased walls of this furnace, these membranes being called extensions of screens.
  • the second heat exchanger is disposed in a screen extension of this fireplace.
  • This boiler therefore comprises a firebox 1 in which is maintained the combustion of the solid particles.
  • This hearth 1 is connected in its upper part to a separation member 2 by an extraction pipe 12 which conveys the combustion gases and the recirculated particles.
  • the separating member 2 discharges the gases in a discharge pipe 20 originating at its upper part and the particles in a recycling pipe 23 which opens into an external dense fluidized bed 3.
  • This pipe of recycling is usually provided with a siphon and sheaths.
  • the outer bed is provided with a first heat exchanger 3A which here takes the form of a bundle of tubes arranged in coils in vertical planes, so that the sections of elongated tubes are horizontal preferably.
  • This first heat exchanger 3A is supplied with heat transfer fluid to be evaporated, for example water, via an inlet pipe 39.
  • the outlet 30 of this heat exchanger 3 is connected directly to a second heat exchanger 3B which is in contact with the firebox 1 .
  • a first embodiment of this second exchanger 3B shown in the Figures 1 and 2 applies when the wall of the upper body of the fireplace is formed by a set of vertical pipes 1A joined together.
  • one of these pipes constitutes the second exchanger 3B connected at its lower end to the outlet 30 of the first exchanger 3A.
  • the first exchanger 3A has a single output.
  • the second heat exchanger 3B is an evaporator disposed inside this fireplace.
  • the invention therefore applies to boilers whose 1 cased hearth is provided with a circulating fluidized bed. It is then common to provide at least one welded screen extension on the inside of the fireplace wall. This screen extension is itself formed of vertical pipes joined together.
  • the second exchanger 3B is constituted by one of the pipes of the screen extension which is connected at its lower end to the outlet 30 of the first exchanger 3A.
  • the performance of the first exchanger 3A is further improved when the tube or tubes constituting it are grooved tubes ("rifled" in English), that is to say that they have on their internal surfaces one or more helical grooves . Indeed, because of the centrifugal force, the vapor phase of the emulsion will concentrate towards the inside of the tubes, which pushes the appearance of the DNB.
  • the invention is provided for a first natural circulation exchanger.
  • the invention makes it possible to very substantially reduce the power of the assistance pump or pumps and thus to reduce the cost and the power consumption accordingly.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Kessel, der einen Herd (1) mit zirkulierender Wirbelschicht, eine Trenneinrichtung für aus diesem Herd ausgebrachte Gase und Feststoffe aufweist, die die Verbrennungsgase und die vom Herd fluidisierten Feststoffpartikel oben am Herd sammelt um sie in zwei separate Leitungen zu leiten, und ein dichtes externes Wirbelschichtbett (3) aufweist, das einerseits an die Partikelleitung der Trenneinrichtung und andererseits an die Basis des Herdes angeschlossen ist, wobei ein erster Wärmetauscher (3A) vorhanden ist, der aus einem Rohrbündel gebildet ist, das in das externe Wirbelschichtbett eintaucht und in dem ein zu verdampfendes Wärmeübertragungsfluid zirkuliert, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Austritt (30) dieses ersten Wärmetauschers (3A) direkt an einen im Herd (1) angeordneten zweiten Wärmetauscher (3B) angeschlossen ist.
  2. Kessel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste Wärmetauscher (3A) mittels natürlicher Zirkulation arbeitet.
  3. Kessel nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rohre horizontal sind.
  4. Kessel nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rohre mit mindestens einer schraubenlinienförmigen Nut versehen sind.
  5. Kessel nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der zweite Wärmetauscher (3B) einen integralen Bestandteil einer Wand des Herdes (1) bildet.
  6. Kessel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der zweite Wärmetauscher (3B) im Herd (1) versinkt ist.
  7. Kessel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der zweite Wärmetauscher (3B) in einem Vorsprung der Abschirmung des zirkulierenden Wirbelschichtbettes angeordnet ist.
EP98402063A 1997-08-18 1998-08-14 Kessel mit externer dichter Wirbelschicht Expired - Lifetime EP0898115B2 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE69810717T DE69810717T3 (de) 1997-08-18 1998-08-14 Kessel mit externer dichter Wirbelschicht

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9710425 1997-08-18
FR9710425A FR2767379B1 (fr) 1997-08-18 1997-08-18 Chaudiere a lit fluidise dense externe

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0898115A1 EP0898115A1 (de) 1999-02-24
EP0898115B1 EP0898115B1 (de) 2003-01-15
EP0898115B2 true EP0898115B2 (de) 2012-06-13

Family

ID=9510338

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98402063A Expired - Lifetime EP0898115B2 (de) 1997-08-18 1998-08-14 Kessel mit externer dichter Wirbelschicht

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US6003476A (de)
EP (1) EP0898115B2 (de)
JP (1) JPH11182802A (de)
KR (1) KR19990023666A (de)
CN (1) CN1118661C (de)
AT (1) ATE231230T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69810717T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2187908T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2767379B1 (de)
PL (1) PL328051A1 (de)
ZA (1) ZA987423B (de)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI121637B (fi) * 2004-07-23 2011-02-15 Foster Wheeler Energia Oy Menetelmä ja laite lämmönsiirtimen suojaamiseksi
US20090031967A1 (en) * 2007-07-31 2009-02-05 Alstom Technology Ltd Integral waterwall external heat exchangers
EP2735791B1 (de) * 2012-11-23 2015-07-29 Alstom Technology Ltd Kessel mit Flüssigbett-Wärmeaustauscher
CN112933622B (zh) * 2021-02-02 2023-01-31 崔秋生 一种热回收内浮顶储罐油的装置及方法

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4716856A (en) † 1985-06-12 1988-01-05 Metallgesellschaft Ag Integral fluidized bed heat exchanger in an energy producing plant
US5005528A (en) † 1990-04-12 1991-04-09 Tampella Keeler Inc. Bubbling fluid bed boiler with recycle

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3968346A (en) * 1973-06-01 1976-07-06 Cooksley Ralph D Method and apparatus for electrically heating a fluid
DE3125849A1 (de) * 1981-07-01 1983-01-20 Deutsche Babcock Anlagen Ag, 4200 Oberhausen Dampferzeuger mit zirkulierender atmosphaerischer oder druckaufgeladener wirbelschichtfeuerung sowie verfahren zu seiner regelung
DE3642396A1 (de) * 1986-12-11 1988-06-16 Siemens Ag Dampferzeugeranlage mit einer zirkulierenden wirbelschicht
US5273000A (en) * 1992-12-30 1993-12-28 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Reheat steam temperature control in a circulating fluidized bed steam generator
US5463968A (en) * 1994-08-25 1995-11-07 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Fluidized bed combustion system and method having a multicompartment variable duty recycle heat exchanger

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4716856A (en) † 1985-06-12 1988-01-05 Metallgesellschaft Ag Integral fluidized bed heat exchanger in an energy producing plant
US5005528A (en) † 1990-04-12 1991-04-09 Tampella Keeler Inc. Bubbling fluid bed boiler with recycle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2187908T3 (es) 2003-06-16
DE69810717T2 (de) 2003-10-23
JPH11182802A (ja) 1999-07-06
EP0898115A1 (de) 1999-02-24
KR19990023666A (ko) 1999-03-25
DE69810717T3 (de) 2012-12-27
PL328051A1 (en) 1999-03-01
CN1118661C (zh) 2003-08-20
FR2767379A1 (fr) 1999-02-19
CN1211702A (zh) 1999-03-24
EP0898115B1 (de) 2003-01-15
US6003476A (en) 1999-12-21
DE69810717D1 (de) 2003-02-20
ZA987423B (en) 1999-09-22
FR2767379B1 (fr) 1999-11-12
ATE231230T1 (de) 2003-02-15

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