EP0898115A1 - Boiler with external dense fluidised bed - Google Patents

Boiler with external dense fluidised bed Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0898115A1
EP0898115A1 EP98402063A EP98402063A EP0898115A1 EP 0898115 A1 EP0898115 A1 EP 0898115A1 EP 98402063 A EP98402063 A EP 98402063A EP 98402063 A EP98402063 A EP 98402063A EP 0898115 A1 EP0898115 A1 EP 0898115A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
exchanger
hearth
heat exchanger
tubes
drum
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
EP98402063A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0898115B1 (en
EP0898115B2 (en
Inventor
Jean-Claude Semedard
Pierre Gauville
Christian Enault
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Technology GmbH
Original Assignee
GEC Alsthom Stein Industrie
Alstom Energy Systems SA
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Application filed by GEC Alsthom Stein Industrie, Alstom Energy Systems SA filed Critical GEC Alsthom Stein Industrie
Priority to DE69810717T priority Critical patent/DE69810717T3/en
Publication of EP0898115A1 publication Critical patent/EP0898115A1/en
Publication of EP0898115B1 publication Critical patent/EP0898115B1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0898115B2 publication Critical patent/EP0898115B2/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F22B31/0007—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed
    • F22B31/0015—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed for boilers of the water tube type
    • F22B31/003—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed for boilers of the water tube type with tubes surrounding the bed or with water tube wall partitions
    • F22B31/0038—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed for boilers of the water tube type with tubes surrounding the bed or with water tube wall partitions with tubes in the bed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F22B31/0007—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed
    • F22B31/0084—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed with recirculation of separated solids or with cooling of the bed particles outside the combustion bed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F22B31/0007—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed
    • F22B31/0015—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed for boilers of the water tube type
    • F22B31/0023—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed for boilers of the water tube type with tubes in the bed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F22B31/0007—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed
    • F22B31/0069—Systems therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F22B31/08—Installation of heat-exchange apparatus or of means in boilers for heating air supplied for combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D13/00—Heat-exchange apparatus using a fluidised bed

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a boiler comprising an evaporator immersed in a dense fluidized bed external.
  • This heat exchanger commonly takes the form of a bundle of tubes and the circulation of the fluid can be natural or assisted by one or more pumps.
  • the height of the fluidized bed is limited by the pressure of fluidization and also by the stability of the fluidization. We admit that this height can hardly exceed 4 meters and, in any case, it does not seem possible to foresee a height greater than 5 meters.
  • the speed in these tubes must be suitable to avoid the appearance of DNB ("Departure from Nucleate Boiling" for critical heating) and to also avoid stratified flow, i.e. the appearance of a liquid vapor interface.
  • DNB Departure from Nucleate Boiling
  • a flow of this type generates phenomena of tube overheating, thermal shock and corrosion.
  • the tubes To reach the required speed, the tubes must have a large section and large clearance heights at their ends higher.
  • the hot particles are not present in quantity sufficient so that, the vaporization being weak, the speed in the tubes is insufficient and there is a risk appearance of DNB.
  • assisted circulation heat exchangers allow overcome the difficulties encountered with exchangers with natural circulation.
  • the assistance pumps are expensive and there is a risk of failure, which is detrimental to the availability of the boiler.
  • the present invention thus relates to a boiler provided with a dense external fluidized bed of a design simple and very reliable.
  • this boiler comprises a hearth with circulating fluidized bed, a gas separation member and solids extracted from this hearth, a dense fluidized bed external between the solids outlet of the separator and the base of the fireplace, this external bed comprising a first heat exchanger in which a fluid circulates coolant to evaporate, and, in addition, the outlet of this first exchanger is connected to a second exchanger thermal placed in the hearth.
  • This second heat exchanger increases substantially the speed of circulation in the tubes of the first heat exchanger. So even if this one works in natural circulation, the tubes which make up can be arranged horizontally without risk for installation.
  • the first heat exchanger is consisting of a bundle of tubes.
  • these tubes are horizontal.
  • these tubes are provided with at least one helical groove.
  • the second exchanger is an integral part of a wall of the foyer.
  • the second heat exchanger is immersed in the hearth.
  • the invention is of particular interest when the hearth is a circulating fluidized bed comprising membranes internal welded to the cased walls of this hearth, these membranes being called screen extensions.
  • the second heat exchanger is arranged in an extension of this foyer.
  • This boiler therefore comprises a hearth 1 in which the combustion of solid particles is maintained.
  • This hearth 1 is connected in its upper part to a separation 2 by an extraction pipe 12 which conveys combustion gases and recirculated particles.
  • the separation member 2 evacuates the gases in an evacuation pipe 20 taking birth at its top and the particles in a recycling line 23 which opens into a fluidized bed dense external 3.
  • This recycling line is generally provided with a siphon and ducts.
  • the bed external is provided with a first heat exchanger 3A which here takes the form of a bundle of tubes arranged in coils in vertical planes, so that sections of elongated tubes are horizontal from preference.
  • This first exchanger 3A is supplied with fluid coolant to evaporate, for example water, inlet pipe 39.
  • the outlet 30 of this exchanger 3 is connected to a second heat exchanger 3B which is at household contact 1.
  • a first embodiment of this second exchanger 3B shown in Figures 1 and 2 applies when the wall of the upper body of the hearth is made by a set of vertical pipes 1A secured between them.
  • one of these pipes constitutes the second 3B exchanger connected at its lower end to the outlet 30 of the first exchanger 3A.
  • the first exchanger 3A has a single outlet.
  • the second exchanger 3B is an evaporator arranged at inside this foyer.
  • the invention therefore applies to boilers whose 1 cased hearth is provided with a circulating fluidized bed. It is so common to provide at least one screen extension welded on the inside of the hearth wall. This extension screen is itself formed of vertical pipes secured between them.
  • the second heat exchanger 3B is constituted by one of the pipes the screen extension which is connected at its end lower than the outlet 30 of the first exchanger 3A.
  • the performance of the first 3A exchanger when the tube or tubes which constitute are grooved tubes ("rifled” in English), that is to say that they have on their internal surfaces one or more helical grooves. Indeed, due to centrifugal force, the vapor phase of the emulsion will concentrate towards the inside of the tubes, which repels the appearance of DNB.
  • the invention is intended for a first natural circulation exchanger.
  • the invention reduces the power of the or assistance pumps and therefore reduce the cost and power consumption accordingly.

Abstract

The boiler uses a dense fluidised bed in a furnace drum (1). Hot particles fluidised by gas leave the bed at the top of this drum and pass through a horizontal pipe (12) to a second, smaller, drum (2). The solid particles are separated from the gas in this drum. The gas is taken off (20) from the top of the second drum. The solid particles pass from the bottom of the drum into a pipe (23) leading to a heat-exchanger (3). The particles flow past a coil (3A) carrying fluid, especially water and return (31) to the bottom of the furnace drum. The water enters (39) the heat exchanger at the bottom and exits (30) at the top and passes through a second heat exchanger (3B) inside the furnace.

Description

La présente invention concerne une chaudière comportant un évaporateur immergé dans un lit fluidisé dense externe.The present invention relates to a boiler comprising an evaporator immersed in a dense fluidized bed external.

Une telle chaudière comporte, entre autres, les éléments suivants :

  • un foyer à lit fluidisé circulant dont les parois comprennent des tuyaux verticaux dans lesquels circule une émulsion (phase liquide et phase vapeur) d'eau produite par évaporation de l'eau qui est introduite à la base de ces tuyaux ;
  • un organe de séparation, généralement un cyclone, qui récupère en haut du foyer pour les diriger dans deux conduites distinctes les gaz de combustion et les particules de solides fluidisés dans ce foyer ;
  • un lit fluidisé dense externe raccordé d'une part à la conduite particules de l'organe de séparation et d'autre part à la base du foyer, ce lit externe comprenant un échangeur thermique qui transmet la chaleur des particules au fluide caloporteur à évaporer qui est souvent de l'eau.
Such a boiler includes, among others, the following elements:
  • a circulating fluidized bed hearth, the walls of which comprise vertical pipes in which an emulsion (liquid phase and vapor phase) of water produced by evaporation of the water which is introduced at the base of these pipes circulates;
  • a separation member, generally a cyclone, which collects at the top of the hearth to direct them in two separate pipes the combustion gases and the particles of fluidized solids in this hearth;
  • an external dense fluidized bed connected on the one hand to the particle pipe of the separation member and on the other hand to the base of the hearth, this external bed comprising a heat exchanger which transmits the heat of the particles to the heat transfer fluid to be evaporated which is often water.

Cet échangeur thermique prend couramment la forme d'un faisceau de tubes et la circulation du fluide peut être naturelle ou assistée par une ou plusieurs pompes.This heat exchanger commonly takes the form of a bundle of tubes and the circulation of the fluid can be natural or assisted by one or more pumps.

Les échangeurs à circulation naturelle posent des difficultés de réalisation. En premier lieu, pour fonctionner avec des taux de circulation raisonnables, ils imposent une disposition inclinée des tubes, ce qui augmente la hauteur de l'échangeur par rapport à une solution dans laquelle les tubes sont horizontaux si l'on veut conserver sensiblement la même surface d'échange. Cependant, la hauteur du lit fluidisé est limitée par la pression de fluidisation et aussi par la stabilité de la fluidisation. On admet que cette hauteur ne peut guère dépasser 4 mètres et, en tout cas, il ne semble pas envisageable de prévoir une hauteur supérieure à 5 mètres. En second lieu, la vitesse dans ces tubes doit être convenable pour éviter l'apparition du DNB ("Departure from Nucleate Boiling" pour échauffement critique) et pour éviter également un écoulement stratifié, c'est à dire l'apparition d'une interface liquide vapeur. Un écoulement de ce type engendre des phénomènes de surchauffe des tubes, de chocs thermiques et de corrosion. Pour atteindre la vitesse requise, les tubes doivent présenter une section importante et des grandes hauteurs de dégagement à leurs extrémités supérieures. De plus, lors des phases de démarrage, les particules chaudes ne sont pas présentes en quantité suffisante si bien que, la vaporisation étant faible, la vitesse dans les tubes est insuffisante et il y a un risque d'apparition du DNB.Natural circulation heat exchangers pose difficulties of realization. First, for operate with reasonable traffic rates they impose an inclined arrangement of the tubes, which increases the height of the exchanger relative to a solution in which tubes are horizontal if we want to keep substantially the same exchange surface. However, the height of the fluidized bed is limited by the pressure of fluidization and also by the stability of the fluidization. We admit that this height can hardly exceed 4 meters and, in any case, it does not seem possible to foresee a height greater than 5 meters. Second, the speed in these tubes must be suitable to avoid the appearance of DNB ("Departure from Nucleate Boiling" for critical heating) and to also avoid stratified flow, i.e. the appearance of a liquid vapor interface. A flow of this type generates phenomena of tube overheating, thermal shock and corrosion. To reach the required speed, the tubes must have a large section and large clearance heights at their ends higher. In addition, during the start-up phases, the hot particles are not present in quantity sufficient so that, the vaporization being weak, the speed in the tubes is insufficient and there is a risk appearance of DNB.

Les échangeurs à circulation assistée permettent de s'affranchir des difficultés rencontrées avec les échangeurs à circulation naturelle. Cependant, les pompes d'assistance sont coûteuses et elles présentent un risque de panne, ce qui est préjudiciable à la disponibilité de la chaudière.The assisted circulation heat exchangers allow overcome the difficulties encountered with exchangers with natural circulation. However, the assistance pumps are expensive and there is a risk of failure, which is detrimental to the availability of the boiler.

La présente invention a ainsi pour objet une chaudière pourvue d'un lit fluidisé dense externe d'une conception simple et d'une grande fiabilité.The present invention thus relates to a boiler provided with a dense external fluidized bed of a design simple and very reliable.

Selon l'invention, cette chaudière comporte un foyer à lit fluidisé circulant, un organe de séparation des gaz et des solides extraits de ce foyer, un lit fluidisé dense externe entre la sortie solides de l'organe de séparation et la base du foyer, ce lit externe comprenant un premier échangeur thermique dans lequel circule un fluide caloporteur à évaporer, et, de plus, la sortie de ce premier échangeur est raccordée à un deuxième échangeur thermique placé dans le foyer.According to the invention, this boiler comprises a hearth with circulating fluidized bed, a gas separation member and solids extracted from this hearth, a dense fluidized bed external between the solids outlet of the separator and the base of the fireplace, this external bed comprising a first heat exchanger in which a fluid circulates coolant to evaporate, and, in addition, the outlet of this first exchanger is connected to a second exchanger thermal placed in the hearth.

Ce deuxième échangeur thermique permet d'augmenter sensiblement la vitesse de circulation dans les tubes du premier échangeur thermique. Ainsi, même si celui-ci fonctionne en circulation naturelle, les tubes qui le composent peuvent être disposés horizontalement sans risque pour l'installation.This second heat exchanger increases substantially the speed of circulation in the tubes of the first heat exchanger. So even if this one works in natural circulation, the tubes which make up can be arranged horizontally without risk for installation.

Avantageusement, le premier échangeur thermique est constitué d'un faisceau de tubes.Advantageously, the first heat exchanger is consisting of a bundle of tubes.

De préférence, ces tubes sont horizontaux.Preferably, these tubes are horizontal.

Par ailleurs, ces tubes sont pourvus d'au moins une rainure hélicoïdale.Furthermore, these tubes are provided with at least one helical groove.

Ainsi, on peut réduire la vitesse de circulation pour éviter l'apparition du DNB dans les tubes.So we can reduce the speed of circulation for avoid the appearance of DNB in the tubes.

Selon un premier mode de réalisation de la chaudière, le deuxième échangeur fait partie intégrante d'une paroi du foyer.According to a first embodiment of the boiler, the second exchanger is an integral part of a wall of the foyer.

Selon un deuxième mode de réalisation, le deuxième échangeur thermique est immergé dans le foyer.According to a second embodiment, the second heat exchanger is immersed in the hearth.

L'invention présente un intérêt particulier lorsque le foyer est un lit fluidisé circulant comportant des membranes internes soudées aux parois tubées de ce foyer, ces membranes étant dénommées extensions d'écrans.The invention is of particular interest when the hearth is a circulating fluidized bed comprising membranes internal welded to the cased walls of this hearth, these membranes being called screen extensions.

Ainsi, selon un troisième mode de réalisation, le deuxième échangeur thermique est disposé dans une extension d'écran de ce foyer.Thus, according to a third embodiment, the second heat exchanger is arranged in an extension of this foyer.

L'invention apparaítra maintenant avec plus de détails dans le cadre de la description qui suit d'exemples de chaudières donnés à titre illustratif en référence aux figures annexées qui représentent :

  • La figure 1, un schéma d'une chaudière selon l'invention,
  • La figure 2, une vue en coupe horizontale d'un premier mode de réalisation,
  • La figure 3, une vue en coupe verticale d'un deuxième mode de réalisation, et
  • La figure 4, une vue en coupe horizontale d'un troisième mode de réalisation.
The invention will now appear in more detail in the context of the following description of examples of boilers given by way of illustration with reference to the appended figures which represent:
  • FIG. 1, a diagram of a boiler according to the invention,
  • FIG. 2, a view in horizontal section of a first embodiment,
  • FIG. 3, a vertical section view of a second embodiment, and
  • Figure 4, a horizontal sectional view of a third embodiment.

Les éléments présents dans différentes figures sont affectés d'une seule et même référence. The elements present in different figures are assigned a single reference.

Dans la figure 1, on a représenté les seuls éléments de la chaudière qui sont nécessaires à la compréhension de l'invention.In Figure 1, the only elements are shown of the boiler which are necessary for the understanding of the invention.

Cette chaudière comprend donc un foyer 1 dans lequel est entretenue la combustion des particules de solides. Ce foyer 1 est relié dans sa partie supérieure à un organe de séparation 2 par une conduite d'extraction 12 qui véhicule les gaz de combustion et les particules recirculées.This boiler therefore comprises a hearth 1 in which the combustion of solid particles is maintained. This hearth 1 is connected in its upper part to a separation 2 by an extraction pipe 12 which conveys combustion gases and recirculated particles.

L'organe de séparation 2, un cyclone par exemple, évacue les gaz dans une conduite d'évacuation 20 prenant naissance à sa partie supérieure et les particules dans une conduite de recyclage 23 qui débouche dans un lit fluidisé dense externe 3. Cette conduite de recyclage est généralement pourvue d'un siphon et de gaines. Le lit externe est pourvu d'un premier échangeur thermique 3A qui prend ici la forme d'un faisceau de tubes disposés en serpentins dans des plans verticaux, de sorte que les sections de tubes longilignes soient horizontales de préférence. Ce premier échangeur 3A est alimenté en fluide caloporteur à évaporer, de l'eau par exemple, par une conduite d'entrée 39. La sortie 30 de cet échangeur 3 est raccordée à un deuxième échangeur thermique 3B qui est au contact du foyer 1.The separation member 2, a cyclone for example, evacuates the gases in an evacuation pipe 20 taking birth at its top and the particles in a recycling line 23 which opens into a fluidized bed dense external 3. This recycling line is generally provided with a siphon and ducts. The bed external is provided with a first heat exchanger 3A which here takes the form of a bundle of tubes arranged in coils in vertical planes, so that sections of elongated tubes are horizontal from preference. This first exchanger 3A is supplied with fluid coolant to evaporate, for example water, inlet pipe 39. The outlet 30 of this exchanger 3 is connected to a second heat exchanger 3B which is at household contact 1.

Un premier mode de réalisation de ce deuxième échangeur 3B représenté dans les figures 1 et 2 s'applique lorsque la paroi du corps supérieur du foyer est réalisée par un ensemble de tuyaux verticaux 1A solidarisés entre eux. En ce cas, un de ces tuyaux constitue le deuxième échangeur 3B raccordé à son extrémité inférieure à la sortie 30 du premier échangeur 3A. On remarque qu'ici le premier échangeur 3A comporte une seule sortie. Naturellement, s'il s'agit d'un faisceau de tubes, on peut prévoir autant de tuyaux 1A dans le deuxième échangeur 3B que le faisceau comporte de tubes.A first embodiment of this second exchanger 3B shown in Figures 1 and 2 applies when the wall of the upper body of the hearth is made by a set of vertical pipes 1A secured between them. In this case, one of these pipes constitutes the second 3B exchanger connected at its lower end to the outlet 30 of the first exchanger 3A. We notice that here the first exchanger 3A has a single outlet. Naturally, if he it is a bundle of tubes, we can provide as many pipes 1A in the second exchanger 3B as the bundle has tubes.

Selon un deuxième mode de réalisation représenté dans la figure 3, quelle que soit la nature de la paroi du foyer, le deuxième échangeur 3B est un évaporateur disposé à l'intérieur de ce foyer.According to a second embodiment shown in FIG. 3, whatever the nature of the wall of the hearth, the second exchanger 3B is an evaporator arranged at inside this foyer.

L'invention s'applique donc aux chaudières dont le foyer 1 tubé est pourvu d'un lit fluidisé circulant. Il est alors courant de prévoir au moins une extension d'écran soudée sur l'intérieur de la paroi du foyer. Cette extension d'écran est elle même formée de tuyaux verticaux solidarisés entre eux.The invention therefore applies to boilers whose 1 cased hearth is provided with a circulating fluidized bed. It is so common to provide at least one screen extension welded on the inside of the hearth wall. This extension screen is itself formed of vertical pipes secured between them.

Ainsi, selon un troisième mode de réalisation, le deuxième échangeur 3B est constitué par un des tuyaux de l'extension d'écran qui est raccordé à son extrémité inférieure à la sortie 30 du premier échangeur 3A.Thus, according to a third embodiment, the second heat exchanger 3B is constituted by one of the pipes the screen extension which is connected at its end lower than the outlet 30 of the first exchanger 3A.

Par ailleurs, on améliore encore les performances du premier échangeur 3A lorsque le ou les tubes qui le constituent sont des tubes rainurés ("rifled" en anglais), c'est à dire qu'il comportent sur leurs surfaces internes une ou plusieurs rainures hélicoïdales. En effet, du fait de la force centrifuge, la phase vapeur de l'émulsion va se concentrer vers l'intérieur des tubes, ce qui repousse l'apparition du DNB.In addition, the performance of the first 3A exchanger when the tube or tubes which constitute are grooved tubes ("rifled" in English), that is to say that they have on their internal surfaces one or more helical grooves. Indeed, due to centrifugal force, the vapor phase of the emulsion will concentrate towards the inside of the tubes, which repels the appearance of DNB.

Naturellement, l'invention est prévue pour un premier échangeur à circulation naturelle. Cependant, si l'on prévoit un échangeur à circulation assistée, l'invention permet de réduire très sensiblement la puissance de la ou des pompes d'assistance et donc de diminuer le coût et la consommation électrique en conséquence.Naturally, the invention is intended for a first natural circulation exchanger. However, if one provides an assisted circulation exchanger, the invention reduces the power of the or assistance pumps and therefore reduce the cost and power consumption accordingly.

Les modes de réalisation ci-dessus sont donnés à titre d'exemple et l'homme de métier comprend bien que l'invention peut être mise en oeuvre de bien des manières différentes, ne serait ce qu'en remplaçant un moyen par un moyen équivalent.The above embodiments are given as example and the skilled person understands that the invention can be implemented in many different ways, if only by replacing a means with a means equivalent.

Claims (8)

Chaudière comportant un foyer (1) à lit fluidisé circulant, un organe de séparation (2) des gaz et des solides extraits de ce foyer, un lit fluidisé dense externe (3) entre la sortie solides (23) dudit organe de séparation (2) et la base dudit foyer (1), ce lit externe comprenant un premier échangeur thermique (3A) dans lequel circule un fluide caloporteur à évaporer, caractérisé en ce que la sortie (30) de ce premier échangeur (3A) est raccordée à un deuxième échangeur thermique (3B) placé dans le foyer (1).Boiler comprising a fluidized bed hearth (1) circulating, a separation member (2) of gases and solids extracted from this hearth, a dense external fluidized bed (3) between the solid outlet (23) of said separation member (2) and the base of said fireplace (1), this external bed comprising a first heat exchanger (3A) in which a heat transfer fluid to be evaporated, characterized in that the outlet (30) of this first exchanger (3A) is connected to a second heat exchanger (3B) placed in the hearth (1). Chaudière selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que ledit premier échangeur thermique (3A) fonctionne en circulation naturelle.Boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that said first heat exchanger (3A) operates in natural circulation. Chaudière selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que ledit premier échangeur thermique (3A) est constitué d'un faisceau de tubes.Boiler according to any one of the claims previous, characterized in that said first exchanger thermal (3A) consists of a bundle of tubes. Chaudière selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que lesdits tubes sont horizontaux.Boiler according to claim 3, characterized in that that said tubes are horizontal. Chaudière selon la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que lesdits tubes sont pourvus d'au moins une rainure hélicoïdale.Boiler according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that said tubes are provided with at least one groove helical. Chaudière selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que ledit deuxième échangeur (3B) fait partie intégrante d'une paroi dudit foyer (1).Boiler according to any one of the claims previous, characterized in that said second exchanger (3B) is an integral part of a wall of said hearth (1). Chaudière selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que ledit deuxième échangeur thermique (3B) est immergé dans ledit foyer (1).Boiler according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said second heat exchanger (3B) is immersed in said hearth (1). Chaudière selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que ledit deuxième échangeur thermique (3B) est disposé dans une extension d'écran (1B) dudit lit fluidisé circulant.Boiler according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said second heat exchanger (3B) is arranged in a screen extension (1B) of said bed circulating fluidized.
EP98402063A 1997-08-18 1998-08-14 Boiler with external dense fluidised bed Expired - Lifetime EP0898115B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE69810717T DE69810717T3 (en) 1997-08-18 1998-08-14 Boiler with external dense fluidized bed

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9710425 1997-08-18
FR9710425A FR2767379B1 (en) 1997-08-18 1997-08-18 EXTERNAL DENSE FLUIDIZED BED BOILER

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0898115A1 true EP0898115A1 (en) 1999-02-24
EP0898115B1 EP0898115B1 (en) 2003-01-15
EP0898115B2 EP0898115B2 (en) 2012-06-13

Family

ID=9510338

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98402063A Expired - Lifetime EP0898115B2 (en) 1997-08-18 1998-08-14 Boiler with external dense fluidised bed

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US6003476A (en)
EP (1) EP0898115B2 (en)
JP (1) JPH11182802A (en)
KR (1) KR19990023666A (en)
CN (1) CN1118661C (en)
AT (1) ATE231230T1 (en)
DE (1) DE69810717T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2187908T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2767379B1 (en)
PL (1) PL328051A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA987423B (en)

Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009017972A2 (en) * 2007-07-31 2009-02-05 Alstom Technology Ltd Integral waterwall external heat exchangers

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI121637B (en) * 2004-07-23 2011-02-15 Foster Wheeler Energia Oy Method and apparatus for protecting a heat exchanger
EP2735791B1 (en) * 2012-11-23 2015-07-29 Alstom Technology Ltd Boiler having a fluidized bed heat exchanger
CN112933622B (en) * 2021-02-02 2023-01-31 崔秋生 Device and method for heat recovery of oil in internal floating roof storage tank

Citations (3)

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EP0068301A1 (en) * 1981-07-01 1983-01-05 Deutsche Babcock Anlagen Aktiengesellschaft Steam generator with circulating atmospheric or supercharged fluidised-bed combustion
EP0274637A1 (en) * 1986-12-11 1988-07-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Steam generator with a circulating fluidised bed
US5273000A (en) * 1992-12-30 1993-12-28 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Reheat steam temperature control in a circulating fluidized bed steam generator

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US3968346A (en) * 1973-06-01 1976-07-06 Cooksley Ralph D Method and apparatus for electrically heating a fluid
ATE87077T1 (en) † 1985-06-12 1993-04-15 Metallgesellschaft Ag CIRCULATION FLUID BED COMBUSTER.
US5005528A (en) † 1990-04-12 1991-04-09 Tampella Keeler Inc. Bubbling fluid bed boiler with recycle
US5463968A (en) * 1994-08-25 1995-11-07 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Fluidized bed combustion system and method having a multicompartment variable duty recycle heat exchanger

Patent Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0068301A1 (en) * 1981-07-01 1983-01-05 Deutsche Babcock Anlagen Aktiengesellschaft Steam generator with circulating atmospheric or supercharged fluidised-bed combustion
EP0274637A1 (en) * 1986-12-11 1988-07-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Steam generator with a circulating fluidised bed
US5273000A (en) * 1992-12-30 1993-12-28 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Reheat steam temperature control in a circulating fluidized bed steam generator

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009017972A2 (en) * 2007-07-31 2009-02-05 Alstom Technology Ltd Integral waterwall external heat exchangers
WO2009017972A3 (en) * 2007-07-31 2010-04-01 Alstom Technology Ltd Integral waterwall external heat exchangers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69810717T3 (en) 2012-12-27
FR2767379B1 (en) 1999-11-12
ES2187908T3 (en) 2003-06-16
CN1118661C (en) 2003-08-20
DE69810717D1 (en) 2003-02-20
ZA987423B (en) 1999-09-22
EP0898115B1 (en) 2003-01-15
EP0898115B2 (en) 2012-06-13
PL328051A1 (en) 1999-03-01
DE69810717T2 (en) 2003-10-23
ATE231230T1 (en) 2003-02-15
JPH11182802A (en) 1999-07-06
KR19990023666A (en) 1999-03-25
FR2767379A1 (en) 1999-02-19
CN1211702A (en) 1999-03-24
US6003476A (en) 1999-12-21

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