CN1211702A - Boiler with compact external fluidized bed - Google Patents

Boiler with compact external fluidized bed Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1211702A
CN1211702A CN98117952A CN98117952A CN1211702A CN 1211702 A CN1211702 A CN 1211702A CN 98117952 A CN98117952 A CN 98117952A CN 98117952 A CN98117952 A CN 98117952A CN 1211702 A CN1211702 A CN 1211702A
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China
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
boiler
stove
fluidized bed
pipeline
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Granted
Application number
CN98117952A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN1118661C (en
Inventor
让-克劳德·塞梅达尔
皮埃尔·戈维尔
克里斯蒂昂·埃诺
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General Electric Technology GmbH
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GEC Alsthom Stein Industrie
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Application filed by GEC Alsthom Stein Industrie filed Critical GEC Alsthom Stein Industrie
Publication of CN1211702A publication Critical patent/CN1211702A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN1118661C publication Critical patent/CN1118661C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22BMETHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F22B31/0007Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed
    • F22B31/0015Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed for boilers of the water tube type
    • F22B31/003Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed for boilers of the water tube type with tubes surrounding the bed or with water tube wall partitions
    • F22B31/0038Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed for boilers of the water tube type with tubes surrounding the bed or with water tube wall partitions with tubes in the bed
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22BMETHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F22B31/0007Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed
    • F22B31/0084Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed with recirculation of separated solids or with cooling of the bed particles outside the combustion bed
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22BMETHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F22B31/0007Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed
    • F22B31/0015Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed for boilers of the water tube type
    • F22B31/0023Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed for boilers of the water tube type with tubes in the bed
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22BMETHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F22B31/0007Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed
    • F22B31/0069Systems therefor
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22BMETHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F22B31/08Installation of heat-exchange apparatus or of means in boilers for heating air supplied for combustion
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D13/00Heat-exchange apparatus using a fluidised bed

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)

Abstract

A boiler comprising a circulating fluidized bed hearth, a separator member for separating flue gas and solids extracted from the hearth, an external dense fluidized bed between the solids outlet of the separator member and the base of the hearth, the external bed containing a first heat exchanger in which a coolant fluid to be evaporated circulates. The outlet of the first heat exchanger is connected to a second heat exchanger placed in the hearth.

Description

Has compact external fluidized bed boiler
The present invention relates to a kind of boiler, this boiler comprises an evaporimeter that immerses in compact external fluidized bed.
This boiler mainly comprises as lower member:
-one circulating fluid bed stove comprises some vertical pipes on the wall of this stove, the aqueous emulsion (liquid and gas) that the water evaporation produces circulates in these pipelines, and this aqueous emulsion is introduced to the bottom of these pipelines;
-one separating mechanism that is generally cyclone cluster, this mechanism reclaims on the top of stove, so that the solid particle that combustion gas and fluidisation in this stove are crossed is introduced in two different pipe fittings;
-one compact external fluidized bed, this fluid bed links to each other with the particle pipe fitting of separating mechanism on the one hand, link to each other with the bottom of stove on the other hand, this is external fluidized bed to comprise a heat exchanger, heat exchanger is passed to heat transport fluid to be evaporated with the heat of particle, and this heat transport fluid to be evaporated is generally water.
This heat exchanger is generally tube bank shape, and fluid can flow naturally, also can make it quicken to flow with one or more pumps.
The heat exchanger of Natural Circulation is made difficulty.At first, have suitable flow velocity in order to be in operation, the pipeline of these heat exchangers needs tilting, like this, if require to keep essentially identical heat exchange surface, then compares with the parallelpiped situation, will increase the height of pipeline.Yet the height of fluid bed is subjected to the restriction of fluidisation pressure and fluidizing stability.In any case, this height that is allowed can not surpass 4 meters substantially, does not consider substantially with the height that surpasses 5 meters.Secondly, these ducted speed should be suitable, so that prevent DNB phenomenon (for " departing from nuclear boiling " of critical heating), prevents laminar flow simultaneously, that is to say the interface that prevents liquid vapour.Thisly mobilely can produce following phenomenon: pipeline is overheated, thermal shock and corrosion.For the speed that needing to obtain, the cross section of pipeline should be very big, and bigger evaporation height should be left in the pipeline upper end.In addition,, do not have enough hot particles at run duration, so, evaporation capacity seldom, ducted speed is big inadequately, thereby the DNB phenomenon can occur.
The heat exchanger that quickens to circulate can overcome the difficulty that the Natural Circulation heat exchanger is run into.But used pump is very expensive, and these pumps can break down, and this is unfavorable for improving the efficient of boiler.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of compact external fluidized bed boiler that has, this boiler structure is simple, and has the higher stable performance.
According to the present invention, this boiler comprises as lower member: a circulating fluid bed stove; A separating mechanism, this mechanism separates with solid the gas that extracts in this stove; Compact external fluidized bed between the bottom of a solid outlet that is arranged on separating mechanism and described stove, this is external fluidized bed to comprise one first heat exchanger, heat transport fluid to be evaporated circulates in this heat exchanger, in addition, the outlet of this first heat exchanger links to each other with second heat exchanger in being in described stove.
This second heat exchanger can obviously increase the circulation rate in first heat-exchanger pipeline.Like this, though first heat exchanger operate to Natural Circulation, the pipeline that constitutes first heat exchanger also can be horizontally disposed with, and can not occur installing dangerous.
First heat exchanger advantageously is made of tube bank.
These pipelines are level preferably.
In addition, these pipelines have at least one helicla flute.
So just can reduce circulation rate, so that prevent to occur in these pipelines the DNB phenomenon.
According to first embodiment of boiler, second heat exchanger constitutes the part of furnace wall.
According to second embodiment, second heat exchanger immerses in the stove.
When stove is when having the recirculating fluidized bed of the inside diaphragm on some tube walls that are welded to this stove, advantageous particularly then of the present invention, these diaphragms are called and extend screen.
Equally, according to the 3rd embodiment, second heat exchanger is arranged in the extension screen of this stove.
By below in conjunction with accompanying drawing to the detailed description that as an illustration boiler embodiment carries out, will more be expressly understood the present invention, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of boiler of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the horizontal cross of first embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the vertical sectional view of second embodiment;
Fig. 4 is the horizontal cross of the 3rd embodiment.
Member among the different figure is represented with same numeral.
In Fig. 1, only illustrate and be used to understand boiler component essential to the invention.
Therefore this boiler comprises a stove 1 that is used to preserve solid particle fuel in it.The top of this stove 1 links to each other with separating mechanism 2 by feeding pipe 12, and described pipeline is used to transmit gaseous fuel and recirculation particle.
Separating mechanism 12 for example is a cyclone cluster, gas in its extraction discharge tube 20 and the particle in the recirculation conduit 23, and discharge tube comes from the top of separating mechanism, and recirculation conduit leads to compact external fluidized bed 3.This recirculation conduit has a siphon pipe and some sleeve pipes usually.Described outer bed has one first heat exchanger 3A, and first heat exchanger is preferably in the vertical plane crooked for tube bank shape, these pipes, and pipe section is a level so that make longitudinally.By the heat transport fluid that inlet tube 39 need evaporate to first heat exchanger 3A supply, for example supply water.The outlet 30 of this heat exchanger 3 links to each other with the second heat exchanger 3B, and second heat exchanger contacts with stove 1.
When the upper wall of body of heater is made of one group of vertical pipe 1A that links together to each other, be suitable for using first embodiment of the second heat exchanger 3B shown in Fig. 1 and 2.In this case, one of them pipeline constitutes the second heat exchanger 3B, and the lower end of this pipeline links to each other with the outlet 30 of the first heat exchanger 3A.It should be noted that the first heat exchanger 3A has only an outlet.Usually, if what relate to is tube bank, then can in second heat exchanger, be provided with and the pipeline 1A that restrains contained pipeline as much.
According to second embodiment shown in Figure 3, no matter the performance of furnace wall how, the second heat exchanger 3B is arranged on the evaporimeter in this stove.
So the present invention is applicable to the boiler that has recirculating fluidized bed in its stove that has pipeline 1.So at least one extension that is welded in the furnace wall is set usually shields.This extension screen itself is made of the vertical pipe that is connected to each other together.
Equally, according to the 3rd embodiment, the second heat exchanger 3B is made of a pipeline that extends in the screen, and the lower end of this pipeline links to each other with the outlet 30 of the first heat exchanger 3A.
In addition, when the one or more pipelines that constitute first heat exchanger are the cutting pipeline, that is to say when side opposite has one or more helicla flute, can also improve the performance of the first heat exchanger 3A.Its reason is, because centrifugal action, the steam in the emulsion can focus on pipe interior, so just can avoid occurring the DNB phenomenon.
Usually the present invention is used for first heat exchanger of Natural Circulation.But, quickening recycle heat exchanger if use, the present invention just can reduce the power of used pump greatly, thereby reduces power consumption.
Above-mentioned embodiment only provides as an example, and those skilled in the art are very clear, can implement the present invention with diverse ways, as long as replace with the means that are equal to.

Claims (8)

1. boiler, it comprises as lower member: a circulating fluid bed stove (1); A separating mechanism (2), this mechanism separates with solid the gas that extracts in this stove; Compact external fluidized bed (3) between the bottom of solid outlet (23) that is arranged on described separating mechanism (2) and described stove (1), this external fluidized bed one first heat exchanger (3A) that comprises, heat transport fluid to be evaporated circulates in this heat exchanger, it is characterized in that the outlet (30) of this first heat exchanger (3A) second heat exchanger (3B) interior with being in stove (1) links to each other.
2. boiler according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described first heat exchanger (3A) operate to Natural Circulation.
3. boiler according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described first heat exchanger (3A) is made of tube bank.
4. boiler according to claim 3 is characterized in that described pipeline is a level.
5. according to claim 3 or 4 described boilers, it is characterized in that described pipeline has at least one helicla flute.
6. according to the described boiler of above-mentioned arbitrary claim, it is characterized in that described second heat exchanger (3B) constitutes the part of the wall of described stove (1).
7. according to the described boiler of one of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that described second heat exchanger (3B) immerses in the stove (1).
8. according to the described boiler of one of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that described second heat exchanger (3B) is arranged in the extension screen (1B) of described Circulation fluidized-bed furnace.
CN98117952A 1997-08-18 1998-08-18 Boiler with compact external fluidized bed Expired - Lifetime CN1118661C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9710425A FR2767379B1 (en) 1997-08-18 1997-08-18 EXTERNAL DENSE FLUIDIZED BED BOILER
FR9710425 1997-08-18

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1211702A true CN1211702A (en) 1999-03-24
CN1118661C CN1118661C (en) 2003-08-20

Family

ID=9510338

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN98117952A Expired - Lifetime CN1118661C (en) 1997-08-18 1998-08-18 Boiler with compact external fluidized bed

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US6003476A (en)
EP (1) EP0898115B2 (en)
JP (1) JPH11182802A (en)
KR (1) KR19990023666A (en)
CN (1) CN1118661C (en)
AT (1) ATE231230T1 (en)
DE (1) DE69810717T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2187908T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2767379B1 (en)
PL (1) PL328051A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA987423B (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI121637B (en) * 2004-07-23 2011-02-15 Foster Wheeler Energia Oy Method and apparatus for protecting a heat exchanger
US20090031967A1 (en) * 2007-07-31 2009-02-05 Alstom Technology Ltd Integral waterwall external heat exchangers
PL2735791T3 (en) * 2012-11-23 2015-12-31 General Electric Technology Gmbh Boiler having a fluidized bed heat exchanger
CN112933622B (en) * 2021-02-02 2023-01-31 崔秋生 Device and method for heat recovery of oil in internal floating roof storage tank

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3968346A (en) * 1973-06-01 1976-07-06 Cooksley Ralph D Method and apparatus for electrically heating a fluid
DE3125849A1 (en) * 1981-07-01 1983-01-20 Deutsche Babcock Anlagen Ag, 4200 Oberhausen STEAM GENERATOR WITH CIRCULATING ATMOSPHERIC OR PRESSURE-CHARGED FLUEL BURN FIRING AND METHOD FOR ITS REGULATION
EP0206066B1 (en) 1985-06-12 1993-03-17 Metallgesellschaft Ag Circulating fluid-bed combustion device
DE3642396A1 (en) * 1986-12-11 1988-06-16 Siemens Ag STEAM GENERATOR SYSTEM WITH A CIRCULATING FLUID BED
US5005528A (en) 1990-04-12 1991-04-09 Tampella Keeler Inc. Bubbling fluid bed boiler with recycle
US5273000A (en) * 1992-12-30 1993-12-28 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Reheat steam temperature control in a circulating fluidized bed steam generator
US5463968A (en) * 1994-08-25 1995-11-07 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Fluidized bed combustion system and method having a multicompartment variable duty recycle heat exchanger

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0898115B1 (en) 2003-01-15
FR2767379B1 (en) 1999-11-12
EP0898115A1 (en) 1999-02-24
KR19990023666A (en) 1999-03-25
ZA987423B (en) 1999-09-22
JPH11182802A (en) 1999-07-06
DE69810717T2 (en) 2003-10-23
CN1118661C (en) 2003-08-20
PL328051A1 (en) 1999-03-01
FR2767379A1 (en) 1999-02-19
ATE231230T1 (en) 2003-02-15
DE69810717T3 (en) 2012-12-27
DE69810717D1 (en) 2003-02-20
US6003476A (en) 1999-12-21
EP0898115B2 (en) 2012-06-13
ES2187908T3 (en) 2003-06-16

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