EP0897762B1 - Device for sorting raw, pre-treated or recycled bulk material - Google Patents

Device for sorting raw, pre-treated or recycled bulk material Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0897762B1
EP0897762B1 EP98115895A EP98115895A EP0897762B1 EP 0897762 B1 EP0897762 B1 EP 0897762B1 EP 98115895 A EP98115895 A EP 98115895A EP 98115895 A EP98115895 A EP 98115895A EP 0897762 B1 EP0897762 B1 EP 0897762B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bulk material
end portion
disposed
light
sorted
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98115895A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0897762A3 (en
EP0897762A2 (en
Inventor
Wolfgangdipl. Ing. Sommer
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Optosort SOMMER GmbH
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Optosort SOMMER GmbH
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Publication of EP0897762A3 publication Critical patent/EP0897762A3/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
    • B07C5/342—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour
    • B07C5/3422—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour using video scanning devices, e.g. TV-cameras
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/02—Measures preceding sorting, e.g. arranging articles in a stream orientating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for sorting raw materials, Pre-refined or recycled bulk goods that are sorted out of individual Parts exist, with the classification of the parts to be sorted by empirically determined classification parameters and that bulk material to be sorted out via a separating device of a Separator is supplied.
  • the bulk material is first conditioned and then via a Separating device of the separating device for deflecting individual ones Bulk particles fed.
  • the separation facilities are usually as Separating vibrors trained. These require a relatively large one Overall length, which is perceived as a disadvantage.
  • the object of the invention is the device of the beginning mentioned type, known from DE-A-195 04 932, so that they improve has only a small size and is used for a large grain spectrum can be.
  • the separation device of the good selection station is as Cell wheel lock designed, e.g. for use at Plastic granules, copper aluminum granules, aluminum lead granules, Zinc aluminum granules and differently colored glass granules has proven.
  • the lighting consists of diffuse infrared, ultraviolet and normal light, the light fractions depending on the product to be sorted.
  • the granules reach the area of effect of two Nozzle sticks for compressed air, which are arranged on both sides of the granulate flow.
  • the nozzles with diameters from 0.8 to 6 mm are wall-tight strung together.
  • the compressed air with a pressure of 3 - 6 bar can be uncooled or e.g. Be cooled 1 - 3 ° K below the ambient temperature.
  • the nozzle sticks are driven in opposite directions, so that three with a sorting process different product qualities can be sorted out.
  • the material transport device is arranged on a frame 8. it consists of a delivery station 6, which is followed by a service zone 2. On this follows a zone for a control sieve 5 for unsuitable particles dissipate. Then a conditioning zone 3 is provided, in which the Bulk material is moistened. Liquid water is drained 4 dissipated. In a cellular wheel sluice 7 following the draining section 4 the bulk material particles isolated, the necessary using a sensor system The objects are separated in the detection plane. When leaving the Cell wheel lock 7 is used to separate the bulk material particles by means of a Good selection station 9. The selected bulk goods particles then pass through Gravity on floor conveyor 10, 11 and are discharged.
  • a downwardly inclined slide 13 is arranged, on which dehumidified bulk material arrives (Fig. 2).
  • the rotary valve 7 At a distance a from the end portion 12 is the rotary valve 7 at a distance b from the surface of the slide 13 arranged This can be designed as a brush roller. It is over the Slide 13 arranged so that the particles of the bulk material through the Brush roller retracted and after adjusting the speed again be released. Via a frequency converter, not shown the peripheral speed of the brush roller can be changed.
  • a line scan camera 14 and a background 15 assigned to it is also be two Line cameras 14 or one formed by a light-sensitive diode chain Line can be provided.
  • FIG. 3 there is a camera filter 16 in front of the line camera 14 arranged, which is effective for normal light, ultraviolet light and infrared light.
  • the measuring line formed by the line camera 14 and the background 15 an illumination device 17 is assigned.
  • the lighting device 17 consists of 3 diodes or lights 18, 19, 20, each of which is ultraviolet light or Emit infrared light or normal light. These three light fractions are each mixed by product to be sorted.
  • a long pass filter 21 is arranged in front of the diodes or lights 18, 19, 20 arranged.
  • the compressed air can be cooled to e.g. 1 - 3 ° K be below ambient temperature or uncooled.
  • the nozzles are strung together.
  • the nozzle diameter can be 0.8 to 6 mm be.
  • the nozzle blocks 22, 23 are driven in opposite directions, so with one sort process involves three product grades of different shades of gray.
  • the product B falls into a receptacle 24 in free fall.
  • the product A is deflected from the bulk material flow 27 by the nozzle assembly 23 and falls into the receptacle 25.
  • the product C is discharged through the nozzle assembly 22 the bulk material flow 27 deflected and gets into the receiving container 26.
  • Die Receptacles 24, 25, 26 are arranged on the floor conveyors 10, 11 (Fig. 1).
  • Fig. 4 shows a rotary valve 7, by means of which in particular Rejection security for small bulk objects is increased. With these there is the problem that compared to larger objects others Fall speed ratios exist. Therefore, the viewing and Separation area for small objects can be made as small as possible. Because due the geometrical dimensions of the objects do not affect the large fraction can be reduced, the fall speed according to the invention harmonized.
  • the cellular wheel sluice 7 according to FIG. 4 is particularly suitable for this. This consists of two counter-rotating brushes 29, 30, which are coaxial are arranged to each other and by two counter-rotating pendulum-stroke drives 31, 32 are driven by a frequency rectifier.

Abstract

The machine (1) has a track along which the materials are passed. It terminates in a separator wheel and delivery chute to a sensing station and separate conveyors for different classified parameters.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Sortierung von rohstofflichen, vorveredelten oder recycelten Schüttgütern, die aus einzelnen zu sortierenden Teilen bestehen, wobei die Klassifizierung der zu sortierenden Teile nach empirisch bestimmten Klassifikationsparametern erfolgt und das auszusortierende Schüttgut über eine Vereinzelungseinrichtung einer Trenneinrichtung zugeführt wird.The invention relates to a device for sorting raw materials, Pre-refined or recycled bulk goods that are sorted out of individual Parts exist, with the classification of the parts to be sorted by empirically determined classification parameters and that bulk material to be sorted out via a separating device of a Separator is supplied.

Hierzu wird das Schüttgut zunächst konditioniert und dann über eine Vereinzelungseinrichtung der Trenneinrichtung zum Auslenken vereinzelter Schüttgutteilchen zugeführt. Die Vereinzelungseinrichtungen sind im Regelfall als Vereinzelungs-Vibrorinnen ausgebildet. Diese erfordern eine relativ große Baulänge, was als Nachteil empfunden wird.For this purpose, the bulk material is first conditioned and then via a Separating device of the separating device for deflecting individual ones Bulk particles fed. The separation facilities are usually as Separating vibrors trained. These require a relatively large one Overall length, which is perceived as a disadvantage.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, die Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art, bekannt durch die DE-A-195 04 932, so zu verbessern, daß sie nur eine geringe Baugröße aufweist und für ein großes Kornspektrum eingesetzt werden kann.The object of the invention is the device of the beginning mentioned type, known from DE-A-195 04 932, so that they improve has only a small size and is used for a large grain spectrum can be.

Erfindungsgemäß erfolgt die Lösung der Aufgabe durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 1. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung werden in den abhängigen Ansprüchen beschrieben.According to the invention the problem is solved by the characterizing Features of claim 1. Be advantageous embodiments of the invention described in the dependent claims.

Nach der Erfindung ist die Vereinzelungseinrichtung der Gutselektierstation als Zellenradschleuse ausgebildet, die sich z.B. für den Einsatz bei Kunststoffgranulaten, Kupferaluminiumgranulat, Aluminiumbleigranulat, Zinkaluminiumgranulat sowie unterschiedlich eingefärbten Glasgranulaten bewährt hat. Nach der Vereinzelung des Granulats auf einer nach unten gerichteten Rutsche wird es zur Messung unsortiert, d.h. als chaotischer Produktstrom, zunächst im freien Fall an einer oder zwei Zeilenkameras oder einer Zeile lichtempfindlicher Dioden vorbeigeführt. Die Beleuchtung besteht aus diffusstrahlendem Infrarot-, Ultraviolett- und Normallicht, wobei die Lichtfraktionen je nach dem zu sortierenden Produkt gemischt werden. Nach der Beleuchtungseinheit gelangt das Granulat in den Wirkungsbereich von zwei Düsenstöcken für Druckluft, die beidseitig des Granulatstromes angeordnet sind. Die Düsen mit Durchmessern von 0,8 bis 6 mm sind wandungseng aneinandergereiht. Die Druckluft mit einem Druck von 3 - 6 bar kann ungekühlt oder z.B. 1 - 3 °K unter der Umgebungstemperatur gekühlt sein. Die Düsenstöcke werden gegenläufig angesteuert, so daß mit einem Sortiervorgang drei unterschiedliche Produktqualitäten aussortiert werden können.According to the invention, the separation device of the good selection station is as Cell wheel lock designed, e.g. for use at Plastic granules, copper aluminum granules, aluminum lead granules, Zinc aluminum granules and differently colored glass granules has proven. After separating the granules down on one directed slide it is unsorted for measurement, i.e. than chaotic Product stream, first in free fall on one or two line cameras or passed a line of light-sensitive diodes. The lighting consists of diffuse infrared, ultraviolet and normal light, the light fractions depending on the product to be sorted. After Illumination unit, the granules reach the area of effect of two Nozzle sticks for compressed air, which are arranged on both sides of the granulate flow. The nozzles with diameters from 0.8 to 6 mm are wall-tight strung together. The compressed air with a pressure of 3 - 6 bar can be uncooled or e.g. Be cooled 1 - 3 ° K below the ambient temperature. The nozzle sticks are driven in opposite directions, so that three with a sorting process different product qualities can be sorted out.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand des in den Zeichnungen schematisch dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung näher erläutert. Es zeigt

Fig. 1
die Vorrichtung in einer schematischen Seitenansicht,
Fig. 2
die Anordnung der Zellenradschleuse der Vorrichtung nach Fig. 1 in einer schematischen Seitenansicht,
Fig. 3
die Gutselektierstation der Vorrichtung nach Fig. 1 in einer schematischen Seitenansicht,
Fig. 4
eine Ausbildung der Zellenradschleuse in einer perspektivischen Darstellung.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the exemplary embodiment of a device according to the invention, which is shown schematically in the drawings. It shows
Fig. 1
the device in a schematic side view,
Fig. 2
1 shows a schematic side view of the arrangement of the cellular wheel sluice of the device according to FIG. 1,
Fig. 3
1 in a schematic side view,
Fig. 4
an embodiment of the rotary valve in a perspective view.

Auf einem Rahmen 8 ist die Guttransporteinrichtung angeordnet. Sie besteht aus einer Gutaufgabestation 6, an die sich eine Aufschlagzone 2 anschließt. Auf diese folgt eine Zone für eine Kontrollsiebung 5, um ungeeignete Teilchen abzuführen. Danach ist eine Konditionierungszone 3 vorgesehen, in der das Schüttgut befeuchtet wird. Flüssiges Wasser wird an einer Abtropfstrecke 4 abgeführt. In einer an die Abtropfstrecke 4 folgenden Zellenradschleuse 7 werden die Schüttgutteilchen vereinzelt, wobei mittels einer Sensorik die notwendige Vereinzelung der Objekte in der Detektionsebene erfolgt. Beim Verlassen der Zellenradschleuse 7 erfolgt die Trennung der Schüttgutteilchen mittels einer Gutselektierstation 9. Die selektierten Schüttgutteilchen gelangen dann durch Schwerkraft auf Bodenförderer 10, 11 und werden abgeführt. The material transport device is arranged on a frame 8. it consists of a delivery station 6, which is followed by a service zone 2. On this follows a zone for a control sieve 5 for unsuitable particles dissipate. Then a conditioning zone 3 is provided, in which the Bulk material is moistened. Liquid water is drained 4 dissipated. In a cellular wheel sluice 7 following the draining section 4 the bulk material particles isolated, the necessary using a sensor system The objects are separated in the detection plane. When leaving the Cell wheel lock 7 is used to separate the bulk material particles by means of a Good selection station 9. The selected bulk goods particles then pass through Gravity on floor conveyor 10, 11 and are discharged.

Am ausgangsseitigen Endabschnitt 12 der Abtropfstrecke 4, der als Abwurfkante ausgebildet ist, ist eine nach unten geneigte Rutsche 13 angeordnet, auf die das entfeuchtete Schüttgut gelangt (Fig. 2). Im Abstand a von dem Endabschnitt 12 ist im Abstand b von der Oberfläche der Rutsche 13 die Zellenradschleuse 7 angeordnet Diese kann als Bürstenwalze ausgebildet sein. Sie ist über der Rutsche 13 so angeordnet, daß die Teilchen des Schüttgutes durch die Bürstenwalze eingezogen und nach dem Angleichen der Geschwindigkeit wieder freigegeben werden. Über einen nicht näher dargestellten Frequenzumrichter kann die Umfangsgeschwindigkeit der Bürstenwalze verändert werden. In einer Ebene unter dem unteren Endabschnitt 28 der Rutsche 13 ist eine Zeilenkamera 14 und ein dieser zugeordneter Hintergrund 15 angeordnet. Es können auch zwei Zeilenkameras 14 oder eine durch eine lichtempfindliche Diodenkette gebildete Zeile vorgesehen werden.At the outlet-side end section 12 of the draining section 4, which acts as a discharge edge is formed, a downwardly inclined slide 13 is arranged, on which dehumidified bulk material arrives (Fig. 2). At a distance a from the end portion 12 is the rotary valve 7 at a distance b from the surface of the slide 13 arranged This can be designed as a brush roller. It is over the Slide 13 arranged so that the particles of the bulk material through the Brush roller retracted and after adjusting the speed again be released. Via a frequency converter, not shown the peripheral speed of the brush roller can be changed. In a Level below lower end portion 28 of slide 13 is a line scan camera 14 and a background 15 assigned to it. It can also be two Line cameras 14 or one formed by a light-sensitive diode chain Line can be provided.

Wie in Fig. 3 dargestellt, ist vor der Zeilenkamera 14 ein Kamerafilter 16 angeordnet, der für Normallicht, Ultraviolettlicht und Infrarotlicht wirksam ist. Der durch die Zeilenkamera 14 und den Hintergrund 15 gebildeten Meßstrecke ist eine Beleuchtungseinrichtung 17 zugeordnet. Die Beleuchtungseinrichtung 17 besteht aus 3 Dioden oder Leuchten 18, 19, 20, die jeweils Ultraviolettlicht bzw. Infrarotlicht bzw. Normallicht ausstrahlen. Diese drei Lichtfraktionen werden je nach zu sortierendem Produkt gemischt. Vor den Dioden oder Leuchten 18, 19, 20 ist ein Langpaßfilter 21 angeordnet.As shown in FIG. 3, there is a camera filter 16 in front of the line camera 14 arranged, which is effective for normal light, ultraviolet light and infrared light. The measuring line formed by the line camera 14 and the background 15 an illumination device 17 is assigned. The lighting device 17 consists of 3 diodes or lights 18, 19, 20, each of which is ultraviolet light or Emit infrared light or normal light. These three light fractions are each mixed by product to be sorted. In front of the diodes or lights 18, 19, 20 a long pass filter 21 is arranged.

Unter der Beleuchtungseinrichtung 17 sind in der Detektionsebene einander entgegengesetzt zwei Düsenstöcke 22, 23 angeordnet, die mit Druckluft von z.B. 3 - 6 bar Druck beaufschlagt werden. Die Druckluft kann gekühlt auf z.B. 1 - 3°K unter Umgebungstemperatur oder aber auch ungekühlt sein. Die Düsen sind wandungseng aneinandergereiht. Die Düsendurchmesser können 0,8 bis 6 mm betragen. Die Düsenstöcke 22, 23 werden gegenläufig angesteuert, damit mit einem Sortiervorgang drei Produktqualitäten unterschiedlicher Graustufe anfallen. Das Produkt B gelangt im freien Fall in einen Aufnahmebehälter 24. Das Produkt A wird durch den Düsenstock 23 aus dem Schüttgutstrom 27 ausgelenkt und fällt in den Aufnahmebehälter 25. Das Produkt C wird durch den Düsenstock 22 aus dem Schüttgutstrom 27 ausgelenkt und gelangt in den Aufnahmebehälter 26. Die Aufnahmebehälter 24, 25, 26 sind auf den Bodenförderem 10, 11 angeordnet (Fig. 1).Under the lighting device 17 are in the detection plane with each other oppositely arranged two nozzle assemblies 22, 23, which with compressed air from e.g. 3 - 6 bar pressure can be applied. The compressed air can be cooled to e.g. 1 - 3 ° K be below ambient temperature or uncooled. The nozzles are strung together. The nozzle diameter can be 0.8 to 6 mm be. The nozzle blocks 22, 23 are driven in opposite directions, so with one sort process involves three product grades of different shades of gray. The product B falls into a receptacle 24 in free fall. The product A is deflected from the bulk material flow 27 by the nozzle assembly 23 and falls into the receptacle 25. The product C is discharged through the nozzle assembly 22 the bulk material flow 27 deflected and gets into the receiving container 26. Die Receptacles 24, 25, 26 are arranged on the floor conveyors 10, 11 (Fig. 1).

Fig. 4 zeigt eine Zellenradschleuse 7, mittels derer insbesondere die Ausschleussicherheit bei kleinen Schüttgutobjekten erhöht wird. Bei diesen besteht das Problem, daß im Vergleich zu größeren Objekten andere Fallgeschwindigkeitsverhältnisse vorliegen. Daher muß der Betrachtungs- und Trennbereich für kleine Objekte möglichst klein gestaltet werden. Da aufgrund der großen Fraktion die geometrischen Abmessungen der Objekte nicht verkleinert werden können, wird nach der Erfindung die Fallgeschwindigkeit harmonisiert. Hierzu ist die Zellenradschleuse 7 nach Fig. 4 besonders geeignet. Diese besteht aus zwei gegenläufig rotierenden Bürsten 29, 30, die koaxial zueinander angeordnet sind und von zwei gegenläufigen Pendelhubantrieben 31, 32 über einen Frequenzgleichrichter angetrieben werden.Fig. 4 shows a rotary valve 7, by means of which in particular Rejection security for small bulk objects is increased. With these there is the problem that compared to larger objects others Fall speed ratios exist. Therefore, the viewing and Separation area for small objects can be made as small as possible. Because due the geometrical dimensions of the objects do not affect the large fraction can be reduced, the fall speed according to the invention harmonized. The cellular wheel sluice 7 according to FIG. 4 is particularly suitable for this. This consists of two counter-rotating brushes 29, 30, which are coaxial are arranged to each other and by two counter-rotating pendulum-stroke drives 31, 32 are driven by a frequency rectifier.

Claims (12)

  1. A device for sorting raw, pre-refined or recycled bulk material consisting of discrete parts to be sorted, the classification of the parts to be sorted being effected according to empirically determined classification parameters and the bulk material to be sorted being fed to a separating device via a device for marshalling the material into singles, characterized in that the device for marshalling the material into singles is configured as a cellular wheel sluice (7) disposed above a downwardly sloping chute (13) the upper end portion of which is associated with the end portion (12) of a material feed path which is configured as a discharge end and the lower end portion (28) of which, configured as a discharge end, is associated with the separating device that consists of an illumination array (17) and of at least one line camera (14) which is disposed in the plane beneath the end portion (28) of the chute (13) and marshals the bulk material into singles in the detection plane by means of a sensor mechanism.
  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the sensor mechanism consists of an illumination array (17) and of at least one line of light sensitive diode string that is arranged in the plane beneath the end portion (18) of chute (13).
  3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that a background (15) is associated with the at least one line camera (14) or with the line of light sensitive diode string.
  4. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that a camera filter (16) for normal light, infrared light and ultra violet light is disposed in front of the at least one line camera (14).
  5. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the illumination array (17) consists of three diodes or lights (18, 19, 20) for ultra violet light, infrared light and normal light respectively.
  6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that a longpass filter (21) is disposed in front of the diodes or lights (18, 19, 20).
  7. The device according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the separating device consists of two penstocks (22, 23) that are disposed beneath the plane of the sensor mechanism on either side of the stream of bulk material (27) so as to face said stream of bulk material (27) and that are actuatable in opposite directions.
  8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the nozzles of the penstock (22, 23) have a diameter of 0.8 to 6 mm.
  9. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that cooled or uncooled compressed air is applied to the penstocks (22, 23).
  10. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that three receiving tanks (24, 25, 26) for receiving products with the same grey scale that have been separated from the stream of bulk material (27) are disposed beneath the detection plane formed by the penstocks (22, 23).
  11. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cellular wheel sluice (7) consists of two counterrotating brushes (29, 30) that are drivable by means of a pendulum drive (31, 32) each.
  12. The device according to claim 11, characterized in that the pendulum drives (31, 32) are connected to a frequency converter.
EP98115895A 1997-08-22 1998-08-24 Device for sorting raw, pre-treated or recycled bulk material Expired - Lifetime EP0897762B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19736536 1997-08-22
DE19736536A DE19736536A1 (en) 1997-08-22 1997-08-22 Device for sorting raw materials, pre-processed or recycled bulk goods, which consist of individual parts to be sorted, the parts to be sorted being classified according to empirically determined classification parameters and the bulk material to be sorted out being derived

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EP0897762A2 EP0897762A2 (en) 1999-02-24
EP0897762A3 EP0897762A3 (en) 1999-07-21
EP0897762B1 true EP0897762B1 (en) 2003-08-06

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AT (1) ATE246551T1 (en)
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DE59809187D1 (en) 2003-09-11
EP0897762A3 (en) 1999-07-21
ATE246551T1 (en) 2003-08-15
EP0897762A2 (en) 1999-02-24
DE19736536A1 (en) 1999-02-25

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