EP0123825B1 - Sorting plant for extracting valuable products from household refuse, industrial refuse, bulky refuse, dry refuse, and/or difficult and dangerous matter - Google Patents

Sorting plant for extracting valuable products from household refuse, industrial refuse, bulky refuse, dry refuse, and/or difficult and dangerous matter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0123825B1
EP0123825B1 EP84102186A EP84102186A EP0123825B1 EP 0123825 B1 EP0123825 B1 EP 0123825B1 EP 84102186 A EP84102186 A EP 84102186A EP 84102186 A EP84102186 A EP 84102186A EP 0123825 B1 EP0123825 B1 EP 0123825B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sorting
conveyor belt
refuse
conveying
workplaces
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84102186A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0123825A2 (en
EP0123825A3 (en
Inventor
Dieter Ing. Grad. Fuchs
Wolfgang Dipl.-Ing. Stehle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maschinenfabrik Bezner GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Maschinenfabrik Bezner GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Maschinenfabrik Bezner GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Maschinenfabrik Bezner GmbH and Co KG
Priority to AT84102186T priority Critical patent/ATE43799T1/en
Publication of EP0123825A2 publication Critical patent/EP0123825A2/en
Priority to AT85901351T priority patent/ATE47973T1/en
Priority to EP19850901351 priority patent/EP0174967B1/en
Priority to JP50112385A priority patent/JPH0655302B2/en
Priority to US06/796,576 priority patent/US4760925A/en
Priority to PCT/DE1985/000060 priority patent/WO1985003890A1/en
Priority to DE8585901351T priority patent/DE3574234D1/en
Priority to EP19850710004 priority patent/EP0154599A1/en
Publication of EP0123825A3 publication Critical patent/EP0123825A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0123825B1 publication Critical patent/EP0123825B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • B03B9/06—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
    • B07B13/003—Separation of articles by differences in their geometrical form or by difference in their physical properties, e.g. elasticity, compressibility, hardness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B15/00—Combinations of apparatus for separating solids from solids by dry methods applicable to bulk material, e.g. loose articles fit to be handled like bulk material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sorting device, in particular for sorting out valuable materials from domestic waste, commercial waste, bulky waste, dry waste, and / or problematic and hazardous substances according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Sorting systems are also known, on which a manual or mechanical sorting of the valuable materials into containers takes place on conveyor belts.
  • Another known sorting device (DE-PS 874 274) uses annular disks as the conveying means, which are less expensive and less prone to failure than conveyor belts.
  • this system is also not suitable for cost-effectively processing a large amount of valuable materials to be disposed of.
  • conveyor belts are used to remove the valuable materials.
  • a sorting device is also known from GB-A-566 183, in which the material to be sorted is introduced on a conical surface into various sieve segments connected in series and from there into concentric circular disposal channels.
  • this is a sieving device that is not suitable for recycling materials from household waste, etc., for sorting.
  • a sorting device for sorting different objects in particular for sorting out potatoes and stones, has become known from the publication AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING RECORD Volume 2.1949, p. 40.
  • a slightly rising conveyor belt with a retaining curtain placed transversely to the direction of transport is provided.
  • the heavier stones are left on the conveyor belt in the same transport direction and pass under the stationary or moving curtain.
  • Smaller and lighter potatoes are held back on the curtain and stripped off to the side.
  • the device according to the publication AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING could also be used for sorting mixtures of valuable materials, whereby heavier materials such as bottles or the like could slide through the curtain, while lighter materials such as paper or the like would be stripped sideways by the curtain. A satisfactory separation effect of these different components could certainly not occur, since a large part of the body-shaped parts would also be deflected laterally by the safety curtain and the increasing direction of transport.
  • the sorting device according to GB-A-2 070 978 is also not very suitable for sorting valuable materials, since the mixture of valuable materials would completely get caught on the rough surface and would cling to it.
  • the invention is based on the object of sorting the various constituents of valuable substance mixtures in a sorting device optimized for this purpose, which can be used flexibly, has low production and operating costs and is insensitive to operation.
  • a sorting device which uses a combined belt system to separate the planar from the physical parts. Due to the static friction of the sloping belt as well as a safety curtain to hold back the light, flat parts, the tramboline effect when noticing and the vibrating movement of the vibrating device, as well as by gravity, segregation becomes the heavy body-shaped parts of sheet-like parts. The fractions separated in this way are fed to further stations of a sorting system.
  • Another advantage is a brush wheel at the end of the sorting machine, the soft bristles of which tangentially eject lighter parts such as paper, plastic or the like, while heavier parts such as glass bottles remain largely unaffected.
  • the system according to the invention has the advantage that a wide variety of quantities can be processed and a wide variety of sorting tasks can be solved.
  • non-sorted items always get to a next or finally to the same sorting place in order to be finally sorted out.
  • the remaining fraction is carried out between the sorting stations, at the beginning or at the end of the sorting route.
  • Due to the special design of the sorting system conventional belt straps can largely be dispensed with, which leads to considerable cost savings.
  • the sorting table is a kind of circular disk that is insensitive to dirt and is also inexpensive.
  • disposal channels running concentrically can be arranged below the circular sorting table.
  • the design of the sorting table as divided, circular circular rings in the same direction or in opposite directions with variable transport speeds enables the system to be continuously adapted to the amount of recyclable materials.
  • the fractions already separated in front of the sorting table are fed to the concentric circular rings.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides sorting platforms which are arranged as displaceable circular segments inside and / or outside the circular sorting table. If necessary, these can travel with the sorting table over a certain range of rotation angles.
  • the sorting platforms are assigned the same or different sorting shafts, depending on which sorting tasks are to be performed. Normally, each sorting stage assigned to a specific sorting ring has the same sorting function, i. H. On the first sorting platform, the same valuable materials are sorted out into the sorting shafts as in the next one.
  • the sorting shafts are each connected to a specific disposal channel below the sorting table.
  • the sorted recyclables are discarded in the disposal channels below the sorting table, in which the material therein is transported to an outlet opening to be made at any point.
  • the outlet openings are operated manually or mechanically.
  • the individual workplaces can be designed as manual or automatic workplaces for sorting.
  • the system can be retrofitted with a machine reading station, for example, for the fully automatic color sorting of bottles, especially at a later point in time.
  • bunker sections or discharge sections are provided, for intermediate storage of the valuable materials or for arranging special workplaces.
  • This measure allows the capacity of the plant to be increased as desired, in particular a sorting of recyclable materials is possible which goes beyond the number of available disposal channels. If the disposal channels are occupied by certain valuable materials to be stored in them, other valuable materials can be stored in the intermediate bunker section in order to be processed later in a separate sorting.
  • All sorting stations are designed in the same way so that access to the disposal channels or containers is possible at any point on the sorting table, into which the different recyclables are sorted.
  • the disposal channels can be expanded outwards or inwards to create the necessary number of different disposal channels.
  • the sorting workplaces can of course be arranged both inside and outside the rotating sorting table.
  • the sorting system 10 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 is first described. It consists of a circular, planar, horizontally rotating sorting table 11, which is divided into two concentrically rotating circular rings 11, 11 a, the rotational speeds of which are infinitely variable.
  • the sorting table 11 is assigned several identical sorting platforms 12 inside and outside the circular ring, which can be designed as manual or automatic reading stations.
  • the sorting platforms are designed in the form of a segment of a circle and are mounted in a fixed or rotatable manner so that they can be controlled via a foot switch and follow the current sorting table.
  • Each sorting platform can have several sorters, e.g. B. four, record to accomplish the necessary workload.
  • the sorting table is 11 a pre-sorting line 13 upstream, on which large cardboard boxes z. B. detected with a hand-held suction lifter and fed directly to a separate conveyor belt or a container. As a result, the sorting table 11 need not be configured to the size of such large objects.
  • the sorting machine 14 according to the invention is provided between the presorting section 13 and the sorting table 11 and is explained in more detail below.
  • the incoming valuable materials are guided from the presorting section 13 to the sorting machine 14 or the rotating sorting table 11.
  • Each sorting platform 12 is equipped with sorting shafts 15 which lead to disposal channels 16 which are arranged below the sorting table in parallel or on concentric tracks.
  • the disposal channels 16 have passage openings 17 at one or more points through which the valuable material collected in the disposal channels is carried out.
  • Containers or conveyor belts can be placed under the passage openings 17, which transport the sorted recyclables away from the sorting system.
  • the sorting shafts can also be connected to straight-line or curved disposal channels or directly to containers.
  • the materials to be sorted such as glass, cardboard, paper, plastic, etc.
  • the materials to be sorted are fed to the sorting system unsorted and arrive at the presorting section 13, where the large cardboard boxes and objects that cannot be sorted in the system are first removed from the conveyor belt. If the load from large cardboard boxes allows, a sorting of other valuable materials such as glass, paper, plastic, etc. can already be carried out at this pre-sorting station.
  • the pre-sorting station is also equipped with appropriate sorting shafts 15.
  • a further two, three or four sorting platforms 12 are provided on the sorting table 11. Due to their circular arrangement, the greatest distance between the sorting stations is only approx. 5 m. This has the advantage that if two rings 11, 11a are provided, the sorters can be used flexibly on each sorting ring depending on the load. In principle, every sorter sorts everything on a ring.
  • the material that is not sorted by the pre-sorting section 13 is transferred to the sorting table with a diameter of approx.
  • the sorting platforms 12 are arranged on the inside and / or outside edge of the sorting table 11.
  • a circumferential magnetic tape 21 is expediently provided, which is arranged transversely either on the pre-sorting section 13 or on the sorting table 11.
  • the concept according to the invention makes it possible for all valuable materials to be sorted out on all sorting platforms. In this way, valuable materials that were either overlooked on previous sorting platforms or could not be sorted out due to overloading can also still be recorded. If an overload occurs, z. B. also occupied a fourth sorting platform and expanded the disposal channel below by additional chambers for other fractions.
  • the disposal channels are emptied in such a way that a centrally positioned slide runs all around in the disposal channels 16 and transports the material therein to an opening 17 to be arranged at any point.
  • the slide is driven, for. B. via a gear motor acting on the rubber wheel.
  • the speed of rotation of the slide or the number of slide or both can be increased.
  • the capacity of the disposal area is also sufficient if the overall system performance is significantly increased by adding sorting machines.
  • the sorting of recyclable materials takes place over a period of 6 hours per day, mechanically and manually, into the fractions of cardboard, paper 1, paper 2, glass white, glass green, glass brown, plastics, ferrous and non-ferrous metals.
  • 5 disposal channels 16 which accommodate the different materials.
  • the fractions that go beyond this are disposed of directly or via appropriate funding elements.
  • the residual fraction still to be sorted which is stored in an intermediate bunker 19, can be fed to the rotary table via a corresponding discharge device.
  • the sorting then takes place, as described, either manually or mechanically, the disposal taking place via the 5 disposal channels 16, which have meanwhile been emptied by the old fractions.
  • the sorting system can be used to sort significantly more fractions than corresponds to the disposal channels.
  • the system can be expanded at any time with further disposal channels 16.
  • the sorting device 14 is expediently arranged between the presorting section 13 and the sorting table 11.
  • the incoming mixture of valuable materials is separated into different fractions, in particular into flat, light and body-shaped, heavy parts, since this enables the subsequent sorting processes to be better dimensioned.
  • the sorting device 14 consists of a wide-dimensioned conveyor belt 24 rising in the transport direction 23 with a transport plane 25 which is inclined with respect to a horizontal plane. This inclined and rising transport belt 24 is set into slight oscillating movements by means of a vibration device 28.
  • the conveyor belt 25 itself has a high coefficient of friction, so that light or flat parts (e.g.
  • Body-shaped or heavy parts such as bottles etc. adhere to it and are conveyed on the belt 24 in the transport direction 23.
  • Body-shaped or heavy parts such as bottles etc., on the other hand, roll or slide away on the incline and are collected in an underlying flat or troughed conveyor belt 27 which rises in the transport direction and is transported further.
  • a catching curtain 29 in the form of a chain curtain is provided in its area facing the conveyor belt 27, which also retains the lighter parts while heavy parts can slide through.
  • the oblique arrangement of the chain curtain 29 with respect to the conveyor belt 24 has the effect that it is not so easily blocked.
  • the material mixture is transferred to the pre-sorting section 14 at the beginning of the belt.
  • the materials are separated by the impact when falling (tramboline effect) and by the slightly oscillating movement of the separating belt 24.
  • the oscillating movement of the conveyor belt results in a spring-back effect on the body-shaped parts, which favors the separating effect.
  • the static friction and the tramboline effect of the separating belt 24, the vibration of the vibrating device 28 and the force of gravity interact. This enables targeted sorting.
  • the conveyor belts 24, 27 can advantageously also consist of a single, appropriately shaped belt.
  • the conveyor belt 27 can be trough-shaped.
  • a further separating device for parts in the form of a brush wheel 30 is provided.
  • the rotary device shown in FIG. 1 with the horizontal axis of rotation 31 detects the light parts 32 with its soft brush hair and hurls them tangentially, while the heavy parts 33 fall down unaffected.
  • the brush wheel is constructed like a washing brush in a car wash.
  • the sorting device 14 essentially separates the material mixture into paper and bottles or the like. These fractions are then fed to the two circular rings of the sorting table.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Sortiereinrichtung insbesondere zur Aussortierung von Wertstoffen aus Hausmüll, Gewerbemüll, Sperrmüll, Trockenmüll, und/oder von Problem- und Gefahrenstoffen nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a sorting device, in particular for sorting out valuable materials from domestic waste, commercial waste, bulky waste, dry waste, and / or problematic and hazardous substances according to the preamble of claim 1.

Im Zeichen zunehmenden Umweltbewußtseins laufen heute zahlreiche Aktionen zur Wiederverwertung von Abfallstoffen. So sind insbesondere die Glascontainer mit verschiedenen Einfüllschächten für unterschiedliche Glassorten und Altpapiersammlungen bekannt geworden. Weiterhin sind Sortieranlagen bekannt, auf denen an Transportbändern eine manuelle oder maschinelle Aussortierung der Wertstoffe in Behälter stattfindet.In the sign of increasing environmental awareness, numerous campaigns for the recycling of waste materials are running today. In particular, the glass containers with different filling shafts for different types of glass and waste paper collections have become known. Sorting systems are also known, on which a manual or mechanical sorting of the valuable materials into containers takes place on conveyor belts.

Die gesammelten Wertstoffe weisen nach Auswertung von Versuchen zwar einen sich über das Jahr verteilenden gleichmäßigen Anteil unterschiedlicher Wertstoffe auf. Der Anteil dieser Stoffe pro Fuhre oder pro Sammelgebiet bzw. nach besonderen Festtagen, nach der Urlaubszeit usw. kann ganz erheblich von der durchschnittlichen Jahresverteilung abweichen. Es wäre wirtschaftlich nicht vertretbar, eine Sortieranlage diesen Belastungsspitzen anzupassen, da eine 3- bis 4fache Vergrößerung der normalen Kapazität notwendig wäre. Bei einer Auslegung einer Sortieranlage auf Spitzenbelastungen würde diese deshalb im Normalfall nur zu ca. 25 % ausgelastet sein.After evaluation of tests, the collected recyclables show an even proportion of different recyclables distributed over the year. The proportion of these substances per load or per collection area or after special holidays, after the vacation period etc. can deviate considerably from the average annual distribution. It would not be economically viable to adapt a sorting system to these peak loads, since a 3 to 4 times increase in normal capacity would be necessary. If a sorting system were designed for peak loads, this would normally only be used to about 25%.

Bei einer bekannten Anlage (US-PS 3 595 389) werden die Wertstoffe über Förderbänder verschiedenen Arbeitsplätzen zugeführt, die mehrere Abwurfschächte für verschiedene Wertstoffe aufweisen. Unterhalb der Sotierschächte sind dann wiederum Förderbänder zum Weitertransport vorgesehen. Diese Anlage hat jedoch den Nachteil, daß sie mit Förderbändern sehr aufwendig, platzintensiv und störanfällig aufgebaut ist.In a known system (US Pat. No. 3,595,389), the valuable materials are fed via conveyor belts to various workplaces which have several discharge chutes for different valuable materials. Conveyor belts for further transport are then provided below the soting shafts. However, this system has the disadvantage that it is very expensive, space-consuming and prone to failure with conveyor belts.

Eine weitere bekannte Sortiervorrichtung (DE-PS 874 274) verwendet als Fördermittel kreisringförmige Scheiben die kostengünstiger und störunanfälliger als Transportbänder sind. Jedoch ist auch diese Anlage nicht geeignet, einen großen Anfall an zu entsorgenden Wertstoffen kostengünstig zu verarbeiten. Insbesondere werden zum Abtransport der Wertstoffe wiederum Transportbänder verwendet.Another known sorting device (DE-PS 874 274) uses annular disks as the conveying means, which are less expensive and less prone to failure than conveyor belts. However, this system is also not suitable for cost-effectively processing a large amount of valuable materials to be disposed of. In particular, conveyor belts are used to remove the valuable materials.

Aus der GB-A-566 183 ist weiterhin eine Sortiervorrichtung bekannt geworden, bei welcher das zu sortierende Gut an einer kegelförmigen Fläche in verschiedene, hintereinander geschaltete Siebsegmente und von dort aus in konzentrisch verlaufende kreisringförmige Entsorgungskanäle eingebracht wird. Hierbei handelt es sich jedoch um eine Siebvorrichtung, die nicht geeignet ist, Wertstoffe aus Hausmüll usw. der Sortierung zuzuführen.A sorting device is also known from GB-A-566 183, in which the material to be sorted is introduced on a conical surface into various sieve segments connected in series and from there into concentric circular disposal channels. However, this is a sieving device that is not suitable for recycling materials from household waste, etc., for sorting.

Die bekannten Anlagen sind deshalb nur mit hohen Investitionskosten und zum Teil hohem Personalbedarf an unterschiedlichen Mengen und Sortieraufgaben anpassbar. Weiterhin sind insbesondere übliche Gurtbänder zum Transport von Trockenmüll nicht geeignet, da sich zum einen bestimmte Wertstoffe verklemmen oder aufwickeln (z. B. Tonbandkassetten) können und zum anderen Transportbänder teuer sind.The known systems can therefore only be adapted to different quantities and sorting tasks with high investment costs and in some cases high personnel requirements. Furthermore, conventional belt tapes are particularly unsuitable for transporting dry waste because, on the one hand, certain valuable materials can become jammed or wound up (e.g. cassette tapes) and, on the other hand, conveyor belts are expensive.

Aus der Veröffentlichung AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING RECORD Band 2,1949, S. 40 ist eine Sortiereinrichtung zur Sortierung von unterschiedlichen Gegenständen, insbesondere zum Aussortieren von Kartoffeln und Steinen bekannt geworden. Hierzu ist ein leicht ansteigendes Transportband mit einem quer zur Transportrichtung gestellten Rückhaltevorhang vorgesehen. Die schwereren Steine werden dabei auf dem Transportband in gleicher Transportrichtung belassen und unterfahren den stationären oder sich bewegenden Vorhang. Kleinere und leichtere Kartoffeln werden demgegenüber am Vorhang zurückgehalten und seitlich abgestreift.A sorting device for sorting different objects, in particular for sorting out potatoes and stones, has become known from the publication AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING RECORD Volume 2.1949, p. 40. For this purpose, a slightly rising conveyor belt with a retaining curtain placed transversely to the direction of transport is provided. The heavier stones are left on the conveyor belt in the same transport direction and pass under the stationary or moving curtain. Smaller and lighter potatoes, on the other hand, are held back on the curtain and stripped off to the side.

Das gleiche Prinzip ist in der GB-A-2 070 978 aufgeführt. Hier werden jedoch durch den sich vorzugsweise bewegenden Transportvorhang die größeren Teile seitlich ausgelenkt, während die kleineren Teile unter den Vorhang hindurch können.The same principle is listed in GB-A-2 070 978. Here, however, the larger parts are laterally deflected by the preferably moving transport curtain, while the smaller parts can pass under the curtain.

Die Vorrichtung gemäß der Veröffentlichung AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING könnte zwar ebenfalls zur Sortierung von Wertstoffgemischen verwendet werden, wobei schwerere Materialien wie Flaschen o. dgl. durch den Vorhang hindurchgleiten könnten, während leichtere Materialien wie Papier o. dgl. seitlich durch den Vorhang abgestreift würden. Ein befriedigender Trenneffekt dieser unterschiedlichen Bestandteile könnte sich sicherlich nicht einstellen, da ein Großteil der körperförmigen Teile auch durch den Fangvorhang und durch die ansteigende Transportrichtung seitlich abgelenkt würden.The device according to the publication AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING could also be used for sorting mixtures of valuable materials, whereby heavier materials such as bottles or the like could slide through the curtain, while lighter materials such as paper or the like would be stripped sideways by the curtain. A satisfactory separation effect of these different components could certainly not occur, since a large part of the body-shaped parts would also be deflected laterally by the safety curtain and the increasing direction of transport.

Auch die Sortiervorrichtung gemäß der GB-A-2 070 978 eignet sich wenig zur Sortierung von Wertstoffen, da sich auf deren rauhen Oberfläche das Wertstoffgemisch vollständig verhaken und verkletten würde.The sorting device according to GB-A-2 070 978 is also not very suitable for sorting valuable materials, since the mixture of valuable materials would completely get caught on the rough surface and would cling to it.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die verschiedenen Bestandteile von Wertstoffgemischen in einer hierfür optimierten Sortiereinrichtung zu sortieren, wobei diese flexibel einsetzbar ist, niedrige Herstellungs- und Betriebskosten aufweist und unempfindlich im Betrieb ist.The invention is based on the object of sorting the various constituents of valuable substance mixtures in a sorting device optimized for this purpose, which can be used flexibly, has low production and operating costs and is insensitive to operation.

Diese Aufgabe wird ausgehend von einer Sortiereinrichtung der gattungsgemäßen Art durch die Merkmale des kennzeichnenden Teils des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved on the basis of a sorting device of the generic type by the features of the characterizing part of claim 1.

Gemäß der Erfindung ist eine Sortiereinrichtung vorgesehen, die durch ein kombiniertes Bandsystem eine Trennung der flächenhaften von den körperlichen Teilen bewerkstelligt. Durch die Haftreibung des schrägen Bandes sowie durch einen Fangvorhang zur Zurückhaltung der leichten, flächenhaften Teile, durch den Trambolineffekt beim Auffallen und durch die Vibrationsbewegung der Vibrationseinrichtung sowie durch die Schwerkraft wird eine Absonderung der schweren körperförmigen Teilen von flächenförmigen Teilen erzielt. Die so getrennten Fraktionen werden weiteren Stationen einer Sortieranlage zugeführt.According to the invention, a sorting device is provided which uses a combined belt system to separate the planar from the physical parts. Due to the static friction of the sloping belt as well as a safety curtain to hold back the light, flat parts, the tramboline effect when noticing and the vibrating movement of the vibrating device, as well as by gravity, segregation becomes the heavy body-shaped parts of sheet-like parts. The fractions separated in this way are fed to further stations of a sorting system.

Vorteilhaft ist weiterhin ein Bürstenrad am Ende der Sortiermaschine, dessen weiche Borsten leichtere Teile wie Papier, Kunststoff o. dgl. tangential wegschleudern, während schwerere Teile wie Glasflaschen weitgehend unbeeinflußt bleiben.Another advantage is a brush wheel at the end of the sorting machine, the soft bristles of which tangentially eject lighter parts such as paper, plastic or the like, while heavier parts such as glass bottles remain largely unaffected.

Insbesondere hat die erfindungsgemäße Anlage den Vorteil, daß unterschiedlichste Mengen verarbeitet und unterschiedlichste Sortieraufgaben gelöst werden können. Durch den umlaufenden Sortiertisch gelangt Nichtsortiertes immer wieder an einen nächsten oder schließlich zum gleichen Sortierplatz um letzten Endes aussortiert zu werden. Die Restfraktion wird wahlweise zwischen den Sortierplätzen, am Anfang oder am Ende der Sortierstrecke ausgetragen. Durch die spezielle Bauart der Sortieranlage kann weitgehend auf herkömmliche Gurtbänder verzichtet werden, was zu einer erheblichen Kosteneinsparung führt. Der Sortiertisch ist quasi eine kreisringförmige umlaufende Scheibe, die unempfindlich gegenüber Verschmutzungen und darüber hinaus kostengünstig ist.In particular, the system according to the invention has the advantage that a wide variety of quantities can be processed and a wide variety of sorting tasks can be solved. Through the rotating sorting table, non-sorted items always get to a next or finally to the same sorting place in order to be finally sorted out. The remaining fraction is carried out between the sorting stations, at the beginning or at the end of the sorting route. Due to the special design of the sorting system, conventional belt straps can largely be dispensed with, which leads to considerable cost savings. The sorting table is a kind of circular disk that is insensitive to dirt and is also inexpensive.

Weiterhin können unterhalb dem kreisringförmigen Sortiertisch konzentrisch verlaufende Entsorgungskanäle angeordnet sein. Je nach örtlichen Gegebenheiten können jedoch auch geradlinige oder gekrümmte Entsorgungskanäle oder Förderbänder oder Container unterhalb den Abwurfschächten vorhanden sein.Furthermore, disposal channels running concentrically can be arranged below the circular sorting table. Depending on the local conditions, there may also be straight or curved disposal channels or conveyor belts or containers below the discharge chutes.

Die Ausbildung des Sortiertisches als geteilte, horizontal gleichsinnig oder gegensinnig umlaufende ebene Kreisringe mit variablen Transportgeschwindigkeiten ermöglicht eine stufenlose Anpassung der Anlage an die anfallende Menge von Wertstoffen. Dabei werden die vor dem Sortiertisch bereits getrennten Fraktionen den konzentrisch verlaufenden Kreisringen zugeführt.The design of the sorting table as divided, circular circular rings in the same direction or in opposite directions with variable transport speeds enables the system to be continuously adapted to the amount of recyclable materials. The fractions already separated in front of the sorting table are fed to the concentric circular rings.

Die Ausbildung der Erfindung sieht Sortierbühnen vor, die als verschiebbare Kreissegmente innerhalb und/oder außerhalb des kreisringförmigen Sortiertisches angeordnet sind. Diese können bei Bedarf über einen gewissen Drehwinkelbereich mit dem Sortiertisch mitfahren.The embodiment of the invention provides sorting platforms which are arranged as displaceable circular segments inside and / or outside the circular sorting table. If necessary, these can travel with the sorting table over a certain range of rotation angles.

Den Sortierbühnen sind gleiche oder verschiedene Sortierschächte zugeordnet, je nachdem welche Sortieraufgaben zu erfüllen sind. Normalerweise hat jede, einen bestimmten Sortierring zugeordnete Sortierbühne die gleiche Sortierfunktion, d. h. es werden an der ersten Sortierbühne die gleichen Wertstoffe in die Sortierschächte aussortiert wie in der darauffolgenden. Die Sortierschächte sind jeweils mit einem bestimmten Entsorgungskanal unterhalb des Sortiertisches verbunden.The sorting platforms are assigned the same or different sorting shafts, depending on which sorting tasks are to be performed. Normally, each sorting stage assigned to a specific sorting ring has the same sorting function, i. H. On the first sorting platform, the same valuable materials are sorted out into the sorting shafts as in the next one. The sorting shafts are each connected to a specific disposal channel below the sorting table.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung werden die sortierten Wertstoffe in den Entsorgungskanälen unterhalb dem Sortiertisch abgeworfen, in welchen das darin befindliche Material zu einer an jeder beliebigen Stelle anzubringenden Auslaßöffnung transportiert wird. Die Auslaßöffnungen werden manuell oder maschinell betätigt.In a further embodiment of the invention, the sorted recyclables are discarded in the disposal channels below the sorting table, in which the material therein is transported to an outlet opening to be made at any point. The outlet openings are operated manually or mechanically.

Die einzelnen Arbeitsplätze können sowohl als manuelle oder automatische Arbeitsplätze zur Sortierung ausgestaltet sein. So kann die Anlage insbesondere zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt mit einem maschinellen Leseplatz beispielsweise zur vollautomatischen Farbsortierung von Flaschen nachträglich ausgerüstet werden.The individual workplaces can be designed as manual or automatic workplaces for sorting. The system can be retrofitted with a machine reading station, for example, for the fully automatic color sorting of bottles, especially at a later point in time.

Im Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß neben dem Sortiertisch weitere Zwischenbunkerstrecken bzw. Ausschleusestrecken vorgesehen sind, zur Zwischenlagerung der Wertstoffe oder zur Anordnung von Sonderarbeitsplätzen. Durch diese Maßnahme kann die Kapazität der Anlage beliebig vergrößert werden wobei insbesondere eine Sortierung von Wertstoffen möglich ist, die über die Anzahl der vorhandenen Entsorgungskanäle hinausgeht. Sind die Entsorgungskanäle durch bestimmte darin aufzunehmende Wertstoffe belegt, so können andere Wertstoffe in der Zwischenbunkerstrecke gelagert werden um später in einer gesonderten Sortierung verarbeitet zu werden.In the embodiment of the invention, it is provided that, in addition to the sorting table, further intermediate bunker sections or discharge sections are provided, for intermediate storage of the valuable materials or for arranging special workplaces. This measure allows the capacity of the plant to be increased as desired, in particular a sorting of recyclable materials is possible which goes beyond the number of available disposal channels. If the disposal channels are occupied by certain valuable materials to be stored in them, other valuable materials can be stored in the intermediate bunker section in order to be processed later in a separate sorting.

Alle Sortierplätze sind gleich ausgestaltet so, daß an jeder beliebigen Stelle des Sortiertisches ein Zugriff zu den Entsorgungskanälen bzw. Containem möglich ist, in die die unterschiedlichen Wertstoffe einsortiert werden. Die Entsorgungskanäle können dabei nach außen oder nach innen erweitert werden, um die nötige Anzahl von verschiedenen Entsorgungskanälen zu schaffen. Selbstverständlich können die Sortierarbeitsplätze sowohl innerhalb als auch außerhalb des umlaufenden Sortiertisches angeordnet sein.All sorting stations are designed in the same way so that access to the disposal channels or containers is possible at any point on the sorting table, into which the different recyclables are sorted. The disposal channels can be expanded outwards or inwards to create the necessary number of different disposal channels. The sorting workplaces can of course be arranged both inside and outside the rotating sorting table.

Ein vorteilhaftes und zweckmäßiges Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen

  • Fig. 1 eine Seitenansicht der Sortiereinrichtung zur Trennung körperförmigen von flächenförmigen Teilen,
  • Fig. 2 eine Draufsicht der Anlage nach Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 3 eine Draufsicht der, der Sortiereinrichtung nach Fig. 1 und 2 zugeordneten Sortieranlage mit entsprechenden Schnitten zur Darstellung der darunterliegenden Ebene,
  • Fig. 4 einen Schnitt entlang der Linie I-I in Fig. 3.
An advantageous and expedient embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description. Show it
  • 1 is a side view of the sorting device for separating body-shaped from sheet-like parts,
  • 2 is a plan view of the system of FIG. 1,
  • 3 is a plan view of the sorting system associated with the sorting device according to FIGS. 1 and 2 with corresponding sections for showing the level below,
  • 4 shows a section along the line II in FIG. 3.

Es wird zunächst die in den Fig. 3 und 4 dargestellte Sortieranlage 10 beschrieben. Sie besteht aus einem kreisringförmigen ebenen horizontal umlaufenden Sortiertisch 11, der in zwei konzentrisch umlaufende Kreisringe 11, 11 a aufgeteilt ist, deren Umlaufgeschwindigkeiten stufenlos regelbar sind. Dem Sortiertisch 11 sind mehrere gleiche Sortierbühnen 12 innerhalb und außerhalb des Kreisrings zugeordnet, die als manuelle oder automatische Leseplätze ausgebildet sein können. Die Sortierbühnen sind kreissegmentförmig ausgebildet und fest oder drehbar gelagert, so daß sie über einen Fußschalter gesteuert, dem laufenden Sortiertisch nachfahren können. Jede Sortierbühne kann mehrere Sortierer, z. B. vier, aufnehmen, um den nötigen Arbeitsanfall zu bewerkstelligen. Dem Sortiertisch 11 ist eine Vorsortierstrecke 13 vorgeschaltet, an welcher Großkartonagen z. B. mit einem handgeführten Saugheber erfaßt und direkt einem gesonderten Förderband bzw. einem Container zugeführt werden. Hierdurch braucht der Sortiertisch 11 nicht auf die Größe derartiger Großgegenstände ausgebildet zu sein.The sorting system 10 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 is first described. It consists of a circular, planar, horizontally rotating sorting table 11, which is divided into two concentrically rotating circular rings 11, 11 a, the rotational speeds of which are infinitely variable. The sorting table 11 is assigned several identical sorting platforms 12 inside and outside the circular ring, which can be designed as manual or automatic reading stations. The sorting platforms are designed in the form of a segment of a circle and are mounted in a fixed or rotatable manner so that they can be controlled via a foot switch and follow the current sorting table. Each sorting platform can have several sorters, e.g. B. four, record to accomplish the necessary workload. The sorting table is 11 a pre-sorting line 13 upstream, on which large cardboard boxes z. B. detected with a hand-held suction lifter and fed directly to a separate conveyor belt or a container. As a result, the sorting table 11 need not be configured to the size of such large objects.

Zwischen der Vorsortierstrecke 13 und dem Sortiertisch 11 ist die erfindungsgemäße Sortiermaschine 14 vorgesehen, die noch näher erläutert wird. Von der Vorsortierstrecke 13 werden die ankommenden Wertstoffe auf die Sortiermaschine 14 oder den umlaufenden Sortiertisch 11 geführt.The sorting machine 14 according to the invention is provided between the presorting section 13 and the sorting table 11 and is explained in more detail below. The incoming valuable materials are guided from the presorting section 13 to the sorting machine 14 or the rotating sorting table 11.

Jede Sortierbühne 12 ist mit Sortierschächten 15 ausgestattet, die zu Entsorgungskanälen 16 führen, die unterhalb des Sortiertisches parallel bzw. auf konzentrischen Bahnen angeordnet sind. Die Entsorgungskanäle 16 haben an einer oder mehreren Stellen Durchlaßöffnungen 17, durch die das in den Entsorgungskanälen gesammelte Wertmaterial ausgeführt wird. Unter den Durchlaßöffnungen 17 können Container oder Förderbänder stehen, die die sortierten Wertstoffe von der Sortieranlage wegtransportieren. Die Sortierschächte können jedoch auch mit geradlinigen oder gekrümmten Entsorgungskanälen oder direkt mit Containern verbunden sein.Each sorting platform 12 is equipped with sorting shafts 15 which lead to disposal channels 16 which are arranged below the sorting table in parallel or on concentric tracks. The disposal channels 16 have passage openings 17 at one or more points through which the valuable material collected in the disposal channels is carried out. Containers or conveyor belts can be placed under the passage openings 17, which transport the sorted recyclables away from the sorting system. However, the sorting shafts can also be connected to straight-line or curved disposal channels or directly to containers.

Die Sortieranlage nach Fig. 3 und 4 soll anhand ihrer Funktion näher beschrieben werden.3 and 4 will be described in more detail based on their function.

Die zu sortierenden Wertstoffe wie Glas, Karton, Papier, Kunststoff usw. werden der Sortieranlage unsortiert zugeführt und gelangen an die Vorsortierstrecke 13 wo zunächst die Großkartonagen und nicht in der Anlage sortierbare Gegenstände dem Transportband entnommen werden. Sofern es die Belastung durch Großkartonagen zuläßt, kann an diesem Vorsortierplatz bereits eine Aussortierung weiterer Wertstoffe wie Glas, Papier, Kunststoff usw. vorgenommen werden. Hierzu ist der Vorsortierplatz ebenfalls mit entsprechenden Sortierschächten 15 ausgerüstet.The materials to be sorted, such as glass, cardboard, paper, plastic, etc., are fed to the sorting system unsorted and arrive at the presorting section 13, where the large cardboard boxes and objects that cannot be sorted in the system are first removed from the conveyor belt. If the load from large cardboard boxes allows, a sorting of other valuable materials such as glass, paper, plastic, etc. can already be carried out at this pre-sorting station. For this purpose, the pre-sorting station is also equipped with appropriate sorting shafts 15.

Analog zu dieser Sortierbühne werden weitere zwei, drei oder vier Sortierbühnen 12 am Sortiertisch 11 vorgesehen. Durch deren kreisförmige Anordnung beträgt die größte Entfernung der Sortierplätze untereinander nur ca. 5 m. Dies bringt den Vorteil mit sich, daß, wenn zwei Ringe 11, 11a vorgesehen sind, die Sortierer je nach Belastung flexibel an jedem Sortierring eingesetzt werden können. An einem Ring sortiert jeder Sortierer prinzipiell alles.Analogously to this sorting platform, a further two, three or four sorting platforms 12 are provided on the sorting table 11. Due to their circular arrangement, the greatest distance between the sorting stations is only approx. 5 m. This has the advantage that if two rings 11, 11a are provided, the sorters can be used flexibly on each sorting ring depending on the load. In principle, every sorter sorts everything on a ring.

Das von der Vorsortierstrecke 13 nicht absortierte Material wird dem kreisringförmig umlaufenden Sortiertisch mit einem Durchmesser von ca. 7 m über die Förderstrecke 14 übergeben. Die Sortierbühnen 12 sind an der Innen- und/oder Außenkante des Sortiertisches 11 angeordnet. Zweckmäßigerweise wird ein umlaufendes Magnetband 21 vorgesehen, welches entweder schon an der Vorsortierstrecke 13 oder am Sortiertisch 11 quer angeordnet ist.The material that is not sorted by the pre-sorting section 13 is transferred to the sorting table with a diameter of approx. The sorting platforms 12 are arranged on the inside and / or outside edge of the sorting table 11. A circumferential magnetic tape 21 is expediently provided, which is arranged transversely either on the pre-sorting section 13 or on the sorting table 11.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Konzeption ist es möglich, daß an allen Sortierbühnen alle Wertstoffe aussortiert werden können. Hierdurch können Wertstoffe, die an vorhergehenden Sortierbühnen entweder übersehen oder durch Überlastung nicht absortiert werden konnten, ebenfalls noch erfaßt werden. Tritt eine Überbelastung auf, so wird z. B. eine vierte Sortierbühne ebenfalls besetzt und bei weiteren Fraktionen der darunterliegende Entsorgungskanal um weitere Kammern erweitert.The concept according to the invention makes it possible for all valuable materials to be sorted out on all sorting platforms. In this way, valuable materials that were either overlooked on previous sorting platforms or could not be sorted out due to overloading can also still be recorded. If an overload occurs, z. B. also occupied a fourth sorting platform and expanded the disposal channel below by additional chambers for other fractions.

Die Entleerung der Entsorgungskanäle erfolgt derart, daß ein mittig gelagerter Schieber in den Entsorgungskanälen 16 rundum läuft und das darin befindliche Material zu einer an jeder beliebigen Stelle anzuordnenden Öffnung 17 transportiert. Der Antrieb des Schiebers erfolgt z. B. über einen auf das Gummirad wirkenden Getriebemotor.The disposal channels are emptied in such a way that a centrally positioned slide runs all around in the disposal channels 16 and transports the material therein to an opening 17 to be arranged at any point. The slide is driven, for. B. via a gear motor acting on the rubber wheel.

Zur Erhöhung der Austragsleistung kann die Drehgeschwindigkeit des Schiebers oder die Anzahl der Schieber oder beides erhöht werden. Die Kapazität des Entsorgungsbereichs reicht auch dann aus, wenn durch Hinzufügen von Sortiermaschinen die gesamte Anlagenleistung wesentlich gesteigert wird.To increase the discharge rate, the speed of rotation of the slide or the number of slide or both can be increased. The capacity of the disposal area is also sufficient if the overall system performance is significantly increased by adding sorting machines.

Eine Erweiterung der Anlage ist problemlos dadurch möglich, daß um die Sortieranlage herum sternförmig eine beliebige Anzahl Sortiermaschinen angeordnet werden. Verbindet man diese Sortiermaschinen weiterhin mit einer Zwischenbunkerstrecke, so ergeben sich hieraus weitere Vorteile des Systems. Über den Zwischenbunker kann einerseits erreicht werden, daß die unterschiedlichen und stoßweise anfallenden Wertstoffsortimente gleichmäßig verteilt einer auf den statistischen Anfall der jeweiligen Sortimente ausgelegten Sortiermaschine oder Handlesestrecke zugeführt werden können. Andererseits besteht die Möglichkeit, spezielle Sortieraufgaben zu speichern. Diese Sortieraufgaben können dann nach Stillsetzung der Wertstoffzufuhr in einem gesonderen Arbeitsgang durchgeführt werden.An expansion of the system is possible without any problems by arranging any number of sorting machines around the sorting system in a star shape. If you continue to connect these sorting machines to an intermediate bunker section, this results in further advantages of the system. Via the intermediate bunker, on the one hand, it can be achieved that the different and intermittent assortments of recyclable materials can be fed evenly to a sorting machine or manual reading line designed for the statistical occurrence of the respective assortments. On the other hand, it is possible to save special sorting tasks. These sorting tasks can then be carried out in a separate operation after the supply of recyclable materials has stopped.

Hierzu wird folgendes Beispiel aufgezeigt : Die Wertstoffsortierung erfolgt über die Dauer von 6 Stunden pro Tag maschinell und manuell in die Fraktionen Kartonagen, Papier 1, Papier 2, Glas weiß, Glas grün, Glas braun, Kunststoffe, Eisen-und Nichteisenmetalle. Zur Entsorgung sind 5 Entsorgungskanäle 16 vorhanden die die unterschiedlichen Materialien aufnehmen. Die Entsorgung der darüber hinausgehenden Fraktionen erfolgt direkt bzw. über entsprechende Förderelemente. Nach Abschaltung der Wertstoffzufuhr zur Sortieranlage kann die in einem Zwischenbunker 19 gelagerte, noch zu sortierende Restfraktion über eine entsprechende Austragsvorrichtung dem Rundtisch zugeführt werden. Die Sortierung erfolgt dann wie beschrieben entweder manuell oder maschinell, wobei die Entsorgung über die 5 Entsorgungskanäle 16 erfolgt, die inzwischen von den alten Fraktionen geleert wurden. Sollen die zur Hauptsortierung eingesetzten Container nicht ausgetauscht werden, ist es lediglich erforderlich, weitere beliebig am Umkreis angeordnete Durchlaßöffnungen durch Schieber zu öffnen. Die verschiedenen Fraktionen werden dann vom Schieber direkt in einen anderen Container oder aber auf entsprechende Förderelemente abgeworfen. Durch diese Verfahrensweise kann die Sortieranlage zur Sortierung von wesentlich mehr Fraktionen verwendet werden, als dies den Entsorgungskanälen entspricht. Selbstverständlich kann die Anlage jederzeit mit weiteren Entsorgungskanälen 16 erweitert werden.The following example is shown here: The sorting of recyclable materials takes place over a period of 6 hours per day, mechanically and manually, into the fractions of cardboard, paper 1, paper 2, glass white, glass green, glass brown, plastics, ferrous and non-ferrous metals. For disposal there are 5 disposal channels 16 which accommodate the different materials. The fractions that go beyond this are disposed of directly or via appropriate funding elements. After the supply of recyclable material to the sorting system has been switched off, the residual fraction still to be sorted, which is stored in an intermediate bunker 19, can be fed to the rotary table via a corresponding discharge device. The sorting then takes place, as described, either manually or mechanically, the disposal taking place via the 5 disposal channels 16, which have meanwhile been emptied by the old fractions. If the containers used for the main sorting are not to be exchanged, all that is required is to open further passage openings which are arranged at any point in the vicinity by means of slides. The different fractions are then moved from the slide directly into another container or thrown onto appropriate conveyor elements. With this procedure, the sorting system can be used to sort significantly more fractions than corresponds to the disposal channels. Of course, the system can be expanded at any time with further disposal channels 16.

Die erfindungsgemäße Sortiereinrichtung nach Fig. 1 und 2 wird in dem zuvor beschriebenen Anlagenkonzept als « Sortiermaschine eingesetzt. Diese Sortiereinrichtung 14 wird zweckmä- βigerweise zwischen der Vorsortierstrecke 13 und dem Sortiertisch 11 angeordnet ist. Das ankommende Wertstoffgemisch wird dabei in verschiedene Fraktionen, insbesondere in flächige leichte und körperförmige schwere Teile getrennt, da hierdurch die anschließenden Sortiervorgänge besser dimensioniert werden können. Die Sortiereinrichtung 14 besteht aus einem breitdimensionierten, in Transportrichtung 23 ansteigenden Förderband 24 mit gegenüber einer Horizontalebene schrägen Transportebene 25. Mittels einer Vibrationseinrichtung 28 wird dieses schräge und ansteigende Transportband 24 in leichte Schwingbewegungen versetzt. Der Fördergurt 25 selbst hat einen hohen Reibwert, so daß hierdurch leichte bzw. flächige Teile (z. B. Papier) daran haften und in Transportrichtung 23 auf dem Band 24 verbleibend gefördert werden. Körperförmige bzw. schwere Teile wie Flaschen usw. rollen oder rutschen dagegen auf der Schräge weg und werden in einem darunter liegenden ebenen oder gemuldeten, in Transportrichtung ansteigenden Förderband 27 gesammelt und weiter transportiert.1 and 2 is used in the system concept described above as a "sorting machine. This sorting device 14 is expediently arranged between the presorting section 13 and the sorting table 11. The incoming mixture of valuable materials is separated into different fractions, in particular into flat, light and body-shaped, heavy parts, since this enables the subsequent sorting processes to be better dimensioned. The sorting device 14 consists of a wide-dimensioned conveyor belt 24 rising in the transport direction 23 with a transport plane 25 which is inclined with respect to a horizontal plane. This inclined and rising transport belt 24 is set into slight oscillating movements by means of a vibration device 28. The conveyor belt 25 itself has a high coefficient of friction, so that light or flat parts (e.g. paper) adhere to it and are conveyed on the belt 24 in the transport direction 23. Body-shaped or heavy parts such as bottles etc., on the other hand, roll or slide away on the incline and are collected in an underlying flat or troughed conveyor belt 27 which rises in the transport direction and is transported further.

Schräg zur Längskante des Förderbandes 24 ist in seinem dem Transportband 27 zugewandten Bereich ein Fangvorhang 29 in Form eines Kettenvorhangs vorgesehen, der ebenfalls die leichteren Teile zurückhält während schwere Teile hindurchgleiten können. Die gegenüber dem Transportband 24 schräge Anordnung des Kettenvorhangs 29 bewirkt, daß dieser nicht so leicht verstopft wird. Das Wertstoffgemisch wird am Bandanfang der Vorsortierstrecke 14 übergeben. Durch den Aufprall beim Herabfallen (Trambolineffekt) sowie durch die leicht schwingende Bewegung des Trennbandes 24 werden die Materialien entmischt. Durch die schwingende Bewegung des Förderbandes ergibt sich eine Rückfederwirkung auf die körperförmigen Teile, was die Trennwirkung begünstigt. Bei der Sortiermaschine wirken demnach die Haftreibung und der Trambolineffekt des Trennbandes 24, die Vibration der Vibrationseinrichtung 28 und die Schwerkraft zusammen. Hierdurch ist eine gezielte Sortierung möglich.At an angle to the longitudinal edge of the conveyor belt 24, a catching curtain 29 in the form of a chain curtain is provided in its area facing the conveyor belt 27, which also retains the lighter parts while heavy parts can slide through. The oblique arrangement of the chain curtain 29 with respect to the conveyor belt 24 has the effect that it is not so easily blocked. The material mixture is transferred to the pre-sorting section 14 at the beginning of the belt. The materials are separated by the impact when falling (tramboline effect) and by the slightly oscillating movement of the separating belt 24. The oscillating movement of the conveyor belt results in a spring-back effect on the body-shaped parts, which favors the separating effect. In the sorting machine, therefore, the static friction and the tramboline effect of the separating belt 24, the vibration of the vibrating device 28 and the force of gravity interact. This enables targeted sorting.

Die Transportbänder 24, 27 können vorteilhafterweise auch aus einem einzigen, entsprechend geformten Band bestehen. Wahlweise kann das Transportband 27 muldenförmig ausgebildet sein.The conveyor belts 24, 27 can advantageously also consist of a single, appropriately shaped belt. Optionally, the conveyor belt 27 can be trough-shaped.

Am Ende des unteren Transportbandes 27 (wahlweise auch am oberen Band 24) ist eine weitere Trennvorrichtung für Teile in Form eines Bürstenrads 30 vorgesehen. Die in der Fig. 1 mit horizontaler Drehachse 31 dargestellte Rotationseinrichtung erfaßt mit seinen weichen Bürstenhaaren die leichten Teile 32 und schleudert sie tangential weg, während die schweren Teile 33 unbeeinflußt nach unten fallen. Das Bürstenrad ist ähnlich einer Waschbürste in einer Kfz-Waschanlage aufgebaut.At the end of the lower conveyor belt 27 (optionally also on the upper belt 24), a further separating device for parts in the form of a brush wheel 30 is provided. The rotary device shown in FIG. 1 with the horizontal axis of rotation 31 detects the light parts 32 with its soft brush hair and hurls them tangentially, while the heavy parts 33 fall down unaffected. The brush wheel is constructed like a washing brush in a car wash.

Die Sortiereinrichtung 14 trennt das Wertstoffgemisch im wesentlichen in Papier und Flaschen o. dgl. auf. Diese Fraktionen werden dann den beiden Kreisringen des Sortiertisches zugeführt.The sorting device 14 essentially separates the material mixture into paper and bottles or the like. These fractions are then fed to the two circular rings of the sorting table.

Claims (9)

1. Sorting device for the sorting of valuable materials from household garbage, industrial garbage, bulky garbage, dry garbage and/or substances presenting problems and risks, especially for the separation of three-dimensional from flat objects, comprising a wide conveyor belt (24) ascending in the conveying direction, which possesses a capture curtain (29) disposed at an angle to the direction of movement of the conveyor belt (24), characterized in that the conveyor belt (24, 25) has a conveying plane (25) descending or inclined transversely to the direction of movement, having a high coefficient of friction and capable of being set in vibrational movement, on which the capture curtain (29) extends obliquely to the longitudinal edges of the conveyor belt (24) parallel to the direction of movement, and that a further flat or trough-shaped conveyor belt (27), preferably ascending in the direction of conveying (23), is provided at the lower longitudinal edge (26) of the inclined conveyor belt (24).
2. Sorting device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the inclined, first conveyor belt (24) constitutes, together with the preferably trough-shaped conveyor belt (27) adjoining thereto, a continuous conveying unit.
3. Sorting device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a rotary brush (30) with horizontal or vertical axis of rotation (31) and having long, flexible bristles is provided at the end of the conveyor belt (27).
4. Sorting device according to Claim 1, characterized in that different annular zones (11, 11 a) of a sorting installation (10) are associated with the conveying plane (25) and with the conveyor belt (27).
5. Sorting device according to Claim 4, comprising a conveying means disposed in an upper plane, which feeds the materials to be sorted to at least two sorting workplaces, sorting shafts leading downwards to the relevant reception points for the individual materials to be sorted being associated with the sorting workplaces, characterized in that at least two flat annular zones (11, 11a), revolving horizontally in the same or opposite directions, are provided, having sorting workplaces (12) and associated sorting shafts (15).
6. Sorting device according to Claim 5, characterized in that the sorting workplaces (12) are disposed on a rotatably mounted sorting platform (12), constructed as a circular segment, inside and/or outside the annular sorting table (11), like or different sorting shafts (15) being associated with each sorting platform (12).
7. Sorting device according to Claim 5, characterized in that annular zones (11, 11 a) with controllable conveying speed are provided.
8. Sorting device according to one or more of Claims 5 to 7, characterized in that concentrically extending disposal shafts (16) for the sorting shafts (15) are provided, which each comprise one or more downwardly or laterally discharging discharge openings (17), means being provided for conveying the sorted materials at these discharge openings, preferably containers, conveying systems or further processing devices such as baling presses for paper, crushing plants etc.
9. Sorting device according to one or more of Claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the sorting workplaces are constructed as hand sorting places and/or as mechanical sorting places (19), and that locking-out zones or intermediate bunker zones (20), for temporary storage and/or for the provision of special workplaces, may be branched off from the sorting table (11).
EP84102186A 1983-04-22 1984-03-01 Sorting plant for extracting valuable products from household refuse, industrial refuse, bulky refuse, dry refuse, and/or difficult and dangerous matter Expired EP0123825B1 (en)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84102186T ATE43799T1 (en) 1983-04-22 1984-03-01 SORTING PLANT PARTICULARLY FOR THE SEPARATION OF RECYCLING MATERIALS FROM HOUSEHOLD WASTE, COMMERCIAL WASTE, BULKY WASTE, DRY WASTE, AND/OR PROBLEM AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS.
US06/796,576 US4760925A (en) 1984-03-01 1985-02-27 Refuse sorting apparatus
EP19850901351 EP0174967B1 (en) 1984-03-01 1985-02-27 Sorting plant particularly for recovering valuable materials from refuse
JP50112385A JPH0655302B2 (en) 1984-03-01 1985-02-27 Sorting equipment for sorting valuable substances from household waste, commercial waste, bulky waste, dry waste, and / or problematic substances and dangerous substances
AT85901351T ATE47973T1 (en) 1984-03-01 1985-02-27 SORTING DEVICE FOR THE RECOVERY OF RECYCLABLE MATERIALS FROM WASTE.
PCT/DE1985/000060 WO1985003890A1 (en) 1984-03-01 1985-02-27 Sorting plant particularly for recovering valuable materials from refuse
DE8585901351T DE3574234D1 (en) 1984-03-01 1985-02-27 Sorting plant particularly for recovering valuable materials from refuse
EP19850710004 EP0154599A1 (en) 1984-03-01 1985-02-27 Sorting plant for extracting valuable products from household refuse, industrial refuse, bulky refuse, dry refuse, and for problematic and dangerous material

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3314715 1983-04-22
DE3314715 1983-04-22
DE3335496 1983-09-30
DE3335496 1983-09-30

Publications (3)

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EP0123825A2 EP0123825A2 (en) 1984-11-07
EP0123825A3 EP0123825A3 (en) 1985-10-09
EP0123825B1 true EP0123825B1 (en) 1989-06-07

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Family Applications (1)

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EP84102186A Expired EP0123825B1 (en) 1983-04-22 1984-03-01 Sorting plant for extracting valuable products from household refuse, industrial refuse, bulky refuse, dry refuse, and/or difficult and dangerous matter

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EP (1) EP0123825B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3478578D1 (en)

Cited By (2)

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DE4416457A1 (en) * 1993-05-11 1994-11-17 Bezner Maschf Sorting installation
CN103464377A (en) * 2012-09-21 2013-12-25 长沙中联重科环卫机械有限公司 Entanglement extractor

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0655302B2 (en) * 1984-03-01 1994-07-27 マシ−ネンフアブリ−ク ベツナ− ゲゼルシヤフト ミツト ベシユレンクテル ハフツング ウント コンパニ− コンマンデイ−トゲゼルシヤフト Sorting equipment for sorting valuable substances from household waste, commercial waste, bulky waste, dry waste, and / or problematic substances and dangerous substances
US5678697A (en) * 1993-05-11 1997-10-21 Maschinenfabrik Bezner Gmbh & Co. Kg Sorting installation
FR2724584B1 (en) * 1994-09-19 1997-01-10 Soc D Expl Des Ets Racodon Sa DEVICE FOR MANUAL SORTING OF WASTE
FR2725923B1 (en) * 1994-10-24 1996-12-13 Belloir Guy CIRCULAR PLATFORM FOR MANUAL SORTING OF INDUSTRIAL AND COMMERCIAL HOUSEHOLD WASTE
FR2782659B1 (en) * 1998-08-27 2000-11-17 Vauche P SEQUENTIAL SORTING DEVICE AND PRODUCT SORTING METHOD
FR2784907A1 (en) * 1998-10-23 2000-04-28 Comdec Bulk household waste sorting method and device, uses an annular rotating table feeding hoppers
CN103990638B (en) * 2014-05-13 2016-05-04 深圳市龙吉顺环保科技有限公司 Twister extraction element when a kind of garbage disposal discharging
CN109396046A (en) * 2018-12-12 2019-03-01 袁耀康 Material processor
CN111515226A (en) * 2020-06-08 2020-08-11 深圳市中海机械有限公司 Automatic quick sorting machine for kitchen waste
CN112371508A (en) * 2020-11-24 2021-02-19 杨红亮 Device capable of screening and separating chopsticks and packaging lunch boxes for packaging lunch boxes

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DE182993C (en) *
GB566183A (en) * 1943-05-24 1944-12-18 Leonard George Hamlin Improvements in plant for the separation and salvage of town refuse
DE804191C (en) * 1948-03-23 1951-04-16 Willem Antonie Gerard Weststra Device for processing garbage and similar waste materials
DE1123499B (en) * 1957-04-18 1962-02-08 Siemens Ag Letter sorting machine with pockets arranged on a rotary conveyor
CA1110996A (en) * 1977-09-09 1981-10-20 Reginald H. Clark Apparatus and method for sorting articles
DE2847698C3 (en) * 1978-11-03 1981-03-12 Franz Grimme Landmaschinenfabrik, 2845 Damme Device on potato harvesting machines for separating potatoes from stones
SE430761B (en) * 1980-04-30 1983-12-12 Kmw Mekan Ab DEVICE FOR DRY SEPARATION OF LINER FORMS IN A CONTINUOUS FLOW OF LIGHT MATERIAL

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4416457A1 (en) * 1993-05-11 1994-11-17 Bezner Maschf Sorting installation
CN103464377A (en) * 2012-09-21 2013-12-25 长沙中联重科环卫机械有限公司 Entanglement extractor
CN103464377B (en) * 2012-09-21 2015-09-02 长沙中联重科环卫机械有限公司 Twister extractor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0123825A2 (en) 1984-11-07
DE3478578D1 (en) 1989-07-13
EP0123825A3 (en) 1985-10-09

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