EP0894844A1 - Brennstoffzusatz und den Zusatz enthaltende Brennstoffzusammensetzung - Google Patents
Brennstoffzusatz und den Zusatz enthaltende Brennstoffzusammensetzung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0894844A1 EP0894844A1 EP98306034A EP98306034A EP0894844A1 EP 0894844 A1 EP0894844 A1 EP 0894844A1 EP 98306034 A EP98306034 A EP 98306034A EP 98306034 A EP98306034 A EP 98306034A EP 0894844 A1 EP0894844 A1 EP 0894844A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- additive
- polyoxyalkylene glycol
- fuel additive
- fuel composition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/198—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid
- C10L1/1985—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid polyethers, e.g. di- polygylcols and derivatives; ethers - esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/143—Organic compounds mixtures of organic macromolecular compounds with organic non-macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/04—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for minimising corrosion or incrustation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/06—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for facilitating soot removal
Definitions
- This invention relates to a fuel additive and a fuel composition containing the additive, and more specifically to a fuel additive having the property of improving the cleanliness of an intake system and a combustion chamber of a gasoline engine.
- Fuel for internal combustion engines such as gasoline, is well known to have the tendency of forming sludge, deposit and the like in intake systems and combustion chambers. Deposit in the intake system of an engine becomes a cause of a reduction in its output, a deterioration in its operability and an impairment in its exhaust emission. Especially, as a result of the move toward gasoline engines of significantly high performance in recent years, the engines are now extremely sensitive in performance to such deposit in their intake systems.
- an electronic control type fuel injection device permits accurate control of an air-fuel ratio and is effective in improving not only the performance of an engine but also its gasoline mileage and exhaust emission, formation of deposit on the associated intake valve results in striking of the deposit by gasoline injected from the fuel injection device, thereby failing to properly control the air/fuel ratio.
- JP kokai 4-88091 teaches that a fuel added with a gasoline additive composition, which comprises a polyoxyalkylene glycol having a molecular weight of from 500 to 5,000 or a derivative thereof, an alkylamine and a lubricating oil fraction, can reduce the amount of deposit to be formed on intake valves.
- a fuel with a lubricating oil fraction added therein has been found to deteriorate the cleanliness of combustion chambers of an engine.
- JP kokai 3-229797 discloses a fuel which contains a polyetheramine compound. This publication describes that the fuel can improve the cleanliness of the intake system and combustion chambers of a gasoline engine. Its effect has however been found to be insufficient for the improvement of the cleanliness of the intake system and combustion chambers.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a fuel additive comprising a particular polyoxyalkylene glycol with the property of improving the cleanliness of the intake system and combustion chamber of a gasoline engine, and also a fuel composition containing the additive.
- a fuel additised with a polyoxyalkylene glycol which has an average molecular weight of from 500 to 5,000 and contains oxypropylene groups in a proportion of 50 wt% or higher, preferably in the substantial absence of lubricating oil as a diluent can markedly improve the cleanliness of the intake system and combustion chambers of a gasoline engine.
- the present invention provides a fuel additive comprising as a principal component, preferably in the substantial absence of lubricating oil as a diluent, a polyoxyalkylene glycol having an average molecular weight of from 500 to 5,000 and represented by the following formula (1): HO-(AO) n -H wherein (AO) n represents a mixture of oxyethylene groups and oxypropylene groups or solely oxypropylene groups, the A representing an ethylene group or propylene group, and the n representing a positive integer, provided that the content of oxypropylene group(s) is 50 wt% or higher based on the total weight of the oxyethylene and oxypropylene groups.
- the present invention also provides a fuel composition comprising a petroleum fraction as a principal component and 0.001 to 5 wt%, based on the whole weight of the fuel composition, of the above fuel additive.
- the present invention is concerned with the fuel additive and also with the fuel composition containing the fuel additive, as described above.
- the present invention embraces the following additives and fuel composition:
- the fuel additive according to the present invention contains as a principal component the polyoxyalkylene glycol represented by the formula (1).
- A may be mixed alkylene group formed of an ethylene group and a propylene group. Preferably, it is a propylene group.
- it is important that the content of oxypropylene group(s) in the polyoxyalkylene glycol is 50 wt% or higher, preferably 60 to 100 wt%, for example 70 to 90 wt%.
- a content of oxypropylene group(s) lower than 50 wt% leads to insufficient solubility in fuel and also to formation of sludge and deposit in a greater amount.
- the average molecular weight of the polyoxyalkylene glycol in the present invention is from 500 to 5,000.
- An average molecular weight lower than 500 leads to a substantial reduction in the preventive effect against the formation of sludge and deposit.
- An average molecular weight higher than 5,000 results in such a polyoxyalkylene glycol as acting by itself is a cause for sludge and deposit formation.
- the preferred average molecular weight is from 1,000 to 3,000.
- the polyoxyalkylene glycol in the present invention can be prepared by method(s) known per se in the art. For example, it can be prepared by subjecting ethylene oxide and propylene oxide as raw materials to ring-opening polymerization in the presence of a catalyst.
- a catalyst can include metal alkoxides [Al(OR) 3 , Zn(OR) 2 and the like] and organometal compounds [Al(C 2 H 5 ) 3 , Zn(C 2 H 5 ) 2 and the like].
- oxyethylene groups and oxypropylene groups may be arranged regularly, randomly or as blocks.
- the polyoxyalkylene glycol is in the form of a block polymer in many instances.
- the proportion of oxypropylene groups in the polyoxyalkylene glycol for use in the present invention can be controlled at 50 wt% or higher based on the average molecular weight of the polyoxyalkylene glycol by adjusting the ratio between ethylene oxide and propylene oxide. Further, it is possible to produce a polymer, the average molecular weight of which is from 1,000 to 5,000, by controlling its polymerization conditions to adjust its polymerization degree and then isolating it by a distillation method and the like. Such polymers have been produced to date for use as surfactants and also as raw materials for urethane rubber. "Pluronic" series commercially available from Asahi Denka Kogyo K.K. can be mentioned as examples.
- the fuel additive according to the present invention may contain, at low concentrations, impurities, polymers of low molecular weights, polymers of high molecular weights and the like, which are formed as byproducts in the course of the production.
- the fuel additive can be used in a form dissolved in a diluent.
- a known organic solvent can be used.
- Illustrative can be saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as n-hexane, n-heptane and isooctane, aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene and xylene, and fuels such as gasoline.
- the diluent can be used in a proportion of from 0.05 to 20 parts by weight per every part by weight of the polyoxyalkylene glycol of the present invention.
- the fuel composition according to the present invention is obtained by mixing, in a fuel composed of a petroleum fraction as a principal component, the fuel additive of the present invention at a content of from 0.001 to 5 wt% based on the whole weight of the fuel composition.
- the manner of mixing such as the order of mixing.
- a content lower than 0.001 wt% cannot reduce the formation of sludge and deposit to a sufficient extent in the intake system and combustion chambers of a gasoline engine, whereas a content higher than 5 wt% leads to an increase in the amount of sludge and deposit formed.
- the preferred content ranges from 0.05 to 0.5 wt%.
- Specific examples of the fuel can be fuels for spark ignition engines, such as No. 1 and No.
- motor gasolines specified under JIS K2202 and the "aviation gasoline” stipulated under JIS K2206. These "motor gasolines” should include reformed motor gasolines, cracked motor gasolines, low-lead motor gasolines, unleaded motor gasolines, and the like.
- the petroleum fraction employed in the fuel composition according to the present invention can be a petroleum fraction having a 10%-distillation temperature of 70°C or lower and a 97%-distillation temperature of 205°C or lower, as distillation properties, and an existent gum content of 5 mg/100 ml or lower.
- Illustrative can be petroleum fractions produced by atmospheric distillation of crudes such as paraffin base crude, naphthene base crude, mixed base crude, special crudes, and mixtures thereof, as well as petroleum fractions obtained as a result of treatment of heavy petroleum fractions, which have been produced by atmospheric distillation of such crude, by combining hydrocracking, catalytic cracking, catalytic reforming and the like. These petroleum fractions can be used either singly or in combination.
- Components other than the petroleum fraction can include gas oil fractions derived from oil shale, oil sand, coal and the like; and gas oil fractions synthetically available from methanol.
- the fuel composition according to the present invention can also contain one or more known fuel additives as desired to extents not impairing its performance.
- the known fuel additives can include surface ignition preventing agents such as tricresyl phosphate (TCP) and trimethyl phosphate; metal deactivators led by salicylidene derivatives such as N,N'-salicylidene diaminopropane; anti-icing additives such as alcohols and succinimide; corrosion inhibitors such as aliphatic amine salts, sulfonate salts and alkylamine phosphates; antistatic agents such as anionic, cationic and amphoteric surfactants; coloring agents such as azo dyes; phenols such as 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresole; and antioxidants typified by aromatic amines such as phenyl-à-naphthylamine.
- TCP tricresyl phosphate
- the fuel composition according to the present invention may also contain an oxygen-containing compound to an extent not impairing its performance.
- an oxygen-containing compound can be methanol, ethanol, methyl tert-butyl ether, and ethyl tert-butyl ether.
- the amount of the oxygen-containing compound can be, but is not limited to, in a range of from 0.1 to 10% based on the whole weight of the fuel composition.
- the content of the oxypropylene groups contained in Compound 1 was determined by 13C-NMR spectroscopy.
- a fuel composition was prepared by mixing Compound 1 in the petroleum fraction shown in Table 1.
- a cleanliness performance test was conducted on the thus-prepared fuel composition.
- the content of Compound 1 in the fuel composition and the results of the cleanliness performance test are shown in Table 4.
- the results of the cleanliness performance test were presented in terms of changes (%) relative to the cleanliness performance of the base fuel not added with Compound 1.
- Example Content in fuel composition (wt%) Compound 1 0.1 Cleanliness performance (change 1 %) IVD 2 - 60 IVD 3 - 42
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP9219069A JPH1150068A (ja) | 1997-07-30 | 1997-07-30 | 燃料油添加剤及び該添加剤を含有する燃料油組成物 |
JP219069/97 | 1997-07-30 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0894844A1 true EP0894844A1 (de) | 1999-02-03 |
Family
ID=16729789
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98306034A Withdrawn EP0894844A1 (de) | 1997-07-30 | 1998-07-29 | Brennstoffzusatz und den Zusatz enthaltende Brennstoffzusammensetzung |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0894844A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPH1150068A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2241518A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3042878A1 (de) | 2015-01-07 | 2016-07-13 | Omya International AG | Verfahren zum Erhalt eines ultrafeinen GCC mit hohen Lichtstreuungseigenschaften und hohem Festkörpergehalt |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4550237B2 (ja) * | 2000-07-21 | 2010-09-22 | 三洋化成工業株式会社 | 燃料油添加剤及び燃料油組成物 |
Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2425845A (en) * | 1945-04-21 | 1947-08-19 | Carbide & Carbon Chem Corp | Mixtures of polyoxyalkylene diols and methods of making such mixtures |
US3030939A (en) * | 1958-07-10 | 1962-04-24 | Standard Oil Co | Method of operating spark-ignition combustion engine |
FR2096298A5 (de) * | 1970-06-16 | 1972-02-11 | Shell Int Research | |
US4548616A (en) * | 1984-06-14 | 1985-10-22 | Texaco Inc. | Gasoline containing as additive poly(oxyethylene) poly(oxypropylene) poly(oxyethylene) polyol to reduce octane requirement increase |
JPH0488091A (ja) * | 1990-07-30 | 1992-03-19 | Tonen Corp | ガソリン添加用組成物 |
GB2261441A (en) * | 1991-11-18 | 1993-05-19 | Ethyl Petroleum Additives Inc | Fuel compositions |
EP0569228A1 (de) * | 1992-05-06 | 1993-11-10 | Ethyl Petroleum Additives, Inc. | Inzufuhranlage für Niederschläge kontrollierende Zusammensetzungen |
EP0647700A1 (de) * | 1993-10-06 | 1995-04-12 | Ethyl Corporation | Kraftstoffzusammensetzungen, und Zusätze dafür |
EP0654524A2 (de) * | 1990-06-07 | 1995-05-24 | Tonen Corporation | Treibstoffzusatzezusammensetzung |
-
1997
- 1997-07-30 JP JP9219069A patent/JPH1150068A/ja active Pending
-
1998
- 1998-07-29 EP EP98306034A patent/EP0894844A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-07-30 CA CA002241518A patent/CA2241518A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2425845A (en) * | 1945-04-21 | 1947-08-19 | Carbide & Carbon Chem Corp | Mixtures of polyoxyalkylene diols and methods of making such mixtures |
US3030939A (en) * | 1958-07-10 | 1962-04-24 | Standard Oil Co | Method of operating spark-ignition combustion engine |
FR2096298A5 (de) * | 1970-06-16 | 1972-02-11 | Shell Int Research | |
US4548616A (en) * | 1984-06-14 | 1985-10-22 | Texaco Inc. | Gasoline containing as additive poly(oxyethylene) poly(oxypropylene) poly(oxyethylene) polyol to reduce octane requirement increase |
EP0654524A2 (de) * | 1990-06-07 | 1995-05-24 | Tonen Corporation | Treibstoffzusatzezusammensetzung |
JPH0488091A (ja) * | 1990-07-30 | 1992-03-19 | Tonen Corp | ガソリン添加用組成物 |
GB2261441A (en) * | 1991-11-18 | 1993-05-19 | Ethyl Petroleum Additives Inc | Fuel compositions |
EP0569228A1 (de) * | 1992-05-06 | 1993-11-10 | Ethyl Petroleum Additives, Inc. | Inzufuhranlage für Niederschläge kontrollierende Zusammensetzungen |
EP0647700A1 (de) * | 1993-10-06 | 1995-04-12 | Ethyl Corporation | Kraftstoffzusammensetzungen, und Zusätze dafür |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 9218, Derwent World Patents Index; Class A17, AN 92-146873, XP002084179 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3042878A1 (de) | 2015-01-07 | 2016-07-13 | Omya International AG | Verfahren zum Erhalt eines ultrafeinen GCC mit hohen Lichtstreuungseigenschaften und hohem Festkörpergehalt |
US10619049B2 (en) | 2015-01-07 | 2020-04-14 | Omya International Ag | Process to obtain an ultrafine GCC with high light scattering properties and high solid content |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2241518A1 (en) | 1999-01-30 |
JPH1150068A (ja) | 1999-02-23 |
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