EP0891118B1 - Elément chauffant et appareil électroménager, notamment fer à repasser à vapeur, comportant un tel élément et procédé d'obtention du fer à repasser - Google Patents
Elément chauffant et appareil électroménager, notamment fer à repasser à vapeur, comportant un tel élément et procédé d'obtention du fer à repasser Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0891118B1 EP0891118B1 EP98401731A EP98401731A EP0891118B1 EP 0891118 B1 EP0891118 B1 EP 0891118B1 EP 98401731 A EP98401731 A EP 98401731A EP 98401731 A EP98401731 A EP 98401731A EP 0891118 B1 EP0891118 B1 EP 0891118B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- resistive circuit
- layer
- ceramic layer
- heating element
- sole
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
- H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
- H05B3/26—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base
- H05B3/265—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base the insulating base being an inorganic material, e.g. ceramic
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
- D06F75/00—Hand irons
- D06F75/08—Hand irons internally heated by electricity
- D06F75/24—Arrangements of the heating means within the iron; Arrangements for distributing, conducting or storing the heat
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an element heating, of the type constituted by a resistive circuit capable of being crossed by an electric current and thermal bond with the internal part of a plate conductive of heat, through electrically insulating means.
- Such a heating element is generally flat and it is reported on the conductive plate by all connecting means, such as for example by bonding.
- the invention applies in particular, but not exclusively for household appliances such as irons in general, whether steam or not, fryers, or grilling appliances, etc ... fact, the invention can be applied to any device intended to operate in a humid environment in permanently or occasionally.
- the invention is therefore susceptible of applications in a very large field, but an application preferential concerns its integration in an iron iron with steam or dry type.
- the invention also relates to a iron provided with such a heating element.
- the major difficulty in this type of device domestic using steam or operating in humid environment consists in achieving isolation electrical between the electrical resistive circuit heater and the heat conducting plate to exploit in one way or another.
- European patent application EP-A-0555159 filed by the plaintiff, describes a heating element intended in particular for an iron and made according to a sandwich structure inserting a resistive heating element, embedded in a resin thermoplastic and delimited on either side of its upper and lower sides by two sheets of electrical insulating coating, themselves receiving on either side of their outer faces a layer of thermoplastic resin, constituting means of insulating connection with rigid elements, one at less forms a heating plate.
- the different constituent layers of such heating element are linked together by fusing.
- a heating element of the type described in the above-mentioned European patent application present the disadvantage of requiring a manufacturing process heavy and expensive with expensive materials and whose operating temperature limit is relatively close to operating temperature of the device.
- the aforementioned heating elements do not adapt well to the fact that the heating parts subjected to an electrical voltage are too close accessible edges of the spray orifices, when it comes to steam irons. Indeed, the current leakage lines are too short and this aspect therefore limits the number of steam possible.
- WO 93 02533 A discloses an element electric heater, especially usable in an iron ironing board, essentially comprising a plate of metal base coated with a dielectric glass ceramic, on which a track is placed electrical resistive in a material containing platinum.
- the resistive track is itself covered of a dielectric material.
- the present invention aims to remedy the disadvantages of a heating element entering the structure of a household appliance likely to be used in a humid environment.
- such a heating element aims to provide a heating structure allowing good distribute the heat over the entire surface of the means of electrically insulating connection, and very quickly.
- the heating element of the invention can also be particularly simple and present improved insulation characteristics, for a reduced manufacturing cost.
- the invention relates to an element heater intended in particular for an iron, type constituted by a resistive circuit able to be crossed by an electric current and in connection thermal with the internal part of a plate heat conductive or sole, by through electrically insulating means, the resistive circuit being a thin layer and the means electrically insulating being constituted by a layer ceramic of which an upper face receives the circuit resistive and of which a lower face is in connection with the inner part of the sole.
- the thin layer constituting the resistive circuit is divided into conductive strips, parallel to each other and distributed to cover any the surface of the ceramic layer by providing a constant surface power and electrically connected to each other in series via connections.
- the heat is very quickly distributed over the entire surface of the ceramic layer.
- the resistive circuit can have a very wide low, which further improves the regularity of the heater.
- the present invention also relates to characteristics that will emerge during the description which will follow and which should be considered in isolation or according to all their possible technical combinations.
- the heating element 1 shown in the figures is more particularly suitable for an iron with steam.
- the heating element consists of a circuit resistive 2 able to be crossed by a current electrical and in thermal connection with the part internal of a heat conducting plate, in the occurrence of an iron soleplate 3, this connection made by means electrically insulating.
- These electrically insulating means are made up by a ceramic layer 4 including an upper face 4a receives resistive circuit 2 and one side of which lower 4b is in connection with the internal part 3a of the sole 3.
- the ceramic layer 4 is produced directly on the internal face 3a of the sole 3 which it covers.
- This ceramic insulating layer is obtained by firing thick sprayed and dried slip less than 0.5 mm.
- a thin layer conductive metal oxide preferably of tin oxide, from a precursor essentially composed of a chloride solution tin and a dopant, for example fluoride ammonium.
- Thin layers of tin oxide can have a thickness of 0.05 ⁇ m to 0.5 ⁇ m. They are then transparent. In these thicknesses, the lowest resistance values are of the order of 20 ⁇ / cm 2 . In the present case, since transparency does not matter, it is possible to deposit greater thicknesses, preferably between 1 and 10 ⁇ m, and thus obtain resistances of the order of ⁇ / cm 2 .
- the “Pyrosol” deposition technique is based on the thermal decomposition of fine droplets.
- One of interests of this method lies in the mode obtaining the aerosol which gives it properties particular finesse and homogeneity of the droplet size.
- the principle consists in cause a liquid to burst under the action of a ultrasonic pressure.
- the implementation of the process “Pyrosol” implies the choice of three constituents: source compound, solvent and carrier gas, compatible with each other, and with the substrate on which the deposit must be made.
- the process differs from conventional chemical vapor deposition "CVD” by the mode of transport of the reaction product. After evaporation of the latter, film formation is the result of a gas-solid reaction. As in “CVD", the active species reacts in the adsorbed phase and reaction products are subsequently desorbed.
- the conductive deposit of tin oxide can be carried out from tin chloride, preferably SnCl 4 dissolved in a solvent, preferably ethanol or methanol.
- a solvent preferably ethanol or methanol.
- the fluorine or antimony dopants are added from ammonium fluoride (NH 4 F) for fluorine and antimony chloride (SbCl 3 ) for antimony.
- NH 4 F ammonium fluoride
- SBCl 3 antimony chloride
- the SnCl 4 concentration is preferably between 0.1 and 0.8 mol / l and the temperature of the substrate during deposition is between 300 and 500 ° C.
- the thin conductive layer is produced from zinc oxides.
- the precursors used can then be zinc chloride (ZnCl 2 ) or zinc acetate ((Zn (C 2 H 3 O 2 ) 2 ).
- the solvent used can be a mixture of water and ethanol or methanol and the addition of a dopant, preferably indium, in the form of indium chloride.
- the conductive layer thin comprises at least one organometallic compound.
- the thin layer constituting the resistive circuit 2 is divided into conductive strips 5, parallel between them, and distributed to cover the entire surface of the ceramic layer 4 and consequently that of the sole 3, to provide a constant pfd.
- Conductive strips 5 of the thin layer constituting the resistive circuit 2 are obtained by chemical etching or masking.
- the conductive strips 5 are interconnected via connections 7.
- the element heating (not shown), it is made up of from a metal plate on which are successively arranged the ceramic layer 4 and the resistive circuit 2 to form a subset separate to report on the internal part 3a of the sole 3.
- said resistive circuits 2 are covered by a second insulating layer 14 (FIG. 1), so that build a limited sandwich structure externally, on the one hand, by the ceramic layer 4 and, on the other hand, by said second layer insulator 14, between which the element is inserted resistive 2.
- the second insulating layer 14 is also a ceramic layer.
- the deposition of the insulating layer 14 is preferably obtained by baking a slip sprayed with a lower melting temperature to that of the ceramic layer 4.
- the heating element 1 which has just been described is intended to equip a household appliance, more particularly a steam iron whose ironing sole 3 has holes 15 in passage of steam from a vaporization (not shown).
- Resistive circuit 2 bypasses orifices 15 for the passage of steam at a distance predetermined, so as to allow the second insulating layer 14 to be intimately linked to the zones free from ceramic layer 4 no covered by the resistive circuit 2 and in particular around the orifices 15 for passage of the steam, in order to obtain electrical isolation from them.
- the resistive circuit 2 constituted by the strips conductive 5 bypasses the orifices 15 for passage of vapor, at a relatively small distance which is less than 3 mm. Being able to approach the closer to the orifices 15, by the resistive circuit 2 limits unheated areas without however create lines of flight. this allows increase the number of orifices 15 while keeping a sufficient heated area.
- the free zones a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h of the ceramic layer 4 not covered by the circuit resistive 2 are intended to be in intimate connection with the second insulating layer 14 (not shown in the figure 2).
- the heating element 1 is previously attached to a stainless steel plate, itself stuck on a sole 3 of polished or enameled aluminum, for example through a silicone adhesive.
- the stainless steel plate is flat and raised on its outline in order to give it stiffness while by helping to improve the aesthetics of the whole.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
- Cookers (AREA)
Description
- la figure 1 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'un élément chauffant selon l'invention, intégré à titre d'exemple dans une semelle de fer à repasser ;
- la figure 2 est une vue de dessus d'une semelle de fer à repasser selon la figure 1 ayant reçu une couche de céramique et un circuit résistif, selon un premier exemple de réalisation.
- déposer, directement sur la semelle 3 ou par l'intermédiaire d'une plaque métallique (non représentée), une couche de céramique 4 sur sa quasi totalité, à l'exclusion des orifices 15 de passage de la vapeur qui y sont pratiqués et qui se trouvent ainsi entourés de céramique,
- réaliser par tout moyen une couche mince formant un circuit résistif 2 constitué de bandes conductrices parallèles, de largeur et d'épaisseur constantes, et reliées électriquement entre elles en série par l'intermédiaire de connexions (7), ladite couche mince étant réalisée sur la face supérieure de la couche céramique 4 en contournant lesdits orifices 15 selon une distance prédéterminée,
- déposer une seconde couche isolante 14 sur le circuit résistif 2 et se liant intimement aux zones libres a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h de la première couche céramique 4, non recouverte par le circuit résistif 2, notamment autour des orifices 15 de passage de la vapeur.
Claims (17)
- Elément chauffant destiné notamment à un fer à repasser, du type constitué par un circuit résistif (2) apte à être traversé par un courant électrique et en liaison thermique avec la partie interne (3a) d'une plaque conductrice de la chaleur ou semelle (3), par l'intermédiaire de moyens électriquement isolants, le circuit résistif étant une couche mince et les moyen électriquement isolants étant constitués par une couche céramique (4) dont la face supérieure (4a) reçoit le circuit résistif (2) et dont la face inférieure (4b) est en liaison avec la partie interne (3a) de la plaque ou semelle (3), caractérisé en ce que la couche mince constituant le circuit résistif (2) est divisée en bandes conductrices (5), parallèles entre elles, de largeur et d'épaisseur constante, et réparties pour couvrir toute la surface de la couche céramique (4) en procurant une puissance surfacique constante, et reliées électriquement entre elles en série par l'intermédiaire de connexions (7).
- Elément chauffant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le circuit résistif (2) est une couche mince d'oxyde d'étain.
- Elément chauffant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le circuit résistif (2) est une couche mince d'oxyde de zinc.
- Elément chauffant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le circuit résistif (2) est une couche mince comprenant au moins un composé organométalique.
- Elément chauffant selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la couche céramique (4) se trouve directement sur la face interne (3a) de la semelle (5) qu'elle revêt.
- Elément chauffant selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'il est en une structure sandwich limitée extérieurement d'une part, par la couche céramique (4) et d'autre part, par une seconde couche isolante (14), entre lesquelles se trouve le circuit résistif (2).
- Elément chauffant selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la seconde couche isolante (14) est une couche céramique.
- Appareil électroménager, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte au moins un élément chauffant (1) tel que défini selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7.
- Appareil électroménager selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce qu'il est constitué par un fer à repasser à vapeur.
- Appareil électroménager selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que la semelle de repassage (3) comporte des orifices (15) de passage de la vapeur, en provenance d'une chambre de vaporisation et traversant également la couche céramique (4) qui les entoure et sur laquelle est réalisé le circuit résistif (2) contournant lesdits orifices (15), selon une distance prédéterminée, de manière à permettre à la seconde couche isolante (14) d'être intimement liée aux zones libres (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h) de la couche céramique (4) non recouverte par le circuit résistif (2) et notamment autour des orifices (15) de passage de la vapeur, afin d'obtenir un isolement électrique de ceux-ci
- Procédé d'obtention d'un fer à repasser à vapeur, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste àdéposer, directement sur la semelle (3) ou par l'intermédiaire d'une plaque métallique (non représentée), une couche de céramique (4) sur sa quasi-totalité, à l'exclusion des orifices (15) de passage de la vapeur qui y sont pratiqués et qui se trouvent ainsi entourés de céramique,réaliser par tout moyen une couche mince formant un circuit résistif (2) constitué de bandes conductrices parallèles, de largeur et d'épaisseur constantes, et reliées électriquement entre elles en série par l'intermédiaire de connexions (7), ladite couche mince étant réalisée sur la face supérieure de la couche céramique (4),en contournant lesdits orifices (15) selon une distance prédéterminéedéposer une seconde couche isolante (14) sur le circuit résistif (2) et se liant intimement aux zones libres (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h) de la première couche céramique (4), non recouverte par le circuit résistif (2), notamment autour des orifices (15) de passage de la vapeur.
- Procédé selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que le circuit résistif (2) est une couche mince formée par la méthode Pyrosol.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 11 à 12, caractérisé en ce que les bandes conductrices (5) de la couche mince constituant le circuit résistif (2) sont obtenues par gravure chimique ou masquage.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 11 à 13, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à disposer successivement sur une plaque métallique, la couche céramique (4) et le circuit résistif (2) pour former un sous-ensemble distinct, destiné à être rapporté sur la partie interne (3a) de la semelle (3).
- Procédé selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que le sous-ensemble constitué par la plaque métallique, la couche céramique (4), et le circuit résistif (2) est rapporté sur la semelle par collage.
- Procédé selon la revendication 14 ou 15, caractérisé en ce que le sous-ensemble formé par la couche céramique (4) et le circuit résistif (2) est préalablement rapporté sur une plaque en acier inoxydable, elle-même collée sur une semelle (3) en aluminium poli ou émaillé.
- Procédé selon la revendication 16, caractérisé en ce que la semelle (3) est relevée sur son pourtour afin de lui conférer une raideur, tout en contribuant à améliorer l'esthétique de l'ensemble.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9708804 | 1997-07-10 | ||
FR9708804A FR2766047B1 (fr) | 1997-07-10 | 1997-07-10 | Element chauffant et appareil electromenager, notamment fer a repasser a vapeur, comportant un tel element |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0891118A1 EP0891118A1 (fr) | 1999-01-13 |
EP0891118B1 true EP0891118B1 (fr) | 2002-09-18 |
Family
ID=9509109
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98401731A Expired - Fee Related EP0891118B1 (fr) | 1997-07-10 | 1998-07-08 | Elément chauffant et appareil électroménager, notamment fer à repasser à vapeur, comportant un tel élément et procédé d'obtention du fer à repasser |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0891118B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE224630T1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69807995T2 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2181140T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2766047B1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
USD743662S1 (en) | 2014-09-26 | 2015-11-17 | Morphy Richards Limited | Iron |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ES2278539B1 (es) | 2006-01-31 | 2008-07-16 | Celaya, Emparanza Y Galdos, Internacional, S.A. | Suela de plancha y plancha que la contiene. |
GB2437283A (en) * | 2006-04-22 | 2007-10-24 | Richards Morphy N I Ltd | Steam iron |
GB0908860D0 (en) * | 2009-05-22 | 2009-07-01 | Sagentia Ltd | Iron |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1102126A (en) * | 1964-02-24 | 1968-02-07 | Richards Morphy N I Ltd | Improvements relating to electric smoothing irons |
FR2189562A1 (fr) * | 1972-06-20 | 1974-01-25 | Zarzecki Jean | |
DE2534813A1 (de) * | 1975-08-05 | 1977-02-10 | Braun Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung einer heizvorrichtung fuer haushaltsgeraete und geraete des persoenlichen bedarfs |
DE3409925A1 (de) * | 1984-03-17 | 1985-09-26 | Robert Krups Stiftung & Co KG, 5650 Solingen | Heizkoerper fuer haushaltgeraete |
GB9115902D0 (en) * | 1991-07-23 | 1991-09-04 | Global Domestic Prod Ltd | Electrical heating elements |
-
1997
- 1997-07-10 FR FR9708804A patent/FR2766047B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-07-08 EP EP98401731A patent/EP0891118B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-07-08 DE DE69807995T patent/DE69807995T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-07-08 AT AT98401731T patent/ATE224630T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-07-08 ES ES98401731T patent/ES2181140T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
USD743662S1 (en) | 2014-09-26 | 2015-11-17 | Morphy Richards Limited | Iron |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2181140T3 (es) | 2003-02-16 |
FR2766047B1 (fr) | 1999-09-24 |
DE69807995T2 (de) | 2003-07-31 |
EP0891118A1 (fr) | 1999-01-13 |
ATE224630T1 (de) | 2002-10-15 |
DE69807995D1 (de) | 2002-10-24 |
FR2766047A1 (fr) | 1999-01-15 |
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