EP0871946B1 - Systeme de transmission de donnees comprenant au moins un emetteur et au moins un recepteur, et procede d'initialisation de ce systeme et de synchronisation emetteur-recepteur - Google Patents

Systeme de transmission de donnees comprenant au moins un emetteur et au moins un recepteur, et procede d'initialisation de ce systeme et de synchronisation emetteur-recepteur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0871946B1
EP0871946B1 EP97900979A EP97900979A EP0871946B1 EP 0871946 B1 EP0871946 B1 EP 0871946B1 EP 97900979 A EP97900979 A EP 97900979A EP 97900979 A EP97900979 A EP 97900979A EP 0871946 B1 EP0871946 B1 EP 0871946B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
receiver
transmitter
time
transmitters
identification code
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP97900979A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0871946A1 (fr
Inventor
Mathias Amann
Manfred Kaiser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Braun GmbH
Original Assignee
Braun GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19600922A external-priority patent/DE19600922A1/de
Priority claimed from DE1996110202 external-priority patent/DE19610202C1/de
Application filed by Braun GmbH filed Critical Braun GmbH
Publication of EP0871946A1 publication Critical patent/EP0871946A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0871946B1 publication Critical patent/EP0871946B1/fr
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
    • G08C15/00—Arrangements characterised by the use of multiplexing for the transmission of a plurality of signals over a common path
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
    • G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
    • G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
    • G08C2201/00—Transmission systems of control signals via wireless link
    • G08C2201/20—Binding and programming of remote control devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a system with at least one transmitter and at least one Receiver for the transmission of data via a common transmission channel, and a method for initializing the system and a method for transmitter-receiver synchronization.
  • the receiving / transmitting station contains a time signal receiver (Radio clock).
  • the sensors are air pressure, temperature and humidity sensors called, the corresponding measured quantities to the receiving / transmitting station deliver.
  • the receiving / transmitting station transmits, for example, at a frequency of 433 MHz a data signal that contains a time signal from the radio clock and from the Contains sensor-derived sensor signals in a suitable form.
  • the time signal receiver the receiving / transmitting station is not constantly activated, however, only in certain time intervals. This measure serves to meet the energy requirements of the time signal receiver to reduce.
  • the radio clock is only used once per day, for example, switched on at 2:00 a.m., by the receiving / transmitting station adjust the displayed time to the time specified by a time signal transmitter.
  • the data transmission system has one or more identical structures Transmitter and one or more identical receivers for the transmission of data via a common transmission channel.
  • Identical construction means here in particular that in the manufacture of the transmitter or the receiver not with regard to the Data transfer within a system individualizing code. Therefore, the transmitter and receiver can be inexpensive and in large quantities are manufactured.
  • each transmitter has an address memory in which one individualizing address can be saved.
  • Each recipient also points an address memory in which the addresses of the transmitters can be stored.
  • the data transmission takes place in packets, each transmitter sending its data packets in for it sends characteristic time intervals, and each receiver can send the data packets one or more stations received.
  • Transmitter and receiver are one of one or more for initialization Existing system transmitters and receivers with appropriate facilities provided manual or automatic initialization initiated by an operator allow.
  • This initialization determines which transmitter (s) are assigned to a Is assigned to the recipient, i.e. which transmitters and which receivers form one certain system belong, and how big each the characteristic for each transmitter Time intervals are in which the individual transmitters transmit. For this, the Initialization assigned an individual address to each transmitter, and the length of the characteristic time intervals according to a preferred embodiment of the system based on these addresses.
  • Each transmitter and receiver preferably contains a control circuit with one timekeeping device that only saves electricity to save electricity Broadcasting time and the recipients essentially only at the broadcasting times of one or more channels activated. This is the power consumption of the transmitter and receiver so low that the transmitters and receivers can be battery operated, and the Batteries have a long lifespan.
  • the necessary synchronization can be achieved generated that a certain period of time is specified, and the transmitter in corresponding time intervals is activated. If the recipient (s) is activated at the same time intervals, the system is synchronized.
  • the prerequisite is that at a time when the transmitter is activated, the The receiver (s) are also activated, i.e. the system must be synchronized. This can be done, for example, in that when the System initialization manually a simultaneous activation of the transmitter and the recipient. From this first synchronized activation, the further activations then automatically synchronized in time. But even if the Sender gives the recipient an address, which may be an 8-digit binary code, for example can, in the course of a so-called "registration", this registration process can be called Starting point for the time-synchronized transmission can be used. It is advantageous to provide the possibility of manual synchronization in this case too, because, for example, when changing the battery, the information about the Synchronization may be lost.
  • the receiver only receives Data if this data according to the time of transmission for this recipient are determined. Attempts to receive and evaluate information already from The time of transmission are not intended for this recipient, are therefore even not just done.
  • This process is designed to save energy can be, which is an advantage in particular with battery-powered transmitters and Recipients. By switching on the receiver at a certain time it can be ensured that the receiver is already ready to receive, when the transmitter starts transmitting.
  • a "retrieval" of the transmitter by the Recipient guaranteed if - for example as a result of a systematic and / or temperature-dependent deviation of the accuracy of the time measuring devices from Sender and receiver - the switch-on times of the transmitter and receiver no longer lie on top of each other. This can especially occur if over a long period Period there was a reception disturbance and no interim adaptation of the synchronization of sender and receiver was possible.
  • the system of claim 6 advantageously shows a systematic approach to change the switch-on times of the receiver to the address of the receiver could be found again.
  • the embodiment of the system according to claim 7 advantageously shows that a "Drifting apart" of the switch-on times of the receiver and this receiver assigned transmitter can be avoided.
  • Assign namely the time measuring devices different systematic errors of sender and receiver, so it can otherwise happen that - for example, in the event that the timing device of the Receiver takes precedence over the transmitter's time measurement device - the receiver turns on earlier. At some point the receiver will switch on so early that it is already at the end of the transmission of the data packet from the transmitter again is deactivated. This data packet cannot then be evaluated.
  • the transmitter is assigned a character string (address), which by this is transmitted during a transmission process, in particular at the beginning becomes. Based on this address individually assigned to this sender is then for the or the recipients can see whether the transmitted data comes from the transmitter, which is assigned to them, namely by these recipients evaluating the address and recognize whether it is a corresponding station. So it's through the assignment of transmitters and receivers ensures that the transmitter at least in terms of its nearer environment, in the event of interference due to simultaneous transmission multiple transmitters could occur, has a unique address.
  • the length of the time intervals is determined as a function of this address value the length of the time intervals of the transmitters differ at least in one area, in which could cause interference due to the simultaneous transmission of several transmitters. This leads to a constant shift in the relative temporal position of the Start times of broadcasts from the transmitters. This also determines that it's recurring to sending at least two at the same time Stations will come. Due to the different length of the time intervals ensured that between this recurring simultaneous sending of certain Transmitters a certain number of transmissions takes place in which this do not broadcast certain channels at the same time. The probability that during of these transmissions in turn send other stations and thus it for individual stations a longer-lasting disruption has proven to be comparatively minor.
  • the determination of the time interval according to claim 9 advantageously shows that a good compromise can be found between the transmission security of the individual transmitters and the ability to bring multiple transmitters into the entire area.
  • the factor can be, for example, on the order of approximately 1.5. For example with a fixed basic length of 30 s and an average telegram length of 100 ms results in a minimum difference in the time intervals between two neighboring transmitters of approx. 150 ms. This means that a maximum of two overlap in two neighboring transmitters successive transfers. This is then followed by approx. 200 again Transmission processes for which there is no superimposition of these two transmitters. If the fixed basic length is greater than 30 s, for example, the Factor must be increased accordingly. On the other hand, this factor can be corresponding be reduced if the fixed basic length is less than 30 s. These numbers understand themselves only as sizes for an example and do not limit the general idea arising from the subject of this claim. For example this factor can also be 1.
  • a method is already known (DE 39 28 142 A1) in which a transmitter is used Receiver is assigned by an identification code in a data telegram is sent, which individualizes the transmitter. This is done in an initialization process this identification code is recorded and stored by the recipient. In the Subsequent transmission of data telegrams becomes the respective identification code evaluated in the data telegram. Does the identification code match? one of the stored identification codes, the receiver recognizes that the data telegram comes from a transmitter assigned to this receiver. The The content of the data telegram is then evaluated accordingly.
  • the initialization method according to the invention has the advantage that the data transmission system from a plurality of identical transmitters and identical receivers can be formed because the individualizing the individual transmitter addresses be specified during initialization. It also ensures that the recipient (s) only receive data from the transmitter (s) assigned to them are sent out, so that neighboring systems, which also consist of such transmitters and Receivers exist to be operated side by side without mutual interference can.
  • the identification codes of the transmitter are not assigned to this recipient only during the initialization process saved. Only identification codes of the transmitters are saved, which are not participate in the initialization process. It can happen that a transmitter in the Should be assigned to a receiver over time, whereby both transmitter and the receiver is already installed. So if the recipient has the identification codes the transmitter, which is not assigned to this receiver, would then be saved the identification code of this transmitter is already stored in the receiver as Identification code of a transmitter that is not assigned to this receiver. If this identification code of the transmitter then the receiver in the initialization process A comparison with the stored identification code would be sent indicate that this identification code is already in use.
  • the method according to claim 13 results in a particularly simple procedure, to find an identification code for the transmitter that is in the area a receiver is not used by any other transmitter. Thereby from The recipient transmits an identification code to the sender on request, that is not used by any other transmitter. First of all, the sender gets too transmit a signal to the receiver that this transmitter is initializing to the receiver shall be. The receiver then transmits the identification code to the transmitter. The transmitter records the transmitted identification code and uses it in the following this identification code.
  • transmitters and Receivers are connected by lines during this initialization process. All communication between sender and receiver can be done through this Lines are handled. It is also possible if the Transmit information from the transmitter to the receiver using radio signals only the information from the recipient during the initialization process to transmit to the transmitter via the lines and the rest of the transmission to be realized by means of the radio signals. Communication can take the place of the lines can also be realized in another way, for example by an inductive or capacitive one Coupling, through an acoustic coupling or through an optical coupling. On An example of an optical coupling would be an infrared transmission.
  • the Receiver is a watch with an alarm function.
  • the wake-up signal output can be in appropriate cycles are controlled so that by means of the resulting pulse / pause ratio the wake-up signal output designed an information transmission can be.
  • the transmitter requires a corresponding one for these other types of transmission Receiving device.
  • Another form of implementation is, of course therein also using the information from the receiver to the transmitter To transmit radio signals.
  • the retransmission of the signal of the receiver can also be performed 14 be realized.
  • this signal is only information that the transmitter's identification code is already in use. It will then, for example a different identification code is selected by the transmitter and a new attempt is made Initialization done. But it is also conceivable that after the first unsuccessful attempt to initialize using one selected by the transmitter Identification codes according to claim 13 an identification code by the Recipient is selected. The signal then does not only contain information that the identification code is already in use, but contains one unused identification code, which is then set by the transmitter.
  • the embodiment according to claim 16 shows that transmission errors are also advantageous with regard to other recipients can be avoided.
  • Identification code is recognized as unique, but in the reception area of a other receiver is used by a transmitter that is only used by the other receiver is received, but not by the recipient participating in the initialization process is involved. In this comparatively rare case, it could possibly be too Transmission errors occur at the other recipient.
  • the signal output of the other receivers can also a change in the identification code in accordance with claims 14 or 15 of the transmitter.
  • the design of the method according to claim 17 serves to simplify the System care. If a reset for individual transmitters would not be possible, it would have to a complete reconfiguration is carried out during system maintenance.
  • the embodiment of the method according to claim 18 relates to a procedure where the information about a transmitter is not in the individual receivers completely lost if this transmitter no longer sends data to this receiver should.
  • the identification code of this transmitter can be used for any re-initializations other transmitters and the verification of their identification codes continue to be considered become.
  • the embodiment of the method according to claim 19 relates to a procedure where the identification codes of individual transmitters in the individual receivers be deleted after a certain time if the corresponding identification codes have not been received in the meantime. For example are taken into account if a transmitter has been removed from the overall configuration or its identification code due to reinitialization to other recipients had to be changed.
  • the data transmission system consists of one or more identical transmitters and one or more identical receivers.
  • the data transfer takes place via a transmission channel common to all transmitters and receivers.
  • the data transmission takes place in packets, each transmitter its data packets sends them at fixed time intervals, and each recipient sends the Can receive data packets from one or more transmitters.
  • Fig. 2 shows a transmitter 201 and a receiver 203, which are used to carry out the are designed according to the inventive method.
  • the transmitter 201 has one Actuating device 202, for example a button, after which the Transmitter 201 also sends a registration bit in the data telegram. The recipients can recognize from this registration bit that this transmitter 201 is in the initialization process is involved.
  • the data telegram is sent by a transmission device 206 of the Transmitter 201 broadcast.
  • the receiver 203 also has an actuating device 204, which can also be a button. After operating this actuator 204 this recipient is also in the initialization process involved.
  • the receiver 203 evaluates that by means of the receiving device 207 received data telegrams whether there is a logon bit in them is.
  • the receiver 203 recognizes that the transmitter 201, which this Has sent data telegram to which receiver 203 is to be initialized, i.e. that the transmitter 201 is to be assigned to this receiver 203.
  • the receiver 203 evaluates the initialization code of transmitter 201 contained in the data telegram and saves it if necessary for future data transfer processes.
  • Recipient 203 recognizes that this identification code is already from another Transmitter is used, then a signal is output via the signal output device 205. In the simplest case, the user is informed that this identification code is already in use. The user can then by pressing the Actuators 202, 204 start a re-initialization process.
  • Step 101 shows a sequence of the initialization method according to the invention.
  • Step 101 are the while receiving data telegrams
  • Identification codes of the individual transmitters are stored in the receiver.
  • the one The list contains the identification codes of the transmitters assigned to this receiver are. Occurs in the received data telegram one of these identification codes on, the data telegram is evaluated accordingly.
  • Contains the data telegram another identification code it is checked whether this identification code is included in the other list of identification codes of the transmitters that also send in the vicinity of the recipient, but not this recipient assigned. If this identification code is not included in this list, then this identification code included in this list, if at the same time in the data telegram no login bit was sent.
  • step 102 it is checked whether the actuation device 204 has been actuated. If this is not the case, there is no initialization process and normal reception of data telegrams is continued.
  • step 103 In an initialization process the transmitter actuator 202 was also actuated. This will in the registration bit is sent with the data telegram of this transmitter. In step 103 the transmitter's identification code is then recorded from the data telegram, that contains the login bit. When this is done, the process will proceed continued with step 104.
  • this step 104 it is checked whether the recorded identification code also an identification code of a transmitter that is stored in the receiver is.
  • step 104 If a match is found in step 104, a transition occurs to step 105, in which a signal is output.
  • This signal can inform the user, for example acoustically or optically, that a restart of the initialization process is necessary.
  • This signal can also be used but can also be fed directly to the transmitter.
  • step 104 If no match is found in step 104, then a Transition to step 106, in which the identification code of this transmitter is stored will appear in the list of identification codes of the sender that this receiver assigned. If necessary, this trouble-free recording of the identification code be indicated by a corresponding other signal.
  • step 101 it is also conceivable to include the identification codes of the transmitters are not assigned to this receiver in accordance with step 101 between step 102 and step 103. In this respect, this proves to be advantageous, as a transmitter that is temporarily out of service, no identification codes prove more. In addition, it is then only ready to receive at certain time intervals Recipients ensure that the list of identification codes is complete is.
  • step 103 shows part of the sequence of the initialization method according to the invention, which, for example, in the course of the method according to FIG. 1 after step 103 can be inserted.
  • the identification code of this transmitter from at least one other Receiver in the environment has already been checked for uniqueness. But since that Identification code of this transmitter also at the receiver to which the transmitter is sent is to be initialized, the list of initialization codes of the transmitters is contained in the are not assigned to this recipient, it would come to the verification of the identification code this transmitter to be re-initialized for the receiver to determine that the identification code has already been assigned. So the transmitter would when it is initialized to another receiver by its previous operation bother yourself.
  • step 301 it is then checked whether the transmitted data telegram this transmitter to be initialized contains this information.
  • the reference number 303 can correspond to FIG. 1, for example proceed to step 106 where the identification code is this Sender is stored in the corresponding recipient as an identification code of a transmitter assigned to this receiver.
  • the identification code of the transmitter from the list of the identification codes of this receiver is not assigned stations are deleted.
  • the identification code of this transmitter is So without further checking for uniqueness as an identification code of this one Receiver assigned to the stored transmitter.
  • step 301 If the check in step 301 revealed that the data telegram this information does not contain, i.e. so that this station has not yet broadcast in the area, so the method continues accordingly with step 304. In the embodiment 1, the method then continues with step 104, in which a Check of the identification code of the transmitter for its uniqueness becomes.
  • step 402 is based on the identification codes stored in the receiver the transmitter sets an identification code that is not in the receiver yet is saved. This then makes the identification code so unique largely ensured.
  • This identification code is then sent out in step 403, so that the Sender can record this identification code.
  • step 404 this identification code is then stored in the transmitter. This identification code is also stored in the recipient in the list of Identification codes of the transmitters assigned to this receiver.
  • steps 402 to 403 in the method 1 instead of step 105. That means that after one unsuccessful attempt by the sender to find a unique identification code, this transmitter relies on an identification code transmitted by the receiver sets.
  • FIG. 5 shows a transmitter 501 which is equipped with a transmission device 503. Furthermore, this transmitter 501 is equipped with a receiving device 506. On Receiver 502 has a receiving device 504 and a transmitting device 505. For the handling of communication between the sender and the receiver different transmission paths are conceivable for the transmission of the Sending device 503 to the receiving device 504 and on the other hand from the sending device 505 to the receiving device 506. For example, transmitters and Receivers are connected by lines during this initialization process. All communication between sender and receiver can be done through this Lines are handled.
  • the Transmit information from the transmitter to the receiver using radio signals only the information from the recipient during the initialization process to transmit to the transmitter via the lines and the rest of the transmission to be realized by means of the radio signals.
  • Communication can take the place of the lines can also be realized in another way, for example by an inductive or capacitive one Coupling, through an acoustic coupling or through an optical coupling. On An example of an optical coupling would be an infrared transmission.
  • the Receiver is a watch with an alarm function.
  • the wake-up signal output can be in appropriate cycles are controlled so that by means of the resulting pulse / pause ratio the wake-up signal output designed an information transmission can be.
  • Another form of implementation is, of course, also To transmit information from the receiver to the transmitter using radio signals.
  • the receivers to which the the transmitter to be reinitialized should not be initialized, the identification code this transmitter is checked for uniqueness.
  • step 601 it is checked by (each) receiver whether a received one Data telegram of a transmitter contains a registration bit.
  • step 602 in which it is checked whether whether the identification code contained in the data telegram is in the receiver stored identification code of a transmitter that corresponds to this receiver assigned. If this is the case, a transition is made to step 603, in which the Data telegram is evaluated. If this is not the case, this process is ended.
  • step 601 revealed that the data telegram is a registration bit contains, then a transition is made to step 604, in which it is checked whether the Identification code contained in the data telegram with one in the receiver identification code already stored matches.
  • These stored identification codes concern both the identification codes of the transmitters that this Recipients are assigned as well as the identification codes of the transmitters that this Recipients are not assigned.
  • These identification codes of the transmitter that this Recipients not assigned can do so both during ongoing operation be stored as well if the check in step 601 found that a data telegram contains a registration bit.
  • step 605 Signal output. This can also be checked if necessary whether it is a completely new transmitter to be installed in the area or is an already operating transmitter that is on another Recipient should be initialized.
  • step 604 revealed that the identification code in the data telegram not with one of the identification codes stored in the receiver matches, a transition is made to step 606, where it is determined whether the control device of the receiver has been operated, i.e. whether the transmitter is on initialize this recipient.
  • step 608 the identification code is in the receiver stored as an identification code of a transmitter assigned to this receiver. If necessary, this successful receipt of an identification code by this receiver is then displayed to the user by means of a corresponding signal become.
  • step 606 indicated that the transmitter was not on that receiver is to be initialized, a transition is made to step 607, in which the user for example, by a corresponding signal that the receiver checked the identification code, but did not collide with another Identification code was found.
  • the identification codes in the transmitters and in the receivers can be advantageous be stored in a non-volatile memory in order to prevent data loss at a Avoid changing batteries.
  • the transmitter can be stored in non-volatile memories that correspond to these receivers assigned.
  • FIG. 7 shows the switching behavior of a first transmitter and a receiver E.
  • the first transmitter S starts transmitting Data.
  • the transmission of the data is ended at time t2.
  • the first transmitter S will initially not send any data until the start of a new time interval Time t3, at which the transmitter in turn begins to transmit data ended at time t4.
  • the receiver E is at least until the end of the data packets, i.e. ready to receive up to the times t2 and t4 shown in FIG. 7.
  • a signal can be transmitted by the transmitter S, for example, which signals the end of the transmission of the data.
  • the receiver E for a certain period of time beyond the end of the data packets to keep ready to receive.
  • Receiver always ready to receive when the transmitter sends data.
  • the recipient Since no data can be transmitted by the first transmitter S in the period from t2 to t3 the recipient will be deactivated during this period. This can be implemented in such a way that the receiver E is switched off. However, the receiver E must then be on time again be activated, i.e. to be on the safe side, it becomes already at time t5 or t6 switched ready to receive again. In addition, it can also be provided switch off the first transmitter S when no data is to be sent. This proves itself because of the energy saving especially with battery operated transmitters and Recipients as useful. In this case, both in the transmitter and in the receiver timekeeping facilities continue to operate at the next switch on time To be able to derive sender and receiver.
  • a first time interval is thus formed by the first transmitter S, which is in the Embodiment of FIG. 7 has a duration from the time t1 to the time t3.
  • the data is sent in one packet.
  • the transmission lasts from time t1 to time t2.
  • time t2 to time t3 finds no transmission of data this first transmitter S instead.
  • a new time interval then starts at time t3.
  • the receiver is then ready to receive and receives from time t1 to time t2 data sent and evaluated. If necessary, the recipient can already be activated at time t5 so as to ensure the start of the transmission of the data to capture with.
  • the transmission system has at least one further transmitter, this applies what has been said above in connection with the first transmitter S is corresponding, but is the lengths of the time intervals (t1 to t3) of all transmitters differ from one another. Preferably the lengths differ by a fixed amount that is at least as large like the length of the data packets. In particular, for example, one would have the time interval t1 to t3 of the first transmitter S corresponding time interval of a second transmitter Length from about t1 to t4.
  • the switch-on times of the receiver and transmitter are via time measuring devices determined that exist both in the transmitter and in the receiver are. Due to a systematic deviation, it can happen that the Time measuring device of the receiver compared to the time measuring device of the transmitter goes faster or slower. There is an ever greater shift the switch-on times of the transmitter and receiver. Depending on the size This systematic deviation will at some point occur that at least a certain proportion of the data transmitted by the transmitter is no longer received because the receiver is no longer switched on.
  • a resynchronization is done by the following switch-on times of the receiver in their relative position in that determined by the time measuring device of the receiver Time interval to be shifted.
  • This shift can be determined in this way be that the next switch-on time of the receiver is determined by moving to the Duration of the time interval the duration is added during which the receiver is switched on is. If from a switch-on the next switch-on time via the so determined sum is determined, the relative position of the duty cycle results Receiver in successive time intervals as shown in Fig. 8.
  • the relative position in a first time interval corresponds to the reference number 21, in the subsequent time interval corresponding to reference number 22, in the following following time interval corresponding to reference numeral 23, in the subsequent time interval corresponding to the reference number 24 and correspondingly in the subsequent time interval the reference number 25.
  • the receiver had been activated at least once. It is then with otherwise interference-free transmission ensures that the recipient could record the sender's address at least once. If this the following switch-on times are recognized from this point Time in turn is determined by the duration of the characteristic of the respective transmitter Time interval taking into account a specific time advance.
  • Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 only has a fundamental character and does not say anything compelling about the relative duration of the Transfer until the start of the next transfer.
  • the lead time can be of the order of approx. 20-30 ms an accuracy of the time measuring devices, which is of the order of + -100ppm lies.
  • the response time of the receiver must also be taken into account, i.e. the time, which passes until the receiver is really ready to receive after being switched on. The Leading time therefore generally depends on the accuracy of the time measuring devices as well this start-up period.
  • 9 shows another procedure for determining the relative position of the switch-on time Recipient.
  • the relative Position of the switch-on time in the time interval initially (see reference number 32) moved forward a certain amount compared to the previous relative position (Reference number 31). If the transmitter could not be recognized, the relative Position of the switch-on point in the time interval, for example, by the same determined Amount moved backwards (reference number 33) compared to the previous relative Location (reference number 31). If the transmitter is still not recognized, then the relative position of the switch-on time in the time interval (see reference number 34) moved forward compared to the previous relative position (reference number 31), the relative position then being, for example, twice the specific amount can be moved forward.
  • the relative position of the switch-on time in the time interval is then again moved to the rear (reference number 35) compared to the previous relative position (reference number 31), the relative position then again backwards by the same amount is moved by which it had previously been moved forward. Even if the Transmitter could not be recognized yet, will proceed accordingly with the Advancement and corresponding relocation of the relative location. This is how it is done long until either the transmitter has been recognized or by shifting the relative location the entire time interval has been covered. It is then otherwise interference-free transmission ensures that the receiver at least once could record the identifier (address) of the transmitter. If this happens successfully , the following switch-on times from this recognized point in time determined by the duration of the time interval taking into account a certain Lead time.
  • the procedure shown in FIG. 9 is opposite to that shown in FIG. 8 Procedure has the advantage that the correct relative position of the switch-on time the receiver initially in the immediate vicinity of the previous switch-on time is sought. Due to the usually very small deviations in the time measuring devices the transmitter and receiver will look at the relative location of the switch on time of the recipient have not changed very much. A systematic search the correct switch-on time in the immediate vicinity of the previous switch-on time will therefore lead to success comparatively faster. Because that goes After the time measuring device of the receiver compared to that of the transmitter, must Finding the transmitter in the procedure of Fig.
  • the relative location of the Switch-on time of the receiver shifted over almost the entire time interval be what, for example, under the orders of magnitude mentioned above for the duration the transmission and the length of a time interval takes a comparatively long time.
  • a continuous adaptation of the switch-on time can be carried out of the receiver at the beginning of the transmission made by the transmitter become.
  • a step 401 the receiver moves ahead with a certain time advance the expected transmission start of the transmitter switched on.
  • step 402 it is then checked whether the transmitter is already transmitting has begun. If this is not the case, in step 403 the time becomes a variable determined, which has passed since the receiver was switched on. Then it happens a return to step 402 again.
  • step 402 If, at step 402, it was determined that the transmitter was transmitting has started, it is checked in step 404 whether the value of the variable contained in the Step 403 has been determined to be greater, less than, or equal to the determined time advance is.
  • step 405 of the recipient The time for the next activation is then derived in step 405 of the recipient, which can be done according to the following description.
  • the time measuring device of the receiver works compared to that of the broadcaster. It is then possible, for example, the time measuring device of the recipient or to increase the specific time. The latter has the advantage of being assigned to this receiver for different ones Stations can each have their own time advance saved. By adjusting the The switch-on time of the receiver to a transmitter then remains the switch-on times of the receiver unaffected in relation to other transmitters.
  • the time measuring device of the receiver goes compared to that of the broadcaster. It is then possible, for example, the time measuring device to introduce the recipient or to reduce the specific lead time.
  • the latter has the advantage of being assigned to this receiver for different ones Stations can each have their own time advance saved.
  • FIG. 11 shows an exemplary embodiment for the synchronization of transmitter and receiver by means of a time signal.
  • the switch-on times of transmitter and receiver are determined as absolute times.
  • the sender and receiver are the same Have the time, a synchronization of sender and receiver is guaranteed.
  • the sender and the receiver can have the same time, by the time of the transmitter - for example, to be transmitted together with others Data - sent to the recipient. This time can then be set using a Transmitting antenna 502 of transmitter S to receiving antenna 503 of receiver E. be sent. This time can be the internal time of the transmitter S. To ensure that this is the correct time in absolute terms, this time can be set by the sender can be corrected, for example, by an external time signal sent to the transmitter S fed and received by means of a receiving antenna 501 of the transmitter S.
  • the receiver E receives the same external time signal by means of the receiving antenna 503 receive. In this case too, it is ensured that the times of the time measuring devices of sender and receiver are synchronized.
  • Fig. 12 shows an example in which the time intervals of all in one according to the invention Existing transmitters are selected differently.
  • Each transmitter has a specific address during transmission, which consists of a String that is transmitted together with the data to be transferred and gives the receiver information about which transmitter this data is from come. Since this address is unique in a given system, it can be determined a time interval depending on this address the duration of the time interval for the individual transmitters can be unambiguous. This then also ensures that the corresponding shifts of the relative position of the starting times of the transmission of the respective transmitter comes.
  • the initialization of a further transmitter is first in one step 701 assign an address for the sender.
  • Step 702 then checks whether this address is unique in the given system, i.e. does not yet exist. Is if this is not the case, a new address is assigned in accordance with step 701.
  • a duration of the time interval is dependent on the address of the sender.
  • variable length can be added, which in turn is determined depending on the address.
  • this variable length can also depend on the length of the Transmission duration can be determined, so the relative shift of the starting times to be able to determine the transmission so that after simultaneous transmission The transmitters can be transmitted again as quickly as possible without interference. It has proven to be advantageous to determine the variable length by the average transmission time is multiplied by a certain factor. This The factor is advantageously in the order of 1 to 2.
  • steps 701 and 702 can also omitted. Then the address of the sender is fixed and the zeintinterval is determined immediately depending on this given address.
  • the exemplary embodiments shown and the method as a whole are suitable for both wireless and wired transmission.

Claims (19)

  1. Système avec un ou plusieurs émetteurs de même construction et un ou plusieurs récepteurs de même construction pour la transmission de données via une voie de transmission commune,
    avec lequel la transmission des données s'effectue par paquets, chaque émetteur peut émettre ses paquets de données selon des intervalles de temps caractéristiques pour lui et chaque récepteur peut recevoir les paquets de données d'un ou de plusieurs émetteurs,
    chaque émetteur et chaque récepteur comprend un circuit de commande avec un dispositif d'observation du temps, lequel à des fins d'économie d'énergie, n'active les émetteurs que pendant les temps d'émission respectifs et les récepteurs essentiellement pendant les temps d'émission d'un ou plusieurs émetteurs,
    et chaque émetteur présente une mémoire d'adresses dans laquelle il est possible d'enregistrer une adresse personnalisante, et chaque récepteur présente une mémoire d'adresses dans laquelle il est possible d'enregistrer les adresses des émetteurs,
       caractérisé en ce
    que chaque émetteur et chaque récepteur présente un dispositif d'actionnement (202; 204) pour l'initialisation (lors de laquelle les émetteurs sont affectés aux récepteurs), et en ce que lors de l'initialisation d'un nouvel émetteur (201, 501), un signal correspondant peut être émis par le récepteur (203, 502) si le code d'identification du nouvel émetteur (201, 501) coïncide avec un code d'identification déjà mémorisé dans le récepteur.
  2. Système selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que les intervalles de temps caractéristiques selon lesquels chacun des émetteurs envoie ses paquets de données peuvent être définis au moyen des circuits de commande.
  3. Système selon la revendication 2 caractérisé en ce que les intervalles de temps sont définissables en fonction de l'adresse de l'émetteur respectif.
  4. Système selon la revendication 1, 2 ou 3
    caractérisé en ce
    que peuvent se trouver dans les dispositifs d'observation du temps équipant les émetteurs et/ou récepteurs, des heures susceptibles d'être actualisées, tout au moins à intervalles, par un signal de temps recevable, et en ce que le début d'une transmission de paquets de données peut être respectivement déterminé comme une heure absolue en employant au moins un signal de temps reçu, l'atteinte respective de l'heure absolue du début d'une transmission d'un paquet de données étant détectable à l'aide de l'heure calculée par le dispositif d'observation du temps respectif.
  5. Système selon l'une des revendications précédentes
    caractérisé en ce
    qu'au cas où le récepteur (E) n'a pas pu plusieurs fois de suite recevoir de données de l'émetteur (S) qui lui est affecté, le circuit de commande du récepteur modifie la position relative du moment d'activation (21, 22, 23, 24, 25; 31, 32, 33, 34, 35) du récepteur (E) dans l'intervalle de temps défini au moyen des moments d'émission et calculé par le dispositif de mesure du temps du récepteur (E), jusqu'à ce que le récepteur soit de nouveau en mesure de recevoir des données de l'émetteur (S), et en ce que des moments d'activation futurs du récepteur (E) sont définis à partir de cet instant.
  6. Système selon la revendication 5 caractérisé en ce que la détermination de la position relative modifiée des moments d'activation (21, 22, 23, 24, 25) du récepteur (E) dans l'intervalle de temps (tl, t3) est effectuée de sorte que soit additionnée aux multiples entiers de la durée de l'intervalle de temps la somme de la durée de la transmission des données (t1, t2) et de l'avance dans le temps définie (t5, t1; t6, t3), somme multipliée avec un multiplicateur,
    ce dernier changeant à l'intérieur d'une plage de valeurs allant de 1 au chiffre naturel supérieur suivant qui découle de la division de l'intervalle de temps par la somme de l'avance dans le temps définie et de la durée de transmission,
    la modification du multiplicateur se poursuivant jusqu'à ce que l'émetteur (S) affecté au récepteur (E) soit à nouveau reçu par ce dernier (E),
    et en ce que les moments d'activations suivants du récepteur (E) sont à nouveau déterminés à partir de l'instant où l'émetteur affecté a été reçu, une activation du récepteur (E) s'effectuant alors par intervalles dans l'intervalle de temps (t1, t2) avec l'avance dans le temps définie (t5, t1; t6, t3).
  7. Système selon la revendication 5 ou 6 caractérisé en ce
    que la durée effective s'écoulant entre l'activation (401) d'au moins un récepteur (E) et le début de la transmission de données à partir d'au moins un émetteur est enregistrée (402, 403) par le circuit de commande d'au moins un récepteur (E),
    l'instant de la prochaine activation d'au moins un récepteur découlant d'une comparaison entre cette durée effective et l'avance dans le temps donnée (404).
  8. Système selon l'une des revendications précédentes 5 à 7
    caractérisé en ce
    que différentes adresses ne sont attribuées à différents émetteurs qu'au moment de l'initialisation du système et en ce que la longueur d'un intervalle de temps est déterminée (703) en fonction de l'adresse.
  9. Système selon la revendication 8
    caractérisé en ce
    que la détermination de la longueur de l'intervalle de temps est effectuée par addition à une longueur de base fixe d'une longueur variable déduite (703) de la longueur moyenne d'une paquet de données multipliée par une valeur d'adresse et le cas échéant, d'un autre facteur.
  10. Procédé pour l'initialisation d'un système, notamment selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, avec l'étape d'affectation d'au moins un émetteur (201, 501) à un récepteur (203, 502), le récepteur (203, 502) recevant et analysant en fonctionnement normal des données d'au moins un émetteur (201, 501) affecté à ce récepteur (203, 502), ce dernier (203, 502) détectant au moyen d'un code d'identification envoyé avec les données si celles-ci parviennent (101, 602) d'un émetteur
    affecté à cet émetteur, l'émetteur (201, 501) transmettant le code d'identification au récepteur (203, 502) dans un processus d'initialisation (102, 601) et ce code d'identification est mémorisé (106, 608) pendant le fonctionnement normal à des fins de reconnaissance de l'émetteur affecté au récepteur,
    caractérisé en ce
    que le récepteur (203, 502) mémorise également les codes d'identification des émetteurs (201, 501) qui ne sont pas affectés à ce récepteur (203, 502) et en ce que celui-ci (203, 502) émet un signal lorsque le code d'identification transmis par l'émetteur pendant le processus d'initialisation coïncide (105, 605) avec un code d'identification d'un émetteur (201, 501), enregistré dans le récepteur (203, 502).
  11. Procédé selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce
    que le récepteur (203, 502) ne mémorise que pendant le processus d'initialisation les codes d'identification reçus des émetteurs (201, 501) qui ne sont pas affectés à ce récepteur (203, 502) et qui ne participent pas au processus d'initialisation, et en ce que le récepteur (203, 502) émet un signal lorsque le code d'identification transmis par l'émetteur pendant le processus d'initialisation coïncide (105, 605) avec un code d'identification d'un émetteur (201, 501), enregistré dans le récepteur (203, 502).
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 10 ou 11,
    caractérisé en ce
    qu'au cas où le code d'identification de l'émetteur (201, 501) a été déjà enregistré par un autre récepteur (203, 502), cette information est transmise au récepteur (203, 502) pendant le processus d'initialisation et le code d'identification de l'émetteur (201, 501) est repris (301, 303) par le récepteur (203, 502) sans autre comparaison avec d'autres codes d'identification.
  13. Procédé selon la revendication 10, 11 ou 12
    caractérisé en ce
    que l'émetteur (201, 501) peut recevoir au moins pendant le processus d'initialisation un signal émis par le récepteur (203, 502) et ce que par l'intermédiaire de ce signal, le récepteur (203, 502) peut transmettre (403) un code d'identification à l'émetteur (201, 501).
  14. Procédé selon la revendication 10 ou 11
    caractérisé en ce
    que le signal est amené à l'émetteur qui exécute le processus d'initialisation et en ce que le code d'identification est modifié (505, 506) par l'émetteur suite à la réception du signal.
  15. Procédé selon la revendication 10 ou 11
    caractérisé en ce
    que le signal est annoncé (205) acoustiquement et/ou optiquement à l'utilisateur.
  16. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 10, 11, 13, 14 ou 15, caractérisé en ce
    qu'un récepteur ne participant pas au processus d'initialisation émet un signal lorsque le code d'identification de l'émetteur qui participe au processus d'initialisation coïncide (605) avec un code d'identification d'un émetteur, mémorisé dans ce récepteur.
  17. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 10 à 16
    caractérisé en ce qu'au moyen d'une fonction de remise à zéro qu'active l'utilisateur, il est possible d'effacer dans les récepteurs au moins quelques codes d'identification d'émetteurs qui sont affectés à un récepteur.
  18. Procédé selon la revendication 17 caractérisé en ce
    que l'opération d'effacement consiste à faire passer la mémorisation du code d'identification des émetteurs dans le récepteur, d'un état « affecté à ce récepteur » à un état « non affecté à ce récepteur ».
  19. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 10 à 18
    caractérisé en ce
    que les codes d'identification des émetteurs qui ne sont pas affectés à un récepteur donné sont mémorisés durablement dans le récepteur et effacés s'ils ne sont pas reçus par ce récepteur pendant un laps de temps prédéterminé.
EP97900979A 1996-01-12 1997-01-09 Systeme de transmission de donnees comprenant au moins un emetteur et au moins un recepteur, et procede d'initialisation de ce systeme et de synchronisation emetteur-recepteur Expired - Lifetime EP0871946B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19600922A DE19600922A1 (de) 1996-01-12 1996-01-12 Verfahren zur Synchronisation eines Senders und eines oder mehreren diesem Sender zugeordneten Empfängern
DE19600922 1996-01-12
DE1996110202 DE19610202C1 (de) 1996-03-15 1996-03-15 Verfahren zur Zuordnung eines Senders zu einem Empfänger
DE19610202 1996-03-15
PCT/EP1997/000068 WO1997025699A1 (fr) 1996-01-12 1997-01-09 Systeme de transmission de donnees comprenant au moins un emetteur et au moins un recepteur, et procede d'initialisation de ce systeme et de synchronisation emetteur-recepteur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0871946A1 EP0871946A1 (fr) 1998-10-21
EP0871946B1 true EP0871946B1 (fr) 2001-05-23

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EP (1) EP0871946B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE201521T1 (fr)
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WO (1) WO1997025699A1 (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0924886A1 (fr) * 1997-12-12 1999-06-23 Observatoire Cantonal De Neuchatel Procédé d'émission électromagnétique de données météorologiques codées et dispositif comprenant un récepteur électromagnétique pour recevoir ces données météorologiques codées
DE19905316A1 (de) * 1999-02-09 2000-08-10 Horst Ziegler Datenübertragungssystem, insbesondere zur Verbrauchsdatenerfassung
DE19959545A1 (de) * 1999-12-09 2001-06-21 Iar Systems Ag Funkstrecke und Verfahren zu deren Betrieb
DE10238692B4 (de) * 2002-08-20 2007-11-15 Ziegler, Horst, Prof. Dr. Verfahren zum unidirektionalen Übertragen von Meßdaten
DE102004043212A1 (de) * 2004-09-03 2006-03-09 Biotronik Vi Patent Ag Kommunikationsmodul und Verfahren zu dessen Betrieb

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4839645A (en) * 1987-08-06 1989-06-13 Lill Thomas M Weather data transmitting system
GB8820310D0 (en) * 1988-08-26 1988-09-28 Pico Electronics Remote control systems
FR2688914B1 (fr) * 1992-02-06 1994-09-23 Michel Leprieur Procede et transfert de mesure de temperature ou d'hygrometrie sans fil.
DE4235187A1 (de) * 1992-10-19 1994-04-21 Metrona Waermemesser Union Einrichtung zum Ablesen von Verbrauchswerten in einem Gebäude anfallender Verbrauchsmengen
DE4242231C3 (de) * 1992-12-15 1997-01-16 Diehl Gmbh & Co Fernsteuereinrichtung

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DE59703597D1 (de) 2001-06-28
EP0871946A1 (fr) 1998-10-21
WO1997025699A1 (fr) 1997-07-17
ATE201521T1 (de) 2001-06-15

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