EP0870581B1 - Band knife splitting machine - Google Patents

Band knife splitting machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0870581B1
EP0870581B1 EP98106027A EP98106027A EP0870581B1 EP 0870581 B1 EP0870581 B1 EP 0870581B1 EP 98106027 A EP98106027 A EP 98106027A EP 98106027 A EP98106027 A EP 98106027A EP 0870581 B1 EP0870581 B1 EP 0870581B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
machine according
gap
feed
transport
roll
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EP98106027A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0870581A3 (en
EP0870581A2 (en
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Rainer Dr. Dorstewitz
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D3/00—Cutting work characterised by the nature of the cut made; Apparatus therefor
    • B26D3/28—Splitting layers from work; Mutually separating layers by cutting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
    • C14B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OR PROCESSING OF SKINS, HIDES OR LEATHER IN GENERAL; PELT-SHEARING MACHINES; INTESTINE-SPLITTING MACHINES
    • C14B1/00—Manufacture of leather; Machines or devices therefor
    • C14B1/02—Fleshing, unhairing, samming, stretching-out, setting-out, shaving, splitting, or skiving skins, hides, or leather
    • C14B1/14—Fleshing, unhairing, samming, stretching-out, setting-out, shaving, splitting, or skiving skins, hides, or leather using tools cutting the skin in a plane substantially parallel to its surface
    • C14B1/18—Fleshing, unhairing, samming, stretching-out, setting-out, shaving, splitting, or skiving skins, hides, or leather using tools cutting the skin in a plane substantially parallel to its surface using band knives

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a band knife splitting machine, especially for splitting nakedness, with a feeding device upstream of the knife edge, the one Has feed gap, which is on one side in a head bridge stored driven feed roller is limited.
  • a band knife splitting machine is from DE 27 36 374 B2 known. With her, the feed gap is on the top by a powered gauge roller and on the underside delimited by links of a link roller, which of one with a rubber cover driven roller and a squeegee supported becomes. During splitting, the in its thickness different skin material through the individual links that are pressed into the rubber coating put pressure on one for splitting required transport is effected. About this transportation to improve on slippery skins Link rings with notches. In these notches however, skin material that is split off is often expressed one and is with the rotating link ring between this and the squeegee.
  • a band knife splitting machine is from GB-A-1 010 797 known.
  • the feed gap there is an upwardly open conveyor belt section upstream with a pressure roller.
  • the conveyor belts run down to the bottom the feed gap and therefore influence the gap accuracy.
  • the head bridge is only the feed gap integrated.
  • the invention has for its object the introduction of the bare before splitting and to improve the splitting accuracy in a band knife splitting machine.
  • the width of the feed gap and Transport gap is individually adjustable. To this Way, the feed gap width for optimal Gap accuracy and the transport gap width for one optimal transport can be selected.
  • the diameter of the Transport roller is larger than the diameter of the feed roller.
  • the throat of the feed gap can to improve the gap accuracy closer to the knife edge be arranged while the touch area the transport roller with the split material for improvement the transport performance is increased.
  • the diameter the transport roller is at least 50 mm to one to achieve a particularly good transport effect.
  • peripheral speed of feed roller and transport roller differently adjustable are. That way you can get the tension of the split material between the two columns, which in turn improves feed accuracy.
  • the peripheral speed of the transport roller is greater is that of the feed roller and that the feed roller is designed as an spreader roller.
  • the Fissured material is slightly compressed between the two columns and then using the spreader roll in the transverse direction spread out so that a largely flat Material is split.
  • the feed roller serves as a teaching roller. All drive means can be in the head bridge of the machine. An otherwise common rubber-covered drive roller in the Lower bed can be omitted. This reduces the Dimensions of the machine and there are many Provide adjustment options in the substructure.
  • Another preferred alternative is that the elastic abutment by elastic strips are formed, which are on a pressure-loaded base support.
  • a belt preferably passes through both gaps, that ends just before the knife edge.
  • This Belt forms a guide for the split material between the transport gap and feed nip.
  • the belt preferably has a low-friction surface. This can vary due to the material used or due to a coating, for example by polytetrafluoroethylene. Consequently the fissile material can be used without disturbing friction on the stationary belt can be transported.
  • This support can also be supplemented by that a stamp bar between the two abutments is arranged with which the belt can be pushed upwards is. In this way, thin and soft can be made Squeeze fissile material so far that when loosening the Stamp bar is carried on until the material is gripped by the feed roller.
  • a nozzle arrangement is provided at the entrance of the machine which is a lubricant between the belt and split material directs.
  • Water if appropriate, can be used as a lubricant with a glide additive.
  • the elastic abutment from a bending beam is carried, which is opposite one
  • the deflection of the lower bed is adjustable.
  • Man can the abutment with a corresponding bending line lend so that the fact is taken into account can that differ across the width of the split material Material thicknesses are available.
  • the elastic Lower bed with abutments relative to the substructure the machine around an axis near the feed gap is pivotable. This allows the width of the transport gap regardless of the width of the feed gap to adjust.
  • the substructure relative to the machine frame is pivotable about an axis that is at a distance from the feed gap beyond the knife edge below the fissure plane runs. With this measure you can both columns can be changed simultaneously. This is particularly necessary when thicker parts of the fissile material pass through the machine, which is the operator by lowering the substructure accordingly can take into account.
  • the substructure is pivotable by an actuator, which at Exceeding a preselectable force towards one The column enlarges.
  • an actuator which at Exceeding a preselectable force towards one The column enlarges.
  • the invention is based on one in the Drawing shown, preferred embodiment explained in more detail.
  • the only figure shows one schematic cross section through the work area of a Band knife splitting machine according to the invention.
  • the illustrated band knife splitting machine 1 has a band knife 3 provided with a knife edge 2 on that between two sets 4 and 5 perpendicular to Drawing plane revolves.
  • a knife gap 2 is preceded by a feed gap 6, the one on the top by a driven feed roller 7 and at the bottom by an elastic Abutment 8 is limited.
  • the feed gap 6 is a Transport gap 9 upstream, the top by a driven transport roller 10 and on the Underside limited by an elastic abutment 11 is.
  • the transport roller 10 has a profiled surface with one that supports the transport of the split material Profiling and a diameter of more than 50 mm, so that there is a proper transport of the split material in the direction of the knife edge 2 results.
  • the diameter the feed roller 7 is smaller. It can therefore arranged relatively close to the knife edge 2 without the cutting resistance due to a small distance between the feed roller 7 and the upper bandage 4 become too large.
  • the Feed roller 7 has spiral ribs on its surface on that trained in opposite directions from the center are, so that there is a spreading effect.
  • the Circumferential speed V1 of the transport roller 10 is greater than the peripheral speed V2 of the feed roller 7. This leads to a stowage of the split material between the transport gap 9 and the feed gap 6 and then for the lateral spreading of the jammed Material through the spiral ribs of the feed roller 7, so that the knife edge 2 a largely flat material is presented.
  • the two elastic abutments 8 and 11 are the same educated. They consist of an elastic Hose 12, which is provided with a textile fitting 13 and the cavity 14 is acted upon by adjustable pressure can be. Two edges 15 engage in it Hose material and ensure that the elastic Abutment held immobile in the direction of transport becomes.
  • the hose 12 can additionally by a piston-like Pad 16 illustrated in FIG Location is ineffective, be charged when in the interior 17 a pressure medium is filled in the direction of arrow 18 becomes.
  • a belt 19 which is one or more parts extends the entire width of the machine. He is with an insertion table 20 connected to the entrance of the machine and forms together with a guide wall 21 the two columns 6 and 9 a connecting gap 22nd
  • the belt 19 has a low-friction surface, in particular through a coating with polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon), so that the fissile can easily be over it slides.
  • Teflon polytetrafluoroethylene
  • the belt 19 ends with a step 23 immediately in front of the knife edge 2, which also allows one very thin skin area (thinner than the desired one Gap) to be pressed against the feed roller 7. So that is a so-called "falling in” of a thin part of the skin into the band knife 3, which in the worst case becomes one Hole in the scar gap, not possible.
  • a lubricant is applied via one or more nozzles 24, in the simplest case water, if necessary with a sliding additive, introduced under the underside of the skin.
  • the insertion table 20 is together with the belt 19 in Movable back and forth in the direction of arrow 27.
  • the insertion table 20 is against before inserting the split material the direction of transport and during insertion of the Fission goods moved in the direction of transport.
  • This pre and Backward movement can occur in short intervals of approx. 1 second performed several times during the splitting process become.
  • the driven feed roller 7 and the driven one Transport roller 10 are fixedly mounted in a head bridge 28, which are adjusted in the direction of arrow 29 can. This adjustment is used to shift the feed roller 7, which serves here as a gauge roller to measure the thickness of the scar gap.
  • the elastic abutments are supported by a bending beam 30 worn, which is part of a lower bed 31.
  • the Deflection of the bending beam 30 can be changed, for example by the ends of the bending beam 30 on the lower bed 31 held and the middle of the cantilever 30 is displaceable by means of an actuator 32 or by the middle of the bending beam 30 on the lower bed 31 held and the two ends are displaceable.
  • the slit shape can be taken into account change the thickness of the split material.
  • the lower bed 31 is in the immediate vicinity of the Feed gap 6 lying axis 33 of a substructure 34 swiveling with the help of an actuator 35.
  • the width of the transport gap 9 in relation to the width of the feed gap 6 to change. This enables particularly good adaptation the transport function and a precise consideration the gap width for the scar gap.
  • the substructure 34 is opposite the machine frame 36 about an axis 37 in preselectable positions swiveling below the cutting plane with considerable Distance from the feed gap 6 is arranged, namely with the help of an actuator 38.
  • Both columns 6 and 9 can be opened at the same time become. This can be done arbitrarily or if too thick splinters accidentally run in, even under Overcoming a preselectable force in the actuator 38 acts.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For And Details Of Packaging Control (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Structure Of Belt Conveyors (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Bandmesserspaltmaschine, insbesondere zum Spalten von Blößen, mit einer der Messerschneide vorgeschalteten Zuführeinrichtung, die einen Zuführspalt aufweist, der einseitig durch eine in eines Kopfbrücke gelagerte angetrieben Zuführwalze begrenzt ist.The invention relates to a band knife splitting machine, especially for splitting nakedness, with a feeding device upstream of the knife edge, the one Has feed gap, which is on one side in a head bridge stored driven feed roller is limited.

Beim Spalten von Tierhäuten, wie Rindshäuten, weist das zu spaltende Blößenmaterial über seine Breite unterschiedliche Dicke auf. Es besteht aus der abgewickelten Außenhaut eines Körpers, die sich nicht ohne innere Verspannung oder Faltenbildung in eine Ebene bringen läßt. Die heute üblichen Äschermethoden liefern Blößen, deren Oberflächen mit gelöster Eiweißsubstanz beladen sind. Dieser "Schmierfilm" erschwert den Transport der Blöße durch die Spaltmaschine. Die heute üblichen Äschermethoden quellen das Hautmaterial nur wenig auf. Es wird somit nicht prall, sondern bleibt schlaff. Die fehlende Eigensteifigkeit der Blöße erschwert das Manipulieren der Haut beim Einführen in die Spaltmaschine. Die heute üblichen Äschermethoden quellen die lose strukturierten Bereiche der Haut, z.B. die Flämen (Achselhöhlen), so wenig auf, daß, wenn für Schuhoberleder gespalten wird, die Dicke einer dünnen Haut an diesen Stellen die gewünschte Spaltstärke gerade erreichen oder sogar unterschreiten kann.When splitting animal skins, such as cattle hides, this shows pelt material to be split varies across its width Thickness up. It consists of the unwound Outer skin of a body that is not without inner Bring tension or wrinkling into one level leaves. The liming methods common today provide nakedness, load their surfaces with dissolved protein substance are. This "lubricating film" makes it difficult to transport the Bare through the splitting machine. The usual today Liming methods swell the skin material only slightly. It does not become bulky, but remains limp. The lack of rigidity of the nakedness makes manipulation difficult the skin when inserted into the splitting machine. The current liming methods swell loose structured areas of the skin, e.g. the flames (armpits), so little on that when for upper leather is split, the thickness of a thin skin on this Make the desired gap thickness straight or even fall short.

Eine Bandmesserspaltmaschine ist aus DE 27 36 374 B2 bekannt. Bei ihr wird der Zuführspalt an der Oberseite durch eine angetriebene Lehrwalze und an der Unterseite durch Glieder einer Gliederwalze begrenzt, welche von einer mit einem Gummiüberzug versehenen angetriebenen Walze und einer Abstreifleiste abgestützt wird. Während des Spaltens wird auf das in seiner Dicke unterschiedliche Hautmaterial durch die einzelnen, sich in den Gummiüberzug eindrückenden Glieder ein Druck ausgeübt, mit dem ein für das Spalten erforderlicher Transport bewirkt wird. Um diesen Transport bei glitschigen Häuten zu verbessern, sind die Gliederringe mit Kerben versehen. In diese Kerben drückt sich jedoch häufig abgespaltenes Hautmaterial ein und wird mit dem drehenden Gliederring zwischen diesem und der Abstreifleiste eingezogen. Dies führt einerseits zu Verklemmungen der Gliederringe zwischen Abstreifleiste und Tischkante und andererseits zu einer Lageveränderung der Gliederringe, wodurch der Abstand zum Bandmesser größer wird. Hierdurch kommt es zu einer deutlichen Verschlechterung der Spaltgenauigkeit. Außerdem bleibt gelegentlich, von dem eingezogenen Hautmaterial festgehalten, der ganze Unterspalt in der Maschine hängen. Weitere Schwierigkeiten treten auf, wenn die zu spaltende Haut zu dünn ist. Denn der Zuführspalt vor dem umlaufenden Bandmesser kann nicht eng genug gestellt werden, um das Hautmaterial ausreichend zu führen. Häufig werden Löcher in das Spaltgut geschnitten. A band knife splitting machine is from DE 27 36 374 B2 known. With her, the feed gap is on the top by a powered gauge roller and on the underside delimited by links of a link roller, which of one with a rubber cover driven roller and a squeegee supported becomes. During splitting, the in its thickness different skin material through the individual links that are pressed into the rubber coating put pressure on one for splitting required transport is effected. About this transportation to improve on slippery skins Link rings with notches. In these notches however, skin material that is split off is often expressed one and is with the rotating link ring between this and the squeegee. this leads to on the one hand to jamming the link rings between Squeegee and table edge and on the other hand to one Change in position of the link rings, increasing the distance becomes a band knife. This leads to a significant deterioration in splitting accuracy. Moreover occasionally remains from the retracted skin material held on, the whole lower gap in the machine hang. Other difficulties arise when the skin to be split is too thin. Because the feed gap in front of the revolving band knife can not be tight enough be provided to the skin material sufficient to lead. Holes are often cut into the fission material.

Eine gemäß des Oberbegriffes des Anspruchs Bandmesserspaltmaschine ist aus GB-A-1 010 797 bekannt. Bei ihr ist dem Zuführspalt ein nach oben offener Transportbänderabschnitt mit einem Druckroller vorgeschaltet. Die Transportbänder führen Blößen bis unten dem Zuführspalt und nehmen daher Einfluß auf die Spaltgenauigkeit. In der Kopfbrücke ist nur der Zuführspalt integriert.A band knife splitting machine according to the preamble of the claim is from GB-A-1 010 797 known. In the feed gap there is an upwardly open conveyor belt section upstream with a pressure roller. The conveyor belts run down to the bottom the feed gap and therefore influence the gap accuracy. In the head bridge is only the feed gap integrated.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Einbringung der Blößen vor dem Spalten und der Spaltgenauigkeit in einer Bandmesserspaltmaschine zu verbessern.The invention has for its object the introduction of the bare before splitting and to improve the splitting accuracy in a band knife splitting machine.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindunggemäß dadurch gelöst, daß dem Zuführspalt ein Transportspalt vorgeschaltet ist, der einseitig durch eine angetriebene, in der Kopfbrücke gelagerte Transportwalze begrenzt ist.This object is achieved according to the invention in that the feed gap Transport gap is connected upstream, which is driven on one side by a head bridge stored transport roller is limited.

Bisher mußte man einen unbefriedigenden Kompromiß eingehen. Will man den Transport verbessern und möglichst auch auf eine Kerbung der Gliederwalze verzichten, muß der Durchmesser von Lehr- und Gliederwalze zwecks Vergrößerung der Kontaktfläche mit dem Spaltgut erhöht werden. Will man die Spaltgenauigkeit verbessern und dies insbesondere auch an den dünnen Stellen der Haut, muß man die Durchmesser der Lehr- und Gliederwalzen verkleinern, damit die Engstelle des Zuführspalts näher an der Messerschneide zu liegen kommt und dadurch die Führung unmittelbar vor dem Spaltvorgang verbessert wird.So far, an unsatisfactory compromise has had to be made. If you want to improve the transport and if possible also have to do without notching the link roller the diameter of the master and link roller for enlargement the contact area with the fission material increased become. Do you want to improve the gap accuracy and this especially in the thin areas of the skin, you have the diameter of the gauge and link rollers reduce in size so that the narrowing of the feed gap is closer comes to rest on the knife edge and thereby the Leadership improved immediately before the splitting process becomes.

Erfindungsgemäß werden dagegen die Funktionen des Transports und des exakten Zuführens auf zwei hintereinandergeschaltete Spalte, nämlich einen Transportspalt und einen Zuführspalt, aufgeteilt. Man kann nunmehr zahlreiche Parameter für jeden der beiden Spalte so wählen, daß sich optimale Transportverhältnisse und optimale Spaltgenauigkeiten ergeben. Zu diesen Parametern gehören insbesondere die Spaltweite, die Durchmesser von Zuführwalze und Transportwalze sowie die Umfangsgeschwindigkeiten der beiden Walzen. Insgesamt kann der Vorschub mit ungeteilten Walzen bewirkt werden und ein exaktes Spalten auch bei dünner Haut erfolgen. In contrast, the functions of the Transport and exact feeding on two series connected Column, namely a transport gap and a feed nip. One can now numerous parameters for each of the two columns choose so that there are optimal transport conditions and result in optimal splitting accuracy. About these parameters include in particular the gap width, the diameter of feed roller and transport roller as well as the peripheral speeds of the two rollers. All in all the feed can be effected with undivided rollers and there is an exact split even with thin skin.

Günstig ist es, daß die Weite von Zuführspalt und Transportspalt je für sich einstellbar ist. Auf diese Weise kann die Zuführspaltweite für eine optimale Spaltgenauigkeit und die Transportspaltweite für einen optimalen Transport gewählt werden.It is favorable that the width of the feed gap and Transport gap is individually adjustable. To this Way, the feed gap width for optimal Gap accuracy and the transport gap width for one optimal transport can be selected.

Empfehlenswert ist es ferner, daß der Durchmesser der Transportwalze größer ist als der Durchmesser der Zuführwalze. Hierbei kann die Engstelle des Zuführspalts zur Verbesserung der Spaltgenauigkeit näher an der Messerschneide angeordnet werden, während die Berührungsfläche der Transportwalze mit dem Spaltgut zur Verbesserung der Transportleistung vergrößert wird.It is also recommended that the diameter of the Transport roller is larger than the diameter of the feed roller. Here, the throat of the feed gap can to improve the gap accuracy closer to the knife edge be arranged while the touch area the transport roller with the split material for improvement the transport performance is increased.

Insbesondere ist es empfehlenswert, daß der Durchmesser der Transportwalze mindestens 50 mm beträgt, um eine besonders gute Transportwirkung zu erreichen.In particular, it is recommended that the diameter the transport roller is at least 50 mm to one to achieve a particularly good transport effect.

Von Vorteil ist es auch, daß die Umfangsgeschwindigkeit von Zuführwalze und Transportwalze unterschiedlich einstellbar sind. Auf diese Weise kann man die Spannung des Spaltguts zwischen den beiden Spalten beeinflussen, wodurch wiederum die Zuführgenauigkeit verbessert wird.It is also advantageous that the peripheral speed of feed roller and transport roller differently adjustable are. That way you can get the tension of the split material between the two columns, which in turn improves feed accuracy.

Besonders gute Ergebnisse lassen sich dadurch erzielen, daß die Umfangsgeschwindigkeit der Transportwalze größer ist als diejenige der Zuführwalze und daß die Zuführwalze als Breitstreckwalze ausgelegt ist. Das Spaltgut wird zwischen den beiden Spalten etwas gestaucht und dann mittels der Breitstreckwalze in Querrichtung ausgebreitet, so daß ein weitgehend ebenes Material gespalten wird.Particularly good results can be achieved that the peripheral speed of the transport roller is greater is that of the feed roller and that the feed roller is designed as an spreader roller. The Fissured material is slightly compressed between the two columns and then using the spreader roll in the transverse direction spread out so that a largely flat Material is split.

Es empfiehlt sich, daß elastische Widerlager, die in Transportrichtung unbeweglich sind, den Zuführspalt auf der der Zuführwalze gegenüberliegenden Seite und den Transportspalt auf der der Transportwalze gegenüberliegenden Seite begrenzen. Aufgrund der Unbeweglichkeit in Transportrichtung ergeben sich konstante Vorschubverhältnisse, was wiederum die Spaltgenauigkeit verbessert.It is recommended that elastic abutments in Transport direction are immobile, the feed gap the side opposite the feed roller and the Transport nip on the opposite of the transport roller Limit page. Because of the immobility in Direction of transport results in constant feed conditions, which in turn improves the splitting accuracy.

Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist dafür gesorgt, daß sowohl die Zuführwalze den Zuführspalt als auch die Transportwalze den Transportspalt an der Oberseite begrenzt und daß die Unterseite der beiden Spalte durch elastische Widerlager gebildet wird. Hierbei dient die Zuführwalze als Lehrwalze. Alle Antriebsmittel können sich in der Kopfbrücke der Maschine befinden. Eine sonst übliche gummibezogene Antriebswalze im Unterbett kann entfallen. Hierdurch verringern sich die Abmessungen der Maschine und es lassen sich vielerlei Verstellmöglichkeiten in der Unterkonstruktion vorsehen.In a preferred embodiment, it is ensured that that both the feed roller the feed nip as also the transport roller the transport nip on the top limited and that the bottom of the two columns is formed by elastic abutments. Here the feed roller serves as a teaching roller. All drive means can be in the head bridge of the machine. An otherwise common rubber-covered drive roller in the Lower bed can be omitted. This reduces the Dimensions of the machine and there are many Provide adjustment options in the substructure.

Empfehlenswert ist es, daß die elastischen Widerlager durch elastische textilarmierte Schläuche mit einstellbarem Innendruck gebildet sind. Die Steifigkeit wird daher pneumatisch oder hydraulisch vorgegeben.It is recommended that the elastic abutment thanks to elastic, textile-reinforced hoses with adjustable Internal pressure are formed. The rigidity will therefore specified pneumatically or hydraulically.

Eine ebenfalls bevorzugte Alternative besteht darin, daß die elastischen Widerlager durch elastische Leisten gebildet sind, die sich auf einer druckbelasteten Unterlage abstützen.Another preferred alternative is that the elastic abutment by elastic strips are formed, which are on a pressure-loaded base support.

Vorzugsweise sind beide Spalte von einem Gurt durchsetzt, der kurz vor der Messerschneide endet. Dieser Gurt bildet eine Führung des Spaltgutes zwischen Transportspalt und Zuführspalt. Außerdem läßt sich das freie Ende ganz nahe an die Messerschneide heranführen, so daß auch sehr dünne Spaltgutbereiche sauber gespalten werden. A belt preferably passes through both gaps, that ends just before the knife edge. This Belt forms a guide for the split material between the transport gap and feed nip. In addition, the free Bring the end very close to the knife edge, see above that even very thin areas of fissile material are neatly split become.

Vorzugsweise besitzt der Gurt eine reibungsarme Oberfläche. Diese kann sich aufgrund des verwendeten Materials oder aufgrund einer Beschichtung, beispielsweise durch Polytetrafluorethylen, ergeben. Infolgedessen kann das Spaltgut ohne störende Reibung auf dem im Betrieb stillstehenden Gurt transportiert werden.The belt preferably has a low-friction surface. This can vary due to the material used or due to a coating, for example by polytetrafluoroethylene. Consequently the fissile material can be used without disturbing friction on the stationary belt can be transported.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist dafür gesorgt, daß der Gurt mit einem Einführtisch am Eingang der Maschine verbunden und zusammen mit diesem in Transportrichtung hin und her bewegbar ist. Durch diese Hin- und Herbewegung wird das Einführen des Spaltguts in die Maschine unterstützt.In a further embodiment of the invention, that the belt with an insertion table at the entrance connected to the machine and together with this Transport direction is movable back and forth. Through this The reciprocating movement becomes the introduction of the split material supported in the machine.

Diese Unterstützung kann auch dadurch ergänzt werden, daß zwischen den beiden Widerlagern eine Stempelleiste angeordnet ist, mit der der Gurt nach oben drückbar ist. Auf diese Weise läßt sich auch dünnes und weiches Spaltmaterial so weit stauchen, daß beim Lösen der Stempelleiste ein Weitertransport erfolgt, bis das Material von der Zuführwalze ergriffen wird.This support can also be supplemented by that a stamp bar between the two abutments is arranged with which the belt can be pushed upwards is. In this way, thin and soft can be made Squeeze fissile material so far that when loosening the Stamp bar is carried on until the material is gripped by the feed roller.

Eine weitere Verbesserungsmöglichkeit besteht darin, daß am Eingang der Maschine eine Düsenanordnung vorgesehen ist, die ein Gleitmittel zwischen Gurt und Spaltgut leitet. Als Gleitmittel kann Wasser, gegebenenfalls mit einem Gleitzusatz, verwendet werden.Another possibility for improvement is that a nozzle arrangement is provided at the entrance of the machine which is a lubricant between the belt and split material directs. Water, if appropriate, can be used as a lubricant with a glide additive.

Außerdem ist es günstig, daß sich zwischen Transportspalt und Zuführspalt ein Verbindungsspalt erstreckt, der unten durch den Gurt und oben durch eine Führungswand begrenzt ist. Das Spaltgut wird daher - unbehindert von den zwischen den Walzen gebildeten Freiräumen - zwischen Transportspalt und Zuführspalt geführt. It is also favorable that there is between the transport gap and feed gap extends a connecting gap, the bottom through the belt and the top through a guide wall is limited. The split material is therefore - unhindered of the free spaces formed between the rollers - Run between the transport gap and the feed gap.

Vorzugsweise ist eine die beiden Walzen tragende Kopfbrücke höhenverstellbar. Auf diese Weise kann die Dicke des Narbenspalts eingestellt werden.Preferably is a head bridge carrying the two rollers height adjustable. This way the thickness of the scar gap.

Günstig ist es auch, daß die elastischen Widerlager von einem Biegebalken getragen sind, der gegenüber einem Unterbett in seiner Durchbiegung verstellbar ist. Man kann damit dem Widerlager eine entsprechende Biegelinie verleihen, so daß der Tatsache Rechnung getragen werden kann, daß über die Breite des Spaltguts unterschiedliche Materialdicken vorhanden sind.It is also favorable that the elastic abutment from a bending beam is carried, which is opposite one The deflection of the lower bed is adjustable. Man can the abutment with a corresponding bending line lend so that the fact is taken into account can that differ across the width of the split material Material thicknesses are available.

Von besonderem Vorteil ist es, daß ein die elastischen Widerlager aufweisendes Unterbett relativ zur Unterkonstruktion der Maschine um eine Achse nahe des Zuführspalts schwenkbar ist. Hierdurch läßt sich die Weite des Transportspalts unabhängig von der Weite des Zuführspalts einstellen.It is particularly advantageous that the elastic Lower bed with abutments relative to the substructure the machine around an axis near the feed gap is pivotable. This allows the width of the transport gap regardless of the width of the feed gap to adjust.

Eine weitere Verstellmöglichkeit besteht vorzugsweise darin, daß die Unterkonstruktion relativ zum Maschinengestell um eine Achse schwenkbar ist, die mit Abstand vom Zuführspalt jenseits der Messerschneide unterhalb der Spaltebene verläuft. Mit dieser Maßnahme können gleichzeitig beide Spalte verändert werden. Dies ist insbesondere notwendig, wenn dickere Partien des Spaltguts durch die Maschine hindurchtreten, was die Bedienungsperson durch ein entsprechendes Absenken der Unterkonstruktion berücksichtigen kann.There is preferably another adjustment option in that the substructure relative to the machine frame is pivotable about an axis that is at a distance from the feed gap beyond the knife edge below the fissure plane runs. With this measure you can both columns can be changed simultaneously. This is particularly necessary when thicker parts of the fissile material pass through the machine, which is the operator by lowering the substructure accordingly can take into account.

Darüber hinaus ist es günstig, daß die Unterkonstruktion durch ein Stellglied verschwenkbar ist, das bei Überschreiten einer vorwählbaren Kraft in Richtung einer Vergrößerung der Spalte nachgibt. Hiermit werden Schäden vermieden, die beim Durchtritt zu dicker Spaltmaterialien auftreten würden, wenn die Bedienungsperson das Absenken vergißt. In addition, it is favorable that the substructure is pivotable by an actuator, which at Exceeding a preselectable force towards one The column enlarges. Hereby Damage avoided when passing through thick fissile materials would occur if the operator forget the lowering.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten, bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. Die einzige Figur zeigt einen schematischen Querschnitt durch den Arbeitsbereich einer erfindungsgemäßen Bandmesserspaltmaschine.The invention is based on one in the Drawing shown, preferred embodiment explained in more detail. The only figure shows one schematic cross section through the work area of a Band knife splitting machine according to the invention.

Die veranschaulichte Bandmesserspaltmaschine 1 weist ein mit einer Messerschneide 2 versehenes Bandmesser 3 auf, das zwischen zwei Garnituren 4 und 5 senkrecht zur Zeichenebene umläuft.The illustrated band knife splitting machine 1 has a band knife 3 provided with a knife edge 2 on that between two sets 4 and 5 perpendicular to Drawing plane revolves.

Der Messerschneide 2 ist ein Zuführspalt 6 vorgeschaltet, der an der Oberseite durch eine angetriebene Zuführwalze 7 und an der Unterseite durch ein elastisches Widerlager 8 begrenzt ist. Dem Zuführspalt 6 ist ein Transportspalt 9 vorgeschaltet, der an der Oberseite durch eine angetriebene Transportwalze 10 und an der Unterseite durch ein elastisches Widerlager 11 begrenzt ist.A knife gap 2 is preceded by a feed gap 6, the one on the top by a driven feed roller 7 and at the bottom by an elastic Abutment 8 is limited. The feed gap 6 is a Transport gap 9 upstream, the top by a driven transport roller 10 and on the Underside limited by an elastic abutment 11 is.

Die Transportwalze 10 hat eine profilierte Oberfläche mit einer den Transport des Spaltguts unterstützenden Profilierung und einen Durchmesser von mehr als 50 mm, so daß sich ein einwandfreier Transport des Spaltguts in Richtung auf die Messerschneide 2 ergibt. Der Durchmesser der Zuführwalze 7 ist kleiner. Sie kann daher relativ dicht neben der Messerschneide 2 angeordnet werden, ohne daß die Schnittwiderstände wegen eines zu geringen Abstandes zwischen der Zuführwalze 7 und der oberen Bandage 4 zu groß werden. Außerdem weist die Zuführwalze 7 an ihrer Oberfläche spiralförmige Rippen auf, die von der Mitte aus gegenläufig ausgebildet sind, so daß sich eine Breitstreckwirkung ergibt. Die Umfangsgeschwindigkeit V1 der Transportwalze 10 ist größer als die Umfangsgeschwindigkeit V2 der Zuführwalze 7. Dies führt zu einer Stauung des Spaltguts zwischen dem Transportspalt 9 und dem Zuführspalt 6 und anschließend zur seitlichen Ausbreitung des gestauten Materials durch die spiralförmigen Rippen der Zuführwalze 7, so daß der Messerschneide 2 ein weitgehend ebenes Material vorgelegt wird.The transport roller 10 has a profiled surface with one that supports the transport of the split material Profiling and a diameter of more than 50 mm, so that there is a proper transport of the split material in the direction of the knife edge 2 results. The diameter the feed roller 7 is smaller. It can therefore arranged relatively close to the knife edge 2 without the cutting resistance due to a small distance between the feed roller 7 and the upper bandage 4 become too large. In addition, the Feed roller 7 has spiral ribs on its surface on that trained in opposite directions from the center are, so that there is a spreading effect. The Circumferential speed V1 of the transport roller 10 is greater than the peripheral speed V2 of the feed roller 7. This leads to a stowage of the split material between the transport gap 9 and the feed gap 6 and then for the lateral spreading of the jammed Material through the spiral ribs of the feed roller 7, so that the knife edge 2 a largely flat material is presented.

Die beiden elastischen Widerlager 8 und 11 sind gleich ausgebildet. Sie bestehen aus einem elastischen Schlauch 12, der mit einer Textilarmatur 13 versehen ist und dessen Hohlraum 14 mit einstellbarem Druck beaufschlagt werden kann. Zwei Kanten 15 greifen in das Schlauchmaterial und sorgen dafür, daß das elastische Widerlager in Transportrichtung unbeweglich gehalten wird. Der Schlauch 12 kann zusätzlich durch eine kolbenartige Unterlage 16, die in der veranschaulichten Lage unwirksam ist, belastet werden, wenn in den Innenraum 17 ein Druckmittel in Richtung des Pfeiles 18 eingefüllt wird.The two elastic abutments 8 and 11 are the same educated. They consist of an elastic Hose 12, which is provided with a textile fitting 13 and the cavity 14 is acted upon by adjustable pressure can be. Two edges 15 engage in it Hose material and ensure that the elastic Abutment held immobile in the direction of transport becomes. The hose 12 can additionally by a piston-like Pad 16 illustrated in FIG Location is ineffective, be charged when in the interior 17 a pressure medium is filled in the direction of arrow 18 becomes.

Durch den Zuführspalt 6 und den Transportspalt 9 verläuft ein Gurt 19, der sich ein- oder mehrteilig über die gesamte Breite der Maschine erstreckt. Er ist mit einem Einführtisch 20 am Eingang der Maschine verbunden und bildet zusammen mit einer Führungswand 21 zwischen den beiden Spalten 6 und 9 einen Verbindungsspalt 22. Der Gurt 19 besitzt eine reibungsarme Oberfläche, insbesondere durch eine Beschichtung mit Polytetrafluorethylen (Teflon), so daß das Spaltgut problemlos darüber gleitet. Der Gurt 19 endet mit einer Stufe 23 unmittelbar vor der Messerschneide 2, was es erlaubt, auch einen sehr dünnen Hautbereich (dünner als das gewünschte Spaltmaß) gegen die Zuführwalze 7 zu drücken. Damit ist ein sogenanntes "Hereinfallen" eines dünnen Hautteils in das Bandmesser 3, was im schlimmsten Fall zu einem Loch im Narbenspalt führen kann, nicht möglich. Runs through the feed gap 6 and the transport gap 9 a belt 19 which is one or more parts extends the entire width of the machine. He is with an insertion table 20 connected to the entrance of the machine and forms together with a guide wall 21 the two columns 6 and 9 a connecting gap 22nd The belt 19 has a low-friction surface, in particular through a coating with polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon), so that the fissile can easily be over it slides. The belt 19 ends with a step 23 immediately in front of the knife edge 2, which also allows one very thin skin area (thinner than the desired one Gap) to be pressed against the feed roller 7. So that is a so-called "falling in" of a thin part of the skin into the band knife 3, which in the worst case becomes one Hole in the scar gap, not possible.

Um die Reibungswiderstände zwischen dem Spaltgut und der Oberfläche des Widerlagers bzw. des Gurtes zu reduzieren, wird über eine oder mehrere Düsen 24 ein Gleitmittel, im einfachsten Fall Wasser, gegebenenfalls mit einem Gleitzusatz, unter die Unterseite der Haut eingeleitet.To the frictional resistance between the fissile and to reduce the surface of the abutment or the belt, a lubricant is applied via one or more nozzles 24, in the simplest case water, if necessary with a sliding additive, introduced under the underside of the skin.

Eine Stempelleiste 25, die durch einen Stellkolben 26 betätigbar ist, kann willkürlich nach oben gedrückt werden, beispielsweise wenn beim Einführen einer Blöße das Spaltmaterial kurzzeitig gestaut werden soll, damit die Transportwirkung der Transportwalze 10 erhöht wird.A stamp bar 25, which by an actuating piston 26th can be actuated, can be arbitrarily pushed upwards for example when inserting a nakedness the fissile material should be briefly jammed so that the transport effect of the transport roller 10 is increased.

Der Einführtisch 20 ist zusammen mit dem Gurt 19 in Richtung des Pfeils 27 hin und her bewegbar. Der Einführtisch 20 wird vor dem Einführen des Spaltguts gegen die Transportrichtung und während des Einführens des Spaltguts in Transportrichtung bewegt. Diese Vor- und Zurückbewegung kann in kurzen Abständen von ca. 1 Sekunde mehrfach während der Spaltguteinführung durchgeführt werden. Hiermit gelingt es auch unter schwierigen Umständen, das von der Transportwalze 10 in den Verbindungsspalt 22 geförderte Material bis in den Zuführspalt vorzuschieben, wo das Material von der Zuführwalze 7 mitgenommen und gegen die Messerschneide 2 gedrückt wird.The insertion table 20 is together with the belt 19 in Movable back and forth in the direction of arrow 27. The insertion table 20 is against before inserting the split material the direction of transport and during insertion of the Fission goods moved in the direction of transport. This pre and Backward movement can occur in short intervals of approx. 1 second performed several times during the splitting process become. Hereby it succeeds even under difficult ones Circumstances from the transport roller 10 in the connection gap 22 conveyed material into the feed gap advance where the material is from the feed roller 7 taken and pressed against the knife edge 2 becomes.

Die angetriebene Zuführwalze 7 und die angetriebene Transportwalze 10 sind fest in einer Kopfbrücke 28 gelagert, die in Richtung des Pfeils 29 verstellt werden kann. Diese Verstellung dient der Verlagerung der Zuführwalze 7, die hier als Lehrwalze dient, um die Dicke des Narbenspaltes festzulegen. The driven feed roller 7 and the driven one Transport roller 10 are fixedly mounted in a head bridge 28, which are adjusted in the direction of arrow 29 can. This adjustment is used to shift the feed roller 7, which serves here as a gauge roller to measure the thickness of the scar gap.

Die elastischen Widerlager werden von einem Biegebalken 30 getragen, der Teil eines Unterbetts 31 ist. Die Durchbiegung des Biegebalkens 30 ist änderbar, beispielsweise indem die Enden des Biegebalkens 30 am Unterbett 31 festgehalten und die Mitte des Biegebalkens 30 mittels eines Stellgliedes 32 verlagerbar ist oder indem die Mitte des Biegebalkens 30 am Unterbett 31 festgehalten und die beiden Enden verlagerbar sind. Auf diese Weise läßt sich die Spaltform zur Berücksichtigung unterschiedlicher Dicken des Spaltgutes verändern.The elastic abutments are supported by a bending beam 30 worn, which is part of a lower bed 31. The Deflection of the bending beam 30 can be changed, for example by the ends of the bending beam 30 on the lower bed 31 held and the middle of the cantilever 30 is displaceable by means of an actuator 32 or by the middle of the bending beam 30 on the lower bed 31 held and the two ends are displaceable. On in this way the slit shape can be taken into account change the thickness of the split material.

Das Unterbett 31 ist um eine in unmittelbarer Nähe des Zuführspaltes 6 liegende Achse 33 einer Unterkonstruktion 34 schwenkbar und zwar mit Hilfe eines Stellgliedes 35. Auf diese Weise läßt sich die Weite des Transportspalts 9 gegenüber der Weite des Zuführspalts 6 ändern. Dies ermöglicht eine besonders gute Anpassung der Transportfunktion und eine genaue Berücksichtigung der Spaltweite für den Narbenspalt.The lower bed 31 is in the immediate vicinity of the Feed gap 6 lying axis 33 of a substructure 34 swiveling with the help of an actuator 35. In this way, the width of the transport gap 9 in relation to the width of the feed gap 6 to change. This enables particularly good adaptation the transport function and a precise consideration the gap width for the scar gap.

Die Unterkonstruktion 34 ist gegenüber dem Maschinengestell 36 um eine Achse 37 in vorwählbaren Stellungen schwenkbar, die unterhalb der Schneidebene mit erheblichem Abstand vom Zuführspalt 6 angeordnet ist, und zwar mit Hilfe eines Stellgliedes 38. Mit dieser Konstruktion können beide Spalte 6 und 9 gleichzeitig geöffnet werden. Dies kann willkürlich erfolgen oder, wenn zu dickes Spaltgut versehentlich einläuft, auch unter Überwindung einer vorwählbaren Kraft, die im Stellglied 38 wirkt.The substructure 34 is opposite the machine frame 36 about an axis 37 in preselectable positions swiveling below the cutting plane with considerable Distance from the feed gap 6 is arranged, namely with the help of an actuator 38. With this construction Both columns 6 and 9 can be opened at the same time become. This can be done arbitrarily or if too thick splinters accidentally run in, even under Overcoming a preselectable force in the actuator 38 acts.

Claims (21)

  1. Bandknife splitting machine, in particular for splitting pelts, comprising a feed unit arranged upstream of the cutting edge (2) of the knife and having a feed gap (6) delimited on one side by a driven feed roll (7) supported in a top bridge (28), characterised in that a transport gap (9) is arranged upstream of the feed gap (6) and is delimited on one side by a driven transport roll (10) supported in the top bridge (28).
  2. Machine according to claim 1, characterised in that the widths of the feed gap (6) and of the transport gap (9) are each adjustable individually.
  3. Machine according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that the diameter of the transport roll (10) is larger than the diameter of the feed roll (7).
  4. Machine according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the diameter of the transport roll (10) is at least 50 mm.
  5. Machine according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the circumferential speeds of the feed roll (7) and of the transport roll (10) can be adjusted differently.
  6. Machine according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the circumferential speed of the transport roll (10) is higher than that of the feed roll (7) and that the feed roll (7) is designed as an expander roll.
  7. Machine according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that flexible supports (8, 11) fixed in the direction of transport delimit the feed gap (6) on the side opposite the feed roll (7) and delimit the transport gap (9) on the side opposite the transport roll (10).
  8. Machine according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the feed roll (7) delimits the feed gap (6) and the transport roll (10) delimits the transport gap (9) at the top and that the undersides of the two gaps (6, 9) are formed by flexible supports (8, 11).
  9. Machine according to one of claims 7 to 8, characterised in that the flexible supports (8, 11) are formed by flexible textile-reinforced hoses (12) with adjustable internal pressure.
  10. Machine according to one- of claims 7 to 9, characterised in that the flexible supports (8, 11) are formed by flexible strips (12) supported on a base (30) under compressive stress.
  11. Machine according to one of claims 7 to 10, characterised in that both gaps (6, 9) are traversed by a belt (19) ending just in front of the cutting edge (2) of the knife.
  12. Machine according to claim 11, characterised in that the belt (19) has a low-friction surface.
  13. Machine according to claim 11 or claim 12, characterised in that the belt (19) is connected to a feed board (20) at the input end of the machine (1) and can be moved to and fro in the direction of transport together therewith.
  14. Machine according to one of claims 11 to 13, characterised in that a die strip (25) by means of which the belt (19) can be pressed upwards is arranged between the two supports (8, 11).
  15. Machine according to one of claims 11 to 14, characterised in that a nozzle arrangement (24) which guides a lubricant between the belt (19) and the material to be split is provided at the input end of the machine (1).
  16. Machine according to one of claims 11 to 15, characterised in that a connecting gap (22) delimited at the bottom by the belt (19) and at the top by a guide wall (21) extends between the transport gap (9) and the feed gap (6).
  17. Machine according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterised in that a top bridge (28) carrying the two rolls (7, 10) is vertically adjustable.
  18. Machine according to one of claims 7 to 17, characterised in that the flexible supports (8, 11) are carried by a transverse beam (30) the bow of which is adjustable relative to a lower bed (31).
  19. Machine according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterised in that a lower bed (31) comprising the flexible supports (8, 11) can pivot relative to the substructure (34) of the machine (1) about an axis (33) close to the feed gap (6).
  20. Machine according to claim 19, characterised in that the substructure (34) can pivot relative to the frame (36) of the machine about an axis (37) extending at a distance from the feed gap (6) on the other side of the cutting edge (2) of the knife below the splitting plane.
  21. Machine according to claim 20, characterised in that the substructure (34) can be pivoted by means of a control element (38) which yields when a pre-selectable force in the direction of an increase in the gaps (6, 9) is exceeded.
EP98106027A 1997-04-09 1998-04-02 Band knife splitting machine Expired - Lifetime EP0870581B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19714592A DE19714592A1 (en) 1997-04-09 1997-04-09 Band knife splitting machine
DE19714592 1997-04-09

Publications (3)

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EP0870581A2 EP0870581A2 (en) 1998-10-14
EP0870581A3 EP0870581A3 (en) 1999-01-20
EP0870581B1 true EP0870581B1 (en) 2001-06-20

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EP98106027A Expired - Lifetime EP0870581B1 (en) 1997-04-09 1998-04-02 Band knife splitting machine

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EP (1) EP0870581B1 (en)
DE (2) DE19714592A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2158632T3 (en)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6434978B1 (en) 2000-01-12 2002-08-20 Vitomir Mance Ring roller for hide splitting process
US6553886B1 (en) 2000-06-08 2003-04-29 Vitomir Mance Automatic retraction system for ring roller
ATE274071T1 (en) * 2000-06-20 2004-09-15 Rainer Dr Dorstewitz BAND KNIFE SPLITTING MACHINE
EP1168259A3 (en) 2000-06-28 2003-12-17 Hitachi, Ltd. Data management method and system for IC card
US6698255B1 (en) 2002-12-12 2004-03-02 Rainer Dorstewitz Rotation hoop knife splitting machine
CN111778366B (en) * 2020-07-16 2021-06-04 东莞市润邦鞋材有限公司 Leather processing method
IT202200018759A1 (en) * 2022-09-14 2024-03-14 Mosconi S P A “Splitting machine with multiple rollers”

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1775666A (en) * 1924-02-16 1930-09-16 Turner Tanning Machinery Co Splitting and cheeking machine for the treatment of skins
GB1010797A (en) * 1962-08-09 1965-11-24 Masch Fabrick Moenus Ag Feeding device for band knife splitting machines
DE1660091C3 (en) * 1964-12-02 1982-06-03 Mercier Frères S.A., 07100 Annonay, Ardèche Band knife splitting machine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2158632T3 (en) 2001-09-01
EP0870581A3 (en) 1999-01-20
DE59800878D1 (en) 2001-07-26
EP0870581A2 (en) 1998-10-14
DE19714592A1 (en) 1998-10-15

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