EP0864829B1 - Appareil de récupération de chaleur sur des fumées et procédé de fabrication d'un tel appareil - Google Patents

Appareil de récupération de chaleur sur des fumées et procédé de fabrication d'un tel appareil Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0864829B1
EP0864829B1 EP97810137A EP97810137A EP0864829B1 EP 0864829 B1 EP0864829 B1 EP 0864829B1 EP 97810137 A EP97810137 A EP 97810137A EP 97810137 A EP97810137 A EP 97810137A EP 0864829 B1 EP0864829 B1 EP 0864829B1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
line
strands
piece
spirals
casing
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP97810137A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0864829A1 (fr
Inventor
Reto Schmid
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to AT97810137T priority Critical patent/ATE223027T1/de
Priority to EP97810137A priority patent/EP0864829B1/fr
Priority to DE59708065T priority patent/DE59708065D1/de
Publication of EP0864829A1 publication Critical patent/EP0864829A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0864829B1 publication Critical patent/EP0864829B1/fr
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/22—Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being spirally coiled
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
    • F28D21/0003—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for recovering heat from flue gas according to claim 1 and a method for producing the same according to claim 15.
  • a heat exchanger for two media which consists of modules is constructed.
  • Each module comprises two connected flat spirals on this side and beyond a plate lying between the spirals.
  • Means are provided to the individual
  • the modules are arranged in a container which has an inlet and an outlet for a second medium.
  • the spirals forming Cable strands penetrate the plate centrally and end periferously, namely after one Penetration of the container wall outside the container, where it connects to the circuit can be connected.
  • a heat exchanger in which flat rings with a spiral therein arranged wall each form a spiral flow space for a first medium and corrugated metal strips are arranged between the rings.
  • a metal band is spiral on the A ring is placed and a second medium flows radially through the corrugations of the corrugated metal band.
  • the rings are perifer to a supply line running perpendicular to the ring plane on one side the second plate and a similar derivative on the other side of the second plate connected.
  • One medium flows through one half of the heat exchanger the flow area of the rings from the periferie to the center in which other half from the center to the periferie.
  • the other medium is through a nozzle in the Container introduced and passed with a plate in an annular space, from which it is in the area of corrugated metal strips against the direction of flow of a medium a core space will flow.
  • the annular space is divided into two halves by the annular second plate.
  • the medium from the core space in turn becomes a plate in front of the second nozzle forming an outlet directed into the second half of the annular space against the direction of flow of one of where it exits through the nozzle around the third plate.
  • Advantage of this heat exchanger is that the media are consistently cross-flow or counter-flow. Disadvantage of this Heat exchangers are the rings that are complex to manufacture for the spiral flow chamber. The Rings also have a relatively small surface area.
  • the flue gas heat exchanger should be included in the production simple means larger or smaller according to the work to be performed can be.
  • spiral configuration of the cable strands is that the spiral is a represents a very dense packing of lines that expands radially and requires little axial space, which is easy to manufacture and does not have to have any connections. Such spirals can are strung together, so that different performance requirements correspondingly more or fewer spirals together form a heat exchange unit.
  • Adjacent spirals advantageously have opposite directions of rotation, which makes it possible the spirals touch each other without allowing the flue gas to flow through prevent. Due to the opposite inclinations of the lines to the tangential direction there are points of contact at which neighboring spirals touch and between them Contact points open areas in which the flue gas can circulate. Automatically a swirling of the flue gas is achieved with a very dense packing of the Wiring harnesses. Due to this opposite direction of rotation and the density of the Packing can usually dispense with a spacing device between the wiring harnesses become. The space required is due to the advantageous arrangement of the wiring harnesses reached.
  • Two spirals are advantageously arranged contiguously with one another. Since that Flue gas first flows centrifugally through the spirals, it is advantageous to centriped it again collect for forwarding to the fireplace. It advantageously flows through a second spiral, which is advantageously related to the first spiral.
  • This transition between the first and second spirals is advantageously arranged peripherally. This allows multiple such strands, each with two coils, to be assembled can be made by sliding one over the other and making the transition between the Spirals of the second line strand over a spiral of the first line strand runs.
  • the wiring harnesses advantageously consist of a single piece and point in the exchange space no connections that offer points of attack for the aggressive flue gas.
  • the inlet and outlet for the flue gas are approximately central and one on the housing Passage is arranged peripherally between the sectional body and the housing, so that the flue gas is fed in the middle area and flows centrifugally through the line strands the periphery from a first hotter to a second cooler zone of the exchange room flows where it flows centripedally through the wiring harnesses around out of the central area to be fed into a fireplace.
  • the flue gas thus flows along the entire length of the Exchange route against the direction of flow of the medium in the line strings, if this is fed on the cooler side of the exchange room. This will distinguish between the both media achieve the greatest possible temperature gradient.
  • the outline body is advantageously a plate that between the two zones in the Exchange room is arranged. It separates the innermost spiral of the hotter zone from the innermost spiral of the cooler zone and forces the flue gas, first between the one spiral of the cable strands to flow to the periphery of the exchange space and then to get back to the center through the other spirals of the cable strands, from where it cools down when it leaves the exchange room.
  • the order of the cable runs is freely selectable, but is expedient on both Sides in the same order, as all wiring harnesses have the same shape can.
  • the distances between the two spirals of a cable run in a heat exchanger constant.
  • the sequence during assembly is selected so that one additional wiring harness is connected directly then placed on the previous one.
  • the cable strands are advantageously made of a tube material which has an outside Has plastic surface. This makes the wiring harnesses resistant to the aggressive Flue gases.
  • a metal pipe with a plastic jacket has the advantages that it has the necessary Deformability in the processing process, the dimensional stability even when heated, the Resistant to the aggressive smoke gases and is diffusion-proof thanks to the metal layer for oxygen.
  • the metal layer can also be very thin, e.g. a slide. These tubes are additional due to their inner plastic surface better protected from corrosion and deposits inside.
  • a commercially available technical three-layer pipe is advantageously used for this, since this is cheaply available thanks to large production quantities. It turned out to be in the development phase of the heat exchanger according to the invention and in tests with prototypes as very suitable. For safety's sake, however, a temperature sensor can preferably be provided, which not only protects against overheating of the plastic of the heat exchanger cable strands, but at the same time the use of a plastic fireplace allows for what deep Flue gas temperatures are recommended.
  • the line strands are preferably led out of the housing and outside Collector and distributor connected. So there are no pipe connections inside the exchange room. However, this requires a large number of pipe penetrations through the housing. If you want to avoid this, you can conveniently collect the item and the distribution piece can be arranged within the exchange space, and only the manifolds be guided through the housing wall.
  • the aim of heat exchangers is to have an inexpensive, small heat exchanger pack with a large exchange surface with a small thermal resistance.
  • the thermal resistance of the exchange surfaces can be chosen to be higher than in the case of packs made of more expensive material which take up more space.
  • the choice of technical three-layer pipes with the advantages mentioned is therefore expedient in the case of the tight packing according to the invention of the wiring harnesses and the price advantage mentioned, even if the pipe walls of such pipes have a higher thermal resistance than metal pipes.
  • the thermal resistance of the exchange surface should preferably be less than 0.006 m 2 K / W, particularly preferably less than 0.004 m 2 K / W.
  • the bundle of wiring harnesses with an integrated structure by means of spacers create a distance to the housing, fixed in its structure.
  • the resulting package can now be inserted into the exchange room.
  • the ends come with collectible and Distributor connected.
  • the ends of the wiring harnesses can advantageously be outside the Housing to be connected to the collector and distribution piece, and accordingly by the housing must be passed through.
  • the ends can also be within the Exchange room to be connected to the collector and distributor, and then accordingly only the header pipes are led through the housing.
  • the heat recuperator has a housing 13, 21 with a tubular housing body 21 and two end caps 13 on.
  • this housing 13, 21 there is the exchange space 47, which is divided into two zones 51 and 53 by a plate-shaped sectional body 49.
  • a plurality of wiring harnesses 31 is spirally wound in these two zones 51 and 53 of the Exchange room 47 arranged.
  • a liquid medium flows through the lines 31 and exchanges heat with a gaseous medium via the pipe walls Counterflow between the line strands 31 flows through exchange space 47.
  • FIG. 1 shows a view of one of the end covers 13 of the recuperator 11.
  • the covers 13 are equipped with stabilization punchings 15, a number of openings 17 for Passage of lines are connected to the housing body 21 and have a Central area arranged nozzle 25 for a flue gas pipe to be connected.
  • At the Cover 13 is attached to the distributor 33 by means of connecting angles 27 and pipe fastenings 29.
  • a cover 13 can also be firmly connected to the housing body 21.
  • the only approach drawn wiring harnesses 31 are connected to the distributor 33 and are through the Openings 17 passed through the lid 13.
  • the openings 17 are with pipe bushings 35, e.g. made of silicone plastic or rubber-like plastics such as "Viton", so that the necessary tightness is guaranteed and to protect the pipes.
  • the housing body 21 is with Supports 37, under which the recuperator can be supported.
  • FIG. 2 shows the recuperator 11 in section.
  • the covers 13 are visible, each with an inlet 41 or an outlet 42 for the flue gas and the housing body 21 with a closable Cleaning opening 39.
  • an outlet 43 for condensate and if necessary, cleaning liquid provided.
  • the exchange space 47 is through the plate-shaped Dividing body 49 divided into two zones, the hotter zone 51 on the left and the cooler one on the right Zone 53.
  • the wiring harness bundle 55 consists of 12 wiring harnesses 31, each with two spirals (e.g. 61 and 65).
  • the first wiring harness 57 begins after the cover 13 is pierced a first inner turn 59. 7 turns form a first spiral 61 which is connected to the outermost one Turn 63 ends.
  • the direction of rotation of the spirals is not visible. Is the first spiral 61 of the first wiring harness 57 viewed from the right cover 13 clockwise from the inside to the outside, so is that first spiral of the 3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th and 11th wiring harness from the inside to the outside clockwise, the other spirals in the cooler zone 53, however, counterclockwise (flow direction according to arrows 46). This creates adjacent spirals between the crossing tubes Gaps through which the flue gas can flow. The way through this Intermediate spaces are twisted and thereby whirl up the flue gas, which is constantly small Make changes to its flow direction. Where necessary, the tube bundle 55 is at the bottom and laterally on spacers (not shown).
  • the structure of the wiring harness bundle can be advantageous spacers connected to the bundle can be stabilized. It can also be rod-shaped Deposits can be inserted between the turns of the spirals parallel to the axis that said Stabilize structure as well.
  • the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3 represents the line bundle 75 of a recuperator 11 ' represents, in which a distributor 78 and a collector 77 in the housing 13, 21 are arranged.
  • bundle 75 corresponds exactly to bundle 55.
  • the wiring harnesses are in the central area 79 connected to the collector 77 and the distributor 78.
  • the connections 85 and 87 these pieces 77 and 78 are passed through the housing. In the present case, they are both Terminals 85 and 87 are provided on the same side of the housing, with the distributor 78 through which the exchange space dividing plate 89 is passed.
  • the wire harness bundle 75 can thus be designed symmetrically and the plate 89 must not be pierced.
  • the recorded examples have a length of approx. 22.5 meters for each line. This gives a total length of approx. 270 m.
  • the surface results in a pipe diameter of 20 mm about 17 m 2 , with a heat exchanger size of about 80 cm in diameter and 55 cm in length. This surface can be enlarged very easily by increasing the number of wiring harnesses and more spiral turns. A further handling would result in an enlargement of the surface by approx. 3.4 m 2 with a diameter increase of only 5 cm in the example given.
  • the calculated thermal resistance of the pipe walls of technical three-layer pipes used in the prototypes is in the range between 0.003 and 0.004 m 2 K / W.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)

Claims (19)

  1. Dispositif (11) de récupération de chaleur de gaz de fumée, comprenant un boítier (21, 13) enveloppant une chambre d'échange (47) et présentant une entrée (41) et une sortie (42) pour un premier fluide, au moins un corps diviseur (49) divisant cette chambre d'échange (47), et un passage périphérique entre le corps diviseur et le boítier pour le guidage de ce fluide, une multitude de tuyauteries (31) disposées dans la chambre d'échange (47) en forme de spirales pour conduire un deuxième fluide à contre-courant du premier fluide, et, raccordés aux tuyauteries (31), au moins un élément collecteur (45) et un élément de répartiteur (33) pour regrouper et répartir les tuyauteries (31), les tuyauteries (31) s'étendant en forme de spirale étant présentes des deux côtés du passage périphérique (40) dans la chambre d'échange (47), et une tuyauterie (31), en aval de l'élément répartiteur (33), présentant une spire la plus à l'intérieur ou, en aval de la spire la plus à l'intérieur, étant raccordée à l'élément collecteur (45).
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les spirales de tuyauteries (31) voisines présentent des sens de rotation opposés.
  3. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'une tuyauterie (57) comprend respectivement deux spirales (61, 65) associées, qui sont associées au niveau périphérique.
  4. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'une tuyauterie (31) est respectivement constituée d'une seule pièce continue.
  5. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'entrée (41) et la sortie (42) sont disposées dans la zone centrale sur le couvercle (13).
  6. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le corps diviseur (49) est une plaque qui divise la chambre d'échange (47) en une zone plus chaude (51) et une zone plus froide (53).
  7. Dispositif selon les revendications 3 et 6, caractérisé en ce que respectivement l'une des deux spirales (61, 65) associées d'une tuyauterie (57) est disposée dans la zone plus chaude (51) et l'autre dans la zone plus froide (53) de la chambre d'échange.
  8. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que l'ordre des tuyauteries (31) est le même dans les deux zones (51, 53).
  9. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que les tubes des tuyauteries (31) présentent une surface en matière plastique sur les faces extérieures entourées par le premier fluide.
  10. Dispositif selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que les tubes sont des tubes métalliques enrobés de matière plastique.
  11. Dispositif selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que les tubes sont des tubes en matière plastique avec un film métallique inséré dans la matière plastique.
  12. Dispositif selon la revendication 10 ou 11, caractérisé en ce que les tubes présentent une couche métallique et à l'intérieur et à l'extérieur une surface en matière plastique.
  13. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce que les tuyauteries (31) s'étendent individuellement à travers le boítier (21, 13), et en ce que l'élément collecteur (45) et l'élément répartiteur (33) sont disposés à l'extérieur de la chambre d'échange (47).
  14. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce que l'élément collecteur (45) et l'élément répartiteur (33) sont disposés dans la chambre d'échange (47), et en ce que les tubes collecteurs (85, 87) traversent le boítier (21, 13).
  15. Procédé de réalisation d'un dispositif de récupération de chaleur de gaz de fumées selon l'une des revendications 1 à 14, caractérisé en ce que des éléments de tube sont serrés aux deux extrémités à distance l'un par rapport à l'autre dans un tour et enroulés en forme de spirale, de manière à ce que respectivement deux spirales ayant le même sens de rotation associées au niveau de leur périphérie constituent une tuyauterie (31) obtenue à partir d'un élément de tube, et en ce que ces tuyauteries (31) soient rangées sur un corps diviseur (49) en forme de plaque de manière à ce que les spirales (61, 65) d'une tuyauterie (57) se placent sur différentes faces du corps diviseur (49) et à ce qu'elles soient associées autour du corps diviseur (49), en ce que ce faisceau de tuyauteries (55) est monté avec le corps diviseur (49) en forme de plaque dans une chambre d'échange (47) dans un boítier (21, 13), de telle manière que le corps diviseur (49) divise la chambre d'échange (47) en une zone plus chaude (51) et une zone plus froide (53), et en ce que les extrémités des tuyauteries (31) soient raccordées à un élément collecteur (45) et à un élément répartiteur (33).
  16. Procédé selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que lors de la mise en rangée des tuyauteries (31) ces dernières sont tournées de 180° en alternance verticalement par rapport à l'axe des spirales puis assemblées de manière à ce que des spirales voisines tournent en sens opposé.
  17. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 15 ou 16, caractérisé en ce que la distance entre deux spirales (61, 65) associées est dimensionnée en fonction du nombre de tuyauteries (31) et de leur diamètre de tube, et en ce qu'une multitude de tuyauteries (31) est montée de manière à remplir la chambre d'échange (47).
  18. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 15 à 17, caractérisé en ce que les extrémités des tuyauteries (31), avant le raccordement à l'élément collecteur (45) et à l'élément répartiteur (33), sont sorties du boítier à travers des ouvertures (17) du boítier (21, 13).
  19. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 15 à 18, caractérisé en ce que les extrémités des tuyauteries (31) sont raccordées à l'élément collecteur (77) et à l'élément répartiteur (78) à l'intérieur de la chambre d'échange (47), pour sortir du boítier le conduit d'amenée (87) et le conduit d'évacuation (85) raccordés à celle-ci.
EP97810137A 1997-03-11 1997-03-11 Appareil de récupération de chaleur sur des fumées et procédé de fabrication d'un tel appareil Expired - Lifetime EP0864829B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT97810137T ATE223027T1 (de) 1997-03-11 1997-03-11 Vorrichtung zur rückgewinnung von wärme aus rauchgas, und verfahren zur herstellung derselben
EP97810137A EP0864829B1 (fr) 1997-03-11 1997-03-11 Appareil de récupération de chaleur sur des fumées et procédé de fabrication d'un tel appareil
DE59708065T DE59708065D1 (de) 1997-03-11 1997-03-11 Vorrichtung zur Rückgewinnung von Wärme aus Rauchgas, und Verfahren zur Herstellung derselben

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP97810137A EP0864829B1 (fr) 1997-03-11 1997-03-11 Appareil de récupération de chaleur sur des fumées et procédé de fabrication d'un tel appareil

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0864829A1 EP0864829A1 (fr) 1998-09-16
EP0864829B1 true EP0864829B1 (fr) 2002-08-28

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EP97810137A Expired - Lifetime EP0864829B1 (fr) 1997-03-11 1997-03-11 Appareil de récupération de chaleur sur des fumées et procédé de fabrication d'un tel appareil

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EP (1) EP0864829B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE223027T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59708065D1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2840675B1 (fr) * 2002-06-06 2005-02-04 Vallet Dispositif d'echange thermique perfectionne
GB0802486D0 (en) 2008-02-12 2008-03-19 Gilbert Patrick C Warm water economy device

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB138870A (en) * 1919-02-08 1921-08-08 Griscom Russell Co Improvements in or relating to heat interchangers
CH173859A (de) * 1933-05-12 1934-12-15 Sulzer Ag Wärmeaustauscher.
CH310610A (de) * 1953-03-16 1955-10-31 Escher Wyss Ag Wärmeaustauschapparat für durch feste Wände voneinander getrennte Wärmeaustauschmittel.
ES347326A1 (es) * 1966-11-24 1969-02-01 Lanzoni Intercambiador termico de dos fluidos.
DE1907881A1 (de) * 1969-02-17 1970-09-03 Becker Dr Ing Kurt Flache Rohrlagenwicklungen fuer Kreuzstrom-Waermeaustauscher
FR2602857B1 (fr) * 1986-08-14 1988-11-25 Nibart Jean Clair Echangeur de chaleur fumee/eau pour une chaudiere a combustible gazeux ou liquide pour production d'eau chaude, et corps de chauffe comportant un tel echangeur de chaleur
FR2719370A1 (fr) * 1994-04-28 1995-11-03 Sofath Echangeur de chaleur en tube métallique plastifié.

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Publication number Publication date
DE59708065D1 (de) 2002-10-02
ATE223027T1 (de) 2002-09-15
EP0864829A1 (fr) 1998-09-16

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