EP0859131A1 - Soupape champignon et procédé de fabrication - Google Patents

Soupape champignon et procédé de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0859131A1
EP0859131A1 EP97300976A EP97300976A EP0859131A1 EP 0859131 A1 EP0859131 A1 EP 0859131A1 EP 97300976 A EP97300976 A EP 97300976A EP 97300976 A EP97300976 A EP 97300976A EP 0859131 A1 EP0859131 A1 EP 0859131A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
wear resistance
alloy
increasing material
resistance increasing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP97300976A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Akiyoshi Mori
Shinichi Umino
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fuji Oozx Inc
Original Assignee
Fuji Oozx Inc
Fuji Valve Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fuji Oozx Inc, Fuji Valve Co Ltd filed Critical Fuji Oozx Inc
Priority to EP97300976A priority Critical patent/EP0859131A1/fr
Publication of EP0859131A1 publication Critical patent/EP0859131A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
    • F01L3/02—Selecting particular materials for valve-members or valve-seats; Valve-members or valve-seats composed of two or more materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
    • F01L3/02—Selecting particular materials for valve-members or valve-seats; Valve-members or valve-seats composed of two or more materials
    • F01L3/04—Coated valve members or valve-seats

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a poppet valve and a method of making it, and particularly, to a poppet valve in which a valve face is hardened to increase wear resistance.
  • the obstacle to increase in allowable rotation speed of an engine is increase in inertia mass owing to weight of a valve operating system. Especially, if the poppet valve is heavy, movement of the valve element which follows a cam is failed, as rotation speed becomes higher, so that output decrease occurs. Therefore, to lighten the valve element, the whole valve element or valve head is made of light metal such as Al and Ti instead of ordinary heat resistant steel.
  • the above light metal has lower hardness than that if heat resistant steel and is poor in high temperature features. Therefore, in a valve face which is engaged on a valve seat and repeatedly subjected to large impaction load, there is a problem in wear resistance, thereby decreasing durability and reliability.
  • the valve face is regulated and hardened with heat treatment, or that a hard coated layer is formed on the valve face by surface treatment such as spray coating and plating so as to increase wear resistance.
  • valve element made of light metal such as Al does not attain hardening by the regulation, and wear resistance required for the valve face is not obtained.
  • hard coated layer is relatively thin, and expected to disappear within a short time. Therefore, it is not practical.
  • a poppet valve which comprises a valve stem and a valve head, at least the valve head being made of light metal, a hard alloy layer which contains wear resistance increasing material and the light alloy of the valve head being formed on a valve face of the valve head.
  • the hard alloy layer is formed on the valve face, thereby increasing wear resistance and reliability.
  • the alloy layer is formed only on the valve face, which does not affect lightening of the poppet valve.
  • a poppet valve which comprises a valve stem and a valve head, the method comprising the steps of:
  • Fig. 1 illustrates one embodiment of a poppet valve according to the present invention, in which a valve element 3 which comprises a valve stem 1 and a valve head 2 provided at the lower end of the valve stem 1 is made of an alloy of light metal Al or Ti, such as Al-Si or Ti-Al-V.
  • a tapered valve face 2a in the valve head 2 comprises relatively thick hard alloy layer 4 which is different from the valve element 3 in material, the alloy layer 4 being formed by combining Al or Ti alloy of which the valve element 3 is made, with wear resistance increasing material which comprises any of Ni, Cu, Ti, Ta and Mo (Ti is excluded if the valve element is made of Ti alloy), or an alloy which contains two or more elements thereof.
  • the hard alloy layer 4 is formed on the valve face 2a which is repeatedly subjected to a large load by engagement on a valve seat (not shown), so that wear resistance on the portion is greatly increased, thereby increasing durability and reliability.
  • the alloy layer 4 is formed only on the valve face 2a, so that increase in weight of the valve element 3 is little. It does not affect lightening of the valve in weight.
  • FIG. 2 (A) to (D) illustrate how to make the valve.
  • Heating means in the step may be preferably a known plasma-arc type powder overlaying device "P", which comprises a rotary drive support 7 which is inclined at 35 degrees and rotated slowly in one direction, and a torch 8 which has a vertical axis above the support 7.
  • the torch 8 has in the middle of the lower end a nozzle for generating plasma arc 9 and a plurality of bores 10 (not shown) for generating an inert shielding gas, such as Ar, around the nozzle.
  • valve head 2 of the valve element 3 which held the ring 3 in the previous step is put into a holding ring 7a on the rotation drive support 7 of the device "P". Then, the upper end of the valve stem 1 is pressed by a rotatable workpiece holder (not shown), so that the valve element 3 is rotated in a certain direction by moving the rotation drive support 7. At the same time, the plasma arc 9 is generated by the torch 8 above the ring 6, and the inert shielding gas 10 is injected to heat and weld the ring 6 and the annular groove 5 which locally sopports the ring 6. At the same time, the torch 8 may be preferably reciprocated horizontally within a predetermined range. The valve element 3 is rotated once, so that, as shown in Fig.
  • a relatively thick hard alloy layer 4' which differs from the valve element 3 in material is formed on the valve face 2a by combining the valve element 3 with the ring 6.
  • the alloy layer 4' contains intermetallic compound such as Al-Ni, Al-Cu, Al-Ti, Al-Ta and Al-Mo when the material is Al alloy, or such as Ti-Ni, Ti-Cu, Ti-Ta and Ti-Mo when it is Ti alloy.
  • the valve element 3 in Fig. 2(D) is finished to a predetermined form by mechanical processing to the valve face 2a after the step (C).
  • Fig. 3 illustrates another embodiment in which the ring 6 is held.
  • material (not shown) is strongly pressed by a punch 12, and the ring 6 is embedded in the valve face 2a by making plastic deformation of the material for molding the valve head 2. Accordingly, the steps for forming the annular groove 5 as shown in Fig. 2 (A) and (B) and the step for holding the ring 6 can be omitted, thereby decreasing the number of steps.
  • the annular groove 5 of the valve element 3 is filled with powder 13 which comprises the foregoing wear resistance increasing material instead of the ring 6 as above.
  • the powder 13 may be ordinary, but may be preferably compressed powder, taking account of dropping during transportation of the workpieces. When it is made of compressed powder, welding of the powder 13 becomes faster, and heating time becomes shorter. Thus, especially, it is convenient for the valve element 3 made of Al alloy which has a low melting point.
  • Fig. 5 illustrates that a plurality of grooves 14 are formed on the valve face 2a, powder 13 being embedded in the grooves 14.
  • the material is partially exposed. Therefore, it is effectively heated and welded to make an alloy readily.
  • the present invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments, but may apply to a stem-welding-type poppet valve in which the upper part from a suitable portion such as a middle portion of the valve stem 1 is made of an ordinary heat resistant steel and the lower part of the valve stem 1 which contains the valve head 2 is made of Al alloy or Ti alloy as above, instead of the valve element 3 totally made of Al alloy or Ti alloy as above.
  • the valve face 2a has a tapered surface, and therefore, may be heated and welded with the ring 6 which is merely put on the face without forming the annular groove 5.
  • the lower surface of the ring 6 may be flat to join the valve face 2a.
  • the powder 13 may be held on the valve face 2a with adhesion by a suitable binder without the annular groove 5 or groove 14.
  • high density energy such as laser and electronic beam may be employed instead of plasma arc as above.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
EP97300976A 1997-02-14 1997-02-14 Soupape champignon et procédé de fabrication Withdrawn EP0859131A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP97300976A EP0859131A1 (fr) 1997-02-14 1997-02-14 Soupape champignon et procédé de fabrication

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP97300976A EP0859131A1 (fr) 1997-02-14 1997-02-14 Soupape champignon et procédé de fabrication

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0859131A1 true EP0859131A1 (fr) 1998-08-19

Family

ID=8229218

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97300976A Withdrawn EP0859131A1 (fr) 1997-02-14 1997-02-14 Soupape champignon et procédé de fabrication

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0859131A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007029675A1 (de) * 2007-06-27 2009-01-02 Trw Automotive Gmbh Gaswechselventil
DE102007051374A1 (de) * 2007-10-26 2009-04-30 Trw Automotive Gmbh Gaswechselventil für eine Brennkraftmaschine
EP2933445A1 (fr) * 2014-04-08 2015-10-21 Man Diesel & Turbo, Filial Af Man Diesel & Turbo Se, Tyskland Soupape d'échappement pour un moteur à combustion interne et procédé de renforcement d'une zone de siège de soupape annulaire dans une soupape d'échappement

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH465323A (de) * 1964-07-08 1968-11-15 Bluecher Wahlstatt Leichtmet Verfahren zum Panzern von Ventilkegeln für Verbrennungsmotoren
EP0228282A2 (fr) * 1985-12-25 1987-07-08 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Culasse en aluminium avec siège-soupape formé intégralement par une couche de cuivre et une couche de base
JPS62197609A (ja) * 1986-02-25 1987-09-01 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd きのこ状弁のフエ−ス部耐熱合金肉盛方法
JPH0494889A (ja) * 1990-08-10 1992-03-26 Toyota Motor Corp Ｔｉ―Ａｌ系合金製エンジンバルブ
EP0543353A1 (fr) * 1991-11-18 1993-05-26 Sumitomo Light Metal Industries, Ltd. Procédé de fabrication d'une soupape d'admission ou d'échappement pour un moteur à combustion interne
JPH0681614A (ja) * 1992-08-31 1994-03-22 Nippon Steel Corp バルブシート
JPH06200719A (ja) * 1993-01-07 1994-07-19 Honda Motor Co Ltd Ａｌ合金製エンジンバルブおよびその製造方法

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH465323A (de) * 1964-07-08 1968-11-15 Bluecher Wahlstatt Leichtmet Verfahren zum Panzern von Ventilkegeln für Verbrennungsmotoren
EP0228282A2 (fr) * 1985-12-25 1987-07-08 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Culasse en aluminium avec siège-soupape formé intégralement par une couche de cuivre et une couche de base
JPS62197609A (ja) * 1986-02-25 1987-09-01 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd きのこ状弁のフエ−ス部耐熱合金肉盛方法
JPH0494889A (ja) * 1990-08-10 1992-03-26 Toyota Motor Corp Ｔｉ―Ａｌ系合金製エンジンバルブ
EP0543353A1 (fr) * 1991-11-18 1993-05-26 Sumitomo Light Metal Industries, Ltd. Procédé de fabrication d'une soupape d'admission ou d'échappement pour un moteur à combustion interne
JPH0681614A (ja) * 1992-08-31 1994-03-22 Nippon Steel Corp バルブシート
JPH06200719A (ja) * 1993-01-07 1994-07-19 Honda Motor Co Ltd Ａｌ合金製エンジンバルブおよびその製造方法

Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 012, no. 045 (M - 667) 10 February 1988 (1988-02-10) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 016, no. 331 (M - 1282) 20 July 1992 (1992-07-20) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 018, no. 338 (M - 1628) 27 June 1994 (1994-06-27) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 018, no. 563 (M - 1693) 27 October 1994 (1994-10-27) *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007029675A1 (de) * 2007-06-27 2009-01-02 Trw Automotive Gmbh Gaswechselventil
DE102007051374A1 (de) * 2007-10-26 2009-04-30 Trw Automotive Gmbh Gaswechselventil für eine Brennkraftmaschine
EP2933445A1 (fr) * 2014-04-08 2015-10-21 Man Diesel & Turbo, Filial Af Man Diesel & Turbo Se, Tyskland Soupape d'échappement pour un moteur à combustion interne et procédé de renforcement d'une zone de siège de soupape annulaire dans une soupape d'échappement

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