EP0858374B1 - Method and device for guiding cast billets in a continuous casting facility - Google Patents
Method and device for guiding cast billets in a continuous casting facility Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0858374B1 EP0858374B1 EP96945851A EP96945851A EP0858374B1 EP 0858374 B1 EP0858374 B1 EP 0858374B1 EP 96945851 A EP96945851 A EP 96945851A EP 96945851 A EP96945851 A EP 96945851A EP 0858374 B1 EP0858374 B1 EP 0858374B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- strand
- continuous casting
- casting device
- plate segments
- plate
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
- B22D11/124—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
- B22D11/128—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for removing
- B22D11/1282—Vertical casting and curving the cast stock to the horizontal
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for guiding strands of a continuously pouring Continuous casting plant, in particular a plant for producing thin slabs from steel, with a mold and a strand guide frame provided with a cooling device, wherein the strand is held in shape by a gaseous medium and guided in the direction of the strand pull-out and cooled, and a device for performing the method.
- Such a method or the device is known from AU-A-49917.
- the strand routing in slab or ingot continuous casting plants becomes regular performed by rollers arranged below the mold. As far as they have these roles are uncooled, a minimum diameter of about 100 mm and, insofar as they are one Have internal cooling, a diameter of at least about 140 mm. In slab caster, that can assume a slab width of up to 3.5 m come split Rollers with intermediate bearings are used.
- Spray cooling is regularly used when using uncooled rollers. This The type of spray cooling harbors the risk of uncontrolled cooling of the strand Strand surface cracks can result.
- the roll diameter in connection with the strand width determines the distance between the individual roles to each other.
- This roller distance which is a characteristic variable for strand support or strand bulge is to be considered directly the strand quality.
- the bulging of a strand depends on the casting speed and the distance between the rollers. While standard slabs with a thickness of about 200 mm with a maximum speed of 2.2 m / min. is poured. become Thin slabs with a thickness of about 50 mm with a speed of 6 m / min. poured, with speeds of 8 m / min. be aimed for.
- the strand shell is made of thin slabs before it emerges the mold until it solidifies compared to strand shells for standard slabs is significantly hotter in the same metallurgical location.
- the pouring thickness is less and the tendency to bulge and thus to deform of the strand in an uncontrollable manner.
- plates are also known as strand guide elements.
- EP 0 107 563 A1 proposes a grid that is below the Mold is arranged and through the free space a cooling medium, for. B. splash water, is sprayed against the strand surface.
- the invention has therefore set itself the goal of simple strand management to create even for high casting speeds, with structurally simple means enable the production of strands of high surface quality with low wear.
- the invention achieves this goal by the characterizing features of the method claim 1 and the device claim 5.
- the strand slides on a gas cushion after leaving the mold, which is placed between plate segments and the strand and becomes its heat indirectly touching it by absorbing the radiant heat from the strand Withdrawn cooling plates.
- Nitrogen is preferably used as the gaseous medium to be used by the appropriate construction of the plate segments on the strand facing wall keeps it in shape, leads in the strand discharge direction and in addition to absorb the indirect heat (radiation) through the cooling plates the flowing gas is cooled.
- the strand guide plate segments on the No work to carry (weight) of the strand Furthermore change the specific work in the respective segments or via the metallurgical length from the mold exit to the end of the strand guide.
- the strand is additionally connected via mechanical means (here essentially Continuous casting rolls) defined by the continuous stand at a predeterminable speed emotional.
- the rollers can transport or the desired casting speed and / or support and take over or ensure the bending and straightening processes.
- the speed at the end of the Continuous casting stand arranged role used here since the strand is completely solidified.
- the drive energies via the gas flow and the continuous casting rollers are arbitrary tunable.
- the Conveyed strand by the gas flow and by the continuous casting rollers at its speed braked to the target speed.
- the plate segments essentially consist of a hollow body through which a Cooling medium is preferably passed suction.
- a network of distribution lines is provided on the side inclined through the line which is a gas, e.g. Nitrogen.
- the distribution lines are section by section interconnected and connected to a gas production station via manifolds.
- the individual nozzle openings of the distribution lines can vary be trained. Their distribution will also be according to the amount of work adapted to their location in the strand guide. For example, the number of nozzles and / or the sum of the nozzle openings in the segment over a metallurgical length and width can be functionally changed to at different geometric locations to do different work with the same pressure supply.
- This distribution of Nozzles in the sense of different performances at the same pressure e.g. per printing system (Segment plate, pneumatic cushion) can be used both transversely and lengthways Casting direction is available. Also, a segment can be different from each other independent pneumatic systems.
- the nozzles or a part of the nozzles be pointed To give inclination to the casting direction to support the promotion of the strand.
- This support of the strand conveyance provides the continuous casting speed safe and supports and simplifies the workload between the plate segments arranged pairs of rollers.
- the plate segments have at least in Edge area a distance from the strand surface, which is a defined leakage of the Gases between the strand and the lip arranged at least in the edge region allows.
- the plate segments are on actuators, for example piston-cylinder units, connected with which the distance of plate segment and strand and thus the Gas leakage can be predetermined.
- the wall inclined to the strand is in its design and in the material Built in such a way that it can dissipate a maximum of radiant heat.
- copper with a relatively small wall thickness to the cooling water arranged in the cooling box of the plate segment absorb the heat.
- the wall thickness of the strand inclined wall of the plate segments varies in such a way that the Thickness decreases towards the main plate axis.
- the one facing the strand can also Wall of the segment with a wear-resistant protective layer, such as. B. Nickel and / or chrome coated.
- the plate segment is constructed from tubes that are meandering are arranged and on the contact lines of the distribution lines for the supply of the gas are introduced.
- the pipeline Through the pipeline there is the possibility of cooling water perform at high speed and thus the highest possible amount to dissipate radiant heat from the strand.
- the Line inclined wall of the plate segments in the conveying direction of the line to be concave.
- the degree of concavity of the wall can be on one start concave mold and in the first segment over all segments of the strand guide be reduced, e.g. to a low concavity or flat surface up to End of the strand guide scaffold, or up to the solidification of the strand.
- a parallel slab or a slab with the desired one concave profile can be created.
- the pneumatic working profile can also extend across the segment width For example, different hole thicknesses can be specified. So it is e.g. advantageous, to build up less pneumatic work in the middle of the plate segment, to do justice to the membrane effect of the strand in the middle. On the edge of the strand, i.e. in the edge area, the strand is more dimensionally stable than in the middle.
- the pneumatic work introduced can be carried out at given strip thicknesses reduced by opening or closing the plate segments in the same gas pressure or be enlarged, i.e. the distance between the plate segments and the strand is varied.
- This pneumatic work value can be due to the distance between the plate segment parts specified on the top or bottom and for a given slab thickness become.
- the strand with a desired The casting speed is conveyed pneumatically by the continuous casting machine.
- the motors of the continuous casters take care of ensuring the exact Target casting speed through additional work, either promotion (Motor operation) or the rollers run in generator operation and brake the slab to the desired target casting speed. If the motor current rises above the specified one Beyond limits, the base speed is corrected pneumatically.
- Figure 1 shows a continuous caster with a tundish 11 from the liquid Metal is passed through a dip tube 13 into a mold 12.
- Act in the present case it is an arcuate continuous caster for producing slabs B, in the case of the strand 12 from the vertically aligned mold, with its strand shell W enclosing the swamp S is conveyed out.
- Below the mold 12 are rolls 21, which are driven by a roller drive 22 and a guide made of plates 30, which consists of individual plate segments 31, is provided.
- the plate segments 31 are arranged on the top and bottom of the slab B. Between individual plate segments 31, the rollers 21 are arranged.
- roller drives 22 are connected to a measuring and control device 23.
- the rollers 21 guiding and driving the strand and the plate segments 31 are surrounded by a housing 61.
- the housing 61 is via lines 62 for the supply and lines 63 for the return of a gas with a gas cooling system 64 and a gas cleaning system 65 connected.
- a gas delivery station 49 is provided, through which the gas via gas collecting lines 46 is promoted to the individual plate segments 31.
- the cooling medium is cooled by a Pump 71 suctioned off via a feed line 72, the individual plate segments 31 fed and returned via a return line 73.
- FIG. 2 shows the section aa through the continuous casting device with the housing 61, which envelops the plate segments 31 and the slab B.
- the plate segments 31 are by piston cylinder devices 51 for plate spacing adjustable attached.
- a cooling medium is supplied to the plate segments 31 via the line 72 and returned via line 73.
- distribution lines 45 are connected via the collecting line the distribution outside, via a distribution line 43 for the supply in Middle area and also distribution lines 44 for the supply in the intermediate area Gas through orifices 42 in the space between the plate segments 31 and the slab B promoted.
- the plate segments 31 sit on the slab inclined side, the wall 32, which may have a lip 34 in the edge region.
- the slab B has the strand shell W in which there is a sump S made of liquid metal located.
- Figure 3 shows a further section A-A of the plate segments 31, in which the Strand B inclined wall 32 is concave.
- the wall 32 is double-walled, the one directly assigned to the strand B.
- Plate 35 made of a highly thermally conductive material, e.g. B. copper is.
- the copper plate 35 can have a wear-resistant layer 36, for example be coated from nickel or chrome.
- the wall 32 has a lip 34 in the edge area on.
- the wall thickness d of the wall 32 can be from the central area to the edge area be trained to be stronger.
- the gas is supplied via the distribution line 43 and bores 41 to the Muzzle 42.
- the slab B has the strand shell W which flows around the sump S.
- the slab B has a hole in the middle.
- FIG. 4 shows a plate segment 31 which consists of a meandering shape arranged pipe 38 is that with the supply line 72 and the return line 73 is connected.
- the distribution lines 43, 44, 45 end at the contact line 39 directly on the side inclined towards the slab B.
- the section B-B is shown, in which the pipes on the Contact line 39 are connected gas-tight and only when the Do not touch distribution lines 43, 44, 45 directly.
- the mouths 42 of the Distribution lines point into the space between the plate segment 31 and the slab B.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Fuhren von Strängen einer kontinuierlich gießenden Stranggießanlage, insbesondere einer Anlagen zum Erzeugen von Dünnbrammen aus Stahl, mit einer Kokille und einem mit einer Kühleinrichtung versehenen Strangführungsgerüst, wobei der Strang durch ein gasförmiges Medium in Form gehalten, in Strangauszugsrichtung geführt und gekühlt wird, sowie eine Einrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens.The invention relates to a method for guiding strands of a continuously pouring Continuous casting plant, in particular a plant for producing thin slabs from steel, with a mold and a strand guide frame provided with a cooling device, wherein the strand is held in shape by a gaseous medium and guided in the direction of the strand pull-out and cooled, and a device for performing the method.
Ein derartiges Verfahren bzw. die Einrichtung ist aus der AU-A-49917 bekannt.Such a method or the device is known from AU-A-49917.
Die Strangführung bei Stranggießanlagen von Brammen oder Vorblöcken wird regelmäßig durch unterhalb der Kokille angeordnete Rollen durchgeführt. Diese Rollen besitzen, soweit sie ungekühlt sind, einen Durchmesser von minimal etwa 100 mm und, soweit sie eine Innenkühlung aufweisen, einen Durchmesser von minimal etwa 140 mm. Bei Brammen-Stranggießanlagen, die eine Brammenbreite bis zu 3,5 m annehmen können, kommen geteilte Rollen mit Zwischenlagern zum Einsatz.The strand routing in slab or ingot continuous casting plants becomes regular performed by rollers arranged below the mold. As far as they have these roles are uncooled, a minimum diameter of about 100 mm and, insofar as they are one Have internal cooling, a diameter of at least about 140 mm. In slab caster, that can assume a slab width of up to 3.5 m come split Rollers with intermediate bearings are used.
Beim Einsatz von ungekühlten Rollen findet regelmäßig eine Spritzkühlung Verwendung. Diese Art der Spritzkühlung birgt die Gefahr der unkontrollierten Kühlung des Stranges in sich, die zu Strangoberflächenrissen führen kann.Spray cooling is regularly used when using uncooled rollers. This The type of spray cooling harbors the risk of uncontrolled cooling of the strand Strand surface cracks can result.
Der Rollendurchmesser in Verbindung mit der Strangbreite bestimmt den Abstand der einzelnen Rollen zueinander. Dieser Rollenabstand, der als charakteristische Größe für die Strangstützung bzw. die Strangausbauchung anzusehen ist, nimmt direkten Einfluß auf die Strangqualität. Die Ausbauchung eines Stranges ist abhängig von der Gießgeschwindigkeit und vom Abstand der Rollen zueinander. Während bei Standardbrammen mit einer Dicke von etwa 200 mm mit einer maximalen Geschwindigkeit von 2,2 m/min. gegossen wird. werden Dünnbrammen bei einer Dicke von etwa 50 mm mit einer Geschwindigkeit von 6 m/min. gegossen, wobei Geschwindigkeiten von 8 m/min. angestrebt werden.The roll diameter in connection with the strand width determines the distance between the individual roles to each other. This roller distance, which is a characteristic variable for strand support or strand bulge is to be considered directly the strand quality. The bulging of a strand depends on the casting speed and the distance between the rollers. While standard slabs with a thickness of about 200 mm with a maximum speed of 2.2 m / min. is poured. become Thin slabs with a thickness of about 50 mm with a speed of 6 m / min. poured, with speeds of 8 m / min. be aimed for.
Verschärfend kommt hinzu, daß die Strangschale von Dünnbrammen vor Austritt aus der Kokille bis zu ihrer Erstarrung im Vergleich zu Strangschalen bei Standardbrammen am gleichen metallurgischen Ort deutlich heißer ist.To make matters worse, the strand shell is made of thin slabs before it emerges the mold until it solidifies compared to strand shells for standard slabs is significantly hotter in the same metallurgical location.
Da der Rollendurchmesser wie auch der Abstand der einzelnen Rollen zueinander nicht beliebig verkleinert werden kann, steigt bei höheren Gießgeschwindigkeiten und gleichzeitig geringerer Gießdicke die Neigung zur Ausbauchung und damit zur Deformation des Stranges in nicht mehr beherrschbarer Weise an.Because the roll diameter and the distance between the individual rolls cannot be reduced arbitrarily, increases at higher casting speeds and at the same time, the pouring thickness is less and the tendency to bulge and thus to deform of the strand in an uncontrollable manner.
Neben den Strangführungsrollen sind auch Platten als Strangführungselemente bekannt. So wird in der EP 0 107 563 A1 ein Gitternetz vorgeschlagen, das unterhalb der Kokille angeordnet ist und durch dessen freien Raum ein Kühlmedium, z. B. Spritzwasser, gegen die Strangoberfläche gesprüht wird.In addition to the strand guide rollers, plates are also known as strand guide elements. For example, EP 0 107 563 A1 proposes a grid that is below the Mold is arranged and through the free space a cooling medium, for. B. splash water, is sprayed against the strand surface.
Die Nachteile dieser Elemente bestehen darin, daß hohe Reibkräfte zwischen dem Strang und den Platten auftreten. Und außerdem besteht die Gefahr von Qualitätsnachteilen in Form von Durchbrüchen aber auch von Verpuffung durch eingeschlossenes Wasser. Weiterhin sind für das Ausziehen des Stranges hohe Ausziehkräfte erforderlich, die zu einer hohen Strangschalenbelastung führen.The disadvantages of these elements are that high frictional forces between the Strand and the plates occur. And there is also the risk of quality disadvantages in the form of breakthroughs, but also deflagration by enclosed Water. Furthermore, high pull-out forces are required for pulling out the strand, which lead to high strand shell stress.
Die Erfindung hat sich daher das Ziel gesetzt, mit einfachen Mitteln eine Strangführung auch für hohe Gießgeschwindigkeiten zu schaffen, die mit konsttuktiv einfachen Mitteln verschleißarm die Herstellung von Strängen hoher Oberflächenqualität ermöglichen.The invention has therefore set itself the goal of simple strand management to create even for high casting speeds, with structurally simple means enable the production of strands of high surface quality with low wear.
Die Erfindung erreicht dieses Ziel durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Verfahrensanspruches 1 und des Vorrichtungsanspruches 5.The invention achieves this goal by the characterizing features of the method claim 1 and the device claim 5.
Erfindungsgemäß gleitet der Strang nach Verlassen der Kokille auf einem Gaspolster, das zwischen Plattensegmenten und dem Strang angelegt wird und seine Wärme wird ihm indirekt durch die Aufnahme der Strahlungswärme von den Strang nicht berührenden Kühlplatten entzogen. Als gasförmiges Medium kommt vorzugsweise Stickstoff zum Einsatz, das durch geeigneten Aufbau der Plattensegmente an der dem Strang zugewandten Wandung diesen in Form hält, in Strangaustragsrichtung führt und ergänzend zur Aufnahme der indirekten Wärme (Strahlung) durch die Kühlplatten durch das stömende Gas gekühlt wird.According to the invention, the strand slides on a gas cushion after leaving the mold, which is placed between plate segments and the strand and becomes its heat indirectly touching it by absorbing the radiant heat from the strand Withdrawn cooling plates. Nitrogen is preferably used as the gaseous medium to be used by the appropriate construction of the plate segments on the strand facing wall keeps it in shape, leads in the strand discharge direction and in addition to absorb the indirect heat (radiation) through the cooling plates the flowing gas is cooled.
In einer Bogenanlage wird der Strang über mehrere Biegepunkte oder auch kontinuierlich über eine gleichförmige Kurve gebogen. Die Arbeit die vom Gasfilm vom Segment O und den Folgesegmenten jeweils zu leisten ist, besteht aus dem Anteil:
- Tragen des Stranges in Funktion von Gewichtsanteil entsprechend vom Ort der Strangführung zwischen Senkrecht- und Horizontalteil der Stranggießführung
- Ausgleich des ferrostatischen Druckes in Funktion vom vertikalen Abstand zum Gießspiegel
- Biegen und Richten des Stranges
- Gießwalzen, Reduktion der Strangdicke während der Erstarrung
- Fördern des Stranges.
- Carrying the strand as a function of the weight proportion corresponding to the location of the strand guide between the vertical and horizontal part of the continuous casting guide
- Equalization of the ferrostatic pressure as a function of the vertical distance to the mold level
- Bending and straightening the strand
- Casting rolls, reduction of the strand thickness during solidification
- Convey the strand.
Weiterhin ist zu berücksichtigen, daß die Strangführungs-Plattensegmente auf der Oberseite keine Arbeit zum Tragen (Gewicht) des Stranges zu leisten haben. Außerdem ändern sich die spezifischen Arbeiten in den jeweiligen Segmenten bzw. über die metallurgische Länge vom Kokillenaustritt bis zum Strangführungsende.It should also be borne in mind that the strand guide plate segments on the No work to carry (weight) of the strand. Furthermore change the specific work in the respective segments or via the metallurgical length from the mold exit to the end of the strand guide.
Die unterschiedlichen Arbeiten pro Plattensegment werden über segmentspezifische Konstruktion und/oder Regeleinrichtung des Gasmediums in Druck mal Menge sichergestellt. Eine besondere Berücksichtigung findet hier die Abhängigkeit der aktuellen Schalendicke des Stranges. Bei der Auslegung der Anlage wird darauf geachtet, daß die auf den Strang einwirkende pneumatische Arbeit so gemessen ist, daß der Strang geleitet, gefördert und wenn gewünscht - in seiner Gießdicke reduziert aber nicht unkontrolliert durch Eindrücken, also negatives Ausbauchen, deformiert wird.The different works per panel segment are segment-specific Construction and / or control device of the gas medium in pressure times quantity ensured. The dependency of the current one is given special consideration Shell thickness of the strand. When designing the system, care is taken that the pneumatic work acting on the strand is measured so that the strand directed, promoted and if desired - but not reduced in its casting thickness is deformed uncontrolled by indentation, i.e. negative bulging.
Gleichzeitig wird der Strang zusätzlich über mechanische Mittel (hier im wesentlichen Stranggießrollen) in vorgebbarer Geschwindigkeit durch das Stranggerüst definiert bewegt. Die Rollen können den Transport bzw. die gewünschte Gießgeschwindigkeit und/oder die Biege- und Richtvorgänge unterstützen und übernehmen bzw. sicherstellen. Zur definierten Sicherstellung der Gießgeschwindigkeit wird die am Ende des Stranggießgerüstes angeordnete Rolle genutzt, da hier der Strang durcherstarrt ist.At the same time, the strand is additionally connected via mechanical means (here essentially Continuous casting rolls) defined by the continuous stand at a predeterminable speed emotional. The rollers can transport or the desired casting speed and / or support and take over or ensure the bending and straightening processes. To ensure the casting speed in a defined manner, the speed at the end of the Continuous casting stand arranged role used here, since the strand is completely solidified.
Die Antriebsenergien über den Gasstrom und die Stranggießrollen sind beliebig aufeinander abstimmbar. In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird der Strang durch den Gasstrom gefördert und durch die Stranggießrollen in seiner Geschwindigkeit auf die Sollgeschwindigkeit abgebremst.The drive energies via the gas flow and the continuous casting rollers are arbitrary tunable. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the Conveyed strand by the gas flow and by the continuous casting rollers at its speed braked to the target speed.
Die Plattensegmente bestehen im wesentlichen aus einem Hohlkörper, durch den ein Kühlmedium vorzugsweise saugend geleitet wird. In den Plattensegmenten ist auf der dem Strang zugeneigten Seite ein Netz von Verteilungsleitungen vorgesehen, durch die ein Gas, z.B. Stickstoff, geleitet wird. Die Verteilungsleitungen sind abschnittsweise miteinander verbunden und über Sammelleitungen an eine Gasförderstation angeschlossen. Die einzelnen Düsenöffnungen der Verteilungsleitungen können unterschiedlich ausgebildet sein. Auch ihre Verteilung wird entsprechend dem Arbeitsaufwand ihres Ortes in der Strangführung angepaßt. So können z.B. die Düsenzahl und/oder die Summe der Düsenöffnungen im Segment über eine metallurgische Länge und Breite funktional verändert sein, um an unterschiedlichen geometrischen Orten bei gleicher Druckversorgung unterschiedliche Arbeiten zu leisten. Diese Verteilung der Düsen im Sinne unterschiedlicher Leistungen bei gleichem Druck, z.B. pro Drucksystem (Segmentplatte, pneumatisches Kissen) kann sowohl quer als auch längs zur Gießrichtung vorliegen. Auch kann ein Segment an unterschiedlichen, voneinander unabhängigen pneumatischen Systemen angeschlossen sein.The plate segments essentially consist of a hollow body through which a Cooling medium is preferably passed suction. In the plate segments is on the a network of distribution lines is provided on the side inclined through the line which is a gas, e.g. Nitrogen. The distribution lines are section by section interconnected and connected to a gas production station via manifolds. The individual nozzle openings of the distribution lines can vary be trained. Their distribution will also be according to the amount of work adapted to their location in the strand guide. For example, the number of nozzles and / or the sum of the nozzle openings in the segment over a metallurgical length and width can be functionally changed to at different geometric locations to do different work with the same pressure supply. This distribution of Nozzles in the sense of different performances at the same pressure, e.g. per printing system (Segment plate, pneumatic cushion) can be used both transversely and lengthways Casting direction is available. Also, a segment can be different from each other independent pneumatic systems.
Weiterhin wird vorgeschlagen, die Düsen oder einen Teil der Düsen einem spitzen Neigungswinkel zur Gießrichtung zu geben, um die Förderung des Stranges zu unterstützen. Diese Unterstützung der Strangförderung stellt die Stranggießgeschwindigkeit sicher und unterstützt und vereinfacht den Arbeitsaufwand der zwischen den Plattensegmenten angeordneten Rollenpaare. Die Plattensegmente haben mindestens im Randbereich einen Abstand zur Strangoberfläche, der eine definierte Leckage des Gases zwischen dem Strang und der mindestens im Randbereich angeordneten Lippe zuläßt. It is also proposed that the nozzles or a part of the nozzles be pointed To give inclination to the casting direction to support the promotion of the strand. This support of the strand conveyance provides the continuous casting speed safe and supports and simplifies the workload between the plate segments arranged pairs of rollers. The plate segments have at least in Edge area a distance from the strand surface, which is a defined leakage of the Gases between the strand and the lip arranged at least in the edge region allows.
Die Plattensegmente sind an Aktuatoren, beispielsweise Kolben-Zylinder-Einheiten, angeschlossen, mit denen die Distanz von Plattensegment und Strang und damit die Gasleckage vorgebbar einstellbar ist.The plate segments are on actuators, for example piston-cylinder units, connected with which the distance of plate segment and strand and thus the Gas leakage can be predetermined.
Die dem Strang zugeneigte Wandung ist in ihrer Ausgestaltung und im Werkstoff in der Weise aufgebaut, daß sie ein Maximum an Strahlungswärme abführen kann. Zum Einsatz kommt hier vorzugsweise Kupfer mit einer relativ geringen Wanddicke, um über das im Kühlkasten des Plattensegmentes angeordnete Kühlwasser die Wärme aufzunehmen.The wall inclined to the strand is in its design and in the material Built in such a way that it can dissipate a maximum of radiant heat. For use here comes preferably copper with a relatively small wall thickness to the cooling water arranged in the cooling box of the plate segment absorb the heat.
In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird die Wanddicke der dem Strang zugeneigten Wandung der Plattensegmente variiert und zwar in der Weise, daß die Dicke zur Plattenhauptachse hin abnimmt. Auch kann die dem Strang zugewandte Wandung des Segmentes mit einer verschleißfesten Schutzschicht, wie z. B. Nickel und/oder Chrom beschichtet sein.In a further embodiment of the invention, the wall thickness of the strand inclined wall of the plate segments varies in such a way that the Thickness decreases towards the main plate axis. The one facing the strand can also Wall of the segment with a wear-resistant protective layer, such as. B. Nickel and / or chrome coated.
In einer Ausgestaltung ist das Plattensegment aus Rohren aufgebaut, die mäanderförmig angeordnet sind und an deren Berührungslinien die Verteilleitungen für die Zufuhr des Gases eingeführt sind. Durch die Rohrleitung besteht die Möglichkeit, Kühlwasser hoher Geschwindigkeit durchzuführen und damit eine möglichst hohe Menge an Strahlungswärme aus dem Strang abzuführen.In one embodiment, the plate segment is constructed from tubes that are meandering are arranged and on the contact lines of the distribution lines for the supply of the gas are introduced. Through the pipeline there is the possibility of cooling water perform at high speed and thus the highest possible amount to dissipate radiant heat from the strand.
Um einen zentrischen Lauf des Stranges sicherzustellen, wird vorgeschlagen, die dem Strang zugeneigte Wandung der Plattensegmente in Förderrichtung des Stranges konkav auszugestalten. Das Maß der Konkavität der Wandung kann dabei an einer konkaven Kokille beginnen und im ersten Segment über alle Segmente der Strangführung reduziert werden, z.B. auf eine geringe Konkavität bzw. plane Oberfläche bis zum Ende des Strangführungsgerüstes, bzw. bis hin zur Durcherstarrung des Stranges. Auf diese Weise kann eine parallele Bramme oder auch eine Bramme mit gewünschtem konkaven Profil erzeugt werden.To ensure a central run of the strand, it is proposed that the Line inclined wall of the plate segments in the conveying direction of the line to be concave. The degree of concavity of the wall can be on one start concave mold and in the first segment over all segments of the strand guide be reduced, e.g. to a low concavity or flat surface up to End of the strand guide scaffold, or up to the solidification of the strand. On in this way a parallel slab or a slab with the desired one concave profile can be created.
Weiterhin kann auch das pneumatische Arbeitsprofil über die Segmentbreite durch beispielsweise unterschiedliche Lochstärken vorgegeben werden. So ist es z.B. vorteilhaft, in der Mitte des Plattensegmentes geringere pneumatische Arbeit aufzubauen, um der Membranwirkung des Stranges in seiner Mitte gerecht zu werden. Am Rand des Stranges, also im Kantenbereich, ist der Strang formfester als in seiner Mitte.Furthermore, the pneumatic working profile can also extend across the segment width For example, different hole thicknesses can be specified. So it is e.g. advantageous, to build up less pneumatic work in the middle of the plate segment, to do justice to the membrane effect of the strand in the middle. On the edge of the strand, i.e. in the edge area, the strand is more dimensionally stable than in the middle.
Außerdem kann bei vorgegebenen Banddicken die eingebrachte pneumatische Arbeit durch Öffnen oder Schließen der Plattensegmente in gleichem Gasdruck verringert oder vergrößert werden, d.h. der Abstand der Plattensegmente zum Strang wird variiert. Dieser pneumatische Arbeitswert kann durch den Abstand der Plattensegmentteile an der Ober- bzw. Unterseite und bei vorgegebener Brammendicke vorgegeben werden.In addition, the pneumatic work introduced can be carried out at given strip thicknesses reduced by opening or closing the plate segments in the same gas pressure or be enlarged, i.e. the distance between the plate segments and the strand is varied. This pneumatic work value can be due to the distance between the plate segment parts specified on the top or bottom and for a given slab thickness become.
Im wesentlichen wird bei der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung der Strang mit einer gewünschten Gießgeschwindigkeit pneumatisch durch die Stranggießmaschine gefördert. Die Motoren der Stranggießrollen übernehmen die Sicherstellung der genauen Soll-Gießgeschwindigkeit durch eine zusätzliche Arbeit, entweder Förderung (Motorbetrieb) oder die Rollen laufen im Generatorbetrieb und bremsen die Bramme auf die gewünschte Soll-Gießgeschwindigkeit. Steigt der Motorstrom über vorgegebene Grenzen hinaus, so wird die Basisgeschwindigkeit pneumatisch korrigiert.Essentially, in the device according to the invention, the strand with a desired The casting speed is conveyed pneumatically by the continuous casting machine. The motors of the continuous casters take care of ensuring the exact Target casting speed through additional work, either promotion (Motor operation) or the rollers run in generator operation and brake the slab to the desired target casting speed. If the motor current rises above the specified one Beyond limits, the base speed is corrected pneumatically.
Durch das vorgeschlagene Verfahren und die Vorrichtung wird erreicht, daß:
- der Strang keine Ausbauchung und damit Deformation herteitet, auch bei hohen Gießgeschwindigkeiten bis zu 10 m/min
- der Strang keine direkte Wasserkühlung benötigt und damit geringste Energieverluste aufweist
- bei Einsatz von inertem Gas die Verzunderung des Stranges vermieden wird
- ein progressives Biegen und Richten mit geringster flächenspezifischer Deformation möglich ist
- ein progressives Gießwalzen und somit eine Reduktion der Dicke des Stranges während seiner Erstarrung möglich ist
- keine drehenden Maschinenelemente vorhanden sind mit dem Vorteil
- dadurch ein geringster Maschinenverschleiß gewährleistet ist, sowie
- eine hohe Gießsicherheit im Vergleich zu den Spritwasser gekühlten sogenannten Grids erzielt wird
- keine mechanischen Grenzen zum Fördern des Stranges auftreten, wie es z.B. bei Stranggießführungsgerüsten aus Rollen und hier besonders bei sehr breiten und schnell gießenden Brammenanlagen insbesondere Dünnbrammenanlagen der Fall ist.
- the strand produces no bulge and thus deformation, even at high casting speeds of up to 10 m / min
- the strand does not require direct water cooling and therefore has the least energy loss
- the scaling of the strand is avoided when using inert gas
- progressive bending and straightening with the smallest surface-specific deformation is possible
- a progressive casting and thus a reduction in the thickness of the strand during its solidification is possible
- there are no rotating machine elements with the advantage
- this ensures the lowest possible machine wear and tear
- a high level of pouring reliability is achieved in comparison to the so-called grids, which are cooled with fuel
- there are no mechanical limits for conveying the strand, as is the case, for example, in continuous casting guide stands made from rollers and here in particular in the case of very wide and fast-pouring slab plants, in particular thin slab plants.
Ein Beispiel der Erfindung ist in der beiliegenden Zeichnung dargelegt. Dabei zeigen die
- Figur 1
- ein Schema der Stranggießeinrichtung
- Figur 2
- einen Schnitt durch die Stranggießeinrichtung
- Figur 3
- Plattensegmente mit konkaver Wandung
- Figur 4
- Plattensegment aus mäanderförmig angeordnetem Rohr
- Figure 1
- a diagram of the continuous caster
- Figure 2
- a section through the continuous caster
- Figure 3
- Plate segments with concave walls
- Figure 4
- Plate segment made of meandering tube
Figur 1 zeigt eine Stranggießeinrichtung mit einem Tundisch 11 aus dem flüssiges
Metall über ein Tauchrohr 13 in eine Kokille 12 geleitet wird. Im vorliegenden Fall handelt
es sich um eine bogenförmige Stranggießanlage zum Erzeugen von Brammen B,
bei der aus der vertikal ausgerichteten Kokille 12 der Strang, mit seiner Strangschale
W den Sumpf S umschließend, ausgefördert wird. Unterhalb der Kokille 12 sind Rollen
21, die durch einen Rollenantrieb 22 angetrieben werden und eine Führung aus Platten
30, die aus einzelnen Plattensegmenten 31 besteht, vorgesehen. Die Plattensegmente
31 sind an der Ober- und Unterseite der Bramme B angeordnet. Zwischen den
einzelnen Plattensegmenten 31 sind die Rollen 21 angeordnet.Figure 1 shows a continuous caster with a
Weiterhin sind die Rollenantriebe 22 mit einer Meß- und Regeleinrichtung 23 verbunden.Furthermore, the roller drives 22 are connected to a measuring and
Die den Strang führenden und antreibenden Rollen 21 und die Plattensegmente 31
sind von einer Einhausung 61 umgeben. Die Einhausung 61 ist über Leitungen 62 für
die Hinführung und Leitungen 63 für die Rückführung eines Gases mit einer Gaskühlanlage
64 und einer Gas-Reinigungsanlage 65 verbunden. In der Gasleitung 62 ist
eine Gasförderstation 49 vorgesehen, durch die über Gassammelleitungen 46 das Gas
zu den einzelnen Plattensegmenten 31 gefördert wird.The
Zur Kühlung der einzelnen Plattensegmente 31 wird das Kühlmedium durch eine
Pumpe 71 über eine Zufuhrleitung 72 abgesaugt, den einzelnen Plattensegmenten 31
zugeführt und über eine Rückfuhrleitung 73 zurückgeführt. To cool the
Die Figur 2 zeigt den Schnitt aa durch die Stranggießeinrichtung mit der Einhausung
61, die die Plattensegmente 31 und die Bramme B umhüllt.FIG. 2 shows the section aa through the continuous casting device with the
Die Plattensegmente 31 sind durch Kolbenzylindereinrichtungen 51 zur Plattendistanzierung
einstellbar befestigt.The
Zu den Plattensegmenten 31 wird ein Kühlmedium über die Leitung 72 zugeführt und
über die Leitung 73 zurückgeführt.A cooling medium is supplied to the
Zur Zuführung des Gases wird über die Sammelleitung 46 und Verteilungsleitungen 45
die Verteilung im Außenbereich, über eine Verteilungsleitung 43 für die Versorgung im
Mittelbereich und ebenfalls Verteilungsleitungen 44 für die Versorgung im Zwischenbereich
Gas über Mündungen 42 in den Zwischenraum zwischen den Plattensegmenten
31 und der Bramme B gefördert. Die Plattensegmente 31 sitzen auf der der Bramme
zugeneigten Seite die Wandung 32, die im Randbereich eine Lippe 34 aufweisen kann.To supply the gas, 45 and
Die Bramme B besitzt die Strangschale W, in der sich ein Sumpf S aus flüssigem Metall befindet.The slab B has the strand shell W in which there is a sump S made of liquid metal located.
Die Figur 3 zeigt einen weiteren Schnitt A-A der Plattensegmente 31, bei der die dem
Strang B zugeneigte Wandung 32 konkav ausgestattet ist. Im oberen Teil des Bildes
ist die Wandung 32 doppelwandig aufgebaut, wobei die dem Strang B unmittelbar zugeordnete
Platte 35 aus einem hochwärmeleitfähigen Material, z. B. Kupfer, aufgebaut
ist. Die Kupferplatte 35 kann dabei mit einer verschleißfesten Schicht 36, beispielsweise
aus Nickel oder Chrom beschichtet sein.Figure 3 shows a further section A-A of the
Im oberen Bereich des Bildes weist die Wandung 32 im Randbereich eine Lippe 34
auf. Die Wanddicke d der Wandung 32 kann dabei vom Mittenbereich zum Randbereich
stärker werdend ausgebildet sein.In the upper area of the image, the
Die Gaszuführung erfolgt über die Verteilungsleitung 43 und Bohrungen 41 zu den
Mündungen 42.The gas is supplied via the
Die Bramme B besitzt die Strangschale W, die den Sumpf S umfließt. Die Bramme B weist im Mittenbereich eine Ausbohrung auf. The slab B has the strand shell W which flows around the sump S. The slab B has a hole in the middle.
In der Figur 4 ist ein Plattensegment 31 dargestellt, das aus einem mäanderförmig
angeordneten Rohr 38 besteht, das mit der Zufuhrleitung 72 und der Rückfuhrleitung
73 verbunden ist. An der Berührungslinie 39 enden die Verteilungsleitungen 43, 44, 45
unmittelbar an der der Bramme B zugeneigten Seite.FIG. 4 shows a
Im unteren Bereich des Bildes ist der Schnitt B-B dargestellt, bei der die Rohre an der
Berührungslinie 39 gasdicht verbunden sind und sich nur bei Durchtritt der
Verteilungsleitungen 43, 44, 45 nicht unmittelbar berühren. Die Mündungen 42 der
Verteilungsleitungen weisen in den Zwischenraum zwischen dem Plattensegment 31
und der Bramme B. In the lower part of the picture, the section B-B is shown, in which the pipes on the
- 1111
- TundischTundish
- 1212th
- KokilleMold
- 1313
- TauchrohrDip tube
- 2121
- Rollerole
- 2222
- RollenantriebRoller drive
- 2323
- Meß- und RegeleinrichtungMeasuring and control device
- 3030th
- Plattenplates
- 3131
- PlattensegmentPlate segment
- 3232
- WandungWall
- 3333
- Kissen MittenbereichCushion center area
- 3434
- Lippe RandbereichLip edge area
- 3535
- KupferplatteCopper plate
- 3636
- Verschleißfeste SchichtWear-resistant layer
- 3838
- mäanderförmig angeordnetes Rohrmeandering tube
- 3939
- BerühungslinieContact line
- 4141
- Bohrungdrilling
- 4242
- Mündungmuzzle
- 4343
- Verteilungsleitung MitteMiddle distribution line
- 4444
- Verteilungsleitung ZwischenDistribution line between
- 4545
- Verteilungsleitung AußenDistribution line outside
- 4646
- Sammelleitung ZufuhrManifold feed
- 4949
- GasförderstationGas production station
- 5151
- Mittel, KolbenzylindereinrichtungMeans, piston cylinder device
- 6161
- EinhausungEnclosure
- 6262
- Leitungen HinLines Hin
- 6363
- Leitungen RückLines back
- 6464
- GaskühlanlageGas cooling system
- 6565
- ReinigungsanlageCleaning system
- 7171
- Pumpepump
- 7272
- ZufuhrleitungSupply line
- 7373
- RückführleitungReturn line
- 7474
- WasserauffangbeckenWater catchment basin
- BB
- BrammeSlab
- SS
- Sumpfswamp
- WW
- StrangschaleStrand shell
- dd
- WanddickeWall thickness
Claims (17)
- A method for guiding strands in a continuously operating continuous casting installation, in particular an installation for producing thin slabs of steel, comprising a mould (11) and a strand guide frame provided with a cooling device, the strand being held in shape, guided in the strand discharge direction and cooled by a gaseous medium,
characterised in that
heat is indirectly extracted from the strand (W,S) after it leaves the mould (11) and in that the gas stream is directed onto the strand surface in such a way that it influences the continuous casting speed, and in that the strand is additionally moved by mechanical means, namely continuous casting rollers (21), at a predeterminable speed in defined manner through the strand frame, wherein the strand is accelerated or braked. - A method according to claim 1,
characterised in that
that the amount and pressure of the gaseous medium may be established in predeterminable manner as a function of shell thickness (d). - A method according to claim 1,
characterised in that
the thickness of the strand (W,S) is reduced at the mould outlet in at least one plate segment (3). - A continuous casting device for producing strands, in particular thin slabs of steel, having a mould (11), adjoined in the casting direction by a strand guide frame, which comprises rollers (21) lying against the strand surface (21) and plates (30) provided with bores, and having components for cooling the strand surface, for carrying out the method according to claim 1, characterised in that the plates (30) are subdivided into segments (31), between which rollers (21) are provided,in that a network of distributing lines (43, 44, 45) is provided in the plate segments (31) on the side facing the strand (B), through which distributing lines (43, 44, 45) a gaseous medium may be supplied,in that the distributing lines (43, 44, 45) are connected together at intervals and are connected via collecting lines (46) to a gas pumping station (49), in that the outlets (42) of the distributing lines (43, 44, 45) are formed at an angle inclined in relation to the conveying direction of the strand (B) in the wall (32) of the plate segment (32) facing the strand (B), in that the wall (32) facing the strand (B) is so constructed, from the point of view of shape and material, that a maximum amount of radiant heat may be dissipated from the strand shell (W), andin that the plate segments (31) are arranged, at least in the edge area (34), at a distance from the strand surface which permits defined leakage of the gaseous medium.
- A continuous casting device according to claim 4,
characterised in that
a wear-resistant layer, e.g. of nickel and/or chromium, is applied to the wall (32) facing the strand (B). - A continuous casting device according to claim 3,
characterised in that
the plate segments (31) consist of pipes (38) arranged in meanders and having a cooling medium flowing through them, the distributing lines (44, 45) being provided at the lines of contact of said pipes (38) perpendicularly to the pipe axis. - A continuous casting device according to claim 4,
characterised in that
means (51) are provided with which the plates may be independently adjusted in their spacing relative to the strand (B). - A continuous casting device according to claim 4,
characterised in that
the plate segments (31) take the form of cushions (33), which comprise a lip (34) in the edge area which influences leakage of the gaseous medium and also heat dissipation from the strand (B). - A continuous casting device according to claim 8,
characterised in that
the thickness (d) of the wall (32) of the plate segments (31) decreases towards the main plate axis. - A continuous casting device according to claim 4,
characterised in that
the wall (32) of the plate segments (31) facing the strand (B) is concave in the conveying direction of the strand (B). - A continuous casting device according to claim 10,
characterised in that
the extent of the concavity of the wall (32) decreases in the conveying direction of the strand (B) and reduces to nothing at the end of the strand guide frame comprising the plate segments (31). - A continuous casting device according to either one of claims 11 or 7,
characterised in that
the means (51) are pneumatic actuators, which are provided at least in the first position of the first plate segment (31) downstream of the mould (12). - A strand guide frame according to claim 4,
characterised in that
the number of distributing lines (43, 44, 45) in the plate segment (31) is modified as a function of metallurgical length, taking into account the membrane effect of the thickness of the strand shell. - A continuous casting device according to claim 4,
characterised in that
the internal diameter of the distributing lines (43, 44, 45) is adapted functionally in the plate segment (31) over its metallurgical length, in order to effect an amount of work which may be predetermined in accordance with its geometric location under uniform pressure supply. - A continuous casting device according to claim 4,
characterised in that
the rollers (21) arranged between the plate segments (31) are connected to a controllable roller drive (22), by means of which the rotational speed and tensile force may be adjusted. - A continuous casting device according to any one of the preceding claims,
characterised in that
the plate segments (31), the rollers (21) and the strand (B) are encased in a housing (61), which is connected to a gas cooling (64) and cleaning installation (65) by means of a duct system (62, 63). - A continuous casting device according to claim 16,
characterised in that
the duct system (62, 63) is so designed that the gas, for example nitrogen, may be recycled to the compressor after cleaning and cooling.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19542180 | 1995-11-03 | ||
| DE19542180A DE19542180C1 (en) | 1995-11-03 | 1995-11-03 | Method and device for guiding strands of a continuous caster |
| PCT/DE1996/002080 WO1997016272A2 (en) | 1995-11-03 | 1996-10-25 | Method and device for guiding cast billets in a continuous casting facility |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0858374A2 EP0858374A2 (en) | 1998-08-19 |
| EP0858374B1 true EP0858374B1 (en) | 1999-11-17 |
Family
ID=7777282
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP96945851A Expired - Lifetime EP0858374B1 (en) | 1995-11-03 | 1996-10-25 | Method and device for guiding cast billets in a continuous casting facility |
Country Status (17)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20010047857A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0858374B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP3130051B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100314994B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1081499C (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE186664T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU711139B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9611287A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2236584A1 (en) |
| CZ (1) | CZ136898A3 (en) |
| DE (3) | DE19542180C1 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX9803433A (en) |
| PL (1) | PL181817B1 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2147262C1 (en) |
| TR (1) | TR199800775T2 (en) |
| UA (1) | UA43431C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1997016272A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT406026B (en) * | 1998-03-25 | 2000-01-25 | Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen | CONTINUOUS CASTING MACHINE FOR CONTINUOUSLY CASTING A THIN STRAP AND METHOD THEREFOR |
| DE10106252A1 (en) * | 2001-02-10 | 2002-08-14 | Sms Demag Ag | Continuous routing of a continuous caster as well as setting procedures for its roller segments |
| TW200929601A (en) | 2007-12-26 | 2009-07-01 | Epistar Corp | Semiconductor device |
| PL2543454T3 (en) * | 2011-07-08 | 2020-02-28 | Primetals Technologies Germany Gmbh | Process and apparatus for the manufacturing of long steel products in a continuous casting |
| DE102017209731A1 (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2018-12-13 | Sms Group Gmbh | Air cooling in continuous casting plants |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2153152A1 (en) * | 1971-09-21 | 1973-05-04 | Creusot Loire | Continuous casting curved cooling guide - improves casting quality by supporting it on pressurised fluid and rollers |
| US3773099A (en) * | 1971-11-18 | 1973-11-20 | I Rossi | Continuous casting of strands using thermal stress reinforcement |
| AU457394B2 (en) * | 1972-12-11 | 1975-01-07 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Process and apparatus for continuous casting of metal strands |
| US3923093A (en) * | 1974-05-16 | 1975-12-02 | Armco Steel Corp | Universal continuous casting apparatus |
| FR2364718A1 (en) * | 1976-09-17 | 1978-04-14 | Clesid Sa | Secondary cooling device for continuous casting installation - has plates supplied with cooling fluid |
| FR2534166A1 (en) * | 1982-10-08 | 1984-04-13 | Clecim Sa | INSTALLATION OF CONTINUOUS CASTING OF STEEL |
-
1995
- 1995-11-03 DE DE19542180A patent/DE19542180C1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1996
- 1996-10-25 EP EP96945851A patent/EP0858374B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-10-25 CA CA002236584A patent/CA2236584A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-10-25 WO PCT/DE1996/002080 patent/WO1997016272A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-10-25 JP JP09516985A patent/JP3130051B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-10-25 UA UA98042248A patent/UA43431C2/en unknown
- 1996-10-25 CN CN96198089A patent/CN1081499C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-10-25 BR BR9611287-5A patent/BR9611287A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-10-25 PL PL96326384A patent/PL181817B1/en unknown
- 1996-10-25 DE DE19680926T patent/DE19680926D2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-10-25 AU AU17173/97A patent/AU711139B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-10-25 DE DE59603687T patent/DE59603687D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-10-25 KR KR1019980703246A patent/KR100314994B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-10-25 CZ CZ981368A patent/CZ136898A3/en unknown
- 1996-10-25 TR TR1998/00775T patent/TR199800775T2/en unknown
- 1996-10-25 AT AT96945851T patent/ATE186664T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-10-25 US US09/068,176 patent/US20010047857A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-10-25 RU RU98110459A patent/RU2147262C1/en active
-
1998
- 1998-04-30 MX MX9803433A patent/MX9803433A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| PL326384A1 (en) | 1998-09-14 |
| MX9803433A (en) | 1998-09-30 |
| KR100314994B1 (en) | 2002-02-28 |
| EP0858374A2 (en) | 1998-08-19 |
| BR9611287A (en) | 1999-09-28 |
| CN1081499C (en) | 2002-03-27 |
| AU711139B2 (en) | 1999-10-07 |
| RU2147262C1 (en) | 2000-04-10 |
| JPH11504865A (en) | 1999-05-11 |
| CA2236584A1 (en) | 1997-05-09 |
| JP3130051B2 (en) | 2001-01-31 |
| CN1201412A (en) | 1998-12-09 |
| KR19990067275A (en) | 1999-08-16 |
| ATE186664T1 (en) | 1999-12-15 |
| UA43431C2 (en) | 2001-12-17 |
| WO1997016272A2 (en) | 1997-05-09 |
| PL181817B1 (en) | 2001-09-28 |
| CZ136898A3 (en) | 1998-10-14 |
| DE19542180C1 (en) | 1997-04-03 |
| DE59603687D1 (en) | 1999-12-23 |
| TR199800775T2 (en) | 1998-07-21 |
| AU1717397A (en) | 1997-05-22 |
| WO1997016272A3 (en) | 1997-10-23 |
| US20010047857A1 (en) | 2001-12-06 |
| DE19680926D2 (en) | 1999-03-11 |
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