EP0857822A1 - Moule à aspiration et perméable aux liquides destiné à la fabrication d'objets en pulpe, et procédé de fabrication de ce moule - Google Patents

Moule à aspiration et perméable aux liquides destiné à la fabrication d'objets en pulpe, et procédé de fabrication de ce moule Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0857822A1
EP0857822A1 EP97101959A EP97101959A EP0857822A1 EP 0857822 A1 EP0857822 A1 EP 0857822A1 EP 97101959 A EP97101959 A EP 97101959A EP 97101959 A EP97101959 A EP 97101959A EP 0857822 A1 EP0857822 A1 EP 0857822A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mould
ducts
suction
openings
figures
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP97101959A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Torben Rasmussen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Brodrene Hartmann AS
Original Assignee
Brodrene Hartmann AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Brodrene Hartmann AS filed Critical Brodrene Hartmann AS
Priority to EP97101959A priority Critical patent/EP0857822A1/fr
Priority to EP98901331A priority patent/EP1015696B1/fr
Priority to DE69808321T priority patent/DE69808321T2/de
Priority to PCT/DK1998/000050 priority patent/WO1998035097A1/fr
Priority to AU57498/98A priority patent/AU5749898A/en
Publication of EP0857822A1 publication Critical patent/EP0857822A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21J—FIBREBOARD; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM CELLULOSIC FIBROUS SUSPENSIONS OR FROM PAPIER-MACHE
    • D21J5/00—Manufacture of hollow articles by transferring sheets, produced from fibres suspensions or papier-mâché by suction on wire-net moulds, to couch-moulds

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a liquid-permeable suction mould for use in making thin-walled articles by sucking a slurry of fibre pulp against a perforate mould surface having a shape corresponding to that of the articles to be made, said mould having through-going ducts extending from openings in said mould surface being so dimensioned as to allow passage of the liquid, but not the fibres in said slurry, to openings in an oppositely located mounting surface, adapted to have suction applied to it in order to produce said pulp article.
  • the conventionally used complicated three-dimensional suction moulds have until now been manufactured by dividing the mould into a generally plane base part and a greater number of smaller spatial shape elements, the latter together constituting a shape-giving part to be placed on said base part.
  • All the shape elements are normally and advantageously made from a metal or a plastic material and are covered with an ordinary wire gauze, e.g. a 50 mesh gauze of stainless steel having wires approx. 0.3 mm thick and openings measuring approx. 0.3 mm.
  • wire gauze e.g. a 50 mesh gauze of stainless steel having wires approx. 0.3 mm thick and openings measuring approx. 0.3 mm.
  • Only the process of covering the shape elements with wire gauze is extremely demanding in terms of cost and resources, because it is carried out manually, i.e. one will start off with a plain wire gauze, which is cut and shaped to the three-dimensional shape desired and welded.
  • the shape-giving part will also comprise a great number of drain holes for the liquid
  • the suction mould functions as a filter, on which fibres from the pulp are deposited to form a shell-shaped pulp article, and the moulds are used in the conventional manner in connection with making such pulp objects.
  • the fibre-containing dispersion is sucked onto the mould surface (the surface of the gauze) on the suction mould by subjecting the mould to a vacuum and sucking a part (approximately 25%) of the liquid phase from the dispersion through the gauze and the mould surface towards the opposite side of the mould, so that the fibres in the fibre-containing dispersion are deposited on the surface of the wire gauze.
  • the next step comprises compressing the pulp object gently between the suction mould and a transfer mould.
  • the vacuum can be replaced by a gentle blast of compressed air in such a manner that the shell-shaped pulp object is loosened from the suction mould and transferred to the transfer mould, provided that a vacuum is applied to the latter at the same time.
  • the articles are transferred by means of the transfer mould to a conveying system conveying the articles through a drying oven, after which the total liquid content in the pulp object will be approximately 8%.
  • a substantial advantage of using suction moulds with a wire gauze covering the shape-giving part is to be found in the fact that this gauze contributes towards the fibre slurry being sucked fairly evenly distributed across the surface of the gauze, since the vacuum being applied will to a great extent be uniformly distributed throughout the space existing between the rear side of the gauze and the surface of the shape-giving part.
  • the existing suction moulds provided with wire gauze exhibit excellent suction-moulding characteristics.
  • moulds such as e.g. sand or particle moulds
  • the mould material is normally constituted by a material, which in the initial state is in the form of loose particles, such as e.g. sand, quartz-containing material, aluminium powder and the like.
  • loose particles such as e.g. sand, quartz-containing material, aluminium powder and the like.
  • moulds are made by placing a replica of the object to be manufactured in a mould box, after which the mould material is poured onto the replica with the smallest particles first, after which the larger particles are poured in until the mould box is full.
  • the most common methods for solidifying the mould material are to cause the individual particles to be wedged together or to add a binder to the mould material before pouring it into the mould box, after which it is allowed to set, normally requiring approximately 24 hours.
  • a substantial disadvantage with these types of moulds is, however, that they can relatively quickly be clogged in their internal structure and can only be purged to a limited extent because of the special structure with particles having a relatively low mechanical strength.
  • GB-A-2,283,966 and GB-A-2,284,380 Bowater Plc.
  • the latter describes with reference to its Figure 11 a mould made by supporting a mesh (22) on a shaped support (20)
  • mould of the type described initially according to the present invention further being characterized in that the mould is a one-piece element with a thickness as measured between said mould surface and said mounting surface sufficient to give ability to said element as such the requisite mechanical strength and withstand the forces created by the greatest difference in pressure between said two surfaces.
  • the mould As such as a one-piece structure that can be produced in a uniform manner and hence also within very small dimensional tolerances. To this must be added a hitherto unknown high quality in the suction-moulding characteristics, an extremely uniform and even suction being achieved, this again meaning that the pulp articles can be manufactured with smaller variations in size than has been possible to achieve with the conventional moulds.
  • the ducts in the coherent body are continuous and preferably open at two ends but are not necessarily connected to each other, e.g. they form individual through-going passages that may be connected to the device for applying vacuum, possibly also pressure.
  • the one-piece mould element has approximately the same thickness over its entire surface as measured between said mould surface and said mounting surface, the flow resistance can be made substantially equal for all points on the mould surface.
  • the one-piece mould element has sections with greater thickness for reinforcing said sections of the mould, it is possible to make moulds with a large surface area while retaining the requisite mechanical strength needed to withstand the pressure difference.
  • the one-piece mould element has stiffening ribs near the mounting surface, it is possible to achieve the requisite mechanical strength while retaining the possibility of influencing the flow resistance pattern.
  • said ducts extend substantially mutually parallel, it is possible to achieve a simple build-up of the coherent body, making it possible to manufacture the latter in a simple manner.
  • said ducts extend substantially at right angles from said mould surface, it is achieved that the risk of fibres passing through is reduced.
  • the mould comprises at least two regions, of which first regions bordering on the mould surface comprise ducts, while second regions not bordering on the mould surface comprise reinforcement ribs extending from said first regions to said mounting surface, it is possible to obtain an integrated mould with which it is possible to achieve a flow distribution providing the required thickness distribution in the pulp product being made using the mould.
  • the material used for manufacturing the mould is constituted by a metal or a plastic material, preferably the same material for all regions of the body, it is possible to manufacture the mould in a material that is suitable in connection with the production of so-called RPT patterns (Rapid Prototyping Techniques), including the use of SLA technology (Stereo Lithographic Applications), a method comprising building a three-dimensional pattern layer by layer and using irradiation to make a part of a liquid material set while the material is contained in a tank or the like.
  • RPT patterns Rapid Prototyping Techniques
  • SLA technology Stepo Lithographic Applications
  • the ducts extending from the mould surface at least at the mould surface have transverse dimensions of between 0.2 and 2 mm and are spaced from each other at distances of between 0.1 and 0.8 mm, it is achieved that each of the parts, in which these ducts are formed, comprises a mechanically stable body having almost the same strength as a compact body of the same overall shape.
  • the openings in the mould surface, from which the ducts extend have a total cross-sectional area of 10-80%, preferably approximately 50% of the corresponding total mould-surface area, it is possible to achieve a hitherto unknown de-watering speed, i.e. if desired, the period of pulp deposition can be reduced substantially.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a suction mould according to the invention, and this method is characterized by the use of a material, preferably a settable material, that can be built up layer by layer by causing successive layers to set according to a predetermined pattern in such a manner that the layers co-operate to form a mould having the desired shape including said ducts, and then removing the un-set material.
  • a material preferably a settable material
  • a material preferably a settable material
  • a suitable method for use when making such a three-dimensional object is the so-called SLA technology (Stereo Lithographic Application), e.g. of the type disclosed in US-A-5,071,337.
  • SLA technology Stepo Lithographic Application
  • a mould manufactured by using this technology will be dimensionally highly stable and hence simple to reproduce in a number of exactly equal copies, making it possible to manufacture thin-walled pulp objects of a quality hitherto unseen.
  • the time of manufacture for such a suction mould produced using the SLA technology may be reduced considerably relative to the time of manufacture for a conventionally constructed suction mould with wire gauze, constituting up to several weeks.
  • the thin-walled article is designed by using a conventional computer-aided-design programme for automatic data processing, and that the basic data thereby provided are converted to a set of complementary basic data for use in connection with manufacturing the mould with ducts in a suitable manufacturing apparatus, it is possible to use the set of basic data in connection with the forming of at least parts of the suction mould in a suitable manufacturing apparatus of the type referred to above.
  • Figures 1-1b show an example of a suction mould 1 with a cellular mould 2.
  • the reference number 3 indicates a conventionally used mounting surface, upon which the suction mould 1 can be placed and which communicates with a suction and pressure chamber device, respectively (not shown).
  • the integrated mould 1 shown is made from the same material throughout and comprises material elements 2', connected to each other so as to form a great number of through-going suction ducts 2''.
  • these suction ducts 2'' extend parallel to each other, opening at one end to the mounting surface 3 and at the other end at the surface of the mould 1, i.e. the surface, upon which the fibre pulp is to be deposited.
  • Figures 1a and 1b show at an enlarged scale a segment of the suction mould 1 shown in Figure 1.
  • the suction ducts have a square cross-sectional shape, for which reason the material elements 2', forming together a coherent mould structure, can have a width M 3 of 0.1-2 mm, a thickness M 1 of 0.2-2.0 mm and a total length M 2 of e.g. 1.0-100.0 mm, preferably 1.0-20.0 mm.
  • Figures 2-2b show a second exemplary embodiment of a suction mould 1 according to the invention.
  • the mould shown is similar to the one described above, but differs from it by comprising two distinct structures, viz. a mould-surface structure 4 and a backing structure 5. It should be noted, however, that the two structures 4 and 5 are integral parts of the common coherent body constituting the mould 1.
  • Figures 2a and 2b again show square-shaped suction ducts like those in the example of Figure 1a.
  • the ducts 4'' have width dimensions S 1 , S 2 of approximately 0.2-2.0 mm and a length N a of approximately 1.0-20 mm in the region of the mould constituting the cellular structure 4.
  • a special feature of this exemplary embodiment is that reinforcement ribs are arranged in the backing structure 5 with suction ducts 5'', the latter then opening towards the mounting surface.
  • the width dimensions of the suction ducts 5'' become S a , S b , while the length normally becomes (M 2 -N a ), in which M 2 is the total height of the mould and N a is the height (length) of the mould-surface structure 4.
  • Figure 3 shows an exemplary embodiment, that can be regarded as derived from that shown in Figure 2 by removing the latter's backing structure 5.
  • the requisite mechanical strength may be provided by shaping the mounting surface (cf. 3 in Figure 1) so as to fit snugly and support the lower side of the mould-surface structure 4, or by making the latter from such a material, such a thickness and such dimensions of the ducts 4'', that it is self-supporting.
  • the suction mould 1 can be provided with a mould-surface structure 6 and a backing structure 7, in which especially the suction ducts 6'' in the mould-surface structure 6 exhibit a special feature, as one end of them, opening towards the pulp object to be manufactured at the surface of the structure, extends substantially at right angles to the mould surface at any given point on the mould 1.
  • the suction holes in the surface of the mould will have the smallest possible extent, thus reducing the proportion of fibres being sucked into the ducts.
  • the invention can be used to form any kind of three-dimensional mould, in Figure 2b exemplified in the form of a body 8 with suction ducts 8'' and having steep side surfaces.
  • a skilled person can, of course, choose cross-sectional shapes with different geometries, such as oval, rectangular, triangular, hexagonal etc., and as shown in Figure 7, each duct may be "sub-divided" into a number of different cross-sectional shapes.
  • Figures 6 and 6a show an embodiment, in which the ducts extend in three directions at right angles to each other.
  • This embodiment could be realized by first making a block having such sets of ducts throughout its volume, after which the block would be machined to remove surplus material, e.g. leaving a mould like the one shown in these Figures, although it is preferred to use a computer-based method of material deposition.
  • Figure 8 illustrates the possibility of using automatic data processing to provide a mould with ducts of a desired shape.
  • a computer programme representing the mould surface in three spatial dimensions is combined with a mesh programme, so that a mesh of suction openings will be provided in the mould surface, continuing into suction ducts extending through the mould-surface structure.
  • the combined programme can be used to control a computer-controlled processing machine to make moulds with suction openings in the form of regular triangles or other polygons, continuing into suction ducts extending at any desired angle, including a right angle, from the mould surface.
  • Figure 9 shows an example of a mould, in which the ducts in the steep sides have relatively small transverse dimensions, e.g. 0.2 mm, whereas the ducts in the top and base parts have relatively larger transverse dimensions, e.g. 0.5 mm.
  • the ratio may be as high as 1:10.
  • Figures 10 and 10a show an example of a mould, in which parallel groups of ducts extend in two directions forming an angle with each other and forming angles with the base of the mould differing from 90°.
  • the two groups may be mutually offset so as to avoid the various ducts intersecting each other, and the various ducts may have different transverse dimensions.
  • Such a mould could also be manufactured in the manner indicated above with reference to Figures 6 and 6a, although in this case also, the method of using computer-based deposition referred to above is preferred.
  • Figure 11 illustrates the possibility of encoding the co-ordinates for the openings desired in the mould surface by using a computer programming for a five-axes machining or processing programme.
  • the co-ordinates have been determined, the normal is raised, at the same time indicating the direction of the ducts at right angles to the mould-surface.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
EP97101959A 1997-02-07 1997-02-07 Moule à aspiration et perméable aux liquides destiné à la fabrication d'objets en pulpe, et procédé de fabrication de ce moule Withdrawn EP0857822A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP97101959A EP0857822A1 (fr) 1997-02-07 1997-02-07 Moule à aspiration et perméable aux liquides destiné à la fabrication d'objets en pulpe, et procédé de fabrication de ce moule
EP98901331A EP1015696B1 (fr) 1997-02-07 1998-02-09 Procede de fabrication d'un moule a aspiration permeable aux liquides utilisable a la production d'articles en pate et moule obtenu grace a ce procede
DE69808321T DE69808321T2 (de) 1997-02-07 1998-02-09 Verfahren zur herstellung einer flüssigkeitsdurchlässigen saugform für formkörper aus faserstoff und nach diesem verfahren hergestellte form.
PCT/DK1998/000050 WO1998035097A1 (fr) 1997-02-07 1998-02-09 Procede de fabrication d'un moule a aspiration permeable aux liquides utilisable a la production d'articles en pate et moule obtenu grace a ce procede
AU57498/98A AU5749898A (en) 1997-02-07 1998-02-09 Method of manufacturing a liquid-permeable suction mould for use in making articles of pulp, and mould made by carrying out the method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP97101959A EP0857822A1 (fr) 1997-02-07 1997-02-07 Moule à aspiration et perméable aux liquides destiné à la fabrication d'objets en pulpe, et procédé de fabrication de ce moule

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0857822A1 true EP0857822A1 (fr) 1998-08-12

Family

ID=8226445

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97101959A Withdrawn EP0857822A1 (fr) 1997-02-07 1997-02-07 Moule à aspiration et perméable aux liquides destiné à la fabrication d'objets en pulpe, et procédé de fabrication de ce moule
EP98901331A Expired - Lifetime EP1015696B1 (fr) 1997-02-07 1998-02-09 Procede de fabrication d'un moule a aspiration permeable aux liquides utilisable a la production d'articles en pate et moule obtenu grace a ce procede

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98901331A Expired - Lifetime EP1015696B1 (fr) 1997-02-07 1998-02-09 Procede de fabrication d'un moule a aspiration permeable aux liquides utilisable a la production d'articles en pate et moule obtenu grace a ce procede

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (2) EP0857822A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU5749898A (fr)
DE (1) DE69808321T2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998035097A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2456502A (en) * 2007-11-17 2009-07-22 3T Rpd Ltd A permeable shaping tool, a method of shaping and of handling an article

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9932710B2 (en) * 2014-12-12 2018-04-03 Golden Arrow Printing Co., Ltd. Porous metal mold for wet pulp molding process and method of using the same
DE102017219812B4 (de) 2017-11-08 2019-08-14 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Formwerkzeug
CN112626929B (zh) * 2018-11-27 2022-10-04 永发（江苏）模塑包装科技有限公司 一种吸浆均匀的纸浆模塑吸浆模具及用途
DE102019120854B4 (de) * 2019-08-01 2021-10-14 PAPACKS SALES GmbH Herstellungsverfahren und -vorrichtung sowie gemäß dem Herstellungsverfahren hergestellter Faserguss-Becher
JP7160444B2 (ja) * 2020-10-28 2022-10-25 セルワイズ・エービー 工具または工具部品、工具または工具部品を含む装置、工具または工具部品の製造方法、およびパルプスラリーから製品を成形する方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2264146A (en) * 1937-07-27 1941-11-25 Crane Newton Method of making perforated molds
DE1258586B (de) * 1959-04-02 1968-01-11 Tschira & Cie Ges Mit Beschrae Verfahren zum Herstellen des formgebenden poroesen Filterelements von Saugformen fuer die Produktion von Faserguss-Formlingen auf Nassformmaschinen
EP0559491A1 (fr) * 1992-03-06 1993-09-08 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Moule pour le moulage de corps fibreux, procédé et appareil
GB2283966A (en) * 1993-11-09 1995-05-24 Bowater Plc Pulp mouldings
EP0719894A2 (fr) * 1994-12-27 1996-07-03 Sintokogio, Ltd. Moule pour le moulage de corps fibreux

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2264146A (en) * 1937-07-27 1941-11-25 Crane Newton Method of making perforated molds
DE1258586B (de) * 1959-04-02 1968-01-11 Tschira & Cie Ges Mit Beschrae Verfahren zum Herstellen des formgebenden poroesen Filterelements von Saugformen fuer die Produktion von Faserguss-Formlingen auf Nassformmaschinen
EP0559491A1 (fr) * 1992-03-06 1993-09-08 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Moule pour le moulage de corps fibreux, procédé et appareil
GB2283966A (en) * 1993-11-09 1995-05-24 Bowater Plc Pulp mouldings
EP0719894A2 (fr) * 1994-12-27 1996-07-03 Sintokogio, Ltd. Moule pour le moulage de corps fibreux

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2456502A (en) * 2007-11-17 2009-07-22 3T Rpd Ltd A permeable shaping tool, a method of shaping and of handling an article

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69808321T2 (de) 2003-05-22
EP1015696B1 (fr) 2002-09-25
WO1998035097A1 (fr) 1998-08-13
DE69808321D1 (de) 2002-10-31
EP1015696A1 (fr) 2000-07-05
AU5749898A (en) 1998-08-26

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
KR100815299B1 (ko) 일체형 스크린을 갖춘 몰드, 이의 제조 방법 및 이를사용하기 위한 장치와 방법
US8246784B2 (en) Pulp mould and use of pulp mould
JP3173706B2 (ja) パルプモ−ルド成形用型
JP2836801B2 (ja) 繊維成形物の抄造型、抄造方法及び抄造装置、並びに抄造された繊維成形物
EP0857822A1 (fr) Moule à aspiration et perméable aux liquides destiné à la fabrication d'objets en pulpe, et procédé de fabrication de ce moule
EP0865348B1 (fr) Procede de fabrication d'un objet tridimensionnel
WO1990000944A1 (fr) Moule et procede de production d'objets moules a partir d'une matiere fluidifiee
JPH09141386A (ja) 砂鋳型の積層造形方法及びこれを用いた鋳物製造方法
EP0731214A2 (fr) Objets moulés en pâte à papier
WO1993017183A1 (fr) Equipement pour la fabrication d'articles en fibre vegetale, et moule a aspiration destine a cet equipement
JPH08218300A (ja) パルプモ−ルド成形用型
WO2022220811A1 (fr) Articles poreux formés de fibres moulées
GB2331040A (en) Porous mould for forming fibre products
CA2001294A1 (fr) Moule et methode de fabrication d'objets moules en plastique
US6153312A (en) Apparatus and methods for economically fabricating molded refractory articles using refractory mix displacing elements
EP0494742A1 (fr) Filtres
JPH05247900A (ja) パルプ類を原料とする包装用緩衝材の製造方法
WO2023282893A1 (fr) Structures d'écoulement d'outil de moulage de fibres
WO2023063975A1 (fr) Articles filtrants à motifs de rugosité
CN114286727A (zh) 用于生产铸模的方法和使用所述方法生产的铸模
JPH068225A (ja) セメント製品の凹凸模様付け方法及びその金型
JPH06306800A (ja) パルプモールド用型
JP2001150490A (ja) 三次元物品作成方法
ATE159556T1 (de) Saugform zur herstellung von formkörpern aus faserbrei, sowie verfahren zur herstellung einer solchen form
JPH0564838A (ja) 真空成形用モールド

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): DE DK ES FR GB IT NL

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN WITHDRAWN

18W Application withdrawn

Withdrawal date: 19980929