EP1015696A1 - Procede de fabrication d'un moule a aspiration permeable aux liquides utilisable a la production d'articles en pate et moule obtenu grace a ce procede - Google Patents

Procede de fabrication d'un moule a aspiration permeable aux liquides utilisable a la production d'articles en pate et moule obtenu grace a ce procede

Info

Publication number
EP1015696A1
EP1015696A1 EP98901331A EP98901331A EP1015696A1 EP 1015696 A1 EP1015696 A1 EP 1015696A1 EP 98901331 A EP98901331 A EP 98901331A EP 98901331 A EP98901331 A EP 98901331A EP 1015696 A1 EP1015696 A1 EP 1015696A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mould
ducts
suction
figures
openings
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP98901331A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1015696B1 (fr
Inventor
Torben Rasmussen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Brodrene Hartmann AS
Original Assignee
Brodrene Hartmann AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Brodrene Hartmann AS filed Critical Brodrene Hartmann AS
Priority to EP98901331A priority Critical patent/EP1015696B1/fr
Publication of EP1015696A1 publication Critical patent/EP1015696A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1015696B1 publication Critical patent/EP1015696B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21J—FIBREBOARD; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM CELLULOSIC FIBROUS SUSPENSIONS OR FROM PAPIER-MACHE
    • D21J5/00—Manufacture of hollow articles by transferring sheets, produced from fibres suspensions or papier-mâché by suction on wire-net moulds, to couch-moulds

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a liquid-permeable suction mould, said method being of the kind set forth in the preamble of claim I.
  • the conventionally used complicated three-dimensional suction moulds have until now been manufactured by dividing the mould into a generally plane base part and a greater number of smaller spatial shape elements, the latter together constituting a shape-giving part to be placed on said base part.
  • All the shape elements are normally and advantageously made from a metal or a plastic material and are covered with an ordinary wire gauze, e.g. a 50 mesh gauze of stainless steel having wires approx. 0.3 mm thick and openings measuring approx. 0.3 mm.
  • wire gauze e.g. a 50 mesh gauze of stainless steel having wires approx. 0.3 mm thick and openings measuring approx. 0.3 mm.
  • Only the process of covering the shape - elements with wire gauze is extremely demanding in terms of cost and resources, because it is carried out manually, i.e. one will start off with a plain wire gauze, which is cut and shaped to the three-dimensional shape desired and welded.
  • the shape-giving part will also comprise a great number of drain holes for
  • the suction mould functions as a filter, on which fibres from the pulp are deposited to form a shell-shaped pulp article, and the moulds are used in the conventional manner in connection with making such pulp objects.
  • the fibre-containing dispersion is sucked onto the mould surface (the surface of the gauze) on the suction mould by subjecting the mould to a vacuum and sucking a part (approximately 25%) of the liquid phase from the dispersion through the gauze and the mould surface towards the opposite side of the mould, so that the fibres in the fibre- containing dispersion are deposited on the surface of the wire gauze.
  • the next step comprises compressing the pulp object gently between the suction mould and a transfer mould.
  • the vacuum can be replaced by a gentle blast of compressed air in such a manner that the shell-shaped pulp object is loosened from the suction mould and transferred to the transfer mould, provided that a vacuum is applied to the latter at the same time.
  • the articles are transferred by means of the transfer mould to a conveying system conveying the articles through a drying oven, after which the total liquid content in the pulp object will be approximately 8%.
  • suction moulds with a wire gauze covering the shape- giving part contributes towards the fibre slurry being sucked fairly evenly distributed across the surface of the gauze, since the vacuum being applied will to a great extent be uniformly distributed throughout the space existing between the rear side of the gauze and the surface of the shape-giving part.
  • the existing suction moulds provided with wire gauze exhibit excellent suction- moulding characteristics.
  • moulds such as e.g. sand or particle moulds
  • the mould material is normally constituted by a material, which in the initial state is in the form of loose particles, such as e.g. sand, quartz-containing material, aluminium powder and the like.
  • loose particles such as e.g. sand, quartz-containing material, aluminium powder and the like.
  • moulds are made by placing a replica of the object to be manufactured in a mould box, after which the mould material is poured onto the replica with the smallest particles first, after which the larger particles are poured in until the mould box is full.
  • the most common methods for solidifying the mould material are to cause the individual particles to be wedged together or to add a binder to the mould material before pouring it into the mould box, after which it is allowed to set, normally requiring approximately 24 hours.
  • a substantial disadvantage with these types of moulds is, however, that they can relatively quickly be clogged in their internal structure and can only be purged to a limited extent because of the special structure with particles having a relatively low mechanical strength.
  • GB-A-2,283,966 and GB-A- 2,284,380 Bowater Pic.
  • the latter describes with reference to its Figure 11 a mould made by supporting a mesh (22) on a shaped support (20)
  • SLA Stereo Lithographic Application
  • These moulds do, however, tend to suffer from the drawbacks referred to in connection with the sand or particle moulds described above, such as low mechanical strength making it difficult to purge the mould without causing damage to it. Further, their manufacture is relatively complicated and time-consuming.
  • the mould As such as a one-piece structure that can be produced in a uniform manner and hence also within very small dimensional tolerances. To this must be added a hitherto unknown high quality in the suction-moulding characteristics, an extremely uniform and even suction being achieved, this again meaning that the pulp articles can be manufactured with smaller variations in size than has been possible to achieve with the conventional moulds.
  • the ducts in the coherent body are continuous and preferably open at two ends but are not necessarily connected to each other, e.g. they form individual through-going passages that may be connected to the device for applying vacuum, possibly also pressure.
  • One way of carrying out the method according to the invention would be to use a settable plastic material, that can be made to set by means of irradiation and by irradiating said material while controlling the irradiation in space and time so as to make the material set layer by layer.
  • the irradiation can e.g. be carried out by means of a laser beam, ultraviolet radiation or infrared radiation.
  • a suitable method for use when making such a three-dimensional object is the so-called SLA technology (Stereo Lithographic Application), e.g. of the type disclosed in US-A-5,071 ,337.
  • a mould manufactured by using this technology will be dimensionally highly stable and hence simple to repro- cute in a number of exactly equal copies, making it possible to manufacture thin-walied pulp objects of a quality hitherto unseen.
  • the time of manufacture for such a suction mould produced using the SLA technology may be reduced considerably relative to the time of manufacture for a conventionally constructed suction mould with wire gauze, constituting up to several weeks.
  • the present invention also relates to a mould produced by carrying out the method of the invention, and this mould exhibits the features set forth in the characterizing clause of claim 8.
  • the flow resistance can be made substantially equal for all points on the mould surface.
  • Claim 11 indicates a preferred interval for the minimum value of said thickness, so as to ensure that the mould has the requisite strength to withstand the pressure differences encountered in use for suction moulding.
  • each of the parts, in which these ducts are formed will comprise a mechanically stable body having almost the same strength as a compact body of the same overall shape.
  • Figure 1 is a diagrammatic sectional elevation of an exemplary embodiment of a suction mould manufactured according to the invention
  • FIGS 1a and 1 b are partial views in perspective of the suction mould of Figure 1 , Figure 2 in the same manner as Figure 1 shows a second exemplary embodiment of a suction mould according to the invention
  • FIGS 2a and 2b are partial views in perspective of the suction mould of Figure 2
  • Figures 3-5 in the same manner as Figures 1 and 2 show further exemplary embodiments of a suction mould according to the invention
  • Figures 3a-6a are partial view in perspective of the suction mould of Figures 3-6, re- spectively,
  • Figure 7 diagrammatically shows various cross-sectional geometries for the suction ducts in a suction mould according to the invention.
  • Figures 1 -1 b show an example of a suction mould 1 with a cellular mould 2.
  • the reference number 3 indicates a conventionally used mounting surface, upon which the suction mould 1 can be placed and which communicates with a suction and pressure chamber device, respectively (not shown).
  • the integrated mould 1 shown is made from the same material throughout and comprises material elements 2', connected to each other so as to form a great number of through- going suction ducts 2".
  • these suction ducts 2" extend parallel to each other, opening at one end to the mounting surface 3 and at the other end at the surface of the mould 1 , i.e. the surface, upon which the fibre pulp is to be deposited.
  • Figures 1a and 1b show at an enlarged scale a segment of the suction mould 1 shown in Figure 1.
  • the suction ducts have a square cross-sectional shape, for which reason the material elements 2', forming together a coherent mould structure, can have a width M3 of 0.1-2 mm, a thickness M-
  • Figures 2-2b show a second exemplary embodiment of a suction mould 1 according to the invention.
  • the mould shown is similar to the one described above, but differs from it by comprising two distinct structures, viz. a mould-surface structure 4 and a backing structure 5. It should be noted, however, that the two structures 4 and 5 are integral parts of the common coherent body constituting the mould 1.
  • Figures 2a and 2b again show square-shaped suction ducts like those in the example of Figure 1a. As shown, the ducts 4" have width dimensions S-j , S2 of approximately 0.1-
  • a special feature of this exemplary embodiment is that reinforcement ribs are arranged in the backing structure 5 with suction ducts 5", the latter then opening towards the- mounting surface.
  • the width dimensions of the suction ducts 5" become S a , S5, while the length normally becomes (M2-N a ), in which M2 is the total height of the mould and N a is the height (length) of the mould-surface structure 4.
  • Figure 3 shows an exemplary embodiment, that can be regarded as derived from that shown in Figure 2 by removing the latter's backing structure 5.
  • the requisite mechanical strength may be provided by shaping the mounting surface (cf. 3 in Figure 1) so as to fit snugly and support the lower side of the mould-surface structure 4, or by making the latter from such a material, such a thickness and such dimensions of the ducts 4", that it is self-supporting.
  • the suction mould 1 can be provided with a mould-surface structure 6 and a backing structure 7, in which especially the suction ducts 6" in the mould-surface structure 6 exhibit a special feature, as one end of them, opening towards the pulp object to be manufactured at the surface of the structure, extends substantially at right angles to the mould surface at any given point on the mould 1.
  • the suction holes in the surface of the mould will have the smallest possible extent, thus reducing the proportion of fibres being sucked into the ducts.
  • the invention can be used to form any kind of three-dimensional mould, in Figure 2b exemplified in the form of a body 8 with suction ducts 8" and having steep side surfaces.
  • a skilled person can, of course, choose cross-sectional shapes with different geometries, such as oval, rectangular, triangular, hexagonal etc., and as shown in Figure 7, each duct may be "sub-divided" into a number of different cross-sectional shapes.
  • Figures 6 and 6a show an embodiment, in which the ducts extend in three directions at right angles to each other.
  • This embodiment could be realized by first making a block having such sets of ducts throughout its volume, after which the block would be ma-- chined to remove surplus material, e.g. leaving a mould like the one shown in these Figures, although it is preferred to use a computer-based method of material deposition.
  • Figure 8 illustrates the possibility of using automatic data processing to provide a mould with ducts of a desired shape.
  • a computer programme representing the mould surface in three spatial dimensions is combined with a mesh programme, so that a mesh of suction openings will be provided in the mould surface, continuing into suction ducts extending through the mould-surface structure.
  • the combined programme can be used to control a computer-controlled processing machine to make moulds with suction openings in the form of regular triangles or other polygons, continuing into suction ducts extending at any desired angle, including a right angle, from the mould surface.
  • Figure 9 shows an example of a mould, in which the ducts in the steep sides have re- latively small transverse dimensions, e.g. 0.2 mm, whereas the ducts in the top and base parts have relatively larger transverse dimensions, e.g. 0.5 mm.
  • the ratio may be as high as 1 :10.
  • Figures 10 and 10a show an example of a mould, in which parallel groups of ducts extend in two directions forming an angle with each other and forming angles with the base of the mould differing from 90°.
  • the two groups may be mutually offset so as to avoid the various ducts intersecting each other, and the various ducts may have different transverse dimensions.
  • Such a mould could also be manufactured in the manner indicated above with reference to Figures 6 and 6a, although in this case also, the method of using computer-based deposition referred to above is preferred.
  • Figure 11 illustrates the possibility of encoding the co-ordinates for the openings desired in the mould surface by using a computer programming for a five-axes machining or processing programme.
  • the co-ordinates have been determined, the normal is raised, at the same time indicating the direction of the ducts at right angles to the mould- surface.
  • Figures 12a and 12b show examples of how the ducts may be formed with changing directions. When liquid and air move through the porous mould, the direction of flow will change about the thread-like elements, of which the mould consists.
  • Fig. 13 shows a part of a mould, in which the successive layers are formed by depositing filaments of molten plastic material, that will stick to each other in the crossing points so as to form a coherent body. In this arrangement, all surfaces on the mould will be porous.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)

Abstract

Dans un moule à aspiration (1) comportant une structure de surface de moulage (4) dont les ouvertures (4''), permettant le passage du liquide tout en empêchant celui des fibres, se présentent sous l'aspect de conduits traversants rapprochés et protégés de la force d'aspiration par une ossature de renfort (5), cette structure étant conçue pour être raccordée à une source (non illustrée par les figures) de pression sub-atmosphérique et ce, afin de produire un article à parois minces (non illustré par les figures) par aspiration de ladite pâte fluide à la surface du moule, l'innovation réside dans le fait que la structure de surface de moulage (4) et l'ossature de renfort (5) font partie intégrante d'un corps commun cohérent.
EP98901331A 1997-02-07 1998-02-09 Procede de fabrication d'un moule a aspiration permeable aux liquides utilisable a la production d'articles en pate et moule obtenu grace a ce procede Expired - Lifetime EP1015696B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP98901331A EP1015696B1 (fr) 1997-02-07 1998-02-09 Procede de fabrication d'un moule a aspiration permeable aux liquides utilisable a la production d'articles en pate et moule obtenu grace a ce procede

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP97101959A EP0857822A1 (fr) 1997-02-07 1997-02-07 Moule à aspiration et perméable aux liquides destiné à la fabrication d'objets en pulpe, et procédé de fabrication de ce moule
EP97101959 1997-02-07
EP98901331A EP1015696B1 (fr) 1997-02-07 1998-02-09 Procede de fabrication d'un moule a aspiration permeable aux liquides utilisable a la production d'articles en pate et moule obtenu grace a ce procede
PCT/DK1998/000050 WO1998035097A1 (fr) 1997-02-07 1998-02-09 Procede de fabrication d'un moule a aspiration permeable aux liquides utilisable a la production d'articles en pate et moule obtenu grace a ce procede

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1015696A1 true EP1015696A1 (fr) 2000-07-05
EP1015696B1 EP1015696B1 (fr) 2002-09-25

Family

ID=8226445

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97101959A Withdrawn EP0857822A1 (fr) 1997-02-07 1997-02-07 Moule à aspiration et perméable aux liquides destiné à la fabrication d'objets en pulpe, et procédé de fabrication de ce moule
EP98901331A Expired - Lifetime EP1015696B1 (fr) 1997-02-07 1998-02-09 Procede de fabrication d'un moule a aspiration permeable aux liquides utilisable a la production d'articles en pate et moule obtenu grace a ce procede

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97101959A Withdrawn EP0857822A1 (fr) 1997-02-07 1997-02-07 Moule à aspiration et perméable aux liquides destiné à la fabrication d'objets en pulpe, et procédé de fabrication de ce moule

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (2) EP0857822A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU5749898A (fr)
DE (1) DE69808321T2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1998035097A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017219812A1 (de) 2017-11-08 2019-05-09 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Formwerkzeug

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2456502A (en) * 2007-11-17 2009-07-22 3T Rpd Ltd A permeable shaping tool, a method of shaping and of handling an article
US9932710B2 (en) * 2014-12-12 2018-04-03 Golden Arrow Printing Co., Ltd. Porous metal mold for wet pulp molding process and method of using the same
CN112626929B (zh) * 2018-11-27 2022-10-04 永发（江苏）模塑包装科技有限公司 一种吸浆均匀的纸浆模塑吸浆模具及用途
DE102019120854B4 (de) * 2019-08-01 2021-10-14 PAPACKS SALES GmbH Herstellungsverfahren und -vorrichtung sowie gemäß dem Herstellungsverfahren hergestellter Faserguss-Becher
JP7160444B2 (ja) * 2020-10-28 2022-10-25 セルワイズ・エービー 工具または工具部品、工具または工具部品を含む装置、工具または工具部品の製造方法、およびパルプスラリーから製品を成形する方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2264146A (en) * 1937-07-27 1941-11-25 Crane Newton Method of making perforated molds
DE1258586B (de) * 1959-04-02 1968-01-11 Tschira & Cie Ges Mit Beschrae Verfahren zum Herstellen des formgebenden poroesen Filterelements von Saugformen fuer die Produktion von Faserguss-Formlingen auf Nassformmaschinen
JP2836801B2 (ja) * 1992-03-06 1998-12-14 日本碍子株式会社 繊維成形物の抄造型、抄造方法及び抄造装置、並びに抄造された繊維成形物
GB2283966A (en) * 1993-11-09 1995-05-24 Bowater Plc Pulp mouldings
JP3173706B2 (ja) * 1994-12-27 2001-06-04 新東工業株式会社 パルプモ−ルド成形用型

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9835097A1 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017219812A1 (de) 2017-11-08 2019-05-09 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Formwerkzeug
DE102017219812B4 (de) 2017-11-08 2019-08-14 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Formwerkzeug

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU5749898A (en) 1998-08-26
WO1998035097A1 (fr) 1998-08-13
EP1015696B1 (fr) 2002-09-25
DE69808321T2 (de) 2003-05-22
EP0857822A1 (fr) 1998-08-12
DE69808321D1 (de) 2002-10-31

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