EP0856908B1 - Unité de formation de faisceau de canaux multiplexés - Google Patents

Unité de formation de faisceau de canaux multiplexés Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0856908B1
EP0856908B1 EP98400184A EP98400184A EP0856908B1 EP 0856908 B1 EP0856908 B1 EP 0856908B1 EP 98400184 A EP98400184 A EP 98400184A EP 98400184 A EP98400184 A EP 98400184A EP 0856908 B1 EP0856908 B1 EP 0856908B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
unit according
network
collector
channel signals
unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98400184A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0856908A1 (fr
Inventor
Daniel Renaud
Régis Lenormand
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alcatel Lucent SAS
Original Assignee
Alcatel CIT SA
Alcatel SA
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0856908A1 publication Critical patent/EP0856908A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0856908B1 publication Critical patent/EP0856908B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
    • H01Q21/0018—Space- fed arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/18—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/19—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces comprising one main concave reflecting surface associated with an auxiliary reflecting surface
    • H01Q19/192—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces comprising one main concave reflecting surface associated with an auxiliary reflecting surface with dual offset reflectors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to a beam forming unit which carries a plurality frequency multiplexed channel signals.
  • the unit multiplex, or combine, spatially in the same beam this plurality of channel signals.
  • this training unit for beam belongs to a repeater output stage of a satellite.
  • the satellite is for example a satellite of broadcast television signals and produce a beam of emission covering an area on the ground.
  • this stage output includes a plurality of amplifiers each intended to amplify a respective channel signal as well than an output "multiplexer".
  • the various channel signals are each amplified by a respective amplifier in order to minimize the distortions resulting from the non-linearity of the amplifiers used.
  • the output "multiplexer”, or OMUX (Output MUltipleXer), provided at the output of amplifiers, is as described in the book “Satellite Communications Systems ", G. Maral and M. Bousquet, Edition WILEY, Second Edition, pages 411 and following.
  • This multiplexer includes filters and a common guide which is intended to combine the channels after their amplification and individual filtering.
  • Filters and guide common are in the form of cavities and the coupling between each filter and the common guide is made through a iris, or cleft.
  • One end of the common guide is short-circuited, the other delivers a combined signal conveying all multiplexed channel signals. This combined signal is issued by an antenna.
  • EP-A-0638956 There is described an antenna active "offset" comprising a network of sources and a radio lens having a first network of sources said collector. This collector receives and receives a beam concentrate reflected by a first reflector, from the beam emitted by said network of elementary sources.
  • a first objective of the invention is to provide a beam forming unit, or combination of channel signals to be transmitted in the same beam, whose power losses are reduced compared to the prior art.
  • Another goal of the invention is to provide a combination unit of channel signals to be transmitted in the same weight beam reduced compared to the aforementioned realization of the prior art.
  • a unit for combining N signals radio frequencies N being an integer, said numbers N channel signals being produced by N wave sources respective respective radiating waves, said radiating waves being focused on collector network means of the unit capable of multiplexing said waves, is characterized according to the invention in that said network means collector are capable of receiving the N channel signals in respective directions defined by lobes of radiation produced by said network means manifold.
  • the collector network means are coupled to transmission network means which transmit the N signals of channel that are combined.
  • a dish arranged in a mounting offset from the transmission network means can be used. This parable reflects, in the form of a beam, the N channel signals which are combined.
  • the unit further comprises focusing means for focusing the N respectively channel signals on the collector network means, respectively in said directions.
  • the focusing means are in the form of substantially reflective elements concaves each associated with a respective one of the signals of channel.
  • these elements reflectors are carried by a portion of arc parabolic.
  • these elements reflectors are carried by a surface portion of paraboloid.
  • a training unit for beam according to the invention is supplied by N sources respective separate 30, 31 and 32, in number N equal to 3 in Figure 1.
  • Each source 30, 31 and 32 is for example composed of a cone, typically small.
  • a horn comprises a guide portion access, or entry, and a radiating section opening gradually increasing.
  • Upstream of each respective N sources 30, 31 and 32 are provided in cascade one power amplifier 10, 11 and 12 and a filter strip 20, 21 and 22.
  • the N 3 channel signals S0, S1 and S2 to be sent in the same beam are centered on respective frequencies f0, f1 and f2.
  • the frequencies f0, f1 and f2 are located in the frequency band 11.5 GHz-12.5 GHz radio frequencies.
  • Each signal S0, S1 and S2 is applied to an input of a respective amplifier 10, 11 and 12 to be amplified at high power.
  • Each amplified signal resulting and transmitted through a guide waveform at an input of the corresponding band filter 20, 21 and 22.
  • Each filter is in the form of a cavity and filters the signal in the frequency band f0, f1 and f2 of the signal S0, S1 and S2 it receives.
  • Filters 20, 21 and 22 have outputs which are respectively coupled to entrances of the horns 30, 31 and 32 through slots.
  • the horns 30, 31 and 32 radiate respective waves R0, R1 and R2.
  • these waves R0, R1 and R2 are directed towards respective focusing means 40, 41 and 42 which are, in the illustrated embodiment, in the form reflective elements, or mirrors, substantially concave.
  • These reflective elements 40, 41 and 42 having a metallic surface, reflect waves R0, R1 and R2 to a collector network 50.
  • the concave shape reflective elements 40, 41 and 42 guarantees a focusing the energy of the different waves R0, R1 and R2 on the collector network 50.
  • the reflective elements 40, 41, 42, 43 and 44 are carried by an imaginary paraboloid surface. This is reflected in the fact that the centers of the different reflective elements 40, 41, 42 (and possibly 43 and 44) coincide with points of the same parabolic arc imaginary C (or an imaginary paraboloid surface) whose the focal length f coincides with the collector network 50.
  • Each wave R0, R1 and R2 is reflected, being focused, towards the collector network 50 according to a particular direction thanks to positioning and appropriate convergence of the reflecting element 40, 41 and 42 which reflects this wave R0, R1 and R2. It is to highlight that waves R0, R1 and R2 could be focused on the collector network 50 through a lens, without reflection.
  • d being the distance between two adjacent sources, ⁇ the radiation wavelength, ⁇ the angle between the normal to S0-SM source plan and direction considered, and m a zero integer, positive or negative.
  • the radiation pattern can include several maximums if the alignment consists of several sources S0-SM. It is the periodic nature of network of sources which brings up these network lobes in the radiation diagram.
  • the collector network 50 is in the form of a network of elements operating in reception.
  • this collector network 50 is consisting of (5 x 5) cones arranged in a matrix.
  • the collector network 50 is mesh rectangular or triangular.
  • the geometric structure "periodic" of the collector network 50 is such that the network has the characteristics of a network of sources, to say that it is capable, on transmission, of generating several maximums, preferably of substantially amplitudes identical, in respective respective directions. These directions correspond to the directions of radiation of waves R0, R1 and R2 after their reflection respectively on the reflective elements 40, 41 and 42.
  • the collector network operates in reception, but taking into account the "reciprocity" of operations of the collector network 50 in transmission and in reception, this results in the fact that on reception, the collector network 50 guarantees mixing, or multiplexing, without high loss between the different radiated waves, or channel signals R0, R1 and R2. It must therefore be remembered that the collector network 50 receives the channel signals R0, R1 and R2 along respective directions defined by lobes theoretical network transmission of these network means collector 50.
  • horns of the collector network 50 the various signals of channel R0, R1 and R2 are channeled without high loss.
  • the portion of access guide for each horn in the network collector 50 is coupled with an access guide portion of a cornet corresponding to a transmission network 51.
  • the channel signals handsets transmitted by the transmission network 51 are reflected by a portion of a dish 6.
  • the transmission network 51 is arranged in an "offset" arrangement relative to the parabola 6 according to an assembly known to those skilled in the art so that the beam of F channel signals reflected by the portion of parabola is not directed towards the constituent elements of unity.
  • N 3 sources 30, 31 and 32
  • the invention can be extended to a higher number of sources.
  • the different radiated waves directed towards the collector network 50 can be worn according to axes of the same plane, or the different radiated waves directed to the collector network 50 can be carried by axes belonging to a volume delimited by a cone. This last point results from the fact that for a network of sources of the non-monodimensional type as presented in Figure 2 but two-dimensional, the results obtained with regard to the lobes of network are reproduced in the two dimensions.
  • each source to horn such as 30, for a given focal task spreading W0 on the collector network 50, are going to be define the relationship between the distances d0 'and d0 (d0' being the source distance 30-reflecting element 40 and d0 the distance between the reflecting element 40 and the collector network 50), and the convergence of the associated radiating element, here 40.
  • the focal spot on the collector network 50 must have a substantially flat equiphase surface as shown in Figure 5. It is shown that the operation of the unit can be approximated completely appropriate by a wave model of the Gaussian optical type.
  • Each source, here 30, is in the form of a cornet which is defined by spreading the field W1 over the opening cornet and a length of cornet L.
  • the Gaussian wave at the opening of the horn is characterized by the couple (W1, L).
  • W (d0), R1 (d0) the couple (W (d0), R1 (d0))
  • the collecting network 50 comprises 5 rows of 5 horns.
  • the (5x5) cones are arranged in a matrix and the section of the flaring end of each horn is a side square of length equal to 26.2 mm.
  • the reflective elements 40, 41, 42, 43 and 44 are carried by an imaginary paraboloid surface whose focal length f coincides with the collector network 50.
  • the transmission network 51 comprises 5 ⁇ 5 horns, each supplied by a respective corresponding horn of the collector network 50.
  • the radiation diagram is modeled by a cos ⁇ ( ⁇ ) diagram.
  • the two matrices associated with the sources illuminating the mirrors 43 and 44 are identical due to the layout symmetrical of these two sources with respect to the network collector 50.

Landscapes

  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
EP98400184A 1997-02-03 1998-01-29 Unité de formation de faisceau de canaux multiplexés Expired - Lifetime EP0856908B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9701153 1997-02-03
FR9701153A FR2759204B1 (fr) 1997-02-03 1997-02-03 Unite de formation de faisceau de canaux multiplexes

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0856908A1 EP0856908A1 (fr) 1998-08-05
EP0856908B1 true EP0856908B1 (fr) 2004-09-22

Family

ID=9503232

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98400184A Expired - Lifetime EP0856908B1 (fr) 1997-02-03 1998-01-29 Unité de formation de faisceau de canaux multiplexés

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US6023248A (ja)
EP (1) EP0856908B1 (ja)
JP (1) JPH10294703A (ja)
CA (1) CA2226334A1 (ja)
DE (1) DE69826341T2 (ja)
FR (1) FR2759204B1 (ja)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6314293B1 (en) * 2000-01-27 2001-11-06 Verizon Laboratories Inc. Probabilistic use of wireless reserve channels for admission control
DE102008011350A1 (de) * 2008-02-27 2009-09-03 Loeffler Technology Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Echtzeiterfassung von elektromagnetischer THz-Strahlung

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3631503A (en) * 1969-05-02 1971-12-28 Hughes Aircraft Co High-performance distributionally integrated subarray antenna
US4236161A (en) * 1978-09-18 1980-11-25 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Array feed for offset satellite antenna
US4355314A (en) * 1980-11-28 1982-10-19 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Wide-field-of-view antenna arrangement
US4343005A (en) * 1980-12-29 1982-08-03 Ford Aerospace & Communications Corporation Microwave antenna system having enhanced band width and reduced cross-polarization
US4479129A (en) * 1981-09-10 1984-10-23 George Skahill Directive antenna system employing a paraboloidal main dish and ellipsoidal subdish
US4415901A (en) * 1981-09-21 1983-11-15 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Low power beam switchable antenna arrangement
US4595929A (en) * 1982-04-13 1986-06-17 Communications Satellite Corporation Scheme for aberration correction in scanning or multiple beam confocal antenna system
US4482897A (en) * 1982-06-28 1984-11-13 At&T Bell Laboratories Multibeam segmented reflector antennas
FR2685551B1 (fr) * 1991-12-23 1994-01-28 Alcatel Espace Antenne active "offset" a double reflecteurs.
JP2882183B2 (ja) * 1992-04-24 1999-04-12 ケイディディ株式会社 アンテナ装置
FR2709877B1 (fr) * 1993-08-04 1995-10-13 Alcatel Espace Antenne active à balayage électronique en azimut et en élévation, en particulier pour l'imagerie hyperfréquence par satellite.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69826341D1 (de) 2004-10-28
JPH10294703A (ja) 1998-11-04
US6023248A (en) 2000-02-08
FR2759204B1 (fr) 1999-02-26
DE69826341T2 (de) 2005-03-17
EP0856908A1 (fr) 1998-08-05
CA2226334A1 (fr) 1998-08-03
FR2759204A1 (fr) 1998-08-07

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