EP0856908A1 - Unité de formation de faisceau de canaux multiplexés - Google Patents
Unité de formation de faisceau de canaux multiplexés Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0856908A1 EP0856908A1 EP98400184A EP98400184A EP0856908A1 EP 0856908 A1 EP0856908 A1 EP 0856908A1 EP 98400184 A EP98400184 A EP 98400184A EP 98400184 A EP98400184 A EP 98400184A EP 0856908 A1 EP0856908 A1 EP 0856908A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- network
- channel signals
- unit according
- collector
- unit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
- H01Q21/0018—Space- fed arrays
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
- H01Q19/18—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces
- H01Q19/19—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces comprising one main concave reflecting surface associated with an auxiliary reflecting surface
- H01Q19/192—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces comprising one main concave reflecting surface associated with an auxiliary reflecting surface with dual offset reflectors
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to a beam forming unit which carries a plurality frequency multiplexed channel signals. Unity multiplex, or combine, spatially in the same beam this plurality of channel signals.
- this training unit for beam belongs to an output stage of a repeater of a satellite.
- the satellite is for example a satellite of broadcast television signals and produces a beam of emission covering an area on the ground.
- this stage output includes a plurality of amplifiers each intended to amplify a respective channel signal as well than an output "multiplexer".
- the various channel signals are each amplified by a respective amplifier in order to minimize the distortions resulting from the non-linearity of the amplifiers used.
- the output "multiplexer”, or OMUX (Output MUltipleXer), provided at the output of amplifiers, is as described in the book “Satellite Communications Systems ", G. Maral and M. Bousquet, Edition WILEY, Second Edition, pages 411 and following.
- This multiplexer includes filters and a common guide which is intended to combine the channels after their amplification and individual filtering.
- Filters and guide common are in the form of cavities and the coupling between each filter and the common guide is made through a iris, or cleft.
- One end of the common guide is short-circuited, the other delivers a combined signal conveying all multiplexed channel signals. This combined signal is issued by an antenna.
- a first objective of the invention is to provide a beam forming unit, or combination unit of channel signals to be transmitted in the same beam, the power losses are reduced compared to the prior art.
- Another object of the invention is to provide a channel signal combination unit to emit in the same beam of reduced weight compared to the aforementioned embodiment of the technique anterior.
- a unit for combining N signals of channel is characterized according to the invention in that it comprises collector network means, said network means collector receiving the N channel signals according to Respective directions defined by network lobes associated with said collector network means.
- the collector network means are coupled to transmission network means which transmit the N signals of channel that are combined.
- a dish arranged in a mounting offset from the transmission network means can be used. This parable reflects, in the form of a beam, the N channel signals which are combined.
- the unit further comprises focusing means for focusing the N respectively channel signals on the collector network means, respectively in said directions.
- the focusing means are in the form of substantially reflective elements concaves each associated with a respective one of the signals of channel.
- these elements reflectors are carried by a portion of arc parabolic.
- these elements reflectors are carried by a surface portion of paraboloid.
- a training unit for beam according to the invention is supplied by N sources respective separate 30, 31 and 32, in number N equal to 3 in Figure 1.
- Each source 30, 31 and 32 is for example composed of a cone, typically small.
- a horn comprises a guide portion access, or entry, and a radiating section opening gradually increasing.
- Upstream of each respective N sources 30, 31 and 32 are provided in cascade one power amplifier 10, 11 and 12 and a filter strip 20, 21 and 22.
- the N 3 channel signals S0, S1 and S2 to be transmitted in the same beam are centered on respective frequencies f0, f1 and f2.
- the frequencies f0, f1 and f2 are located in the frequency band 11.5 GHz-12.5 GHz radio frequencies.
- Each signal S0, S1 and S2 is applied to an input of a respective amplifier 10, 11 and 12 to be amplified at high power.
- Each filter is in the form of a cavity and filters the signal in the frequency band f0, f1 and f2 of the signal S0, S1 and S2 it receives.
- Filters 20, 21 and 22 have outputs which are respectively coupled to entrances of the horns 30, 31 and 32 through slots.
- the horns 30, 31 and 32 radiate respective waves R0, R1 and R2.
- these waves R0, R1 and R2 are directed towards respective focusing means 40, 41 and 42 which are, in the illustrated embodiment, in the form reflective elements, or mirrors, substantially concaves.
- These reflective elements 40, 41 and 42 having a metallic surface, reflect waves R0, R1 and R2 to a collector network 50.
- the concave shape reflective elements 40, 41 and 42 guarantee a focusing the energy of the different waves R0, R1 and R2 on the collector network 50.
- the reflective elements 40, 41, 42, 43 and 44 are carried by an imaginary paraboloid surface. This is reflected in the fact that the centers of the different reflective elements 40, 41, 42 (and possibly 43 and 44) coincide with points of the same parabolic arc imaginary C (or an imaginary paraboloid surface) whose the focal length f coincides with the collector network 50.
- Each wave R0, R1 and R2 is reflected, being focused, towards the collector network 50 according to a particular direction thanks to positioning and appropriate convergence of the reflective element 40, 41 and 42 which reflects this wave R0, R1 and R2. It is to highlight that waves R0, R1 and R2 could be focused on the collector network 50 through a lens, without reflection.
- d being the distance between two adjacent sources, ⁇ the radiation wavelength, ⁇ the angle between the normal to the source plan S0-SM and direction considered, and m a zero integer, positive or negative.
- the radiation pattern can include several maximums if the alignment consists of several sources S0-SM. It is the periodic nature of network of sources which brings up these network lobes in the radiation diagram.
- the collector network 50 is in the form of a network of elements operating in reception.
- this collector network 50 is consisting of (5 x 5) cones arranged in a matrix.
- the collector network 50 is mesh rectangular or triangular.
- the geometric structure "periodic" of the collector network 50 is such that the network has the characteristics of a network of sources, say that it is capable, on transmission, of generating several maximums, preferably of substantially amplitudes identical, in respective respective directions. These directions correspond to the directions of radiation of waves R0, R1 and R2 after their reflection respectively on the reflective elements 40, 41 and 42.
- the collector network operates in reception, but taking into account the "reciprocity" of operation of the collector network 50 in transmission and in reception, this results in the fact that on reception, the collector network 50 guarantees mixing, or multiplexing, without high loss between the different radiated waves, or channel signals R0, R1 and R2. It must therefore be remembered that the collector network 50 receives the channel signals R0, R1 and R2 in respective directions defined by lobes of theoretical networks in transmission of these network means collector 50.
- horns of the collector network 50 the different signals of channel R0, R1 and R2 are channeled without high loss.
- the portion of access guide for each horn in the network collector 50 is coupled with an access guide portion a cornet corresponding to a transmission network 51.
- the channel signals handsets transmitted by the transmission network 51 are reflected by a portion of a dish 6.
- the transmission network 51 is arranged in an "offset" arrangement relative to the parabola 6 according to an assembly known to those skilled in the art so that the beam of F channel signals reflected by the portion of parabola is not directed towards the constituent elements of unity.
- N 3 sources 30, 31 and 32
- the invention can be extended to a higher number of sources.
- the different radiated waves directed towards the collector network 50 can be worn according to axes of the same plane, or the different radiated waves directed to the collector network 50 can be carried by axes belonging to a volume delimited by a cone. This last point results from the fact that for a network of sources of the non-monodimensional type as presented in Figure 2 but two-dimensional, the results obtained with regard to the lobes of network are reproduced in the two dimensions.
- each source to horn such as 30, for a given focal task spreading W0 on the collector network 50, will be define the relationship between the distances d0 'and d0 (d0' being the source distance 30-reflecting element 40 and d0 the distance between the reflective element 40 and the collector network 50), and the convergence of the associated radiating element, here 40.
- the focal spot on the collector network 50 must have a substantially flat equiphase surface as shown in Figure 5. It is shown that the operation of the unit can be approximated completely appropriate by a wave model of the Gaussian optical type.
- Each source, here 30, is in the form of a cornet which is defined by spreading the field W1 over the opening cornet and a length of cornet L.
- the Gaussian wave at the opening of the horn is characterized by the couple (W1, L).
- W (d0), R1 (d0) the couple (W (d0), R1 (d0)
- the collecting network 50 comprises 5 rows of 5 horns.
- the (5x5) cones are arranged in a matrix and the section of the flaring end of each horn is a side square with a length of 26.2 mm.
- the reflective elements 40, 41, 42, 43 and 44 are carried by an imaginary paraboloid surface whose focal length f coincides with the collector network 50.
- the transmission network 51 comprises 5 ⁇ 5 horns, each supplied by a respective cornet of the collector network 50.
- the radiation diagram is modeled by a cos ⁇ ( ⁇ ) diagram.
- each of them defines, for a given source, the coupling coefficients of each of the (5x5) horns of the collector network 50. Each coefficient is given in amplitude (dB) and in phase (°) in the form of a couple ( X (dB); Y (°)).
- the two matrices associated with the sources illuminating the mirrors 43 and 44 are identical due to the layout symmetrical of these two sources with respect to the network collector 50.
Landscapes
- Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- la figure 1 est un bloc-diagramme d'une unité selon l'invention de combinaison de signaux de canal à émettre dans un même faisceau;
- la figure 2 est une représentation d'un réseau de sources pour expliquer l'invention;
- la figure 3 est une vue de dessus d'éléments réfléchissants formant partie de l'unité selon une variante de l'invention;
- les figures 4 et 5 montrent respectivement une partie de l'unité selon l'invention et un tube de champ pour expliquer le dimensionnement de l'unité selon l'invention; et
- la figure 6 montre une pluralité de courbes isoniveaux telles qu'obtenues selon l'invention.
Dans la figure 6, sont montrés les lignes isoniveaux des champs correspondant aux 4 matrices qui montrent que des spots formés par l'unité de l'invention sont sensiblement concentriques.
Claims (10)
- Unité pour combiner N signaux de canal (R0, R1, R2), N étant un nombre entier, lesdits N signaux de canal (R0, R1, R2) étant produits par N sources (30, 31, 32) respectives séparées, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend des moyens de réseau collecteur (50), lesdits moyens de réseau collecteur (50) recevant lesdits N signaux de canal (R0, R1, R2) selon des directions respectives définies par des lobes de réseau associés auxdits moyens de réseau collecteur (50).
- Unité conforme à la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que lesdits N signaux de canal sont des signaux radioélectriques.
- Unité conforme à la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que lesdits moyens de réseau collecteur (50) sont couplés à des moyens de réseau d'émission (51) qui émettent lesdits N signaux de canal (R1, R2, R3) qui sont combinés.
- Unité conforme à la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que lesdits moyens de réseau collecteur (50) et lesdits moyens de réseau d'émission (51) sont sous la forme de cornets, chaque cornet du réseau collecteur (50) étant couplé avec un cornet respectif du réseau d'émission (51) à travers des guides d'accès.
- Unité conforme à la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend un moyen de parabole (6) disposé selon un montage offset par rapport auxdits moyens de réseau d'émission (51), ledit moyen de parabole réfléchissant, sous la forme d'un faisceau (F), lesdits N signaux de canal (R1, R2, R3) combinés.
- Unité conforme à l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que ladite unité comprend des moyens de focalisation (40, 41, 42) pour focaliser respectivement lesdits N signaux de canal sur lesdits moyens de réseau collecteur (50), respectivement suivant lesdites directions.
- Unité conforme à la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que lesdits moyens de focalisation (40, 41, 42) sont sous la forme d'éléments réfléchissants sensiblement concaves chacun recevant l'un respectif des signaux de canal.
- Unité conforme à la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que lesdits éléments réfléchissants (40, 41, 42) sont portés par une portion d'arc de parabole (C).
- Unité conforme à la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que lesdits éléments réfléchissants (40, 41, 42, 43, 44) sont portés par une portion de surface de paraboloïde.
- Satellite comprenant une unité conforme à l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9701153A FR2759204B1 (fr) | 1997-02-03 | 1997-02-03 | Unite de formation de faisceau de canaux multiplexes |
FR9701153 | 1997-02-03 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0856908A1 true EP0856908A1 (fr) | 1998-08-05 |
EP0856908B1 EP0856908B1 (fr) | 2004-09-22 |
Family
ID=9503232
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98400184A Expired - Lifetime EP0856908B1 (fr) | 1997-02-03 | 1998-01-29 | Unité de formation de faisceau de canaux multiplexés |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6023248A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0856908B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JPH10294703A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2226334A1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69826341T2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2759204B1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6314293B1 (en) | 2000-01-27 | 2001-11-06 | Verizon Laboratories Inc. | Probabilistic use of wireless reserve channels for admission control |
DE102008011350A1 (de) * | 2008-02-27 | 2009-09-03 | Loeffler Technology Gmbh | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Echtzeiterfassung von elektromagnetischer THz-Strahlung |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4236161A (en) * | 1978-09-18 | 1980-11-25 | Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated | Array feed for offset satellite antenna |
US4355314A (en) * | 1980-11-28 | 1982-10-19 | Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated | Wide-field-of-view antenna arrangement |
US4595929A (en) * | 1982-04-13 | 1986-06-17 | Communications Satellite Corporation | Scheme for aberration correction in scanning or multiple beam confocal antenna system |
EP0548876A1 (fr) * | 1991-12-23 | 1993-06-30 | Alcatel Espace | Antenne active "offset" à double réflecteurs |
DE4312693A1 (de) * | 1992-04-24 | 1993-11-04 | Kokusai Denshin Denwa Co Ltd | Doppelreflektorantenne |
EP0638956A1 (fr) * | 1993-08-04 | 1995-02-15 | Alcatel Espace | Antenne active à balayage électronique en azimut et en élévation, en particulier pour l'imagerie hyperfréquence par satellite |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3631503A (en) * | 1969-05-02 | 1971-12-28 | Hughes Aircraft Co | High-performance distributionally integrated subarray antenna |
US4343005A (en) * | 1980-12-29 | 1982-08-03 | Ford Aerospace & Communications Corporation | Microwave antenna system having enhanced band width and reduced cross-polarization |
US4479129A (en) * | 1981-09-10 | 1984-10-23 | George Skahill | Directive antenna system employing a paraboloidal main dish and ellipsoidal subdish |
US4415901A (en) * | 1981-09-21 | 1983-11-15 | Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated | Low power beam switchable antenna arrangement |
US4482897A (en) * | 1982-06-28 | 1984-11-13 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Multibeam segmented reflector antennas |
-
1997
- 1997-02-03 FR FR9701153A patent/FR2759204B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-01-29 EP EP98400184A patent/EP0856908B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-01-29 DE DE69826341T patent/DE69826341T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-02-02 CA CA002226334A patent/CA2226334A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 1998-02-02 US US09/017,168 patent/US6023248A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-02-03 JP JP10022401A patent/JPH10294703A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4236161A (en) * | 1978-09-18 | 1980-11-25 | Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated | Array feed for offset satellite antenna |
US4355314A (en) * | 1980-11-28 | 1982-10-19 | Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated | Wide-field-of-view antenna arrangement |
US4595929A (en) * | 1982-04-13 | 1986-06-17 | Communications Satellite Corporation | Scheme for aberration correction in scanning or multiple beam confocal antenna system |
EP0548876A1 (fr) * | 1991-12-23 | 1993-06-30 | Alcatel Espace | Antenne active "offset" à double réflecteurs |
DE4312693A1 (de) * | 1992-04-24 | 1993-11-04 | Kokusai Denshin Denwa Co Ltd | Doppelreflektorantenne |
EP0638956A1 (fr) * | 1993-08-04 | 1995-02-15 | Alcatel Espace | Antenne active à balayage électronique en azimut et en élévation, en particulier pour l'imagerie hyperfréquence par satellite |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
DAVIS R M ET AL: "A SCANNING REFLECTOR USING AN OFF-AXIS SPACE-FED PHASED-ARRAY FEED", IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION, vol. 39, no. 3, 1 March 1991 (1991-03-01), pages 391 - 400, XP000201346 * |
LENORMAND R ET AL: "LARGE ANGULAR ELECTRONIC BEAM STEERING ANTENNA FOR SPACE APPLICATION", PROCEEDINGS OF THE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM (APSIS), CHICAGO, JULY 20 - 24, 1992, vol. 1, 20 July 1992 (1992-07-20), INSTITUTE OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS, pages 2 - 4, XP000342297 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69826341T2 (de) | 2005-03-17 |
CA2226334A1 (fr) | 1998-08-03 |
EP0856908B1 (fr) | 2004-09-22 |
JPH10294703A (ja) | 1998-11-04 |
DE69826341D1 (de) | 2004-10-28 |
FR2759204A1 (fr) | 1998-08-07 |
FR2759204B1 (fr) | 1999-02-26 |
US6023248A (en) | 2000-02-08 |
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