EP0854274B1 - Filtre à particules - Google Patents

Filtre à particules Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0854274B1
EP0854274B1 EP97121164A EP97121164A EP0854274B1 EP 0854274 B1 EP0854274 B1 EP 0854274B1 EP 97121164 A EP97121164 A EP 97121164A EP 97121164 A EP97121164 A EP 97121164A EP 0854274 B1 EP0854274 B1 EP 0854274B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
particle filter
filter
flow resistance
resistance
regeneration
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97121164A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0854274A1 (fr
Inventor
Rolf Miebach
Uwe Jung
Hans Houben
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Deutz AG
Original Assignee
Deutz AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Deutz AG filed Critical Deutz AG
Publication of EP0854274A1 publication Critical patent/EP0854274A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0854274B1 publication Critical patent/EP0854274B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a particle filter in the exhaust gas flow of a diesel engine is arranged and a method for complete Regenerate it.
  • Particle filters are used to separate soot particles from the exhaust gas of diesel engines. With increasing thickness of the particle coating the exhaust gas pressure in front of the particle filter increases. Is a certain one Pressure level is reached, the particle filter is burned off regenerates the particle coating. This usually happens by exhaust gas of certain pressure and temperature, that from the diesel engine and one in the main stream of the Exhaust pipe arranged burner is supplied.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a particle filter the particle coating completely burned off with each regeneration becomes.
  • ⁇ o is meaningless and generally. also not measurable, since a very low initial load can significantly increase the filter resistance.
  • the pressure loss ⁇ o in the pure state of a filter medium or a filter constructed with it can therefore only be determined when the filter flows through with particle-free measuring gas.
  • V 0 ⁇ 0 * A 0
  • V 0 ⁇ 1+ R 0 * A 1
  • a partially regenerated particle filter leads to a shortening of the Loading phase and thereby to an undesirable increase the regeneration cycles and the possible overloading of the not completely regenerated filter surfaces with the risk of destruction in one of the following regenerations.
  • the particle filter for separating soot particles from the Exhaust gas from a diesel engine
  • the particle filter depending of operating parameters by burning off the soot particles is regenerable, complete regeneration is achieved by that the load-independent flow resistance of a Filter unit over its entire flow cross-section at least 5% of the flow resistance of the loaded particle filter at its regeneration threshold.
  • This in the entire particle filter effective load-independent flow resistance that during the regeneration also the last remaining ones Areas covered with particles of particulate matter flow through the exhaust gas and burned free become. In this way, the bypass flow becomes too strong through the first regenerated areas of the particle filter and the associated drop in pressure of the regeneration gas avoided.
  • the location of the first regenerated area does not matter Role because the load-independent flow resistance of the entire Particle filter is raised.
  • the required level of flow resistance independent of the load the particle filter e.g. up to 10% of the flow resistance can be at the regeneration threshold a compromise between low fuel consumption of the diesel engine and safe regeneration of the particle filter.
  • measures to increase the level of the load-independent flow resistance is described. If solid walls made of porous, heat-resistant Material is provided is their flow resistance by their wall thickness, porosity and degree of surface sealing influenced. When wound or knitted as a filter medium Structures made of heat-resistant fibers on a carrier body are arranged, the flow resistance through the thickness and density of the structures and / or by wall thickness, porosity and Degree of surface sealing of the carrier body can be influenced.
  • An advantageous development of the invention is that at a stationary regeneration device for easy-change filters of the resistance bodies arranged in the stationary regeneration device and therefore only once for any number of spin-on filters is required.
  • Flow channels of the resistance body have laminar flows. It can be achieved that the desired influence the flow distribution in the filter, which itself is also predominant flow is laminar, largely independent of the size of the other influencing parameters, such as mass flow, temperature, viscosity, remains. Even in the case of regeneration processes with very little Gas flow rate, e.g. "Secondary flow regeneration" is the desired one Effect achievable without causing an undesirably large pressure increase comes in the loading operation.
  • Figure 1 shows a filter unit 1 with a filter housing 2, in which a particle filter 3 with a downstream or upstream resistance body 4 are arranged.
  • a particle filter 3 with a downstream or upstream resistance body 4 In the anteroom 5 with an exhaust gas inlet 6 for the exhaust gas of the diesel engine is a burner 7 for heating provided the same. The cleaned exhaust gas leaves the filter housing 2 through an exhaust outlet 8.
  • the particle filter 3 is a wound filter with filter cartridges or - preferably - as Honeycomb filter designed.
  • the particle filter has a load-independent flow resistance from 5% to 10% of the flow resistance at the regeneration threshold on, creating a gas pressure required for regeneration is ensured during the entire regeneration.
  • the resistance bodies 4 are arranged immediately after or in front of the particle filter 3. This ensures an even flow distribution across the cross-section of the particle filter 3 ensured.
  • the flow resistance of the Resistor body 4 can correspond to the respective installation conditions to get voted.
  • FIG. 2 shows a stationary regeneration device 9.
  • a stationary resistance body 11 and a prechamber 12 are arranged, into which a regeneration gas generator 13 opens. This essentially exists from an air blower and an electric heater.
  • a replaceable filter housing 14 is located on the stationary regeneration device 9 attachable with an outlet 15.
  • the easy-change filter housing 14 is a Easy-change filter 16 arranged.
  • the flow resistance of the stationary Resistor body 11 is in the range of the flow resistance of the loaded spin-on filter 16. This results in a very even loading of the easy-change filter 16 with regeneration gas and thus a quick one and enables thorough regeneration.
  • the particle filter 3 or the resistance body 4, 11 becomes one complete regeneration and thus the original loading time reached, because the pressure of the regeneration gas due to the increased load independent Flow resistance until complete regeneration of the particle filter has the required height. To this Way is an increase in the life of the particle filter without noticeable Increased fuel consumption of the diesel engine realized.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)
  • Lubrication Details And Ventilation Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Piezo-Electric Or Mechanical Vibrators, Or Delay Or Filter Circuits (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Procédé de régénération d'un filtre à particules installé dans la veine des gaz d'échappement d'un moteur diesel, par combustion des particules déposées,
    caractérisé en ce que
    pendant la régénération, on maintient la pression des gaz d'échappement en amont du filtre à particules (3) à un niveau nécessaire à la combustion totale des particules.
  2. Filtre à particules pour séparer les particules de suie contenues dans les gaz d'échappement d'un moteur diesel, le filtre à particules pouvant être régénéré selon les paramètres de fonctionnement par combustion des particules de suie,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la résistance hydraulique indépendante de l'état de charge du dispositif de filtre (1) est la perte de charge du filtre à particules totalement non chargé, et la résistance hydraulique indépendante de la charge du dispositif de filtre (1) sur toute sa section d'écoulement, représente au moins 5 % de la résistance hydraulique du filtre à particules (3) à l'état chargé, au niveau de son seuil de régénération.
  3. Filtre à particules selon la revendication 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le milieu filtrant est une cloison fixe en matière poreuse réfractaire et dont le degré de passage peut être influencé par l'épaisseur de paroi, la porosité et le degré de bouchage de la surface.
  4. Filtre à particules selon l'une des revendications 2 ou 3,
    caractérisé en ce que
    comme milieu de filtre, on utilise des fibres réfractaires enroulées ou à structure tricotée sur un corps de support,
    la résistance hydraulique étant influencée par l'épaisseur et la densité des structures et/ou par l'épaisseur de paroi, la porosité et le degré de bouchage de la surface du corps de support.
  5. Filtre à particules selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 4,
    caractérisé en ce que
    directement en amont ou en aval du filtre à particules (3), réalisé de préférence comme filtre à alvéoles, on dispose un corps résistant (4) ayant le diamètre du filtre à particules (3) et dont la résistance hydraulique est régulière sur sa section, mais elle est plus élevée que la résistance hydraulique du filtre à particules (3), indépendante de la charge.
  6. Filtre à particules selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 5,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le corps résistant (4) peut être enlevé de manière réversible de la veine de gaz d'échappement.
  7. Filtre à particules selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 6,
    caractérisé en ce que
    dans un dispositif de régénération stationnaire (9) pour le filtre remplaçable (16), on a prévu un corps résistant fixe (11).
  8. Filtre à particules selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 7,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la résistance hydraulique du corps résistant (11) stationnaire se situe dans la plage de la résistance hydraulique du filtre remplaçable (16), chargé.
  9. Filtre à particules selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 8,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les canaux de circulation du corps résistant (4, 11) ont un écoulement laminaire.
EP97121164A 1997-01-20 1997-12-03 Filtre à particules Expired - Lifetime EP0854274B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19701684 1997-01-20
DE19701684A DE19701684A1 (de) 1997-01-20 1997-01-20 Partikelfilter

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0854274A1 EP0854274A1 (fr) 1998-07-22
EP0854274B1 true EP0854274B1 (fr) 2002-04-03

Family

ID=7817750

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97121164A Expired - Lifetime EP0854274B1 (fr) 1997-01-20 1997-12-03 Filtre à particules

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP0854274B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE215667T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19701684A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017218862A1 (de) 2017-10-23 2018-09-13 Audi Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bauteilerkennung

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2930969A1 (de) * 1979-07-31 1981-02-26 Daimler Benz Ag Russfilter im abstroemweg der abgase einer brennkraftmaschine
JPS57159519A (en) * 1981-03-30 1982-10-01 Nippon Soken Inc Detection of clogging degree of fine particle collecting member
DE3602038C1 (de) * 1986-01-24 1987-01-02 Pattas Konstantin N Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Regenerierung eines Dieselrussfilters
DE4026375C1 (fr) * 1990-08-21 1992-01-30 Fa. J. Eberspaecher, 7300 Esslingen, De
DE4111029C2 (de) * 1991-04-05 1995-08-31 Eberspaecher J Durch Freibrennen regenerierbarer Partikelfilter für die Abgase von Brennkraftmaschinen
DE4222162C2 (de) * 1991-07-06 1997-02-20 Klaus Juergen Nord Verfahren zum raschen Erzielen der Zündtemperatur der Schadstoffe in den Abgasen einer Brennkraftmaschine und Vorrichtung hierzu
DE4200100A1 (de) * 1992-01-03 1993-07-08 Ernst Apparatebau Gmbh & Co Russfilter fuer dieselmotoren
US5458664A (en) * 1992-05-13 1995-10-17 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Particulate trap for purifying diesel engine exhaust

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59706856D1 (de) 2002-05-08
DE19701684A1 (de) 1998-07-23
EP0854274A1 (fr) 1998-07-22
ATE215667T1 (de) 2002-04-15

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