EP0853167B1 - Fire resistant glass block - Google Patents
Fire resistant glass block Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0853167B1 EP0853167B1 EP97122167A EP97122167A EP0853167B1 EP 0853167 B1 EP0853167 B1 EP 0853167B1 EP 97122167 A EP97122167 A EP 97122167A EP 97122167 A EP97122167 A EP 97122167A EP 0853167 B1 EP0853167 B1 EP 0853167B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- glass
- glass brick
- element according
- hollow glass
- bricks
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
- E04C1/42—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings of glass or other transparent material
Definitions
- the invention relates to a glass block element for single-shell fire resistant wall parts of the Fire resistance classes F.
- Wall parts of fire resistance classes F must be in accordance with DIN 4102 prescribed fire tests for their Class corresponding period effective as room closure stay. During this period they are allowed to visit the side away from the fire on average by no more than Heat 140 K above the initial temperature, but at none Measuring point a temperature increase of more than 180 K above the initial temperature may occur.
- the invention has for its object glass stone elements provide with which single-walled wall parts can be produced, at least the fire resistance class F 30 correspond, and also for higher ones Fire resistance classes can be used.
- the glass block element consists of two hollow glass blocks that along a wall forming a visible surface by means of a Adhesive are connected to one another.
- the individual hollow glass stones expediently consist each of two glass stone half-shells, the side walls using a water vapor diffusion-tight adhesive glued together, or preferably together are welded. Hollow glass stones of this type are common usual, so that according to the invention two conventional hollow glass stones be connected to one another to get fire-resistant glass block element that corresponds to fire resistance class F 30.
- the fire resistance of the invention Glass brick element can be increased if in training the invention the walls forming the visible surfaces of the Hollow glass bricks have a wall thickness of at least 18 mm, and preferably from 18 to 22 mm.
- the glass stone elements according to the invention are not suitable there are high-melting special glass compositions, but from silicate glass compositions from which usually hollow glass stones are made.
- the glass block element shown in Fig. 1 consists of two hollow glass blocks 1, 10, which are connected by an adhesive layer 12 from a translucent adhesive all over are glued together.
- the hollow glass stones 1, 10 have square visible surfaces, for example with the Dimensions 19 x 19 cm, and a thickness of 8 cm.
- Each hollow glass block 1, 10 consists of two half-shells 2, 3, the side walls 4, 5 are welded together.
- the walls 6, 7 of half-shells 2, 3 forming the visible surfaces have a wall thickness, i.e. a thickness, of about 20 mm, whereas with the usual hollow glass bricks the corresponding walls a wall thickness of only 6 to 7 mm exhibit. On the outer surfaces, the walls are 6, 7 in just trained in this case.
- the hollow glass stones exist made of soda-lime-silicate glass of the usual composition.
- a commercially available transparent adhesive can be used as adhesive 12 be used, with particular advantage heat-resistant adhesive based on water glass can come.
- FIG. 2 A glass stone element with a further increased Fire resistance duration is shown in Fig. 2.
- the glass block element consists of two Hollow glass stones 14, 24 of dimensions 19 x 19 x 8 cm, the are glued together along a visible surface.
- the hollow glass blocks 14, 24 have a visible edge bead 15 on their visible surfaces, and the gluing takes place exclusively between these peripheral edge beads 15 through the adhesive layer 16.
- Der due to the ridges 15 between the two Gap 17 formed hollow glass bricks must be evacuated or filled with dry air or gas be so as not to result in low temperatures Falling below the dew point Moisture precipitation forms. When gluing the two hollow glass stones 14, 24 are therefore corresponding To take action.
- the hollow glass blocks 14, 24 each exist in this case from two half-shells 18, 19 which are interposed a glass pane 20 made of 4 mm thick float glass with one another are glued.
- the adhesive layers 21 over which the Half-shells 18, 19 and the glass pane 20 together are glued, consist of a water vapor diffusion-proof adhesive, as such in the Are available commercially. For example, has become an adhesive for this under the trade name PACTAN 3040 from the company Product available from "Heidelberger Baustofftechnik" has proven itself. Again, the gluing must be done in an environment dry air or a dry gas to be made Misting of the cavities at low temperatures avoid.
- the glass panes 20 are on one side an IR-reflecting layer 22, in which it for example, one after a vacuum process applied multi-layer with a functional layer Silver, or around a pyrolytically applied oxide layer, can act in particular from fluorine-doped tin oxide.
- the walls 26 forming the visible surfaces of the hollow glass bricks and 27 in turn have a considerably greater thickness than the corresponding walls of the usual hollow glass bricks. Quality Results are achieved when these walls have a wall thickness of about 20 mm.
- These glass stone elements were used for the purpose of Fire protection test wall elements measuring 3.0 x 3.0 m manufactured. Reinforcement was used to build the wall elements Joints about 15 mm wide from thermal insulation mortar intended. The joints were horizontal in each joint 3 x ⁇ 6 mm hot-dip galvanized rebar S 500 ribbed, and vertically in every second joint with 2 x ⁇ 6 mm hot-dip galvanized reinforcing bar S 500 with ribs.
- the Glass stone wall element was also with a circumferential Reinforced edge strips made of thermal insulation mortar according to DIN 1053 IIa with a width of 80 mm and a height of 160 mm provided, the reinforcement of the edge strip 3 x ⁇ 8 mm hot-dip galvanized rebar S 500 ribbed duration.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Non-Adjustable Resistors (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Glassteinelement für einschalige feuerwiderstandsfähige Wandteile der Feuerwiderstandsklassen F.The invention relates to a glass block element for single-shell fire resistant wall parts of the Fire resistance classes F.
Wandteile der Feuerwiderstandsklassen F müssen bei den nach DIN 4102 vorgeschriebenen Brandversuchen für den ihrer Klasse entsprechenden Zeitraum als Raumabschluß wirksam bleiben. Während dieses Zeitraums dürfen sie sich auf der dem Feuer abgekehrten Seite im Mittel um nicht mehr als 140 K über die Anfangstemperatur erwärmen, wobei an keiner Meßstelle eine Temperaturerhöhung von mehr als 180 K über die Anfangstemperatur eintreten darf.Wall parts of fire resistance classes F must be in accordance with DIN 4102 prescribed fire tests for their Class corresponding period effective as room closure stay. During this period they are allowed to visit the side away from the fire on average by no more than Heat 140 K above the initial temperature, but at none Measuring point a temperature increase of more than 180 K above the initial temperature may occur.
Einschalige Wandteile mit handelsüblichen Glassteinelementen erfüllen diese Anforderungen selbst für die Feuerwiderstandsklasse F 30 nicht, das heißt für eine Feuerwiderstandsdauer von 30 Minuten. Dementsprechend sind bisher auch keine Glassteinelemente bekannt, mit denen sich einschalige Wandteile der Feuerwiderstandsklassen F 60 und F 90 herstellen lassen.Single-walled wall parts with commercially available Glass brick elements meet these requirements even for the fire resistance class F 30 does not, i.e. for one Fire resistance duration of 30 minutes. Are accordingly so far no known glass stone elements with which single shell wall parts of fire resistance classes F 60 and Have F 90 manufactured.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, Glassteinelemente bereitzustellen, mit denen einschalige Wandteile herstellbar sind, die wenigstens der Feuerwiderstandsklasse F 30 entsprechen, und die darüber hinaus auch für höhere Feuerwiderstandsklassen eingesetzt werden können.The invention has for its object glass stone elements provide with which single-walled wall parts can be produced, at least the fire resistance class F 30 correspond, and also for higher ones Fire resistance classes can be used.
Gemäß der Erfindung wird diese Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß das Glassteinelement aus zwei Hohlglassteinen besteht, die entlang einer eine Sichtfläche bildenden Wand mittels einer Klebemasse zu einer Einheit miteinander verbunden sind. According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the glass block element consists of two hollow glass blocks that along a wall forming a visible surface by means of a Adhesive are connected to one another.
Zweckmäßigerweise bestehen die einzelnen Hohlglassteine jeweils aus zwei Glassteinhalbschalen, deren Seitenwände mittels eines wasserdampfdiffusionsdichten Klebers miteinander verklebt, oder die vorzugsweise miteinander verschweißt sind. Hohlglassteine dieser Art sind allgemein üblich, so daß erfindungsgemäß zwei übliche Hohlglassteine miteinander verbunden werden, um ein feuerwiderstandsfähiges Glassteinelement zu erhalten, das der Feuerwiderstandsklasse F 30 entspricht.The individual hollow glass stones expediently consist each of two glass stone half-shells, the side walls using a water vapor diffusion-tight adhesive glued together, or preferably together are welded. Hollow glass stones of this type are common usual, so that according to the invention two conventional hollow glass stones be connected to one another to get fire-resistant glass block element that corresponds to fire resistance class F 30.
Die Feuerwiderstandsfähigkeit des erfindungsgemäßen Glassteinelements läßt sich erhöhen, wenn in Weiterbildung der Erfindung die die Sichtflächen bildenden Wände der Hohlglassteine eine Wandstärke von wenigstens 18 mm, und vorzugsweise von 18 bis 22 mm aufweisen. Dabei wird selbstverständlich davon ausgegangen, daß die erfindungsgemäßen Glassteinelemente nicht aus hochschmelzenden Spezialglaszusammensetzungen bestehen, sondern aus Silikatglaszusammensetzungen, aus denen üblicherweise Hohlglassteine hergestellt werden.The fire resistance of the invention Glass brick element can be increased if in training the invention the walls forming the visible surfaces of the Hollow glass bricks have a wall thickness of at least 18 mm, and preferably from 18 to 22 mm. there it is naturally assumed that the glass stone elements according to the invention are not suitable there are high-melting special glass compositions, but from silicate glass compositions from which usually hollow glass stones are made.
Eine weitere wesentliche Erhöhung der Feuerwiderstandsfähigkeit läßt sich erreichen, wenn in Weiterbildung der Erfindung zwischen den Glassteinhalbschalen wenigstens eines der Hohlglassteine eine Trennwand aus einer Glasscheibe angeordnet ist, die auf wenigstens einer Seite mit einer IR-reflektierenden Beschichtung versehen ist. Mit Glassteinelementen dieses Aufbaus lassen sich einschalige Wandteile der Feuerwiderstandsklasse F 90 und höher herstellen.Another significant increase in Fire resistance can be achieved if in Development of the invention between the Glass stone half-shells of at least one of the hollow glass stones a partition made of a glass sheet is arranged, the on at least one side with an IR reflective Coating is provided. With glass stone elements this Single-shell wall parts of the Establish fire resistance class F 90 and higher.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen und aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung zweier Ausführungsbeispiele anhand der Zeichnungen. Further advantageous refinements and developments the invention emerge from the subclaims and the following description of two exemplary embodiments based on the drawings.
Von den Zeichnungen zeigt
- Fig. 1
- ein im Schnitt dargestelltes Glassteinelement aus zwei ganzflächig miteinander verklebten Einkammer-Hohlglassteinen, und
- Fig. 2
- ein ebenfalls im Schnitt dargestelltes Glassteinelement aus zwei im Randbereich miteinander verklebten Zweikammer-Hohlglassteinen mit jeweils zwischengeschalteter beschichteter Trennwand.
- Fig. 1
- a section of glass block made of two single-chamber hollow glass blocks glued together over the entire surface, and
- Fig. 2
- a glass block element, also shown in section, consisting of two two-chamber hollow glass blocks bonded to one another in the edge region, each with a coated partition wall interposed therebetween.
Das in Fig. 1 dargestellte Glassteinelement besteht aus
zwei Hohlglassteinen 1, 10, die über eine Kleberschicht 12
aus einer lichtdurchlässigen Klebermasse ganzflächig
miteinander verklebt sind. Die Hohlglassteine 1, 10 haben
quadratische Sichtflächen, beispielsweise mit den
Abmessungen 19 x 19 cm, und eine Dickenabmessung von 8 cm.
Jeder Hohlglasstein 1, 10 besteht aus zwei Halbschalen 2,
3, deren Seitenwände 4, 5 miteinander verschweißt sind. Die
die Sichtflächen bildenden Wände 6, 7 der Halbschalen 2, 3
haben eine Wandstärke, das heißt eine Dicke, von etwa
20 mm, wohingegen bei den üblichen Hohlglassteinen die
entsprechenden Wände eine Wandstärke von nur 6 bis 7 mm
aufweisen. Auf den Außenflächen sind die Wände 6, 7 in
diesem Fall eben ausgebildet. Die Hohlglassteine bestehen
aus Kalk-Natron-Silikatglas der üblichen Zusammensetzung.
Als Klebemasse 12 kann ein handelsüblicher transparenter-Kleber
verwendet werden, wobei mit besonderem Vorteil
hitzebeständige Kleber auf Wasserglasbasis zum Einsatz
kommen können.The glass block element shown in Fig. 1 consists of
two
Ein Glassteinelement mit demgegenüber weiter erhöhter
Feuerwiderstandsdauer ist in Fig. 2 dargestellt. Auch in
diesem Fall besteht das Glassteinelement aus zwei
Hohlglassteinen 14, 24 der Abmessungen 19 x 19 x 8 cm, die
entlang einer Sichtfläche miteinander verklebt sind. In
diesem Fall weisen die Hohlglassteine 14, 24 jedoch auf
ihren Sichtflächen eine umlaufende Randwulst 15 auf, und
die Verklebung erfolgt ausschließlich zwischen diesen
umlaufenden Randwülsten 15 durch die Kleberschicht 16. Der
infolge der Randwülste 15 zwischen den beiden
Hohlglassteinen gebildete Zwischenraum 17 muß evakuiert
oder mit trockener Luft oder einem trockenen Gas gefüllt
sein, damit sich nicht bei tiefen Temperaturen infolge
Unterschreitung des Taupunktes ein
Feuchtigkeitsniederschlag bildet. Bei der Verklebung der
beiden Hohlglassteine 14, 24 sind also entsprechende
Maßnahmen zu ergreifen.A glass stone element with a further increased
Fire resistance duration is shown in Fig. 2. Also in
In this case, the glass block element consists of two
Die Hohlglassteine 14, 24 bestehen in diesem Fall jeweils
aus zwei Halbschalen 18, 19, die unter Zwischenschaltung
einer Glasscheibe 20 aus 4 mm dickem Floatglas miteinander
verklebt sind. Die Klebeschichten 21, über die die
Halbschalen 18, 19 und die Glasscheibe 20 miteinander
verklebt sind, bestehen aus einem
wasserdampfdiffusionsdichten Kleber, wie sie als solche im
Handel erhältlich sind. Beispielsweise hat sich als Kleber
hierfür das unter dem Handelsnamen PACTAN 3040 der Firma
"Heidelberger Baustofftechnik" erhältliche Produkt bewährt.
Die Verklebung muß auch hier wiederum in einer Umgebung aus
trockener Luft oder einem trockenen Gas erfolgen, um ein
Beschlagen der Hohlräume bei niedrigen Temperaturen zu
vermeiden. Die Glasscheiben 20 sind auf einer Seite mit
einer IR-reflektierenden Schicht 22 versehen, bei der es
sich beispielsweise um eine nach einem Vakuumverfahren
aufgebrachte Mehrfachschicht mit einer Funktionsschicht aus
Silber, oder um eine pyrolytisch aufgebrachte Oxidschicht,
insbesondere aus fluordotiertem Zinnoxid, handeln kann.The
Die die Sichtflächen der Hohlglassteine bildenden Wände 26
und 27 weisen wiederum eine erheblich größere Dicke auf als
die entsprechenden Wände der üblichen Hohlglassteine. Gute
Ergebnisse werden erzielt, wenn diese Wände eine Wandstärke
von etwa 20 mm aufweisen.The
Aus diesen Glassteinelementen wurden zum Zweck der
Brandschutzprüfung Wandelemente der Abmessungen 3,0 x 3,0 m
hergestellt. Beim Aufbau der Wandelemente wurden bewehrte
Fugen von etwa 15 mm Breite aus Wärmedämm-Mörtel
vorgesehen. Die Fugen wurden horizontal in jeder Fuge mit
3 x Ø 6 mm feuerverzinktem Betonstabstahl S 500 gerippt,
und vertikal in jeder zweiten Fuge mit 2 x Ø 6 mm
feuerverzinktem Betonstabstahl S 500 gerippt bewehrt. Das
Glasstein-Wandelement wurde ferner mit einem umlaufenden
bewehrten Randstreifen aus Wärmedämm-Mörtel nach DIN 1053
IIa mit einer Breite von 80 mm und einer Höhe von 160 mm
versehen, wobei die Bewehrung des Randstreifens aus
3 x Ø 8 mm feuerverzinktem Betonstabstahl S 500 gerippt
bestand.These glass stone elements were used for the purpose of
Fire protection test wall elements measuring 3.0 x 3.0 m
manufactured. Reinforcement was used to build the wall elements
Joints about 15 mm wide from thermal insulation mortar
intended. The joints were horizontal in each joint
3 x
Vier derart vorbereitete Wandelemente wurden der Brandschutzprüfung nach der Einheits-Temperatur-Zeitkurve unterzogen, wobei bei einer Brandschutzprüfung nach einer Branddauer von 89 Minuten das Wandelement einer Stoßbeanspruchung von 3000 Nm in der Wandmitte ausgesetzt wurde. Bei der ersten Stoßbeanspruchung blieb der Raumabschluß erhalten; erst bei der zweiten Stoßbeanspruchung wurde der Raumabschluß unterbrochen. Die erlaubten höchsten Wärmedurchtrittswerte wurden in allen Fällen innerhalb von 90 Minuten nicht überschritten, so daß diese Wandelemente die Bedingungen der Feuerwiderstandsklasse F 90 erfüllen.Four wall elements prepared in this way became the Fire protection test according to the standard temperature-time curve subjected to a fire protection test after a Fire duration of 89 minutes Shock stress of 3000 Nm exposed in the middle of the wall has been. At the first shock, the Received room closure; only at the second Impact was interrupted the room. The allowed maximum heat transfer values were in all Cases not exceeded within 90 minutes, so that these wall elements the conditions of Fire resistance class F 90.
Claims (8)
- Glass brick element for single-skin fire-resistant wall sections of fire resistance class F, characterised in that it comprises two hollow glass bricks (1, 10; 14, 24) joined together into a single unit by means of an adhesive paste (12; 16) along a wall (6, 7; 26, 27) forming a visible surface.
- Glass brick element according to claim 1, characterised in that the walls (6, 7; 26, 27) of the hollow glass bricks (1, 10; 14, 24) forming the visible surfaces have a wall thickness of at least 18 mm.
- Glass brick element according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the hollow glass bricks (1, 10) each consist of two glass brick half-shells (2, 3), the side walls (4, 5) of which are welded or glued together by means of an adhesive impermeable to water vapour diffusion.
- Glass brick element according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the mutually connected walls (26, 27) of the hollow glass brick (14, 24) have on their outside a peripheral outer edge bead (15) and are connected together via this edge bead (15) by means of an adhesive (16) impermeable to water vapour diffusion.
- Glass brick element according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the mutually connected walls (6, 7) of the hollow glass bricks (1, 10), structured essentially flat on their outside, are glued together over the entire area by means of a light-permeable adhesive layer (12).
- Glass brick element according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that between the glass brick half-shells (18, 19) of at least one of the hollow glass bricks (14, 24) is arranged a partition wall made from a glass plate (20).
- Glass brick element according to claim 6, characterised in that the glass brick half-shells (18, 19) and the glass plate (20) are connected together by means of an adhesive (16) impermeable to water vapour diffusion.
- Glass brick element according to claim 6 or 7, characterised in that glass plate (20) arranged between the glass brick half-shells (18, 19) of the hollow glass bricks (14, 24) has an IR-reflective coating (22) on at least one side.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19700750 | 1997-01-11 | ||
| DE19700750 | 1997-01-11 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0853167A2 EP0853167A2 (en) | 1998-07-15 |
| EP0853167A3 EP0853167A3 (en) | 1999-07-28 |
| EP0853167B1 true EP0853167B1 (en) | 2001-11-14 |
Family
ID=7817177
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP97122167A Expired - Lifetime EP0853167B1 (en) | 1997-01-11 | 1997-12-16 | Fire resistant glass block |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0853167B1 (en) |
| CZ (1) | CZ292154B6 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE29721211U1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2166039T3 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103397732A (en) * | 2013-04-17 | 2013-11-20 | 舒本林 | Machine for making bricks from straws, and straw bricks |
| CN107882255A (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2018-04-06 | 富驰设计有限责任公司 | The isolated element and the wall construction element of glass block constructed including face formula |
| US10640976B2 (en) | 2015-08-31 | 2020-05-05 | Marco Semadeni | Component made of hollow glass blocks |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2003093598A1 (en) | 2002-04-29 | 2003-11-13 | Vetroarredo Sediver S.P.A. | Concrete and glass tile |
| FR2850991B1 (en) * | 2003-02-12 | 2006-06-23 | Rochere | GLASS BRICK ASSEMBLY |
| IT202100006347A1 (en) * | 2021-03-17 | 2022-09-17 | Bormioli Rocco S A | CONSTRUCTION ELEMENT IN GLASS CEMENT WITH HIGH THERMAL INSULATION. |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2830504A1 (en) * | 1978-07-12 | 1980-01-31 | Ver Glaswerke Gmbh | Glass building block contg. transparent intermediate wall - which is glass pane with coating reflecting infrared radiation and improving thermal insulation provided by the block |
| DE2902747C2 (en) * | 1979-01-25 | 1982-11-11 | Vereinigte Glaswerke Gmbh, 5100 Aachen | Pressed glass body for the production of a welded hollow glass block |
-
1997
- 1997-11-29 DE DE29721211U patent/DE29721211U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-12-16 ES ES97122167T patent/ES2166039T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-12-16 DE DE59705379T patent/DE59705379D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-12-16 EP EP97122167A patent/EP0853167B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1998
- 1998-01-07 CZ CZ199836A patent/CZ292154B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103397732A (en) * | 2013-04-17 | 2013-11-20 | 舒本林 | Machine for making bricks from straws, and straw bricks |
| US10640976B2 (en) | 2015-08-31 | 2020-05-05 | Marco Semadeni | Component made of hollow glass blocks |
| CN107882255A (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2018-04-06 | 富驰设计有限责任公司 | The isolated element and the wall construction element of glass block constructed including face formula |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE59705379D1 (en) | 2001-12-20 |
| DE29721211U1 (en) | 1998-01-22 |
| EP0853167A3 (en) | 1999-07-28 |
| CZ3698A3 (en) | 1998-07-15 |
| ES2166039T3 (en) | 2002-04-01 |
| EP0853167A2 (en) | 1998-07-15 |
| CZ292154B6 (en) | 2003-08-13 |
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