EP0845542B1 - Verfahren zur Herstellung von Aluminium Halbzeugen - Google Patents
Verfahren zur Herstellung von Aluminium Halbzeugen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0845542B1 EP0845542B1 EP97110712A EP97110712A EP0845542B1 EP 0845542 B1 EP0845542 B1 EP 0845542B1 EP 97110712 A EP97110712 A EP 97110712A EP 97110712 A EP97110712 A EP 97110712A EP 0845542 B1 EP0845542 B1 EP 0845542B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- melt
- less
- semi
- alloy
- aluminium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 32
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 title claims description 21
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 17
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 title claims 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000951 Aluminide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 239000000274 aluminium melt Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 10
- OQPDWFJSZHWILH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Al].[Al].[Al].[Ti] Chemical compound [Al].[Al].[Al].[Ti] OQPDWFJSZHWILH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910021324 titanium aluminide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009750 centrifugal casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000029142 excretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D21/00—Casting non-ferrous metals or metallic compounds so far as their metallurgical properties are of importance for the casting procedure; Selection of compositions therefor
- B22D21/002—Castings of light metals
- B22D21/007—Castings of light metals with low melting point, e.g. Al 659 degrees C, Mg 650 degrees C
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for Manufacture of workpieces or semi-finished products from one low wear aluminum alloy with intermetallic Phase forming additives.
- a powder with non-aluminum components a dimension of ⁇ 10 ⁇ m is obtained, and this becomes a Body formed at temperatures between 330 ° and 520 ° C is sintered.
- the aluminum alloy can be additives contain titanium and zirconium; there is also talk of an extrusion of the sintered body. It also becomes a Surface area of the body using laser beams or Plasma welding melted extremely briefly and again solidifies to achieve surface hardening.
- JP-A-5 148 563 is concerned with the production of Electrode material for electrolytic capacitors, where as Starting material an aluminum foil material by means of a Cooling roller was manufactured while doing fine dentritic intermetallic precipitates were formed. To glassy Phases, i.e. amorphous solidified phases of the aluminum matrix in These foils are used to convert a crystalline form melted for further processing, the intermetallic phases are not yet fluid. The Material then slows down on a single roller solidifies to a crystalline solidification of the Aluminum matrix to maintain the thin films. Electrolytic capacitors are then produced from this.
- the present invention is based on the object To create methods of the type described above with which also includes thick-walled, voluminous workpieces or semi-finished products made of a low-wear aluminum alloy in the Casting processes can be made that are qualitative are high.
- the process is also intended to manufacture of semi-finished products, which can be found in a subsequent Have the forming process formed into workpieces without doing so due to inhomogeneities the positive properties of the Casting material get lost.
- This task is carried out in a method of the type mentioned solved according to the invention in that in a first Step a melt the alloy in such a low amount Dimension is shed that high Cooling rate is reached that the forming precipitation crystals of the intermetallic Phases distributed homogeneously and with a defined grain size the melt are excreted; that in the first Step material obtained at temperatures in the range of the heterogeneous area between aluminum melt and intermetallic phase and the aluminum so far that the alloy is melted under Gravity is fluid and then that one Workpiece or a semi-finished product with compared to the dimension of the Primary material of larger dimensions is created.
- the melt is according to the invention cooled very quickly, so that a homogeneous distribution of the precipitating intermetallic phases or Precipitation crystals is reached. While due to Diffusion processes at very slow Solidification processes inside a thick-walled Cast the precipitation crystals a dimension of 80 ⁇ m and above can be according to the invention by rapid cooling, a fine-grained, homogeneous distribution the precipitation crystals "frozen". This is according to of the invention achieved in that the melt in the first step is cast with a small dimension, which depending on the available Cooling capacity less than 50 mm, preferably less than Is 20 mm.
- the melt can be used for technical implementation in continuous casting "finger thick" or in ingots or tapes, in particular also be cast on a casting wheel.
- the intermetallic phases succeed in train defined grain size.
- the grain size should be in in any case less than 80 ⁇ m, preferably less than 40 ⁇ m and particularly preferably less than 20 ⁇ m be. The best results are achieved when the Dimension or the cooling rate so high is that grain sizes of less than 5 ⁇ m result.
- intermetallic phases are preferably aluminides, but in principle it could also be compounds of the alloying elements.
- the alloying elements for forming aluminides as intermetallic phases are preferably titanium and zircon which crystallize out to form Al 3 Ti and Al 3 Zr. If titanium is added, the remelting temperature in the second step of the method according to the invention is about 800 ° Celsius.
- the aluminum matrix is already liquid again at this temperature, but the titanium aluminide formed, Al 3 Ti, with a melting point of 1460 ° Celsius is still solid. Due to the low solubility of the Al 3 Ti in the aluminum melt of about 0.4%, the precipitation crystals are largely preserved and are not dissolved.
- the temperature to which the starting material is reheated in the second step of the process according to the invention must be kept well below the melting temperature of the intermetallic phase in question, but on the other hand it must be so high that a sufficient proportion of melt for the subsequent shaping into the desired dimensions is available.
- the subsequent shaping or reshaping can be done by simple gravity casting but also in pressure or centrifugal casting.
- the semi-finished products with larger dimensions that are produced in this way are particularly suitable for forming, for example, in the extrusion process, forging, rolling or tixocasting, since the fine-grained hard precipitation crystals are not destroyed during the forming processes and the wear-reducing phases are evenly distributed.
- additives such as copper, Magnesium, manganese are used, which is the matrix hardness increase the alloy. It can also prove to be turn out to be advantageous if other hard crystals, such as e.g. Silicon to be embedded in the aluminum matrix.
- the micrograph according to FIG. 1 shows a fine-grained, homogeneous structure of a low-wear aluminum alloy, titanium and other additives which increase the matrix hardness being added.
- the dark phases represent precipitation crystals.
- a strand in the order of magnitude of approx. 20 mm in diameter was cast and thereby solidified so quickly that precipitation crystals in the form of titanium aluminide, Al 3 Ti, homogeneously distributed with a dimension of less than 80 microns.
- the desired grain size is set via the strand dimensions and the heat dissipation conditions.
- the approximately "finger-thick" continuous casting is then brought back to a temperature of approximately 800 ° Celsius in a second process step, at which the aluminum matrix of the primary material is at least partially melted, so that a sufficient amount of melt for molding or casting a workpiece is compared the dimension of the finger-thick strand of the primary material of larger dimension or for the casting of a semi-finished product, such as a thick rug, for a subsequent extrusion process.
- the remelting temperature in the second step of the process is significantly below the melting temperature of the titanium aluminide and furthermore the solubility of the titanium aluminide in the aluminum melt at the remelting temperature is only 0.4%, the fine-grained precipitates of the titanium aluminide are largely retained and also characterize the structure of the final workpiece or semi-finished product.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
Description
- Figur 1
- ein Schliffbild eines unter Anwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens hergestellten Werkstücks und
- Figur 2
- ein der Figur 1 entsprechendes Schliffbild eines in einem einzigen Schritt gegossenen Werkstücks.
Claims (15)
- Verfahren zum Herstellen von Werkstücken oder Halbzeugen aus einer verschleißarmen Aluminium-Legierung mit intermetallische Phasen bildenden Zusätzen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in einem ersten Schritt eine Schmelze der Legierung in derart geringer Abmessung vergossen wird, dass eine so hohe Abkühlungsgeschwindigkeit erreicht wird, dass die sich bildenden Ausscheidungskristalle der intermetallischen Phasen homogen verteilt und mit definierter Korngröße aus der Schmelze ausgeschieden werden; dass das im ersten Schritt erhaltene Vormaterial auf Temperaturen im Bereich des heterogenen Gebietes zwischen Aluminium-Schmelze und intermetallischer Phase erhitzt und das Aluminium soweit aufgeschmolzen wird, dass der Werkstoff unter Schwerkraftbedingungen fließfähig ist, und dass dann ein Werkstück oder ein Halbzeug mit gegenüber der Abmessung des Vormaterials größerer Abmessung geformt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die geringe Abmessung, mit der die Schmelze im ersten Schritt vergossen wird, geringer als 50 mm ist.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die geringe Abmessung, mit der die Schmelze im ersten Schritt vergossen wird, geringer als 20 mm ist.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die definierte Korngröße der Ausscheidungskristalle geringer als 80 µm ist.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die definierte Korngröße der Ausscheidungskristalle geringer als 40 µm ist.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die definierte Korngröße der Ausscheidungskristalle geringer als 20 µm ist.
- Verfahren nach wenigstens einem der vorstehenden Ansprüchen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es sich bei den intermetallischen Phasen um Aluminide handelt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es sich um solche Aluminide handelt, deren Löslichkeit in der Aluminium-Schmelze bei der Wiederaufschmelztemperatur des zweiten Schrittes geringer als 5%, vorzugsweise geringer als 1% ist.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es sich bei den Aluminiden um Al3Ti oder Al3Zr handelt.
- Verfahren nach wenigstens einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der intermetallische Phasen bildende Zusatz Titan oder eine Titanlegierung ist.
- Verfahren nach wenigstens einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der intermetallische Phasen bildende Zusatz Zirkon oder eine Zirkonlegierung ist.
- Verfahren nach wenigstens einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zusätzliche die Matrixhärte der Legierung erhöhende Zusätze, wie Cu, Mg, Mn, verwendet werden.
- Verfahren nach wenigstens einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Silizium in die Matrix eingelagert wird.
- Verfahren nach wenigstens einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Halbzeug in die Form eines Barrens oder Rugels gebracht wird.
- Verfahren nach wenigstens einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Halbzeug im Strangpreßverfahren oder Tixocasting zu einem Werkstück geformt wird.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19649015 | 1996-11-27 | ||
| DE19649015A DE19649015A1 (de) | 1996-11-27 | 1996-11-27 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Aluminium Halbzeugen |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0845542A1 EP0845542A1 (de) | 1998-06-03 |
| EP0845542B1 true EP0845542B1 (de) | 2002-09-25 |
Family
ID=7812854
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP97110712A Expired - Lifetime EP0845542B1 (de) | 1996-11-27 | 1997-07-01 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Aluminium Halbzeugen |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0845542B1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE19649015A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113646116A (zh) * | 2019-02-07 | 2021-11-12 | 埃奎斯费雷斯公司 | 用于包括再熔工艺的应用的具有低沉淀物密度的合金及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5669346A (en) * | 1979-11-07 | 1981-06-10 | Showa Alum Ind Kk | Aluminum alloy for working and its manufacture |
| JPS61117204A (ja) * | 1984-11-12 | 1986-06-04 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Al合金製高強度構造用部材 |
| IT1229029B (it) * | 1989-04-14 | 1991-07-12 | Polvara Maria Crosti Giovanni | Processo per la produzione di leghe di alluminio colate allo stato semiliquido, nonche' impianto per la sua attuazione. |
| GB2243620B (en) * | 1990-03-27 | 1994-06-29 | Atsugi Unisia Corp | Improvements in and relating to forming aluminium-silicon alloy |
| JPH05148563A (ja) * | 1991-07-30 | 1993-06-15 | Nippon Steel Corp | 電解コンデンサ電極用材料の製造方法 |
| DE4321640C2 (de) * | 1993-06-30 | 1998-08-06 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zum gerichteten Erstarren einer Metallschmelze und Gießvorrichtung zu seiner Durchführung |
| JPH07109536A (ja) * | 1993-10-12 | 1995-04-25 | Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd | 鍛造用アルミニウム合金及びその熱処理 |
| JPH07258770A (ja) * | 1994-03-18 | 1995-10-09 | Suzuki Motor Corp | アルミニウム合金とその製造方法 |
-
1996
- 1996-11-27 DE DE19649015A patent/DE19649015A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1997
- 1997-07-01 EP EP97110712A patent/EP0845542B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-07-01 DE DE59708317T patent/DE59708317D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0845542A1 (de) | 1998-06-03 |
| DE19649015A1 (de) | 1998-05-28 |
| DE59708317D1 (de) | 2002-10-31 |
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