EP0844878A1 - Analogues de nucleosides 1,3-oxathiolane utilises dans le traitement de l'hepatite c - Google Patents

Analogues de nucleosides 1,3-oxathiolane utilises dans le traitement de l'hepatite c

Info

Publication number
EP0844878A1
EP0844878A1 EP96930043A EP96930043A EP0844878A1 EP 0844878 A1 EP0844878 A1 EP 0844878A1 EP 96930043 A EP96930043 A EP 96930043A EP 96930043 A EP96930043 A EP 96930043A EP 0844878 A1 EP0844878 A1 EP 0844878A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
formula
compound
hepatitis
treatment
pharmaceutically acceptable
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP96930043A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Hugh Brownlie Glaxo Wellcome Plc Mcdade
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Glaxo Group Ltd
Original Assignee
Glaxo Group Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Glaxo Group Ltd filed Critical Glaxo Group Ltd
Publication of EP0844878A1 publication Critical patent/EP0844878A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
    • A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
    • A61K31/506—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/12—Antivirals

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to fhe use of nucleoside analogues in the treatment of viral infections. More specifically it is concerned with the use of 1, 3-oxathiolane nucleoside analogues in the treatment of hepatitis C.
  • Hepatitis C formerly known as non-A-non-B hepatitis (NANB hepatitis), is a viral disease believed to be transmitted parenterally by contaminated material such as blood and blood products, contaminated needles, sexually and vertically from infected or carrier mothers to their off-spring.
  • NANB hepatitis non-A-non-B hepatitis
  • hepatitis B The disease is commonly associated with transfusion of blood or blood products and is now a much more common cause of post-transfusion hepatitis than is hepatitis B. In countries where it is common to administer medicaments by intramuscular injection there is a high incidence of hepatitis C.
  • PCT patent application publication number WO 91/17159 specifically describes the compound (2R, cis)-4-amino-1-(2-hydroxymethyl-1 ,3-oxathiolane-5-yl)-(1 H)- pyrimidin-2-one (also known as lamivudine) and its use in the treatment of HIV infections.
  • Lamivudine is the (-)-enantiomer of the racemate BCH-189 specifically described in EPA 0382526.
  • PCT patent application publication number WO92/11852 describes the use of BCH-189 and its individual enantiomers, including lamivudine, for the treatment of hepatitis B.
  • BCH-189 and its individual enantiomers including lamivudine are active against the hepatitis C virus.
  • the invention accordingly provides, in a first aspect, a method for the treatment of an animal, including man, infected with or susceptible to infection with the hepatitis C virus comprising the administration of an effective amount of a compound of formula (I)
  • the compound of formula (I) is a cis compound and contains two chiral centres (shown in formula (I) by *).
  • the compound exists as two enantiomers, compound of formulae (la) and (lb) respectively.
  • the compound of formula (I) is preferably in the form of a racemic mixture or its (-)-enantiomer (compound of formula (lb)) but a mixture of compounds of formulae (la) and (lb) in any ratio may be employed in the invention.
  • the compound of formula (I) has the chemical name cjs-4-amino-1-(2 hydroxymethyl-1 ,3-oxathiolan-5-yl)-(1H)-pyrimidin-2-one. It is also known as BCH- 189.
  • the (-)-enantiomer has the chemical name (-)-cis-4-amino-1-(2- hydroxymethyl-1 ,3-oxathiolan-5-yl)-(1H)-pyrimidin-2-one and has the absolute stereochemistry of the compound of formula (lb) which has the name (2R, cis)-4- amino-1-(2-hydroxymethyl-1 ,3-oxathiolan-5-yl)-(1H)-pyrimidin-2-one. It is also known as lamivudine.
  • the (-)-enantiomer when employed it will be substantially free of the corresponding (+)-enantiomer, that is to say no more than about 5% w/w of the (+)-enantiomer, preferably no more than about 2%, in particular less than about 1 % w/w will be present.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable derivative any pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, or salt of such ester, of a compound of formula (I) or any other compound which, upon administration to the recipient, is capable of providing (directly or indirectly) a compound of formula (I) or an antivirally active metabolite or residue thereof.
  • the compounds of formula (I) may be modified, to provide pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives thereof, at functional groups in both the base moiety and at the hydroxymethyl group of the oxathioiane ring. Modification at all such functional groups are included within the scope of the invention.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives e.g. esters obtained by modification of the 2- hydroxymethyl group of the oxathioiane ring.
  • phenyl optionally substituted by halogen, C 1-4 alkyl or C ⁇ _, alkoxy); substituted dihydro pyridinyl (e.g. N-methyldihydro pyridinyl); sulphonate esters such as alkyl- or aralkylsulphonyl (e.g. methanesulphonyl); sulphate esters, amino acid esters (e.g. L-valyl or L- isoleucyl) and mono-,di- or tri-phosphate esters.
  • dihydro pyridinyl e.g. N-methyldihydro pyridinyl
  • sulphonate esters such as alkyl- or aralkylsulphonyl (e.g. methanesulphonyl)
  • sulphate esters amino acid esters (e.g. L-valyl or L- isoleucyl) and mono-,di- or tri
  • esters derived from polyfunctional acids such as carboxylic acids containing more than one carboxyl group, for example, dicarboxylic acids HO 2 C(CH 2 )nCO 2 H where n is an integer of 1 to 10 (for example, succinic acid) or phosphoric acids.
  • Methods for preparing such esters are well known. See, for example, Hahn et at., "Nucleotide Dimers as Anti Human Immunodeficiency Virus Agents", Nucleotide Analogues, pp. 156-159 (1989) and Busso et al., "Nucleotide Dimers Suppress HIV Expression In Vitro", AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses. 4(6), pp. 449-455 (1988).
  • any alkyl moiety present advantageously contains 1 to 16 carbon atoms, particularly 1 to 4 carbon atoms and could contain one or more double bonds.
  • Any aryl moiety present in such esters advantageously comprises a phenyl group.
  • esters may be a C 1-16 alkyl ester, an unsubstituted benzoyl ester or a benzoyl ester substituted by at least one halogen (bromine, chlorine, fluorine or iodine), C 1-6 alkyl, saturated or unsaturated C ⁇ alkoxy, nitro or trifluoromethyl groups.
  • halogen bromine, chlorine, fluorine or iodine
  • Pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds of formula (I) include those derived from pharmaceutically acceptable inorganic and organic acids and bases.
  • suitable acids include hydrochloric, hydrobromic, sulphuric, nitric, perchloric, fumaric, maleic, phosphoric, glycollic, lactic, salicylic, succinic, toluene- p-sulphonic, tartaric, acetic, citric, methanesulphonic, formic, benzoic, maloic, nephthalene-2-sulphonic and benzenesulphonic acids.
  • Other acids such as oxalic, while not in themselves pharmaceutically acceptable, may be useful in the preparation of salts useful as intermediates in obtaining the compounds of the invention and their pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts.
  • Salts derived from appropriate bases include alkali metal (e.g. sodium), alkaline earth metal (e.g. magnesium), ammonium and NR4+ (where R is C 1-4 alkyl) salts.
  • alkali metal e.g. sodium
  • alkaline earth metal e.g. magnesium
  • ammonium e.g. sodium
  • NR4+ where R is C 1-4 alkyl
  • references hereinafter to a compound according to the invention includes both the compound of formula (I) and its pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives.
  • the compound of formula (I) and its individual enantiomers may be prepared by any method known in the art for the preparation of compounds of analogous structure for example by the methods described in EPA 0 382 526, WO 91/ 17159 or WO92/20669, each of which is incorporated herein by reference. It will be appreciated that the amount of a compound of formula (I) required for use in treatment will vary with the route of administration, the nature of the condition being treated and the age and condition of the patient and will be ultimately at the discretion of the attendant physician or veterinarian. In general however a suitable dose will be in the range of from about 0.1 to about 750mg/kg of bodyweight per day preferably in the range of 0.5 to 60 mg/kg/day, most preferably in the range of 1 to 20mg/kg/day.
  • the desired dose may conveniently be presented in a single dose or as divided doses administered at appropriate intervals, for example as two, three, four or more sub-doses per day.
  • the compound is conveniently administered in unit dosage form; for example containing 10 to 1500mg, conveniently 20 to 1000mg, most conveniently 50 to 700mg of active ingredient per unit dosage form.
  • the active ingredient should be administered to achieve peak plasma concentrations of the active compound of form about 1 to about 75.M, preferably about 2 to 50.M, most preferably about 3 to 30.M. This may be achieved, for example, by the intravenous injection of a 0.1 to 5% solution of active ingredient, optionally in saline, or orally administered as a bolus containing about 1 to 100mg of the active ingredient. Desirable blood levels may be maintained by a continuos infusion to provide about 0.01 to about 5.0 mg/kg/hour or by intermittent infusions containing about 0.4 to about 15 mg/kg of the active ingredient.
  • a pharmaceutical formulation will comprise a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative thereof together with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers therefor and, optionally, other therapeutic and or/ prophylactic ingredients.
  • the carrier(s) must be 'acceptable' in the sense of being compatible with the other ingredients of the formulation and not deleterious to the recipient thereof.
  • compositions include those suitable for oral, rectal, nasal, topical (including buccal and sub-lingual), vaginal or parenteral (including intramuscular, sub-cutaneous and intravenous) administration or in a form suitable for administration by inhalation or insufflation.
  • the formulations may, where appropriate, be conveniently presented in discrete dosage units and may be prepared by any of the methods well known in the art of pharmacy. All methods include the step of bringing into association the active compound with liquid carriers or finely divided solid carriers or both and then, if necessary, shaping the product into the desired formulation.
  • compositions suitable for oral administration may conveniently be presented as discrete units such as capsules, cachets or tablets each containing a pre-determined amount of the active ingredient; as a powder or granules; as a solution, a suspension or as an emulsion.
  • the active ingredient may also be presented as a bolus, electuary, or paste.
  • Tablets and capsules for oral administration may contain conventional excipients such as binding agents, fillers, lubricants, disintigrants or wetting agents.
  • the tablets may be coated according to methods well known in the art.
  • Oral liquid preparations may be in the form of, for example, aqueous or oily suspensions, solutions, emulsions, syrups or elixirs, or may be presented as a dry product for constitution with water or other suitable vehicle before use.
  • Such liquid preparations may contain conventional additives such as suspending agents, emulsifying agents, non-aqueous vehicles (which may include edible oils), or preservatives.
  • the compounds for use according to the invention may also be formulated for parenteral administration (e.g. by injection, for example bolus injection or continuous infusion) and may be presented in unit dose form in ampoules, pre ⁇ fiUed syringes, small volume infusion or in multi-dose containers with an added preservative.
  • the compositions may take such forms as suspensions, solutions, or emulsions in oily or aqueous vehicles and may contain formulatory agents such as suspending, stabilising and /or dispersing agents.
  • the active ingredient may be in powder form, obtained by a aseptic isolation of sterile solid or by lyophilisation from solution, for constitution with a suitable vehicle e.g. sterile, pyrogen-free water, before use.
  • a compound of formula (I) may be formulated as ointments, creams or lotions, or as a transdermal patch.
  • Ointments and creams may, for example, be formulated with an aqueous or oily base with the addition of suitable thickening and/or gelling agents.
  • Lotions may be formulated with an aqueous or oily base and will in general also contain one or more emulsifying agents, stabilising agents, dispersing agents, suspending agents, thickening agents, or colouring agents.
  • Formulations suitable for topical administration in the mouth include lozenges comprising active ingredient in a flavoured base, usually sucrose and acacia or tragacanth; pastilles comprising the active ingredient in an inert base such as gelatin and glycerin or sucrose and acacia; and mouthwashes comprising the active ingredient in a suitable liquid carrier.
  • Pharmaceutical formulations suitable for rectal administration wherein the carrier is a solid are most preferably presented as unit dose suppositories. Suitable carriers include cocoa butter and other commonly used materials in the art, and the suppositories may be conveniently formed by admixture of the active compound with the softened or melted carrier(s) followed by chilling and shaping in moulds.
  • Formulations suitable for vaginal administration may be presented as pessaries, tampons, creams, gels, paste, foams or sprays containing in addition to the active ingredient such carriers as are known in the art to be carriers.
  • the compounds of formula (I) may be used as a liquid spray or dispersible powder or in the form of drops.
  • Drops may be formulated with an aqueous or non-aqueous base also comprising one or more dispersing agents, solubilising agents or suspending agents. Liquid sprays are conveniently delivered from pressurised packs.
  • the compounds for use according to the invention are conveniently delivered from an insufflator, nebuliser or a pressure pack or other convenient means of delivering an aerosol spray.
  • Pressurised packs may comprise a suitable propellent such as dichlorodifluoromethane, trichlorofluromethane, dichlorotetrafluoroethane, carbon dioxide or other suitable gas.
  • the dosage unit may be determined by providing a value to deliver a metered amount.
  • the compounds for use according to the invention may take the form of a dry powder composition, for example a powder mix compound and a suitable powder base such as lactose or starch.
  • the powder composition may be presented in unit dosage form in, for example, capsules or cartridges or e.g. gelatin or blister packs from which the powder may be administered with the aid of an inhalator or insufflator.
  • compositions for use in the present invention may also contain other active ingredients such as antimicrobial agents, or preservatives.
  • Suitable formulations for use in the invention are described for example in EPA 0382526 and WO 91/17159.
  • a compound of formula (I) may also be used in accordance with the invention in combination with other therapeutic agents for example other antiinfective agents.
  • the compounds of the invention may be employed together with known antiviral agents.
  • the compound of formula (I) may be used in combination with an interferon, which may be recombinant or lymphoblastoid, such as interferon- ⁇ , ⁇ or ⁇ , preferably interferon- ⁇ , or with ribavirin, or with thymosin alpha.
  • compositions comprising a combination as defined above together with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier therefore comprise a further aspect of the invention.
  • each compound may be either the same as or differ from that when the compound is used alone. Appropriate doses will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art.
  • Protocol 10 human subjects were given 300mg of lamivudine twice daily for 12 weeks with a 12-week follow-up period. 9 of the original 10 participants completed the full 12-week course of treatment.
  • ALT Alanine amino transferase
  • HCV RNA was measured by quantitative PCR using 5' non-coding primers and chemiluminescence detection as described by Brillanti S. et al. Gastroenterology 1994; 107: 812-817.
  • ALT Response An overall decreasing trend in median ALT was detected with one patient showing a steady decrease through the treatment. The results are plotted at Figure 1 as Median ALT (IU/L) against Time (weeks).
  • HCV RNA Response Median HCV RNA levels fell from the initial baseline value during the treatment period with two patients experiencing a > 2 log 10 reduction from baseline at the end of the treatment (week 12). The results are plotted at Figure 2 as Median HCV RNA (Log 10 Genomes/ml) at Each Visit against Time (Weeks).

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Communicable Diseases (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oncology (AREA)
  • Virology (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne l'utilisation d'analogues de nucléosides dans le traitement d'infections virales. Plus particulièrement, l'invention concerne l'utilisation d'analogues de nucléosides 1,3-oxathiolane dans le traitement de l'hépatite C.
EP96930043A 1995-08-19 1996-08-16 Analogues de nucleosides 1,3-oxathiolane utilises dans le traitement de l'hepatite c Withdrawn EP0844878A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB9517022.1A GB9517022D0 (en) 1995-08-19 1995-08-19 Medicaments
GB9517022 1995-08-19
PCT/EP1996/003601 WO1997006804A1 (fr) 1995-08-19 1996-08-16 Analogues de nucleosides 1,3-oxathiolane utilises dans le traitement de l'hepatite c

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0844878A1 true EP0844878A1 (fr) 1998-06-03

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96930043A Withdrawn EP0844878A1 (fr) 1995-08-19 1996-08-16 Analogues de nucleosides 1,3-oxathiolane utilises dans le traitement de l'hepatite c

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0844878A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH11512083A (fr)
AU (1) AU6924796A (fr)
GB (1) GB9517022D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1997006804A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA966969B (fr)

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KR20090089922A (ko) * 2000-10-18 2009-08-24 파마셋 인코포레이티드 바이러스 감염 및 비정상적인 세포 증식의 치료를 위한 변형된 뉴클레오시드
MY140680A (en) 2002-05-20 2010-01-15 Bristol Myers Squibb Co Hepatitis c virus inhibitors
WO2004043339A2 (fr) 2002-05-20 2004-05-27 Bristol-Myers Squibb Company Inhibiteurs du virus de l'hepatite c a base de cycloalkyle p1' substitue
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US20050058044A1 (en) * 2003-09-12 2005-03-17 Koegler John M. Optical disk modified for speed and orientation tracking
JP4704342B2 (ja) 2003-09-22 2011-06-15 ベーリンガー インゲルハイム インターナショナル ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング Ｃ型肝炎ウイルスに対し活性な大環状ペプチド
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB9517022D0 (en) 1995-10-25
AU6924796A (en) 1997-03-12
WO1997006804A1 (fr) 1997-02-27
JPH11512083A (ja) 1999-10-19
ZA966969B (en) 1997-03-24

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