EP0842401A1 - Debitmetre massique - Google Patents

Debitmetre massique

Info

Publication number
EP0842401A1
EP0842401A1 EP97927070A EP97927070A EP0842401A1 EP 0842401 A1 EP0842401 A1 EP 0842401A1 EP 97927070 A EP97927070 A EP 97927070A EP 97927070 A EP97927070 A EP 97927070A EP 0842401 A1 EP0842401 A1 EP 0842401A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
measuring tube
coriolis
coriolis measuring
mass flow
flow meter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP97927070A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Yousif A. Hussain
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Krohne AG
Original Assignee
Krohne AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Krohne AG filed Critical Krohne AG
Publication of EP0842401A1 publication Critical patent/EP0842401A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/76—Devices for measuring mass flow of a fluid or a fluent solid material
    • G01F1/78—Direct mass flowmeters
    • G01F1/80—Direct mass flowmeters operating by measuring pressure, force, momentum, or frequency of a fluid flow to which a rotational movement has been imparted
    • G01F1/84—Coriolis or gyroscopic mass flowmeters
    • G01F1/8409—Coriolis or gyroscopic mass flowmeters constructional details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/76—Devices for measuring mass flow of a fluid or a fluent solid material
    • G01F1/78—Direct mass flowmeters
    • G01F1/80—Direct mass flowmeters operating by measuring pressure, force, momentum, or frequency of a fluid flow to which a rotational movement has been imparted
    • G01F1/84—Coriolis or gyroscopic mass flowmeters
    • G01F1/8409—Coriolis or gyroscopic mass flowmeters constructional details
    • G01F1/8413—Coriolis or gyroscopic mass flowmeters constructional details means for influencing the flowmeter's motional or vibrational behaviour, e.g., conduit support or fixing means, or conduit attachments
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/76—Devices for measuring mass flow of a fluid or a fluent solid material
    • G01F1/78—Direct mass flowmeters
    • G01F1/80—Direct mass flowmeters operating by measuring pressure, force, momentum, or frequency of a fluid flow to which a rotational movement has been imparted
    • G01F1/84—Coriolis or gyroscopic mass flowmeters
    • G01F1/8409—Coriolis or gyroscopic mass flowmeters constructional details
    • G01F1/8422—Coriolis or gyroscopic mass flowmeters constructional details exciters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/76—Devices for measuring mass flow of a fluid or a fluent solid material
    • G01F1/78—Direct mass flowmeters
    • G01F1/80—Direct mass flowmeters operating by measuring pressure, force, momentum, or frequency of a fluid flow to which a rotational movement has been imparted
    • G01F1/84—Coriolis or gyroscopic mass flowmeters
    • G01F1/845—Coriolis or gyroscopic mass flowmeters arrangements of measuring means, e.g., of measuring conduits
    • G01F1/8468—Coriolis or gyroscopic mass flowmeters arrangements of measuring means, e.g., of measuring conduits vibrating measuring conduits
    • G01F1/849—Coriolis or gyroscopic mass flowmeters arrangements of measuring means, e.g., of measuring conduits vibrating measuring conduits having straight measuring conduits

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mass flow meter for flowing media, which works according to the Coriolis principle, with an at least essentially straight Coriolis measuring tube, with at least one vibration generator acting on the Coriolis measuring tube and with at least one Coriolis force and / or Coriolis force-based sensor recording Coriolis vibrations.
  • Mass flowmeters for flowing media which work according to the Coriolis principle, are known in various versions (cf., for example, German Patent 41 24 295 and German Laid-Open Application 41 43 361 and those there in columns) 1, lines 20 to 27, the publications listed, the German patent specification 42 24 397 and the publications listed there in column 1, lines 23 to 30, and the German patent application 196 01 342) and have been increasing for some time found in practice.
  • Mass flow meters of the type in question in which the Coriolis measuring tube is straight or the Coriolis measuring tubes are straight, are simple in terms of mechanical construction and consequently can be produced at relatively low cost.
  • the inner surfaces of the Coriolis measuring tube or the Coriolis measuring tubes are also easy to machine; they can be polished easily. Otherwise, they have a relatively low pressure drop. It can be disadvantageous in the case of mass flow measuring devices which operate according to the Coriolis principle and in which the Coriolis measuring tube is straight or the Coriolis measuring tubes are straight.
  • CONFIRMATION COPY be that thermally induced expansions or stresses as well as forces and moments acting from outside can lead to measurement errors and mechanical damage, namely to stress cracks.
  • Mass flow meters that have only a straight Coriolis measuring tube and work according to the Coriolis principle have considerable advantages over those mass flow meters that have either two straight Coriolis measuring tubes or a loop-shaped Coriolis measuring tube.
  • the advantage can be seen primarily in the fact that flow dividers or flow mergers, which are required in mass flow meters with two Coriolis measuring tubes, are not required.
  • a straight Coriolis measuring tube can be manufactured more easily than a loop-shaped Coriolis measuring tube that the pressure drop at a straight Coriolis measuring tube is less than a loop-shaped Coriolis measuring tube and that a straight Coriolis measuring tube can be cleaned better than a loop-shaped Coriolis measuring tube.
  • Mass flow meters which work according to the Coriolis principle and have a straight Coriolis measuring tube, also have a physically or mechanically predetermined disadvantage (cf. European laid-open specification 0 521 439):
  • the mass flow meters working according to the Coriolis principle require that the Coriolis measuring tube is set in vibration, with the aid of at least one vibration generator; from the fact that the Coriolis measuring tube - -
  • the Coriolis measuring tubes or the vibration-effective parts of the loop-shaped Coriolis measuring tubes are designed identically and are arranged and excited in terms of vibration in such a way that they excite one another swing. This has the positive consequence that the vibrating system as a whole does not become effective as such. The position of the center of mass remains constant and any forces that occur are compensated. Consequently, no forces and no vibrations are introduced into the pipeline system in which such a mass flow measuring device is installed, and forces and vibrations of the pipeline system do not influence the measurement result.
  • the known mass flowmeters which have been explained in detail above and work according to the Coriolis principle, are today readily suitable for measuring the flow of liquids with high measuring accuracy, namely with a measuring error of 0.1%. However, they are not equally suitable for measuring the flow of gases.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a mass flow meter of the type in question, with which the flow of gases can also be measured with high measuring accuracy.
  • the mass flow meter according to the invention in which the above-mentioned object is achieved, is initially and essentially characterized in that the vibration generator or the vibration generator is designed and arranged so that the Coriolis measuring tube oscillates about its longitudinal axis.
  • the Coriolis measuring tube can be made with a relatively short length and with a relatively large diameter. This results in low manufacturing costs and a low pressure loss.
  • the oscillation of the Coriolis measuring tube around its longitudinal axis which is realized according to the invention, means that the mass flow meter according to the invention is relatively insensitive to forces and vibrations which are exerted on the mass flow meter by the piping system in which such a mass flow meter is installed.
  • the forces and vibrations which are exerted on the mass flow meter by the piping system into which a mass flow meter according to the invention is installed are those which act horizontally, vertically or axially, but not those which act as vibrations around the longitudinal axis of the Coriolis measuring tube. Consequently, forces and vibrations coming from outside practically do not influence the vibrations of the Coriolis measuring tube about its longitudinal axis, so that consequently such forces and vibrations have practically no influence on the measurement result.
  • the mass flow meter according to the invention can be designed to be particularly sensitive to measurement, because external influences practically do not influence the measurement result. It then follows from this that the mass flow meter according to the invention is also particularly suitable for gases as the flowing medium, because in such a case the Coriolis forces that occur are relatively low, and consequently a high level of measurement sensitivity is required.
  • the measuring tube the z. B. made of stainless steel, Hastelloy, titanium or zirconium can be designed very differently in terms of its cross section.
  • the Coriolis measuring tube can have an elliptical, a circular, a rectangular, that is to say also a square, or an approximately eight-shaped cross section.
  • the cross section of the Coriolis measuring tube - viewed over its length - does not have to be constant, but rather can the Coriolis measuring tube - seen over its length - have different cross-sections and / or cross-sectional shapes.
  • the Coriolis measuring tube has a circular cross section at both ends and an elliptical cross section in the middle. The transition from the circular cross sections at the ends to the elliptical cross section in the middle is of course continuous.
  • the vibration generator or - as a rule - the vibration generator is designed and arranged so that the Coriolis measuring tube oscillates about its longitudinal axis.
  • electromagnetic or piezoelectric vibration generators can be used.
  • a vibration generator or vibration generator is provided on both sides with a symmetrical distance from the center of the Coriolis measuring tube.
  • a preferred embodiment of the mass flow meter according to the invention in this regard is characterized in that two vibration generators are provided and the two vibration generators, preferably offset by 180 °, act tangentially on the Coriolis measuring tube.
  • vibration generators instead of providing only two vibration generators, it is also possible to provide a larger number of vibration generators, for example four vibration generators can be provided, in which case the vibration generators, preferably offset by 90 °, act tangentially on the Coriolis measuring tube. In the same sense means that all vibration generators at the same time, for. B. clockwise and counterclockwise at the same time are effective.
  • a preferred embodiment of the mass flow meter according to the invention is characterized in that four vibration generators are provided, that the vibration generators attack the Coriolis measuring tube, preferably offset by 90 °, that two act by 180 ° offset vibration generators tangentially opposite and the other two vibration generators, offset from each other by 180 ° and offset from the first two vibration generators by 90 ° each, act radially on the Coriolis measuring tube in the same direction and that the forces exerted by the first two vibration generators act in opposite directions to those forces exerted by the other vibrators are directed.
  • a special embodiment of the mass flow meter according to the invention is characterized in that on the inside of the Coriolis measuring tube extending - as it were fin-like - webs extending in the longitudinal direction of the Coriolis measuring tube are, preferably two, three or four webs, possibly even more webs, the webs being expediently arranged uniformly distributed over the circumference of the Coriolis measuring tube.
  • the Coriolis forces occurring act on the webs provided on the inside of the Coriolis measuring tube and thus on the Coriolis measuring tube.
  • the designer has extensive freedom with regard to the design and arrangement of the sensors.
  • the transducers, as known in the art, as well as the vibration generator, for. B. be carried out electromagnetically or piezoelectrically.
  • a straight Coriolis measuring tube can also be arranged concentrically within a preferably circular cylindrical bridge in the mass flow meter according to the invention. It is then advisable to arrange the oscillation generator or the oscillation generators and the measurement transducer or the measurement transducers between the Coriolis measuring tube and the bridge, so that the oscillation generator or the oscillation generators and the measurement transducer or the measurement transducers between the Coriolis measuring tube and the bridge are effective.
  • Fig. 1 is a graphical representation for a general explanation of the teaching of
  • Fig. 2 shows a preferred embodiment of a to an inventive
  • FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal section through a first exemplary embodiment of a mass flow meter according to the invention
  • FIG. 4 shows a longitudinal section through a second exemplary embodiment of a mass flow meter according to the invention
  • FIG. 5 shows a cross section through a preferred exemplary embodiment of a mass flow meter according to the invention
  • Fig. 6 is a graphical representation to explain another teaching of
  • FIG. 7 shows a graphical representation to explain the Coriolis forces occurring in the teaching of the invention according to FIG. 6, FIG.
  • FIG. 8 is a graphical representation corresponding to FIG. 7
  • 9 is a graphical representation corresponding to FIGS. 1 and 6 to explain a further exemplary embodiment of a mass flow measuring device according to the invention
  • Fig. 1 1 is a perspective view belonging to Fig. 10 and
  • Fig. 12 is a graph showing the embodiment of a mass flow meter according to the invention, which is shown in Figs. 10 and 11.
  • the mass flow meter according to the invention for flowing media, in particular for gases, is one that works according to the Coriolis principle.
  • the mass flow measuring device according to the invention initially includes, as a rule, but not functionally required, a housing 1 indicated only in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the mass flow measuring device according to the invention includes an at least essentially, as a rule and in the exemplary embodiments shown exactly straight Coriolis measuring tube 2, at least one vibration generator 3 acting on the Coriolis measuring tube 2 and at least one Coriolis forces and / or Coriolis vibrations based on Coriolis forces are recorded by the measuring transducer 4, as a rule two transducers 4.
  • the vibration generators 3 are initially designed and arranged in such a way that the Coriolis measuring tube 2 oscillates about its longitudinal axis.
  • the Coriolis measuring tube 2 can have an elliptical cross section.
  • the Coriolis measuring tube 2 has an approximately eight-shaped cross section. As shown in FIG. 9, this is not strictly an eight-shaped cross section.
  • the cross-section shown here can also be referred to as a double-circular cross-section, two circular partial cross-sections through a neck like middle part are connected.
  • the Coriolis measuring tube 2 has a circular cross section.
  • the Coriolis measuring tube 2 viewed over its length — can have different cross sections or different cross sectional shapes.
  • the Coriolis measuring tube 2 has a circular cross-section at its two ends and an elliptical cross-section in the middle, the transition from the circular cross-section at the two ends to the elliptical cross-section as shown in FIG. 2 in particular cut in the middle is continuous.
  • arrows indicate that the Coriolis measuring tube 2 swings about its longitudinal axis, on the one hand counterclockwise, and on the other hand clockwise.
  • the end of the Coriolis measuring tube 2 on the inlet side is shown, the center of the Coriolis measuring tube 2 in the middle, and the end of the Coriolis measuring tube 2 on the outlet side is shown on the right. This also applies to parts b) and c) of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 1 Arrows in the middle part b) of FIG. 1 indicate how the Coriolis forces that occur affect a medium flowing through the Coriolis measuring tube 2.
  • the effects at the outlet-side end of the Coriolis measuring tube 2 are opposite to the effects at the inlet-side end of the Coriolis measuring tube 2.
  • Coriolis forces do not occur in the center of the Coriolis measuring tube 2.
  • the lower part c) of FIG. 1 shows by arrows on the one hand the oscillation of the Coriolis measuring tube 2 about its longitudinal axis, and on the other hand the effects of the Coriolis forces that occur.
  • FIGS. 3, 4 and 5 For the exemplary embodiments of mass flow meters according to the invention, to which FIGS. 3, 4 and 5 belong, it applies that two vibration generators 3 are provided and the two vibration generators 3 are offset tangentially on the Coriolis measuring tube 2 by 180 °. There is also the option of more than two Vibration generator 3 to be provided, for example four vibration generators 3, which then act offset tangentially 90 ° in the same direction on the Coriolis measuring tube 2.
  • FIGS. 6, 7 and 8 a further teaching of the invention is realized, which is of very special importance.
  • the oscillation generators 3 act offset by 90 ° on the Coriolis measuring tube 2, namely that two oscillation generators 3a arranged offset by 180 ° in opposite directions tangentially and the two other vibration generators 3b, offset from one another by 180 ° and offset by 90 ° in relation to the first two vibration generators 3a, act radially on the Coriolis measuring tube 2 in the same direction and that the forces exerted by the first two vibration generators 3a are opposite to those of the other vibration generators 3b applied forces are directed.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 arrows indicate how the Coriolis forces affect the Coriolis measuring tube 2 when vibration generators 3a and 3b act on the Coriolis measuring tube 2, as shown in FIG. 6 .
  • FIGS. 6, 7 and 8 show an embodiment of a mass flow meter according to the invention, which is additionally characterized in that on the inside of the Coriolis measuring tube 2 extending in the longitudinal direction of the Coriolis measuring tube 2 - as it were fin-like - webs 5 are provided, namely three webs 5 in the left part of FIG. 10, four webs 5 in the right part of FIG. 10 and two webs 5 in the middle part of FIG.
  • the Coriolis forces that occur act, as indicated in FIG. 12, on the webs 5 provided on the inside of the Coriolis measuring tube 2 and thus on the Coriolis measuring tube 2 as a whole.
  • the designer has extensive freedom, both with regard to the design and with regard to the arrangement of the measuring transducers 4.
  • the measuring transducers 4 as well as the vibration generator 3, e.g. B. electromagnetic or piezoelectric.
  • transducers 4 are provided.
  • the transducers 4 are - seen over the length of the Coriolis measuring tube 2, symmetrical to the center of the Coriolis measuring tube 2, otherwise evenly distributed over the circumference of the Coriolis measuring tube 2.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show exemplary embodiments of mass flow measuring devices according to the invention in which the Coriolis measuring tube 2 is arranged concentrically within a circular-cylindrical bridge 6. In this embodiment, the vibration generators 3 and the transducers 4 are then effective between the Coriolis measuring tube 2 and the bridge 6.
  • At least one temperature sensor preferably both the Coriolis measuring tube 2 and the bridge 6 with an egg, can be provided in the case of mass flow meters according to the invention for compensating for thermal influences on the measuring accuracy and / or the zero point ⁇ Nem temperature sensor are provided.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un débitmètre massique pour fluides en écoulement, fonctionnant selon le principe de Coriolis et comportant un tube de mesure de Coriolis (2) rectiligne avec plusieurs générateurs d'oscillations (3) agissant sur le tube de mesure de Coriolis (2), ainsi que plusieurs transducteurs (4) détectant les forces de Coriolis ou les oscillations conditionnées par des forces de Coriolis. Ce débitmètre massique permet également de mesurer le débit de gaz avec une grande précision. A cet effet, les générateurs d'oscillations (3) sont conçus et disposés de sorte que le tube de mesure de Coriolis (2) oscille par rapport à son axe longitudinal.
EP97927070A 1996-05-29 1997-05-28 Debitmetre massique Withdrawn EP0842401A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19621365A DE19621365C2 (de) 1996-05-29 1996-05-29 Massendurchflußmeßgerät
DE19621365 1996-05-29
PCT/EP1997/002783 WO1997045708A1 (fr) 1996-05-29 1997-05-28 Debitmetre massique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0842401A1 true EP0842401A1 (fr) 1998-05-20

Family

ID=7795486

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97927070A Withdrawn EP0842401A1 (fr) 1996-05-29 1997-05-28 Debitmetre massique

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US6041665A (fr)
EP (1) EP0842401A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3249133B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE19621365C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1997045708A1 (fr)

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US6041665A (en) 2000-03-28
JPH11510609A (ja) 1999-09-14
WO1997045708A1 (fr) 1997-12-04
DE19621365C2 (de) 1999-12-02
JP3249133B2 (ja) 2002-01-21
DE19621365A1 (de) 1997-12-04

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