EP0842390A1 - Fixed ammunition - Google Patents

Fixed ammunition

Info

Publication number
EP0842390A1
EP0842390A1 EP96928331A EP96928331A EP0842390A1 EP 0842390 A1 EP0842390 A1 EP 0842390A1 EP 96928331 A EP96928331 A EP 96928331A EP 96928331 A EP96928331 A EP 96928331A EP 0842390 A1 EP0842390 A1 EP 0842390A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
cartridge
pressure chamber
pressure
cartridge case
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP96928331A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0842390B1 (en
Inventor
Willi Lübbers
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nico Pyrotechnik Hanns Juergen Diederichs GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Nico Pyrotechnik Hanns Juergen Diederichs GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nico Pyrotechnik Hanns Juergen Diederichs GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Nico Pyrotechnik Hanns Juergen Diederichs GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0842390A1 publication Critical patent/EP0842390A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0842390B1 publication Critical patent/EP0842390B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
    • F42B5/067—Mounting or locking missiles in cartridge cases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/38—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information of tracer type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cartridge ammunition, in particular a practice ammunition for a grenade pistol or the like, for example in the 40 mm caliber.
  • the invention is based on an ammunition according to the applicant's EP-B-0215042.
  • the bullet contained in a cartridge case has a fog charge as an active charge and carries a tracer set at the rear.
  • the cartridge case has an ignition charge and a propellant charge ignited by it to expel the projectile from the cartridge case.
  • the propellant charge is received in a cartridge in the center of the cartridge case, which forms a high-pressure chamber.
  • the cartridge is surrounded by a low-pressure chamber, which is further delimited by the inner walls of the cartridge case and part of the floor of the projectile and is connected to the high-pressure chamber via blocked overflow openings.
  • Furthermore, in the upper end wall of the cartridge there is a small blow-through channel which opens into the tracer set located at the rear of the projectile.
  • the projectile is connected to the cartridge, which has a predetermined breaking point below the connection point.
  • the propellant charge When the propellant charge is ignited via the primer charge, pressure builds up in the high-pressure chamber, but it does not is sufficient to blow up the predetermined breaking point and drive out the projectile.
  • the tracer is ignited via the small through hole. As soon as the dam between the high-pressure chamber and the low-pressure chamber breaks open, the propellant gases enter the low-pressure chamber via the overflow openings and act on the remaining part of the floor of the floor. If the pressures in the high-pressure room and low-pressure room are sufficiently high, the predetermined breaking point breaks open, whereby the projectile is expelled from the cartridge case. The trajectory of the projectile is then marked by the burning tracer set.
  • the tracer extends into the projectile body, which means that its space cannot be used for the real charge, be it a practice charge or a live charge.
  • the tracer set can project from the rear of the projectile, so to speak as a tail, due to this construction, whereby the volume of the projectile can be used almost completely for the active charge.
  • the pressure curve in the high-pressure and low-pressure space can be controlled so that no steep gas peaks occur, the pressure in the high-pressure space still increasing even after the tracer set has been removed.
  • a pressure control is also possible in that the free end of the tracer set z. B. is covered by a cap with one or more openings, which more or less closes this after pulling out the tracer from the high-pressure chamber.
  • the clamping of the propellant charge that is the ratio of the burn-up surface of the propellant charge to the narrowest cross section of the outlet or nozzle openings, can be so be set so that the total pressure for expelling the projectile is essentially constant.
  • the walls of the high-pressure room are usually made of steel. This has the advantage that the overflow openings from the high-pressure chamber do not burn out, in spite of the high temperature of the combustion gases of the propellant charge, that is to say they essentially maintain their diameter when they burn up, so that very reproducible shooting results are achieved.
  • the steel cartridge increases the weight of the practice cartridge.
  • the walls of the high-pressure chamber are made of aluminum for weight reasons, the overflow openings burn out very badly.
  • the burning aluminum particles are driven out of the launch tube so that a relatively strong muzzle flash is generated. But this is exactly what you want to suppress. It has now been found that the burnout of the overflow openings and thus also the muzzle flash can be greatly reduced if the high-pressure chamber is made of aluminum and the walls of at least the overflow openings are anodized
  • Figure 1 is a partially sectioned illustration of a cartridge practice ammunition according to the invention from a projectile and a cartridge case;
  • Figure 2 shows the ammunition after detaching the projectile from the cartridge case
  • Figure 3 is a sectional enlarged view of a tracer set for a cartridge ammunition according to the invention
  • Figure 4 is a sectional view of a cartridge of the practice ammunition with walls made of aluminum.
  • FIG. 1 shows a partially sectioned representation of a cartridge ammunition 1 with a caliber of 40 mm.
  • the ammunition 1 comprises a z. B. plastic existing cartridge case 10, in the opening of which a projectile 11 is arranged, which carries, for example, a fog charge and a tracer arranged at the rear of the projectile tracer Ilb.
  • An ignition charge 13 and a propellant charge 14 are accommodated in a cartridge 12 screwed into the bottom of the cartridge case.
  • the cartridge 12 delimits a high-pressure chamber 21 in which the propellant charge 14 burns off after being ignited by the priming charge 13.
  • the cartridge 12 or at least the walls delimiting the high-pressure chamber are made of steel.
  • the high-pressure chamber 21 is connected via a plurality of overflow openings 22, which are initially covered by a dam 23, to a low-pressure chamber 10 a which forms the interior of the cartridge case and is delimited by the walls of the cartridge case and the floor of the projectile 11.
  • the cartridge 12 is provided on its upper side with an upwardly projecting thread 24, onto which a corresponding internal thread 25 is screwed in at the rear of the projectile 11.
  • a predetermined breaking point 12d is provided in the area of the transition between the upper wall of the cartridge 12 and the thread 24.
  • the tracer Ilb is provided within the internal thread 25, which is received in a pipe 27 projecting from the rear of the projectile.
  • This tube 27 projects through an opening 28 in the upper wall of the cartridge into the high-pressure chamber 21, the tube 27 being slidably and almost gas-tight in the opening 28.
  • the propellant charge 14 is ignited, so that a high pressure builds up in the high-pressure chamber 21 through the propellant gases, which finally blows up the dam 23 at the overflow openings, so that the low-pressure chamber 10a is also filled via these overflow openings.
  • the tracer Ilb is also ignited by the pressure of the propellant gases. As soon as the forces acting on the floor of the projectile exceed a certain value, the predetermined breaking point 12d tears open, after which the projectile 11 is expelled from the cartridge case. Since the tube 27 of the tracer Ilb is also pulled out of the high-pressure chamber 21, its volume is increased.
  • the free end of the tube 27 for the tracer Ilb can be covered by a cap 29 in which a plurality of openings 30 are provided.
  • the cap protrudes with a small flange 31 over the outside diameter of the tube 27, so that when the projectile 11 is driven out, the cap 29 gets caught on the edge of the opening 28 in the high-pressure chamber 21 and does not fly with the projectile.
  • the opening 28 is not completely opened as in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1 after the tracer set has been pulled out, but only to an extent predetermined by the dimensions through the openings 30.
  • the pressure curve can be controlled very finely by appropriately dimensioning these openings 30.
  • the tube 27 of the tracer set Ilb is immersed in the high-pressure chamber 21 over a distance which is approximately the diameter of the tube 27 equivalent. It should be noted that this dimensioning is arbitrary; all that matters is that during the expulsion of the projectile it is enlarged until it is finally released from the cartridge case.
  • aerodynamic properties of projectiles can be influenced by appropriate shaping, in particular the diameter, cross section and length of the rear tracer set.
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross section through the base area of the practice ammunition.
  • the reference numerals for the individual components are the same as in the previous figures.
  • the cartridge 12 or its walls in the region of the high-pressure chamber 21 are not made of steel this time, but of aluminum, in which case at least the walls of the overflow openings 22 are anodized, which is indicated by 32.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Supporting Of Heads In Record-Carrier Devices (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Optical Head (AREA)
  • Flexible Shafts (AREA)
  • Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Pulleys (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
  • Indexing, Searching, Synchronizing, And The Amount Of Synchronization Travel Of Record Carriers (AREA)
  • Contacts (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Electrically Driven Valve-Operating Means (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/DE96/01388 Sec. 371 Date May 11, 1998 Sec. 102(e) Date May 11, 1998 PCT Filed Jul. 22, 1996 PCT Pub. No. WO97/05445 PCT Pub. Date Feb. 13, 1997The cartridged ammunition comprises a projectile (11) and a cartridge case (10) receiving the latter. The cartridge case (10) contains a cartridge (12) limiting a high-pressure space (21) in which a propelling charge (14) is located. The cartridge (12) is surrounded by a low-pressure space (10a) limited by the inside walls of the cartridge case (10) and a part of the base of the projectile (11). At the rear of the projectile (11) a tracer composition (11b) is arranged in a tube (27) which protrudes through the upper wall of the cartridge (12) into the high-pressure space (21). Projectile and cartridge case are interconnected via a rated breaking point (12d). The pressure for expelling the projectile (11) from the cartridge case is supplied by the pressure both in the high-pressure space (21) and in the low-pressure space (10a). Upon expulsion the volume of the high-pressure space (21) is furthermore enlarged when the tracer composition is pulled out thereof. These measures avoid steep pressure peaks in the march of pressure upon expulsion of the projectile. At the same time, approximately the entire projectile volume is available for a service charge.

Description

Patronierte MunitionCartridge ammunition
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine patronierte Munition, und zwar insbesondere eine Übungsmunition für eine Granatpistole oder dergleichen, beispielsweise im Kaliber 40 mm.The invention relates to a cartridge ammunition, in particular a practice ammunition for a grenade pistol or the like, for example in the 40 mm caliber.
Die Erfindung geht aus von einer Munition gemäß der EP-B- 0215042 der Anmelderin. Das in einer Patronenhülse aufgenommene Geschoß hat als Wirkladung eine Nebelladung und trägt am Heck einen Leuchtspursatz. Die Patronenhülse weist eine Zündladung und eine von dieser angezündete Treibladung zum Austreiben des Geschosses aus der Patronenhülse auf. Die Treibladung ist in einer in der Patronenhülse mittig gelegenen Kartusche aufgenommen, die einen Hochdruckraum bildet. Die Kartusche wird von einem Niederdruckraum umgeben, der ferner durch die Innenwände der Patronenhülse sowie einen Teil des Bodens des Geschosses begrenzt ist und mit dem Hochdruckraum über verdämmte Überströmöffnungen verbunden ist. Ferner ist in der oberen Abschlußwand der Kartusche ein kleiner Durchzündkanal vorhanden, der in den am Heck des Geschosses angeordneten Leuchtspursatz mündet. Das Geschoß ist mit der Kartusche verbunden, die unterhalb der Verbindungsstelle eine Sollbruchstelle aufweist.The invention is based on an ammunition according to the applicant's EP-B-0215042. The bullet contained in a cartridge case has a fog charge as an active charge and carries a tracer set at the rear. The cartridge case has an ignition charge and a propellant charge ignited by it to expel the projectile from the cartridge case. The propellant charge is received in a cartridge in the center of the cartridge case, which forms a high-pressure chamber. The cartridge is surrounded by a low-pressure chamber, which is further delimited by the inner walls of the cartridge case and part of the floor of the projectile and is connected to the high-pressure chamber via blocked overflow openings. Furthermore, in the upper end wall of the cartridge there is a small blow-through channel which opens into the tracer set located at the rear of the projectile. The projectile is connected to the cartridge, which has a predetermined breaking point below the connection point.
Wenn die Treibladung über die Zündladung gezündet wird, baut sich im Hochdruckraum ein Druck auf, der jedoch nicht ausreicht, die Sollbruchstelle zu sprengen und das Geschoß auszutreiben. Über die kleine Durchzündbohrung wird der Leuchtspursatz gezündet. Sobald die Verdammung zwischen Hochdruckraum und Niederdruckraum aufbricht, treten über die Überströmöffnungen die Treibgase in den Niederdruckraum ein und wirken auf dem übrigen Teil des Bodens des Geschosses. Sind die Drucke im Hochdruckraum und Niederdruckraum ausreichend hoch, bricht die Sollbruchstelle auf, wodurch das Geschoß aus der Patronenhülse ausgetrieben wird. Die Flugbahn des Geschosses wird anschließend durch den abbrennenden Leuchtspursatz markiert.When the propellant charge is ignited via the primer charge, pressure builds up in the high-pressure chamber, but it does not is sufficient to blow up the predetermined breaking point and drive out the projectile. The tracer is ignited via the small through hole. As soon as the dam between the high-pressure chamber and the low-pressure chamber breaks open, the propellant gases enter the low-pressure chamber via the overflow openings and act on the remaining part of the floor of the floor. If the pressures in the high-pressure room and low-pressure room are sufficiently high, the predetermined breaking point breaks open, whereby the projectile is expelled from the cartridge case. The trajectory of the projectile is then marked by the burning tracer set.
Durch die Aufteilung des Druckraumes zum Austreiben des Geschosses in einen Hochdruckraum und einen Niederdruckraum wirken die Kräfte, die in beiden Druckräumen erzeugt werden, zum Aufbrechen der Sollbruchsteile zwischen Geschoß und Patronenhülse zusammen, wodurch sich eine sehr gute Präzision hinsichtlich der Reproduzierbarkeit der Anfangsgeschwindigkeit des Geschosses und dessen Reichweite erzielen läßt. Diese Konstruktion hat sich in der Praxis vieltausendfach bewährt, und zwar sowohl in der Ausbildung als Übungsmunition als auchbei einer scharfen Munition.By dividing the pressure chamber to expel the projectile into a high-pressure chamber and a low-pressure chamber, the forces that are generated in both pressure chambers act together to break open the frangible parts between the projectile and the cartridge case, which results in very good precision with regard to the reproducibility of the initial speed of the projectile and whose range can be achieved. This design has proven itself thousands of times in practice, both in training as training ammunition and with live ammunition.
Bei dieser bekannten patronierten Munition reicht der Leuchtspursatz in den Geschoßkörper hinein, wodurch dessen Platz nicht für die Wirkladung, sei es eine Übungsladung oder eine scharfe Ladung, genutzt werden kann.In this known cartridge ammunition, the tracer extends into the projectile body, which means that its space cannot be used for the real charge, be it a practice charge or a live charge.
Gemäß der Erfindung wird nun vorgeschlagen, den in einem üblicherweise in einem Rohr aufgenommenen Leuchtspursatz in den Hochdruckraum hineinragen zu lassen, so daß dieser nach Aufbrechen der Sollbruchstelle bei einem Austreiben des Geschosses aus dem Hochdruckraum herausgezogen wird. Dabei wird gleichzeitig das Volumen des Hochdruckraumes vergrößert. Mit dieser Konstruktion werden im wesentlichen zwei Vorteile erreicht:According to the invention, it is now proposed to let the tracer set, which is usually accommodated in a tube, protrude into the high-pressure chamber, so that it is pulled out of the high-pressure chamber when the projectile is driven out after the predetermined breaking point has been broken open. The volume of the high-pressure chamber is increased at the same time. There are two main advantages to this construction:
Der Leuchtspursatz kann durch diese Konstruktion vom Heck des Geschosses, sozusagen als Schwanz, wegragen, wodurch das Volumen des Geschosses praktisch vollständig für die Wirkladung verwendet werden kann.The tracer set can project from the rear of the projectile, so to speak as a tail, due to this construction, whereby the volume of the projectile can be used almost completely for the active charge.
Des weiteren wird durch das Herausziehen des Leuchtspursatzes aus dem Hochdruckraum dessen Volumen beim Austreiben des Geschosses vergrößert. Dieses hat den Vorteil, daß steile Druckspitzen verhindert werden. Hiermit wird ein Vorteil erreicht, der in der oben erwähnten EP-B- 0215024 für ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel erläutert ist, bei dem der Hochdruckraum durch zwei konzentrisch zueinander angeordnete und beim Austreiben des Geschosses ausziehbare Hülsen gebildet wird. Die Vergrößerung des Volumens des Hochdruckraumes trägt ebenfalls zu einer konstanten, nahezu temperaturunabhängigenFurthermore, by pulling out the tracer set from the high-pressure chamber, its volume is increased when the projectile is expelled. This has the advantage that steep pressure peaks are prevented. This achieves an advantage which is explained in the above-mentioned EP-B-0215024 for a further exemplary embodiment in which the high-pressure space is formed by two sleeves which are arranged concentrically to one another and can be pulled out when the projectile is expelled. The increase in the volume of the high-pressure room also contributes to a constant, almost temperature-independent
Anfangsgeschwindigkeit des Geschosses bei, so daß in einem weiten Temperaturbereich reproduzierbare Schießergebnisse erzielt werden.Starting speed of the projectile at, so that reproducible shooting results are achieved in a wide temperature range.
Mit der Konstruktion gemäß der Erfindung kann der Druckverlauf im Hochdruck- und Niederdruckraum so gesteuert werden, daß keine steilen Gasspitzen auftreten, wobei der Druck im Hochdruckraum auch nach dem Ausziehen des Leuchtspursatzes noch ansteigt. Eine Drucksteuerung ist ferner dadurch möglich, daß das freie Ende des Leuchtspursatzes z. B. durch eine Kappe mit einer oder mehreren Öffnungen abgedeckt wird, die nach dem Herausziehen des Leuchtspursatzes aus dem Hochdruckraum diesen mehr oder minder abschließt. Bei entsprechender Dimensionierung der Öffnungen kann die Klemmung des Treibladungssatzes, das ist das Verhältnisder Abbrandoberfläche des Treibladungssatzes zum engsten Querschnitt der Austritts- bzw. Düsenöffnungen, so eingestellt werden, daß der gesamte Druck zum Austreiben des Geschosses im wesentlichen stetig verläuft.With the construction according to the invention, the pressure curve in the high-pressure and low-pressure space can be controlled so that no steep gas peaks occur, the pressure in the high-pressure space still increasing even after the tracer set has been removed. A pressure control is also possible in that the free end of the tracer set z. B. is covered by a cap with one or more openings, which more or less closes this after pulling out the tracer from the high-pressure chamber. With appropriate dimensioning of the openings, the clamping of the propellant charge, that is the ratio of the burn-up surface of the propellant charge to the narrowest cross section of the outlet or nozzle openings, can be so be set so that the total pressure for expelling the projectile is essentially constant.
Üblicherweise werden die Wände des Hochdruckraumes aus Stahl gefertigt. Dies hat den Vorteil, daß die Uberströmöffnungen aus dem Hochdruckraum trotz der hohen Temperatur der Verbrennungsgase des Treibladungssatzes nicht ausbrennen, das heißt, ihren Durchmesser beim Abbrand im wesentlichen beibehalten, so daß sehr gut reproduzierbare Schießergebnisse erreicht werden. Andererseits wird durch die Ausführung in Stahl das Gewicht der Übungspatrone erhöht. Werden jedoch aus Gewichtsgründen die Wände des Hochdruckraumes aus Aluminium gefertigt, dann brennen die Überströmöffnungen sehr stark aus. Außerdem werden die abbrennenden Aluminiumteilchen aus dem Abschußrohr getrieben, so daß ein relativ starkes Mündungsfeuer erzeugt wird. Gerade dieses will man jedoch unterdrücken. Es wurde nun gefunden, daß das Ausbrennen der Überströmöffnungen und damit auch das Mündungsfeuer stark reduziert werden können, wenn die Hochdruckkammer aus Aliminium gefertigt wird und die Wände zumindest der Überströmöffnungen eloxiert werdenThe walls of the high-pressure room are usually made of steel. This has the advantage that the overflow openings from the high-pressure chamber do not burn out, in spite of the high temperature of the combustion gases of the propellant charge, that is to say they essentially maintain their diameter when they burn up, so that very reproducible shooting results are achieved. On the other hand, the steel cartridge increases the weight of the practice cartridge. However, if the walls of the high-pressure chamber are made of aluminum for weight reasons, the overflow openings burn out very badly. In addition, the burning aluminum particles are driven out of the launch tube so that a relatively strong muzzle flash is generated. But this is exactly what you want to suppress. It has now been found that the burnout of the overflow openings and thus also the muzzle flash can be greatly reduced if the high-pressure chamber is made of aluminum and the walls of at least the overflow openings are anodized
Weitere Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung gehen aus den Unteransprüchen hervor.Further embodiments of the invention emerge from the subclaims.
Die Erfindung ist in einem Ausführungsbeispiel anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail in an exemplary embodiment with reference to the drawing.
In dieser stellen dar:In this represent:
Figur 1 eine teilweise geschnittene Darstellung einer patronierten Übungsmunition gemäß der Erfindung aus einem Geschoß und einer Patronenhülse;Figure 1 is a partially sectioned illustration of a cartridge practice ammunition according to the invention from a projectile and a cartridge case;
Figur 2 die Munition nach Abtrennen des Geschosses von der Patronenhülse; Figur 3 eine geschnittene vergrößerte Darstellung eines Leuchtspursatzes für eine patronierte Munition gemäß der Erfindung;Figure 2 shows the ammunition after detaching the projectile from the cartridge case; Figure 3 is a sectional enlarged view of a tracer set for a cartridge ammunition according to the invention;
Figur 4 eine geschnittene Darstellung einer Kartusche der Übungsmunition mit Wänden aus Aliminium.Figure 4 is a sectional view of a cartridge of the practice ammunition with walls made of aluminum.
Figur 1 zeigt eine teilweise geschnittene Darstellung einer patronierten Munition 1 mit einem Kaliber von 40 mm. Die Munition 1 umfaßt eine aus z. B. Kunststoff bestehende Patronenhülse 10, in deren Öffnung ein Geschoß 11 angeordnet ist, das beispielsweise als Wirkladung eine Nebelladung und einen am Heck des Geschosses angeordneten Leuchtspursatz Ilb trägt. In einer in den Boden der Patronenhülse eingeschraubten Kartusche 12 sind eine Zündladung 13 und eine Treibladung 14 untergebracht. Die Kartusche 12 begrenzt hierbei einen Hochdruckraum 21, in dem die Treibladung 14 nach Anzünden durch die Zündladung 13 abbrennt.Die Kartusche 12 bzw zumidest die den Hochdruckraum begerenzenden Wände sind hierbei aus Stahl. Der Hochdruckraum 21 ist über mehrere Überströmöffnungen 22, die zunächst durch eine Verdammung 23 abgedeckt sind, mit einem den Innenraum der Patronenhülse bildenden Niederdruckraum 10a verbunden, der durch die Wände der Patronenhülse und den Boden des Geschosses 11 begrenzt wird.Figure 1 shows a partially sectioned representation of a cartridge ammunition 1 with a caliber of 40 mm. The ammunition 1 comprises a z. B. plastic existing cartridge case 10, in the opening of which a projectile 11 is arranged, which carries, for example, a fog charge and a tracer arranged at the rear of the projectile tracer Ilb. An ignition charge 13 and a propellant charge 14 are accommodated in a cartridge 12 screwed into the bottom of the cartridge case. The cartridge 12 delimits a high-pressure chamber 21 in which the propellant charge 14 burns off after being ignited by the priming charge 13. The cartridge 12 or at least the walls delimiting the high-pressure chamber are made of steel. The high-pressure chamber 21 is connected via a plurality of overflow openings 22, which are initially covered by a dam 23, to a low-pressure chamber 10 a which forms the interior of the cartridge case and is delimited by the walls of the cartridge case and the floor of the projectile 11.
Die Kartusche 12 ist an ihrer Oberseite mit einem nach oben ragenden Gewinde 24 versehen, auf das ein entsprechendes Innengewinde 25 am Heck des Geschosses 11 eingeschraubt wird. Im Bereich des Überganges zwischen der oberen Wand der Kartusche 12 und dem Gewinde 24 ist eine Sollbruchstelle 12d vorgesehen. Am Heck des Geschosses 11 ist innerhalb des Innengewindes 25 der Leuchtspursatz Ilb vorgesehen, der in einem vom Heck des Geschosses wegragenden Rohr 27 aufgenommen ist. Dieses Rohr 27 ragt durch eine Öffnung 28 in der oberen Wand der Kartusche in den Hochdruckraum 21 hinein, wobei das Rohr 27 in der Öffnung 28 gleitend und annähernd gasdicht gelagert ist.The cartridge 12 is provided on its upper side with an upwardly projecting thread 24, onto which a corresponding internal thread 25 is screwed in at the rear of the projectile 11. A predetermined breaking point 12d is provided in the area of the transition between the upper wall of the cartridge 12 and the thread 24. At the rear of the projectile 11, the tracer Ilb is provided within the internal thread 25, which is received in a pipe 27 projecting from the rear of the projectile. This tube 27 projects through an opening 28 in the upper wall of the cartridge into the high-pressure chamber 21, the tube 27 being slidably and almost gas-tight in the opening 28.
Die Funktion der beschriebenen Munition ist folgende:The function of the described ammunition is as follows:
Nach Zünden des Zündsatzes 13 wird die Treibladung 14 gezündet, so daß sich in dem Hochdruckraum 21 durch die Treibgase ein hoher Druck aufbaut, der schließlich die Verdammung 23 an den Überströmöffnungen sprengt, so daß über diese Überströmöffnungen auch der Niederdruckraum 10a gefüllt wird. Durch den Druck der Treibgase wird zudem der Leuchtspursatz Ilb gezündet. Sobald die auf den Boden des Geschosses wirkenden Kräfte einen bestimmten Wert überschreiten, reißt die Sollbruchstelle 12d auf, wonach das Geschoß 11 aus der Patronenhülse ausgetrieben wird. Da hierbei auch das Rohr 27 des Leuchtspursatzes Ilb aus dem Hochdruckraum 21 herausgezogen wird, wird dessen Volumen vergrößert.After igniting the primer 13, the propellant charge 14 is ignited, so that a high pressure builds up in the high-pressure chamber 21 through the propellant gases, which finally blows up the dam 23 at the overflow openings, so that the low-pressure chamber 10a is also filled via these overflow openings. The tracer Ilb is also ignited by the pressure of the propellant gases. As soon as the forces acting on the floor of the projectile exceed a certain value, the predetermined breaking point 12d tears open, after which the projectile 11 is expelled from the cartridge case. Since the tube 27 of the tracer Ilb is also pulled out of the high-pressure chamber 21, its volume is increased.
Um den Verlauf des DruckesZum Austreiben des Geschosses aus der Patronenhülse zu steuern, kann das freie Ende des Rohres 27 für den Leuchtspursatz Ilb durch eine Kappe 29 abgedeckt werden, in der mehrere Öffnungen 30 vorgesehen sind. Die Kappe ragt mit einem kleinen Flansch 31 über den Außendurchmesser des Rohres 27 heraus, so daß beim Austreiben des Geschosses 11 die Kappe 29 am Rand der Öffnung 28 in dem Hochdruckraum 21 hängen bleibt und nicht mit dem Geschoß mitfliegt. Hiermit wird die Öffnung 28 nicht wie bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Figur 1 nach Herausziehen des Leuchtspursatzes vollständig freigegeben, sondern nur in einem durch die Dimensionen durch die Öffnungen 30 vorgegebenen Ausmaß. Durch entsprechende Dimensionierung dieser Öffnungen 30 kann der Druckverlauf sehr fein gesteuert werden.In order to control the course of the pressure to expel the projectile from the cartridge case, the free end of the tube 27 for the tracer Ilb can be covered by a cap 29 in which a plurality of openings 30 are provided. The cap protrudes with a small flange 31 over the outside diameter of the tube 27, so that when the projectile 11 is driven out, the cap 29 gets caught on the edge of the opening 28 in the high-pressure chamber 21 and does not fly with the projectile. With this, the opening 28 is not completely opened as in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1 after the tracer set has been pulled out, but only to an extent predetermined by the dimensions through the openings 30. The pressure curve can be controlled very finely by appropriately dimensioning these openings 30.
Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel taucht das Rohr 27 des Leuchtspursatzes Ilb in den Hochdruckraum 21 über eine Strecke ein, die etwa dem Durchmesser des Rohres 27 entspricht. Es sei darauf hingewiesen, daß diese Dimensionierung willkürlich ist; es kommt lediglich darauf an, daß während des Austreibens des Geschosses bis zum endgültigen Freigeben aus der Patronenhülse vergrößert wird.In the exemplary embodiment, the tube 27 of the tracer set Ilb is immersed in the high-pressure chamber 21 over a distance which is approximately the diameter of the tube 27 equivalent. It should be noted that this dimensioning is arbitrary; all that matters is that during the expulsion of the projectile it is enlarged until it is finally released from the cartridge case.
Im übrigen können durch entsprechende Formung, insbesondere Durchmesser, Querschnitt und Länge des heckseitigen Leuchtspursatzes die aerodynamischen Eigenschaften von Geschossen beeinflußt werden.In addition, the aerodynamic properties of projectiles can be influenced by appropriate shaping, in particular the diameter, cross section and length of the rear tracer set.
In Figur 4 ist ein Querschnitt durch den Bodenbereich der Übungsmunition gezeigt. Die Bezugszeichen sind für die einzelnen Komponenten dieselben wie in den vorhergehenden Figuren. Die Kartusche 12 bzw. deren Wände im Bereich des Hochdruckraumes 21 sind diesmal nicht aus Stahl, sondern aus Aluminium, wobei dann zumindest die Wände der Überströmöffnungen 22 eloxiert sind, was durch 32 angedeutet ist. FIG. 4 shows a cross section through the base area of the practice ammunition. The reference numerals for the individual components are the same as in the previous figures. The cartridge 12 or its walls in the region of the high-pressure chamber 21 are not made of steel this time, but of aluminum, in which case at least the walls of the overflow openings 22 are anodized, which is indicated by 32.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Patronierte Munition, insbesondere Granatmunition, aus einem Geschoß und einer dieses aufnehmenden Patronenhülse, wobei das Geschoß eine Wirkladung sowie am Heck einen Leuchtspursatz aufweist und die Patronenhülse eine Zündladung, eine einen Hochdruckraum begrenzende und eine Treibladung enthaltende, in der Patronenhülse mittig gelegene Kartusche sowie einen Niederdruckraum aufnimmt, der die Kartusche umgibt und durch die Innenwände der Patronenhülse sowie einen Teil des Bodens des Geschosses begrenzt ist und mit dem Hochdruckraum über1.Carried ammunition, in particular grenade ammunition, from a projectile and a cartridge case receiving it, the projectile having an active charge and a tracer at the rear and the cartridge case having an ignition charge, a cartridge which delimits a high-pressure chamber and contains a propellant charge and is located in the center of the cartridge case and accommodates a low-pressure chamber which surrounds the cartridge and is delimited by the inner walls of the cartridge case and part of the floor of the projectile and with the high-pressure chamber above
Uberströmöffnungen verbunden ist, und wobei das Geschoß mit der Kartusche verbunden ist und diese eine Sollbruchstelle aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Leuchtspursatz (Ilb) in einem mittig vom Heck des Geschosses (11) wegragenden Rohr (27) aufgenommen ist, welches die obere Wand der Kartusche (12) durchstößt, in dieser Wand im wesentlichen in einer Öffnung (28) gasdicht und gleitbar gelagert ist und in den Hochdruckraum (21) hineinragt, so daß das Rohr nach dem Aufbrechen der Sollbruchstelle (12d) aus dem Hochdruckraum (21) unter Vergrößerung dessen Volumens herausgezogen wird.Uberströmöffungen is connected, and wherein the projectile is connected to the cartridge and this has a predetermined breaking point, characterized in that the tracer (Ilb) is accommodated in a tube (27) projecting centrally from the rear of the projectile (11), which tube the upper wall the cartridge (12) pierces, is gas-tight and slidably mounted in this wall essentially in an opening (28) and protrudes into the high-pressure chamber (21), so that the pipe after breaking open the predetermined breaking point (12d) from the high-pressure chamber (21) is pulled out while increasing its volume.
2. Patronierte Munition nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Überströmöffnungen (22) gegenüber dem Hochdruckraum (21) mit einer Verdammung (23) versehen sind, die bei einem bestimmten Druck innerhalb des Hochdruckraumes (21) aufbricht.2. cartridge ammunition according to claim 1, characterized in that the overflow openings (22) with respect to the high pressure chamber (21) are provided with a dam (23) which breaks open at a certain pressure within the high pressure chamber (21).
3. Munition nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das in den Hochdruckraum (21) hineinragende Ende des Leuchtspursatzes (Ilb) mit einer Kappe (29) abgeschlossen ist, die Öffnungen (30) aufweist und so ausgestaltet ist, daß sie nach dem Austreiben des Geschosses (11) aus der Patronenhülse (10) in dem Hochdruckraum (21) verbleibt und die Öffnung (28) für das Rohr (27) des Leuchtspursatzes3. Ammunition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the end of the tracer (Ilb) projecting into the high-pressure chamber (21) is closed off with a cap (29) which has openings (30) and is designed in such a way that it follows the expulsion of the projectile (11) from the cartridge case (10) remains in the high-pressure chamber (21) and the opening (28) for the tube (27) of the tracer set
(11) bedeckt. (11) covered.
4. Munition nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wände der Kartusche (12) im Bereich des Hochdruckraumes (21) aus Stahl sind.4. Ammunition according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the walls of the cartridge (12) in the region of the high-pressure chamber (21) are made of steel.
5. Munition nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wände der Kartusche (12) im Bereich des Hochdruckraumes (21) aus Aluminium sind, und daß zumindest die Wand der Überströmöffnungen (22) eloxiert sind (bei 32) . 5. Ammunition according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the walls of the cartridge (12) in the region of the high-pressure chamber (21) are made of aluminum, and that at least the wall of the overflow openings (22) are anodized (at 32).
EP96928331A 1995-07-28 1996-07-22 Fixed ammunition Expired - Lifetime EP0842390B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19527621A DE19527621A1 (en) 1995-07-28 1995-07-28 Cartridge ammunition
DE19527621 1995-07-28
PCT/DE1996/001388 WO1997005445A1 (en) 1995-07-28 1996-07-22 Fixed ammunition

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0842390A1 true EP0842390A1 (en) 1998-05-20
EP0842390B1 EP0842390B1 (en) 1999-09-29

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ID=7768026

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EP96928331A Expired - Lifetime EP0842390B1 (en) 1995-07-28 1996-07-22 Fixed ammunition

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US (1) US5936189A (en)
EP (1) EP0842390B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3904234B2 (en)
KR (1) KR100436638B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE185192T1 (en)
AU (1) AU6784996A (en)
CA (1) CA2227987C (en)
DE (2) DE19527621A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2139379T3 (en)
IL (1) IL118906A (en)
MY (1) MY123758A (en)
NO (1) NO308331B1 (en)
TR (1) TR199800124T1 (en)
WO (1) WO1997005445A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA966188B (en)

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MY123758A (en) 2006-06-30
ATE185192T1 (en) 1999-10-15
TR199800124T1 (en) 1998-05-21
AU6784996A (en) 1997-02-26
EP0842390B1 (en) 1999-09-29
IL118906A (en) 2000-09-28
NO980049L (en) 1998-01-06
JP3904234B2 (en) 2007-04-11
ES2139379T3 (en) 2000-02-01
KR100436638B1 (en) 2004-09-04
IL118906A0 (en) 1996-10-31
DE59603238D1 (en) 1999-11-04
NO980049D0 (en) 1998-01-06
CA2227987C (en) 2006-10-03
ZA966188B (en) 1997-02-10
US5936189A (en) 1999-08-10
CA2227987A1 (en) 1997-02-13
KR19990035959A (en) 1999-05-25
JPH11510242A (en) 1999-09-07
WO1997005445A1 (en) 1997-02-13
NO308331B1 (en) 2000-08-28
DE19527621A1 (en) 1997-01-30

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