EP0841015B1 - Sportschuh mit beweglichem Oberteil - Google Patents

Sportschuh mit beweglichem Oberteil Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0841015B1
EP0841015B1 EP97119222A EP97119222A EP0841015B1 EP 0841015 B1 EP0841015 B1 EP 0841015B1 EP 97119222 A EP97119222 A EP 97119222A EP 97119222 A EP97119222 A EP 97119222A EP 0841015 B1 EP0841015 B1 EP 0841015B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
collar
transverse
constituted
sports boot
boot according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97119222A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0841015A1 (de
Inventor
René Borel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Salomon SAS
Original Assignee
Salomon SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Salomon SAS filed Critical Salomon SAS
Publication of EP0841015A1 publication Critical patent/EP0841015A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0841015B1 publication Critical patent/EP0841015B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B5/00—Footwear for sporting purposes
    • A43B5/04—Ski or like boots
    • A43B5/0427—Ski or like boots characterised by type or construction details
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B5/00—Footwear for sporting purposes
    • A43B5/04—Ski or like boots
    • A43B5/0427—Ski or like boots characterised by type or construction details
    • A43B5/0466—Adjustment of the side inclination of the boot leg; Canting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B3/00—Footwear characterised by the shape or the use
    • A43B3/02—Boots covering the lower leg
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B5/00—Footwear for sporting purposes
    • A43B5/002—Mountain boots or shoes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B5/00—Footwear for sporting purposes
    • A43B5/04—Ski or like boots
    • A43B5/0401—Snowboard boots
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B5/00—Footwear for sporting purposes
    • A43B5/04—Ski or like boots
    • A43B5/0427—Ski or like boots characterised by type or construction details
    • A43B5/0452—Adjustment of the forward inclination of the boot leg
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B5/00—Footwear for sporting purposes
    • A43B5/04—Ski or like boots
    • A43B5/0427—Ski or like boots characterised by type or construction details
    • A43B5/0482—Ski or like boots characterised by type or construction details made from materials with different rigidities
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B5/00—Footwear for sporting purposes
    • A43B5/16—Skating boots
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B5/00—Footwear for sporting purposes
    • A43B5/16—Skating boots
    • A43B5/1625—Skating boots made from materials with different rigidities
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B5/00—Footwear for sporting purposes
    • A43B5/16—Skating boots
    • A43B5/1666—Skating boots characterised by the upper
    • A43B5/1683—Skating boots characterised by the upper characterised by the lower part of the upper or by the shell
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
    • A43B7/14—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts
    • A43B7/18—Joint supports, e.g. instep supports
    • A43B7/20—Ankle-joint supports or holders
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B9/00—Footwear characterised by the assembling of the individual parts

Definitions

  • the subject of the present invention is a sports shoe intended more particularly for sports. requiring great mobility of the foot relative to the leg for flexion / extension movements while requiring good support in transverse direction of the ankle.
  • Such sports include, but are not limited to, roller skating, including in-line wheels, cross-country skiing, walking / hiking, snowboarding, wake boarding, ... etc.
  • a construction shoe comprising a rigid frame consisting of a shell or at least one heel counter and a rigid collar articulated and movable along a substantially transverse axis on said heel counter and surrounding the athlete's lower leg.
  • Such a collar can pivot freely forwards and backwards around its transverse articulation axis, possibly against elastic means, and thus provide total freedom of movement especially in forward bending of the leg relative to the foot.
  • Document EP-A-0 406 212 describes a sports shoe according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the problem is to make a sports shoe that allows these requirements to be reconciled contradictory that are the lateral or transverse ankle support and a certain mobility in the same transverse direction, while maintaining the desired front / rear ankle mobility relative to the foot.
  • the sports shoe according to the invention which is of the aforementioned type, namely comprising a rigid frame consisting of at least one heel counter and a rigid collar articulated according to a substantially transverse axis on said heel counter and surrounding the lower leg of the sportsman, thereby that transverse tilting means are associated with at least part of the collar, and that elastic return means are associated with said transverse tilting means for a return in neutral position.
  • the desired transverse travel can be obtained by making transverse deformation zones on the collar, in appropriate locations, the elastic return means then being constituted by the very material of the collar.
  • This travel transverse can also be obtained by an appropriate clearance at the articulation axes of the collar with associated elastic return means.
  • the "rigid" shoe frame 1 shown in FIG. 1 may be suitable for different types of sports shoes requiring good transverse support and good flexibility front / rear of the foot by ankle, such as skate shoes, walking shoes, cross-country skiing or snowboarding (surfing snow).
  • This frame 1 is in the specific case consisting of a rigid sole 10, of the shell or bowl type delimiting a heel counter 11 on which a rigid collar 20 is articulated.
  • the heel counter 11 has laterally, at the malleoli of the foot, two lifts 12, each provided with an oblong lumen 13 substantially vertical, and capable of each receiving an axis 21 of articulation of the collar 20.
  • the rear part 14 of the heel counter 11 has a notch 15, intended to allow bending towards the rear of the ankle without creating a hard point for it, and a stop 16 in the shape of a semicircle forming a rearward projection, the role of which will be explained later.
  • the sole 10 can be completely rigid as shown in the figure or be only partially rigid, the only rigid part then being constituted by the heel counter 11.
  • the collar 20 is constituted by a cuff of semi-cylindrical shape, open towards the front for allow the anchor to be put in place and provided with clamping means 23 of a type known per se and not shown further in the drawing.
  • It is preferably made of a rigid synthetic material such as Pebax.
  • Two holes 22 are provided laterally at the lower end of the collar 20 in correspondence with the lights 12 of the heel counter for receiving and anchoring the hinge pins 21.
  • the collar 20 On its rear lower edge, the collar 20 is provided with a semi-circular notch 26 intended for to cooperate with the stop 16 of the heel counter to provide both a stop towards the rear of this collar and a guide during the transverse deflections thereof.
  • the collar 20 is also provided in front of its articulation zone 22 with two lateral extensions longitudinal 24 intended to be anchored at their free end 25 or 18 on each side of the heel reinforcement 10.
  • each of the articulation axes 21 of the collar is found at the upper end of the lumen 12 associated with the heel counter, thus defining the axis of transverse rotation or natural forward bending axis 30 of the collar 20 on the sole 10.
  • the collar 20 can pivot normally towards the front along the axis 30 thus defined against the elastic means constituted by the energy tabs 24.
  • Such deflection or transverse tilt will also be guided by the cooperation of the faces of circular stop 16, 26, thus defining a kind of axis of rotation or longitudinal bending 31 for the collar 20.
  • the amplitude of the transverse tilting movement of the collar will be determined by the length of the heel counter 12 lights.
  • the lights 12 will be provided with a different length between the internal and external side of the shoe so as to allow greater clearance on one side of the shoe than on the other.
  • the vertical lights 12 could also be provided on the collar instead of the hull, the hinge pins 22 being mounted on the hull 10 so as to provide bending around the axis 30, the lights then extending upwards on the collar from the axis position 22.
  • each light 12 for a return to the rest position of the axis 21 housed in said light.
  • these elastic stops 27 can be provided asymmetrical or of different stiffnesses to increase or decrease as the case may be the energy of recall desired in transverse direction.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a second embodiment of the invention in which the similar elements or identical will be designated by the same references increased by 100.
  • the collar 120 is articulated on the buttress 111 by means of pins lateral articulation 121, without the possibility of travel at these axes and the travel transverse is achieved by means of transverse deformation zones 140 provided on each side of the collar, at the upper edge thereof.
  • Each transverse deformation zone 140 is constituted by a substantially vertical wing delimited, on the one hand, towards the rear by a substantially vertical slot 141 starting from the upper edge of the collar, and on the other hand, forwards by a notch 142.
  • the desired transverse clearance will be obtained by bending and deformation in transverse direction of said wings 140 (see arrows F).
  • the restoring energy will be provided by the material of the collar 120 itself.
  • Horizontal slots could be provided on the wings 140 to allow a more progressive flexion thereof.
  • the rear stop faces respectively 116,126 can be substantially flat.
  • the return energy in the event of forward bending of the collar 120 can be supplied by vertical legs. 114 arranged in the rear region of the buttress 111, these legs 114 being biased and deformed elastically by the rear wall of the collar 120 during bending movements towards the front thereof.
  • FIG. 3 represents another embodiment of the collar 120 of FIG. 2 using the principle of elastic deformation of the upper edge of the collar and for which the same references will therefore be used.
  • this collar 120 is provided at the rear with a horizontal slot 150 and two lateral notches 151 allowing forward bending of the collar 120 by elastic deformation of the lateral parts 152, this elastic deformation also providing return energy.
  • the back of the collar 120 is anchored at 153 to the heel stiffener 111 to allow said elastic deformation of the collar during forward bending.
  • a protruding nipple (not shown) from the buttress 111 may be provided to cooperate with the upper edge of the slot 150 and thus provide support back of the collar on the shell 110.
  • a system of elastic stress by legs of energy similar to the legs 124 of the mode of embodiment of Figure 1 can also be considered.
  • transverse deformation zones 240 which are here defined by a succession of slots superimposed lateral 241 oriented in longitudinal direction on each side of the collar. These slots 241 allow the deformation in desired transverse direction of the collar 220.
  • the restoring energy is provided by the elastic deformation of the material constituting the collar.
  • more or less elastic or rigid means can be designed to plug one or more slot 241, and thus modulate the deformation, in the transverse direction of the necklace.
  • Figures 5 and 6 illustrate yet another embodiment of the collar respectively 320, 420.
  • the collar 320, 420 is made in two articulated parts and fitted one inside the other, at namely a lower forming a stirrup respectively 340, 440, and an upper part forming a cuff respectively 350, 450, each of substantially semi-cylindrical shape.
  • the stirrup 340, 440 is articulated on the heel counter, respectively 311, 411, by two axes of articulation. 321, 421. In the case of FIG. 5, the stirrup 340 is also anchored at 353 on the heel stiffener 311.
  • each sleeve respectively 360, 460, of the collar is articulated on the associated stirrup respectively 340, 440, by a longitudinal articulation axis respectively 361, 461, disposed at the rear of said collar.
  • the return means in the transverse direction are constituted by the cooperation of the upper zone respectively 342, 442, of the caliper part respectively 340, 440, with the zone respectively 362, 462, of the cuff respectively 360, 460.
  • said parts 342, 442 will be stiffened by appropriate ribs.
  • the collar 520 is, as in the examples of embodiment of FIGS. 2 and 3, articulated laterally at 522 on the heel counter.
  • the possibilities of transverse tilt and elastic return of the collar are offered by suitable deformation zones of the collar. These zones are made up essentially by a vertical rib 521 disposed centrally behind the collar 520, and by two lateral ribs 524, 525, more or less accentuated V-shaped, oriented essentially in the direction horizontal and coming laterally from either side of said vertical rib 521.
  • the central rib 521 is elastically stressed during the front / rear bending movements of the collar, and can therefore provide the recall energy required during these movements.
  • the rib 521 can optionally be used to provide energy for return in front or rear bending. In the in most cases it will be provided so that it can flex laterally, but be rigid towards the rear of so as to resume efforts and provide firm back support.
  • Elastic means of the elastic buffer type may be provided in the intervals left between the ribs, in particular between the central rib 521 and the lateral ribs 524 to modulate the stiffness and elasticity conditions.
  • the collar 620 is anchored laterally by pins 621 on the heel counter 611 and is also fixed at the rear on the heel counter at two anchor points 653, such as rivets or screws.
  • a transverse notch 651, provided substantially horizontally behind the collar 620 provides the latter the possibility of forward bending, by elastic deformation of the material constituting the collar.
  • the collar 620 comprises on each side an oblong lumen 613, substantially inclined towards the rear, and each intended to receive one of the anchoring axes 621 of the collar 620.
  • the forecast of these oblong lights 613 allows transverse inclination of the collar by sliding the anchor pins lateral of the collar in said lights 613.
  • the return energy is supplied by the deformation of the collar part 619 between the lateral anchors 613 and rear 653.
  • This same part 619 also provides the return energy in case of forward bending.
  • the collar 620 has, as in the case of FIG. 3, a deformation zone transverse 640 located at its upper edge and which can also be elastically deformed in transverse direction.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Sealing Devices (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Sportschuh des Typs, welcher eine starre Tragkonstruktion aufweist, die mindestens aus einer Absatzkappe (11, 111, 311, 411, 611) gebildet ist und einem starren Kragen (20, 120, 220, 320, 420, 520, 620) zum Halten des unteren Teils des Beines, welcher an der Absatzkappe um eine im Wesentlichen transversale Achse 30 angelenkt ist, wobei der Kragen imstande ist, um diese transversale Achse zu schwenken oder sich nach vorne zu biegen während dem Ausüben der Sportart, wobei der Schuh aufweist transversale Neigungsmittel (13, 140, 240, 361, 461, 524, 525, 613), die mit mindestens einem Teil des Kragens verbunden sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass elastische Rückwärtsbewegungsmittel mit den transversalen Neigungsmitteln verbunden sind für eine Rückkehr in eine neutrale Position.
  2. Sportschuh nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die transversalen Neigungsmittel des Kragens durch transversale Deformierungszonen (140, 240, 524, 525) des Kragens gebildet sind.
  3. Sportschuh nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jede transversale Deformierungszone (140) durch einen im Wesentlichen vertikalen Flügel gebildet ist, der einerseits nach hinten durch einen im Wesentlichen vertikalen Spalt (141) begrenzt ist und andererseits nach vorne durch einen Ausschnitt (142).
  4. Sportschuh nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die transversalen Deformierungszonen (140) des Kragens durch eine Aufeinanderfolgung von seitlichen übereinandergeordneten Spalten (241) gebildet sind, die in longitudinaler Richtung orientiert sind.
  5. Sportschuh nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die transversalen Deformierungszonen durch zwei seitliche Rippen (524, 525) im Wesentlichen in Form eines V gebildet sind, welche in horizontaler Richtung orientiert sind, seitlich hervorkommend beidseitig einer zentralen vertikalen Rippe (521).
  6. Sportschuh nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die elastische Rückwärtsbewegungsenergie in transversaler Richtung durch die Materialdeformierung der transversalen Deformierungszonen geliefert wird.
  7. Sportschuh nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kragen aus jeweils zwei Teilen (340, 350, 440, 450) gebildet ist in einer im Wesentlichen halbzylindrischen Form, wobei das eine mit dem anderen gemäß einer longitudinalen Anlenkungsachse (361, 461) miteinander umschlossen und angelenkt ist.
  8. Sportschuh nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kragen (20, 620) seitlich verankert ist auf der Absatzkappe (11) und dass die transversalen Neigungsmittel des Kragens durch eine Montage mit vertikaler Verschiebbarkeit seiner Anlenkungsachsen (21, 621) gebildet sind.
EP97119222A 1996-11-08 1997-11-04 Sportschuh mit beweglichem Oberteil Expired - Lifetime EP0841015B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9613854 1996-11-08
FR9613854A FR2755584B1 (fr) 1996-11-08 1996-11-08 Chaussure de sport comportant un collier mobile

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0841015A1 EP0841015A1 (de) 1998-05-13
EP0841015B1 true EP0841015B1 (de) 2002-03-13

Family

ID=9497597

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97119222A Expired - Lifetime EP0841015B1 (de) 1996-11-08 1997-11-04 Sportschuh mit beweglichem Oberteil

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (2) US5926979A (de)
EP (1) EP0841015B1 (de)
KR (1) KR19980042213A (de)
CN (1) CN1177548C (de)
AT (1) ATE214239T1 (de)
CA (1) CA2220989A1 (de)
DE (1) DE69710989T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2755584B1 (de)
TW (1) TW362959B (de)

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FR2755584B1 (fr) * 1996-11-08 1999-01-15 Salomon Sa Chaussure de sport comportant un collier mobile
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FR2759604B1 (fr) * 1997-02-18 1999-05-07 Salomon Sa Dispositif de retenue d'une chaussure sur une planche de glisse avec element d'appui dorsal
CA2203331C (en) * 1997-04-22 2006-02-21 Darrel Rowledge Flexible footbed skate
FR2774563A1 (fr) 1998-02-10 1999-08-13 Salomon Sa Chaussure de sport munie d'un collier de renfort
FR2776896B1 (fr) * 1998-04-03 2000-06-30 Salomon Sa Chaussure de sport a ossature rigide partiellement recouverte
WO2000010415A1 (de) * 1998-08-20 2000-03-02 Marcus Schachtschneider Schutzvorrichtung für den fussgelenkbereich
US6543793B1 (en) 2000-10-03 2003-04-08 The Burton Corporation Highback formed of multiple materials
EP1212124B1 (de) * 2000-01-06 2003-08-27 The Burton Corporation Aus verschiedenen materialien hergestellte unterstützungsvorrichtung
US6631919B1 (en) * 2000-01-06 2003-10-14 The Burton Corporation Wing-shaped leg support for a highback
US6554296B1 (en) 2000-04-28 2003-04-29 The Burton Corporation Highback with independent forward lean adjustment
IT1316210B1 (it) * 2000-09-12 2003-04-03 Dainese Spa Struttura a stivale per calzature sportive, particolarmente permotoclisti.
WO2002052969A1 (en) * 2000-12-28 2002-07-11 Alpinestars Spa Sports footwear having a protective structure with a plurality of articulation
FR2839264B1 (fr) * 2002-05-03 2004-08-06 Salomon Sa Patin a roulettes
FR2847432B1 (fr) * 2002-11-27 2005-02-11 Random Design Ensemble comprenant deux bottes articulees ayant des caracteristiques mecaniques differentes
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US7621542B2 (en) * 2006-11-20 2009-11-24 The Burton Corporation Snowboard binding and related methods
US7686321B2 (en) * 2006-12-01 2010-03-30 The Burton Corporation Highback with textile-like material for support
US20090243238A1 (en) * 2007-10-10 2009-10-01 Dasc, Llc Skate boot
US7992888B2 (en) * 2007-12-07 2011-08-09 K-2 Corporation Blockless highback binding
US20110101665A1 (en) * 2009-10-30 2011-05-05 Dasc, Llc Hockey skate
US8684368B2 (en) 2009-10-30 2014-04-01 Easton Sports, Inc. Hockey skate
FR2976161B1 (fr) * 2011-06-09 2015-07-31 Salomon Sas Chaussure a tige ameliore.
US9241538B2 (en) * 2011-07-28 2016-01-26 Rebecca K. Jacobs Boot bra
EP2572599B1 (de) * 2011-09-26 2015-04-22 Rossignol Lange S.R.L. Schale für Skischuh mit Spoiler
ITMI20120068A1 (it) * 2012-01-23 2013-07-24 Martino Fumagalli Spoiler per attacco da snowboard.
FR2999881B1 (fr) * 2012-12-21 2015-06-12 Salomon Sas Article chaussant a structure simplifiee
US9510639B2 (en) 2013-03-11 2016-12-06 Bauer Hockey, Inc. Hockey skate
US9878229B2 (en) 2013-03-11 2018-01-30 Bauer Hockey, Llc Skate with injected boot form
CA3024025C (en) * 2013-03-15 2019-08-13 Bauer Hockey Ltd. Skate boot having a toe cap with rear extensions
FR3015190B1 (fr) * 2013-12-20 2016-07-01 Salomon Sas Chaussure de sport
CN105533853B (zh) * 2016-03-04 2020-12-18 北京航空航天大学 一种带有缓冲鞋垫的足部外置护具
CN105815873A (zh) * 2016-06-03 2016-08-03 曹俏峰 一种带有刚性护脚支架的运动鞋
DE102017109877A1 (de) * 2017-05-08 2018-11-08 Betterguards Technology Gmbh Fußbewegungsdämpfungsvorrichtung und Schuh zum Dämpfen einer Fußbewegung über das Sprunggelenk
CN111358112A (zh) * 2020-03-03 2020-07-03 温州慧谷产品设计有限公司 一种护踝运动鞋
CA197134S (en) 2020-07-27 2022-05-12 Dentec Safety Specialists Inc Heel traction device
CA197133S (en) 2020-07-27 2022-05-12 Dentec Safety Specialists Inc Mid-sole traction device
CA3088637A1 (en) 2020-07-31 2022-01-31 Dentec Safety Specialists Inc. Heel traction device
CA3088629A1 (en) 2020-07-31 2022-01-31 Dentec Safety Specialists Inc. Mid-sole traction device

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FR2755584B1 (fr) * 1996-11-08 1999-01-15 Salomon Sa Chaussure de sport comportant un collier mobile

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1190558A (zh) 1998-08-19
FR2755584A1 (fr) 1998-05-15
DE69710989T2 (de) 2002-09-19
TW362959B (en) 1999-07-01
KR19980042213A (ko) 1998-08-17
ATE214239T1 (de) 2002-03-15
CA2220989A1 (fr) 1998-05-08
US5926979A (en) 1999-07-27
CN1177548C (zh) 2004-12-01
EP0841015A1 (de) 1998-05-13
FR2755584B1 (fr) 1999-01-15
DE69710989D1 (de) 2002-04-18
US6094842A (en) 2000-08-01

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